DONE BY : HAMA HABEEB
# PRACTICAL PHYSICS #
1- Helical spring :
A coil spring , also known as a helical spring , is a mechanical device which is
typically used to store energy and subsequently release it , to absorb shock , or to
maintain a force between contacting surfaces . They are made of an elastic material
formed into the shape of a helix which returns to its natural length when unloaded .
▪ Medical application:
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MRI and X-ray devices.
Dental X-Ray equipment with articulated arms.
Medical equipment drawer closing mechanisms.
Surgical staplers.
2- Pendulum:
A simple pendulum consists of a mass m hanging from a string of length L and fixed
at a pivot point P. When displaced to an initial angle and released, the pendulum will
swing back and forth with periodic motion.
▪ Medical application:
• Using pendulum to detect the illness
In Some countries many homeopathic doctors are using pendulum to detect what is
the real illness suffered by the patient. They also use it to determine what is the best
remedy for the illness.
3- Surface tension :
the tension of the surface film of a liquid caused by the attraction of the particles in the
surface layer by the bulk of the liquid, which tends to minimize surface area.
▪ Medical application:
• Surface tension in human pathophysiology and its application as a medical
diagnostic tool.
• Studies on the application of dynamic surface tension of serum and
cerebrospinal liquid for diagnostics and monitoring of treatment in patients
who have rheumatic, neurological or oncological diseases.
KIRKUK UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
DONE BY : HAMA HABEEB
# PRACTICAL PHYSICS #
4- COLLECTING LENS :
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light
beam by means of refraction . A simple lens consists of a single piece
of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple
lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis. Lenses are made
from materials such as glass or plastic, and
are ground and polished or molded to a desired shape.
▪ Medical application
1- Microscopes : Simple microscopes use lens systems to magnify very small
objects
2- Eye glasses or contact lens : used for people who have myopia and hyperopia.
3- Otoscope : Early ear examinations were performed by direct observation of
the ear canal during daylight.
4- Head Mirror : The most basic optical medical instrument for examination of
the ear, nose, and throat.
5-Archimedes principle :
a law of fluid mechanics : a body while wholly or partly immersed in a fluid
apparently loses weight by an amount equal to that of the fluid displaced.
▪ Medical application
• in the correction of asymmetrical breasts : The simple method described has
proved to be a helpful aid in surgical procedures for the correction of breast
asymmetry.
• Measuring cancellous bone volume: measure the volume of the inside spongy
part of the bone, also known as the cancellous bone.
• Measuring the volume of the teeth.
KIRKUK UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
DONE BY : HAMA HABEEB
# PRACTICAL PHYSICS #
6- Velocity of sound :
Sound waves are mechanical waves .They require a material medium to travel .Sound
can travel through all the three states of matter .The speed of sound is not always the
same .Remember that sound is a vibration of kinetic energy from molecule to
molecule .The closer the molecules are to each other and the tighter their bonds , the
less time it takes for them to pass the sound to each other and faster sound can travel.
▪ Medical application
• ultrasonic waves are used in medicine for diagnostic purposes .
• Ultrasound is also used in other medically related areas. For instance,
malignancies in the liver, kidney, brain, and pancreas can be detected with
ultrasound.
• Ultrasound also has applications other than imaging. Neurosurgeons use a
device called a cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA) to remove brain
tumours.
• Another application of ultrasound is in a new type of bloodless surgery, which
can eliminate abnormal cells, such as those in benign hyperplasia of the prostate
gland .
7- free fall :
A free falling object is an object that is falling under the sole influence of gravity. Any
object that is being acted upon only by the force of gravity is said to be in a state
of free fall.
▪ Medical application
•
Accelerometers help save the lives of those who are elderly or who have
difficulty standing. They sense when someone has suddenly fallen by
determining the change in their velocity and in the direction, they are moving.
KIRKUK UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
DONE BY : HAMA HABEEB
# PRACTICAL PHYSICS #
8- Maxwell’s wheel :
it Demonstrates the relationship between potential and kinetic energy. Maxwell’s
wheel is a an axle-mounted flywheel suspended at both ends by a nylon cord. When
the wheel is dropped, gravitational potential energy is converted to kinetic energy. The
jerk when the wheel reaches the bottom reverses the linear momentum causing the
wheel to wind back up. A small amount of energy is lost each time due to the friction
of the nearly-elastic collision that occurs when the wheel jerks at the bottom.
▪ Medical application
• The Maxwell wheel is used in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE)
Purification Kit which is designed to extract DNA rapidly from FFPE samples .
Good luck to everyone ^_^
KIRKUK UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE