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EDGE KPI Radio & Counters definition
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Contents
1
Introduction .......................................................................................... 3
2
System Overview ................................................................................. 3
3
GPRS/EGPRS Performance & Structure of Indicators ...................... 4
4
Main Radio Key performance indicator .............................................. 5
4.1
IP Throughput .......................................................................... 5
4.2
IP Data Volume ........................................................................ 7
4.3
IP Latency ................................................................................ 7
4.4
IP Transfer Interrupts................................................................ 8
5
Further Analysis ................................................................................. 10
5.1
Interference: ........................................................................... 10
5.2
Mobility ................................................................................... 12
5.3
Capacity ................................................................................. 12
6
Reports In Business Object Format.................................................. 18
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Introduction
One aspect of quality when it comes to PS services is the performance perceived
by the end-user. Key Performance Indicators (KPI) are those indicators that have
big impact on the end-user’s perception of the service performance. Therefore
the KPI definitions make a description of the end user’s perception of the
performance possible. Additionally they enable operators to compare bearer
performance between their own networks and with the performance of
competitors’ networks.
2
System Overview
1-EDGE GPRS DIAGRAM
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GPRS/EGPRS Performance & Structure of Indicators
Capacity
Mobility
Interference
If we can attain capacity, mobility and interference improvements then this will
give us an End-to-End performance enhancement. The process used can be
thought of in the following way with capacity shown as an example.
IP Throughput
IP Transfer
interrupts
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Main Radio Key performance indicator
The main KPIs that are used for GPRS/EGPRS radio optimization are:
4.1
IP Throughput
This KPI allow the operator to check the speed with which the BSS manages to
transport IP packets to the users in each cell. The theory is counting the total
amount of data and divides it by the total time taken to transmit it. When there is
no data transfer in progress the time is not counted.
LLC Packet
Data Units
from the SGSN
Time period
not counted
PCU Buffer
TIME
Radio
Transmission
TS1 (start time)
TE1 (end time)
TS2
TBF 1
IP Throughput =
TE2
TBF 2
# LLC octets in TBF1 and TBF2
Total Data Volume in Kbits
(TE2 – TS2) + (TE1 – TS1)
Total Time in sec
(Kbit/s)
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The IP throughput formulas are as follow:
DL
(DLBGGTHR + DLTHP1GTHR + DLTHP2GTHR + DLTHP3GTHR) /
(DLBGGDATA + DLTHP1GDATA + DLTHP2GDATA + DLTHP3GDATA)
UL
(ULBGGTHR + ULTHP1GTHR + ULTHP2GTHR + ULTHP3GTHR) /
(ULBGGDATA + ULTHP1GDATA + ULTHP2GDATA + ULTHP3GDATA)
DL
(DLBEGTHR + DLTHP1EGTHR + DLTHP2EGTHR + DLTHP3EGTHR) /
(DLBGEGDATA + DLTHP1EGDATA + DLTHP2EGDATA + DLTHP3EGDATA)
UL
(ULBEGTHR + ULTHP1EGTHR + ULTHP2EGTHR + ULTHP3EGTHR) /
(ULBGEGDATA + ULTHP1EGDATA + ULTHP2EGDATA + ULTHP3EGDATA)
GPRS IP/LLC Throughput
EDGE IP/LLC Throughput
"xy"GTHR: Accumulated (LLC throughput * LLC data volume) for Basic and
GPRS mode transfers where x=UL or DL and y=THP1 or THP2 or THP3 or BG.
With Flexible Abis the counter values will be slightly lower. Units: kbit*kbit/s>
"xy"GDATA: Accumulated LLC data volume for Basic and GPRS mode transfers
where x= UL or DL and y=THP1 or THP2 or THP3 or BG. Units: kbit
"xy"EGTHR: Accumulation of (LLC throughput * LLC data volume) for EGPRS
mode transfers where x=UL or DL and y=THP1 or THP2 or THP3 or BG. With
Flexible Abis the counter values will be slightly lower. Units: kbit*kbit/s.
"xy"EGDATA: Accumulated LLC data volume for EGPRS mode transfers where
x= UL or DL and y=THP1 or THP2 or THP3 or BG. Units: kbit.
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IP Data Volume
IP data volume cannot be classified as a key performance indicator, but if
performance problems are identified using other KPIs then the IP user data
volume must be used to evaluate if these are worth fixing.
DL (DLSTRVOL + DLINTBGVOL) / (8*1024)
IP Data Volume (MB)
UL (VOLULSTRACC + ULINTBGVOL) / (8*1024)
DLSTRVOL: Total LLC data volume transferred for all types of streaming (EIT)
PFCs downlink. Units: kbit
DLINTBGVOL: Total LLC data volume transferred in interactive and background
PFCs downlink. Units: kbit
ULINTBGVOL: Total LLC data volume transferred in interactive and background
PFCs uplink. Units: kbit
VOLULSTRACC: Accumulated LLC data volume for all uplink TBF with Traffic
Class = Streaming. Units: kbit
4.3
IP Latency
This KPI determines how quickly the IP packet containing the "request" message
can be sent through the system, processed by the receiver, and an IP packet
containing the "response" sent back.
IP Latency [ms]
(ACCGNOEXTIPLAT + ACCEGNOEXTIPLAT + ACCGEXTIPLAT +
ACCEGEXTIPLAT) / (GNOEXTIPL AT + EG NOEXTIPLAT + GEXTIPLAT +
EGEXTIPLAT)
ACCEGEXTIPLAT: IP Latency measured for EGPRS capable and Extended UL
MSs. Units: ms
ACCEGNOEXTIPLAT: IP Latency measured for EGPRS capable and not
Extended UL capable MSs. Units: ms
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ACCGEXTIPLAT: IP Latency measured for GPRS capable and Extended UL
MSs. Units: ms
ACCGNOEXTIPLAT: IP Latency measured for GPRS capable and not Extended
UL capable MSs. Units: ms
EGEXTIPLAT: Number of accumulations of IP latency for all valid samples for
EGPRS capable and Extended UL MSs.
EGNOEXTIPLAT: Number of accumulations of IP latency for all valid samples for
EGPRS capable and not Extended UL capable MSs.
GEXTIPLAT: Number of accumulations of IP latency for all valid samples for
GPRS capable and Extended UL MSs.
GNOEXTIPLAT: Number of accumulations of IP latency for all valid samples for
GPRS capable and not Extended UL capable MSs.
4.4
IP Transfer Interrupts
This KPI determines how often the IP transfer is interrupted. An interrupt is
defined as a connection drop or establishment failure where there is data
transfer.
DL
(TBFDLGPRS + TBFDLEGPRS) / (6 * (LDISTFI + LDISRR
+ LDISOTH + FLUDISC))
UL
(TBFULGPRS + TBFULEGPRS) / (6 * (IAULREL + CRSULREL
+ PREJTFI + PREJOTH + PREEMPTULREL + OTHULREL))
IP Transfer Interrupts (TBF
minutes per interrupt)
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LDISTFI Number of times the entire contents of a downlink buffer in the PCU
were discarded due to the reason no available PDCH or TFI. This can be at TBF
setup or at TBF release due to preemption. Units: integer.
LDISRR: The counter LDISRR counts the total number of times, per cell, that the
entire content of the downlink LLC PDU buffer was discarded due to radio
reasons:

TBF cannot be setup due to no answer from MS

TBF released due to lost contact with the MS
Units: integer
LDISOTH: Number of times the entire contents of a downlink buffer in the PCU
were discarded for any other reason than those listed here. Units: integer
FLUDISC: Number of times the entire contents of a downlink buffer in the PCU
were discarded due to an inter RA cell reselection or inter PCU cell reselection
(i.e. a Flush message was received in PCU to delete the contents of a PCU
buffer). Units: integer
CRSULREL: The total number of times, per cell, that an established uplink TBF
was released due to a successful cell reselection. Units: integer
PREEMPTULREL: Total number of UL TBFs abnormally released due to
preemption (either due to CS channel congestion or Abis congestion (for CS
only), VGCS or PCU overload protection). The counter is only stepped if there is
an established uplink TBF. The impact on the user (i.e. interruption in service) is
likely to be smaller than when a TBF is released due to lost radio contact.
