BY
CITY AND REGIONAL PLANNING
CRP 431 INTRODCUTION
Mr T Moyo
thembanijoel@gmail.com
SESSION 1
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
INTRODUCTION
– You have just come, you registered, you will attend classes, you will do individual and group
assignments and projects, you will also be tested in class and given chances to do tests at
home, you will be assessed and will also be given an opportunity to assess your peers and
yourself, you will be challenged, you will learn, you will enjoy some topics, you will also
struggle with some, you are expected to challenge yourself and you conquer.
– It is the time to present the CRP module as a whole, starting with the purpose of the module,
focusing on all the topics of the module – explaining concepts, emphasising on the learning
outcomes, assessment criteria, linkages with other modules, correct interpretation of
questions, responding to all the demands of the question, the commanding words and the key
terms within the question, providing details required and providing examples to support the
responses as well as critiquing the concepts where necessary.
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
PURPOSE OF THE MODULE SEE LEARNER’S GUIDE
– The module is aimed at making students develop an understanding of the trend in planning literature,
different approaches to and theory of planning, as well as interrelationships among them, and how all these
have influenced planning practice over time across the globe and in South Africa in particular. The main
objectives of the course are to equip learners with the theory and application of (course content):
– Planning: Definitions highlighting key concepts of the discipline, the activities involved and intended
purposes
– Evolution of town planning, key contributors to the development of the discipline since the late 19th century
– British town planning ideas, principles and beliefs and their impact on South African planning theory and
practice
– Town planning ideas, principles and beliefs that originated elsewhere, (non-British) on South African town
planning theory and practice
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
PURPOSE OF THE MODULE SEE LEARNER’S GUIDE
– Procedural planning - Theory, process and approaches to planning: Blue-print/Master Planning,
Rational comprehensive planning, Strategic planning, System Planning/ Synoptic Planning,
Incrementalism, Advocacy Planning, Post-modernism, Strategic Planning, etc.
– Substantive Planning - Location, regional planning and urban form and structure theories and
models: Central Place (Christaller), Least Cost (Webber), Growth Pole (Perroux), Von Thunen Land Use
Theory and 21st century theories e.g. Smart City Concepts etc.
– Plan/design, Implementation and Outcome Evaluation Techniques: Economic Base Analysis, Social
Area Analysis/Factorial Ecology, Input-output analysis, cost-benefit analysis, etc.
– Planning Practice and administration in South Africa: South African Planning Administrative and
legislative structures and planning policy frameworks.
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
EXPLANATION OF CONCEPTS :
4 SUB-MODULES IN ONE (CRP 431) - SEE
LEARNERS GUIDE
CRP 431
International Town
Planning Experiences
Introduction to Planning
and Evolution of the
Profession
Urban and Regional
Planning Decision Making
Techniques
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
South African Town
Planning Experiences
During and Post Apartheid
Planning Theory
South African Town
Planning Experiences
During and Post Apartheid
INTRODUCTION TO PLANNING AND
EVOLUTION OF THE PROFESSION - SEE
LEARNERS GUIDE
SUB-MODULE 1
Introduction to Town Planning (definition of town
planning, key terms/concepts, building blocks,
activities etc. e.g. Futuristic, Continuous/iterative
process, Choice, spatial/physical, sustainable
community development, Spatial planning, Land
use development, consolidation, subdivision,
township applications )
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
Evolution of Town Planning (key scholars who
have contributed to the profession, how their
ideas and practice in the UK, USA influenced
town planning in SA e.g. Ebenezer Howard,
Patrick Geddes, Patrick Abercrombie, Clarence
Perry, Kevin Lynch etc.)
PLANNING THEORY - SEE LEARNERS GUIDE
SUB- MODULE 2
Theory of Planning – Procedural
Planning Theories – HOW Planning is
practiced ( e.g. Master, rational
comprehensive, strategic, collaborative,
radical planning etc.)
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
Theory in Planning - Substantive
Planning Theories – WHAT is produced by
the planning profession (e.g. central
place, growth pole, least cost industrial
and bid rent theories and concentric ,
sector, multiple nuclei models etc.)
URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING DECISION
MAKING TECHNIQUES - SEE LEARNERS GUIDE
SUB-MODULE 3
Urban and Regional Planning Decision Making Techniques (Shiftshare analysis, Input-output analysis, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Sieve
Technique, Potential Surface Analysis, Social Area Analysis etc.)
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
SOUTH AFRICAN TOWN PLANNING EXPERIENCES
DURING AND POST APARTHEID- SEE LEARNERS
GUIDE
SUB- MODULE 4
South African Town Planning Experiences
During Apartheid ( 1910 – 1993 – planning
tools – policies, legislative instruments,
plans, programmes, approaches etc. e.g.
Native Land Act 1913, Group Areas Act etc )
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
South African Town Planning Experiences Post
Apartheid ( 1994 –to date; planning tools, policies,
legislative instruments, plans, programmes,
approaches etc. Development Facilitation Act (DFA),
Spatial Planning and Land Use Management Act
(SPLUMA), Reconstruction and Development
Programme (RDP), National Development Programme
(NDP) etc
LEARNING OUTCOMES
– SEE LEARNERS GUIDE
– The learning outcomes can be packaged into 7 broad areas.
1.
Demonstrating knowledge and understanding of town planning discipline – from various definitions, key
terms/concepts, building blocks/pillars to specific activities.
2.
Demonstrating knowledge and understanding of the evolution of town planning discipline and how the key
scholars contributed to the development of the profession.
3.
Demonstrating knowledge and understanding of procedural planning theories/theory of planning –
applicability of all the theories to town planning practice.
4.
Demonstrating knowledge and understanding of substantive planning theories and models /theory in
planning - applicability of all the theories to town planning practice.
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
LEARNING OUTCOMES
– SEE LEARNERS GUIDE
5.
Demonstrating knowledge and understanding of urban and regional planning decision making
techniques - applicability of all the techniques to town planning practice.
6.
Demonstrating knowledge and understanding of South African town planning practice during
apartheid period (1910-1993) – tools adopted and used as well as their impact on spatial, economic,
social and environmental issues.
7.
Demonstrating knowledge and understanding of South African town planning practice during the
democratisation period (1994- to date) – tools adopted and used as well as their impact on spatial,
economic, social and environmental issues.
– These 7 broad learning outcomes assist in the formulation of 7 possible questions for the final examination
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA – SEE LEARNERS GUIDE
Action Word
Descriptions
Calculate
Determine the value, using formulae or specific calculation methods.
Classify
Group concepts or subjects together based on certain characteristics or commonalities.
Compare
Point out the similarities and differences between objects or points of view. The word contrast can also be used.
Convert
Transform a quantity expressed in one unit to a quantity expressed in another unit.
Define
Give a short and clear description of a term or concept.
Demonstrate
Show clearly/prove/make clear by reasoning or evidence/illustrate and explain, especially with many examples.
Derive
Deduce or infer something from the given information.
Describe
Tell in detail how a process works or how a subject appears. You need not comment on the process or the subject or give your own point of view.
Differentiate
Find differences between objects or statements.
Discuss
Explain terms or concepts in your own words. Give comments or give your own point of view.
Distinguish
Write down the differences between subjects or concepts.
Draw
Create a drawing, diagram or representation of a subject or concept.
Explain
Write about the subject in your own words. Clarify or give reasons – it may be useful to use examples or illustrations. You must prove that you understand the content.
Formulate
Express in a concise, systematic way.
Identify
Establish the identity or recognize a process.
Illustrate
Explain by means of detailed descriptions and drawings.
Interpret
Explain or clarify the meaning of a concept/value.
List/Name
Briefly write down the facts or main points.
Motivate
Give reason(s) for your answer.
Name
Nominate or specify a site or process.
Organise
Arrange data according to certain criteria.
Predict
Use the facts available to derive an outcome.
Relate
Show the relation/connection of entities, how the concepts can be linked.
Solve
Find an answer by using critical thinking and/or calculations.
Summarise
Briefly state/list/write down only the most important detail/facts.
Understand
Show insight into or know the meaning/nature of a concept or term; to comprehend.
Apply
Put to practical use or make use of a relevant equation or law.
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
– ACADEMIC REGULATIONS
– Formative and summative assessments are linked to learning outcomes.
– The respective outcomes are assessed using individual and group aassignments, in class and take home tests as
well as the final examination.
– Professional presentation of work and ability to argue, debate and register one’s own opinion over issues is
strongly recommended.
– There is need to show initiative by reading extensively and widely.
– There is need to demonstrate ability to analyse existing phenomena and apply the knowledge and
understanding to propose solutions to problems and use concrete and truthful as well as well presented world
examples.
– You must be assessed during the learning – Yearly modules – at least 5 assignments with a final examinations
on top, Semester modules - at least 3 assignments with a final examination.
– Non –examinable modules – more assignments and a Final project must be done
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA – BLOOM’S
TAXONOMY
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
LINKAGES WITH OTHER MODULES – FOLLOW ALL
MODULE CONCEPTS AND THEIR EXPLANATIONS
– This module is central to all the BTech modules.
– It provides almost all the knowledge and understanding about the origin, building blocks,
concepts and activities in the discipline.
– It also provides all the theories – both procedural and substantive that are applicable to
other modules
– It also provides all the techniques applicable in all other modules
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
Module
Substantive Planning
Theory/Model
Research Module
Housing, transport, green
Strategic choice approach,
space, informal sector, energy collaborative/coproduction/p
etc
lace making, etc.
CBA etc
Management for Planners
Municipal management
Strategic choice approach,
collaborative
PERT , CPA, etc
Environmental module
Environmental planning
Strategic choice approach,
collaborative
Shift share , input-output
analysis etc
Planning Design Module
Metropolitan ; Spatial form
and structure etc.
Strategic choice approach,
collaborative/coproduction/p
lace making, etc.
Shift share , input-output
analysis etc.
GIS Module
Spatial form/structure
Strategic choice approach,
collaborative/coproduction/p
lace making, etc.
Sieve technique, Potential
surface analysis
Community studies Module
Local economic development
Strategic choice approach,
collaborative/coproduction/p
lace making, etc.
Employment balance –
economic base analysis,
social area analysis
Setting the Scene - CRP 431 2019
Procedural Planning Theory
Decision Making Techniques