OTHULREL: Total number of UL TBFs abnormally released due to all other
reasons than preemption, cell reselections or radio contact lost. The counter is
only stepped if there is an established uplink TBF. The impact on the user (i.e.
interruption in service) is likely to be smaller than when a TBF is released due to
lost radio contact. The most common reason for OTHULREL is that the handling
of a cell is moved to another RP.
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Further Analysis
5.1
Interference:
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There can be many causes of interference in the GPRS/EDGE system. The
effects of interference may range from low throughput to poor cell reselection or
radio outage.
CS 1-2-3-4 Radio Link
Bitrate
EDGE Radio Link Bitrate
% Abnormally Released
TBFs (due to radio
reasons)
DL CS14DLACK / (CS14DLSCHED * 20)
UL CS12ULACK / (CS12ULSCHED * 20)
DL MC19DLACK / (MC19DLSCHED * 20)
UL MC19ULACK / (MC19ULSCHED * 20)
DL 100 * LDISRR / (LDISTFI + LDISRR + LDISOTH + FLUDISC)
CS14DLACK: Total amount of RLC data volume successfully acknowledged by
MSs with a GPRS mode TBF (CS-1 to CS-4) in RLC acknowledged mode,
downlink. CS14DLACKSUB counts the total amount of RLC data sent on the DL
successfully received by the MSs in the overlaid subcell for CS-1/2/3/4, RLC
acknowledged mode TBFs. Units: bits
CS14DLSCHED: Total number of DL RLC data blocks scheduled by PCU for the
transmission of user data or GMM/SM signalling in CS-1/2/3/4, RLC
acknowledged mode TBFs. Retransmissions are included. RLC/MAC signalling
blocks and RLC dummy blocks are excluded. CS14DLSCHEDSUB is the counter
for transfers in the OL subcell.
CS12ULACK: Counts the total amount of RLC data successfully received in the
PCU for CS-1/2, RLC acknowledged mode TBFs. CS12ULACKSUB is the
counter for transfers in the OL subcell. Units: bits.
CS12ULSCHED: Total number of RLC data blocks scheduled by MSs for the
transmission of user data or GMM/SM signalling in CS-1/2, RLC acknowledged
mode TBFs. Retransmissions are included. RLC/MAC signalling blocks and RLC
dummy blocks are excluded. CS12ULSCHEDSUB is the counter for transfers in
the OL subcell. Units: Integer (number of blocks).
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MC19DLACK: Total amount of RLC data volume successfully acknowledged by
MSs with a EGPRS mode TBF (MCS-1 to MCS-9) in RLC acknowledged mode,
downlink. MC19DLACKSUB Counts the total amount of RLC data sent on the DL
successfully received by the MSs in the overlaid subcell for EGPRS, RLC
acknowledged mode TBFs. Units: bits
MC19DLSCHED: Total number of 20 ms periods of channel time (1 or 2 RLC
data blocks) scheduled by PCU for the transmission of user data or GM/SMM
signalling in EGPRS, RLC acknowledged mode TBFs. Retransmissions are
included. RLC/MAC signalling blocks and RLC dummy blocks are excluded.
MC19DLSCHEDSUB is the counter for transfers in the OL subcell.
MC19ULSCHED: Total number of 20 ms periods of channel time (1 or 2 RLC
data blocks) scheduled by MSs for the transmission of user data or GM/SMM
signalling in EGPRS, RLC acknowledged mode TBFs. Retransmissions are
included. RLC/MAC signalling blocks and RLC dummy blocks are excluded.
MC19ULSCHEDSUB is the counter for transfers in the OL subcell. Units: Integer
(number of blocks).
MC19ULACK: Counts the total amount of RLC data successfully received by the
PCU for EGPRS, RLC acknowledged mode TBFs. MC19ULACKSUB is the
counter for transfers in the OL subcell. Units: bits.
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Mobility
Cell reselection for GPRS/EDGE can take up to a number of seconds unlike
handovers, which are a lot quicker. When using GPRS/EDGE, this has a very
negative impact on the user perception of the network.
TBF minutes per inter-RA CRS DL (TBFDLGPRS + TBFDLEGPRS) / 6 / FLUDISC
TBF minutes per intra-RA CRS DL (TBFDLGPRS + TBFDLEGPRS) / 6 / FLUMOVE
TBFDLGPRS: Accumulated number of Basic and GPRS mode DL TBFs (active
users), for all types of traffic, including effective streaming PDCH and PDCH
used for EIT, in the cell.
TBFDLEGPRS: Accumulated number of EGPRS mode DL TBFs (active users),
for all types of traffic, including effective streaming PDCH and PDCH used for
EIT, in the cell.
FLUDISC: Number of times the entire contents of a downlink buffer in the PCU
were discarded due to an inter RA cell reselection or inter PCU cell reselection
(i.e. a Flush message was received in PCU to delete the contents of a PCU
buffer). Units: integer.
FLUMOVE: Number of times the contents of a downlink buffer in the PCU were
moved to another queue due to a flush message received in the PCU.
5.3
Capacity
There are different types of capacity issues in GPRS/EDGE Network.
5.3.1
CCCH Capacity
As GPRS/EDGE uses CCCH for immediate assignments and paging there is a
risk for CCCH congestions.
Page Discarded
BTS
PAGPCHCONG + PAGETOOOLD
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PAGPCHCONG: Number of paging messages discarded due to full cell paging
queue.
PAGETOOOLD: Number of paging messages discarded due to being too long in
the paging queue. At the point when a page is taken from the paging queue, its
age is calculated and compared to the BTS parameter AGE-OF-PAGING (the
parameter is set to 5 seconds in Ericsson BSS). If it is too old, it is discarded and
PAGETOOLD is incremented.
5.3.2
PCU Capacity
The PCU is responsible for the GPRS/EDGE resource management in the BSS.
The PCU consists of central software for the Central Processor and hardware
devices with regional software for the Regional Processor. The RPP distributes
data packets between the Gb and Abis interfaces.
GSL Load > 80%
100 * (GSL8190 + GSL9100) / GSLSCAN
RPP Load > 80%
100 * (RPP8190 + RPP9100) / (RPP0040 + RPP4160 +
RPP6180 + RPP8190 + RPP9100)
RPP Congestion
100 * ALLPDCHPCUFAIL / PCHALLATT
PCU Congestion Rate
100 * FAILMOVECELL / (SumOfCELLMOVED +
FAILMOVECELL)
GSL_Util %
GSLUTIL/GSLSCAN
GSLSCAN: Total number of scans of the PCU taken in relation to the GSL
device utilization.
GSL8190: Number scans where the fraction of (GSL devices in use / maximum
GSL devices possible to use) is between 81% and 90%.
GSL9100: Number scans where the fraction of (GSL devices in use / maximum
GSL devices possible to use) is between 91% and 100%
RPP0040: Total number of scans where the RPP load was between 0% and 40%
RPP4160: Total number of scans where the RPP load was between 41% and
60%.
RPP6180: Total number of scans where the RPP load was between 61% and
80%
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RPP8190: Total number of scans where the RPP load was between 81% and
90%.
RPP9100: Total number of scans where the RPP load was between 91% and
100%
ALLPDCHPCUFAIL: Number of failed PDCH allocations in the measurement
period due to lack of GSL devices in one GPH RP. Note that a move of a cell to a
new GPH RP (perhaps with spare capacity) is usually initiated after this counter
has stepped.
PCHALLATT: Number of packet channel allocation attempts. The counter value
is incremented at each request to allocate PDCHs in the cell. The counter value
is incremented by one independently of the number of channels requested and
the result of the request.
FAILMOVECELL: Number of times an attempt to move a cell from one GPH RP
to another has failed. Move of cells can be initiated due to lack of GSL devices or
high GPH processor load.
CELLMOVED: Counts the number of times a cell has been successfully moved
from one RPP to another. Move of cell can either be initiated due to lack of GSL
devices or due to high GPH processor load.
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Multislot Capacity
The multislot utilization of the GPRS and EGDE MS must be monitored. It can
highlight capacity issues in the network. The average number of timeslots that a
MS received can also be viewed.
Multislot Utilization GPRS
100 * (MUTILBASIC + MUTILGPRS) / (TRAFF2BTBFSCAN +
TRAFF2GTBFSCAN)
Multislot Utilization EDGE
100 * (MUTILEGPRS) / (TRAFF2ETBFSCAN)
Maximum Number of TS
reservable per TBF
(4 * (MUTIL14 + MUTIL24 + MUTIL34 + MUTIL44) + 3 *
(MUTIL13 + MUTIL23 + MUTIL33) + 2 * (MUTIL12 + MUTIL22)) /
(MUTIL14 + MUTIL24 + MUTIL34 + MUTIL44 + MUTIL13 +
MUTIL23 + MUTIL33 + MUTIL12 + MUTIL22)
MUTILBASIC: Accumulation of the percentage of number of timeslots actually
reserved versus maximum number of timeslots possible for the MS to reserve,
calculated for every DL Basic mode TBFs scanned. One scan of all downlink
TBFs in the cell carried out every 10 seconds. Counter for GPRS mode TBFs
MUTILGPRS. Counter for EGPRS mode TBFs MUTILEGPRSWith Flexible Abis
the counter value of MUTILEGPRS will be slightly lower. Units: Percent.
TRAFGPRS2SCAN: Total number of scans of the cell carried out for the number
of DL TBFs.
TRAFF2BTBFSCAN: Total number DL TBFs scanned which were of mode
Basic. Counter for GPRS mode TBFs TRAFF2GTBFSCAN. Counter for EGPRS
mode TBFs TRAFF2ETBFSCAN.
MUTIL14: Number of DL TBFs (of any mode) scanned where only 1 out of a
possible 4 timeslots were reserved. Also MUTIL24, MUTIL34, MUTIL44.
MUTIL13: Number of DL TBFs (of any mode) scanned where only 1 out of a
possible 3 timeslots were reserved. Also MUTIL23, MUTIL33.
MUTIL12: Number of DL TBFs (of any mode) scanned where only 1 out of a
possible 2 timeslots were reserved. Also MUTIL22.
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PDCH Capacity
The PDCH capacity could be monitored with a number of performance indicators.
PDCH Allocation Failure Rate
100 * PCHALLFAIL / PCHALLATT
Avg PDCH Allocated in cell
ALLPDCHACC / ALLPDCHSCAN
Avg PDCH (with traffic) in cell
UL
ALLPDCHACTACC / ALLPDCHSCAN
(DLTBFPBPDCH + DLTBFPGPDCH +
DLTBFPEPDCH) / (DLBPDCH + DLGPDCH +
DLEPDCH)
(ULTBFPBPDCH + ULTBFPGPDCH +
ULTBFPEPDCH) / (ULBPDCH + ULGPDCH +
ULEPDCH)
DL
DLTBFPEPDCH / DLEPDCH
UL
TBF minute per pre-empted PDCH in use DL
ULTBFPEPDCH / ULEPDCH
(TBFDLGPRS + TBFDLEGPRS) / 6 /
PREEMPTPDCH
DL
100 * (FAILDLTBFEST / DLTBFEST)
UL
100 * (PREJTFI + PREJOTH) / PSCHREQ
Sharing on B, G & E-PDCHs
Sharing on E-PDCHs
PDCH Blocking Rate
DL
PCHALLATT: Number of packet channel allocation attempts. The counter value
is incremented at each request to allocate PDCHs in the cell. The counter value
is incremented by one independently of the number of channels requested and
the result of the request.
PCHALLFAIL: Number of packet channel allocation failures. A failure is when
zero PDCH could be allocated due to lack of basic physical channels over the air
interface. Note that the failure relates to the inability of the system to allocate
resources and, in most cases, not to any failure to reserve channels experienced
by the user. "Failures" are normal, frequent, occurrences in a situation where PS
traffic must compete with CS traffic for basic physical channels.
ALLPDCHACC: Number of allocated PDCHs accumulator. Every 10 seconds the
number of allocated PDCH in the cell is recorded and added to an accumulator.
ALLPDCHSCAN: Number of accumulations. The same value for both the
allocated and active accumulators.
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ALLPDCHACTACC: Number of used PDCHs accumulator. Every 10 seconds
the number of used PDCH (carrying an uplink and/or downlink TBF) in the cell is
recorded and added to an accumulator.
DLBPDCH: Accumulated number of B-PDCH that carried one or more DL TBFs
of any mode in the cell (a B-PDCH used on the DL).
DLGPDCH: Accumulated number of G-PDCH that carried one or more DL TBFs
of any mode in the cell (a G-PDCH used on the DL).
DLEPDCH: Accumulated number of E-PDCH that carried one or more DL TBFs
of any mode in the cell (an E-PDCH used on the DL).
DLTBFPBPDCH: Accumulated number of simultaneous DL TBFs of any mode
per used B-PDCH in the cell.
DLTBFPGPDCH: Accumulated number of simultaneous DL TBFs of any mode
per used G-PDCH in the cell.
DLTBFPEPDCH: Accumulated number of simultaneous DL TBFs of any mode
per used E-PDCH in the cell.
ULBPDCH: Accumulated number of B-PDCH that carried one or more UL TBFs
of any mode in the cell (a B-PDCH used on the UL).
ULGPDCH: Accumulated number of G-PDCH that carried one or more UL TBFs
of any mode in the cell (a B-PDCH used on the UL).
ULEPDCH: Accumulated number of E-PDCH that carried one or more UL TBFs
of any mode in the cell (a B-PDCH used on the UL).
ULTBFPBPDCH: Accumulated number of simultaneous UL TBFs of any mode
per used B-PDCH in the cell.
ULTBFPGPDCH: Accumulated number of simultaneous UL TBFs of any mode
per used G-PDCH in the cell.
ULTBFPEPDCH: Accumulated number of simultaneous UL TBFs of any mode
per used E-PDCH in the cell.
DLTBFPEPDCH: Accumulated number of simultaneous DL TBFs of any mode
per used E-PDCH in the cell. Valid for all types of traffic, including effective
streaming PDCH and PDCH used for EIT. With Flexible Abis the counter values
will be slightly higher.
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ULTBFPEPDCH: Accumulated number of simultaneous UL TBFs of any mode
per used E-PDCH in the cell. Valid for all types of traffic, including effective
streaming PDCH and PDCH used for EIT. With Flexible Abis the counter values
will be slightly higher.
TBFDLGPRS: Accumulated number of Basic and GPRS mode DL TBFs (active
users), for all types of traffic, including effective streaming PDCH and PDCH
used for EIT, in the cell.
TBFDLEGPRS: Accumulated number of EGPRS mode DL TBFs (active users),
for all types of traffic, including effective streaming PDCH and PDCH used for
EIT, in the cell.
PREEMPTPDCH Total number of used PDCHs, either carrying packet traffic,
being in delayed release mode, early setup of downlink TBF mode or being in
extended uplink mode, that have been preempted by CS traffic, either due to CS
channel congestion or due to Abis congestion (CS only).
DLTBFEST: The total number of attempts to establish a downlink TBF.
FAILDLTBFEST: The total number of attempts to establish a downlink TBF that
resulted in a failure due to lack of resources. Lack of resources could mean: no
PDCH allocated on which the TBF could be reserved; no TFIs available (i.e.
maximum allowed number of TBF reserved on all allocated PDCH); the PDCH
was preempted before it could be reserved; some other channel fault that
prevented the reservation; congestion in MAC (i.e. no frame number could be
returned); congestion in the CP prevented the request being processed.
PREJTFI: Number of rejected packet access requests for the reason "no PDCH,
no USF or no TFI". Request is rejected by sending either "Immediate Assignment
Reject" message or "Packet Access Reject" message. Units: integer
PREJOTH: Number of rejected access requests for any other reason than "no
PDCH, no USF or no TFI". Again request is rejected by sending either
"Immediate Assignment Reject" message or "Packet Access Reject" message.
PSCHREQ: Number of packet access requests in the cell received in the PCU on
any channel: RACH, PRACH or PACCH (in Packet Downlink Ack/Nack). A
packet access request is normally to setup an uplink TBF.
6
Reports In Business Object Format
C:\Users\edjaben\ C:\Users\edjaben\ C:\Users\edjaben\ C:\Users\edjaben\ C:\Users\edjaben\
Desktop\Customer\BO\Main
Desktop\Customer\BO\Mobility
KPIs (Radio).rep
Desktop\Customer\BO\Capacity
KPIs (Radio).rep
Desktop\Customer\BO\Interference
KPIs (Radio).rep
Desktop\Customer\BO\Capacity
KPIs (Radio).rep