TUGAS I KARAKTERISASI BAHAN MG-3211 Disusun Oleh: Ghema Swara Ananda (12516010) Geraldo Giovanni Harjono (12516016) Francis Valavani Setio (12516026) Kevin Lijaya Lukman (12516033) Kristoforus Arief Sutandi (12516065) PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK METALURGI FAKULTAS TEKNIK PERTAMBANGAN DAN PERMINYAKAN INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019 ALAT KARAKTERISASI DI ITB 1. Fakultas Teknik Mesin dan Dirgantara (FTMD) a. Laboratorium Metrologi Industri Profil Proyektor Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) Jangka Sorong, Mitutoyo Blok Ukur (Gauge Block) kelas 00 Autocolimator, Hilger & Watts Mikrometer, Mitutoyo b. c. d. e. Meja Rata, Carl Mahr Busur Bilah (digital), Carl Mahr Jam Ukur, Mitutoyo Laboratorium Motor Bakar Experimental Engine Basic Set for Measuring and Development Extension Set 1 for Advanced Measuring Equipment Extension Set 2 for Research and Scientific purpose (DYN) Research System for General Combustion Equipment Laboratorium Metalurgi dan Material Wire Drawing Machine Rolling Machine Hydraulic Press 100 ton Salt Spray Chamber Heat Treatment Furnace CNC Machine Servo Hydraulics Fatigue Machine Image Analyzer Electron Scanning Microscope (SEM) Electron Transmission & Scanning Microscope (STEM) X-ray Difractometer X-ray Spectrometer Optical Microscope Non Destructive Testing Machine AAS Laboratorium Mesin Fluida Compressor Test Set Water Hammer Testing Installation Hydraulic System Testing Installation Piston Pump Testing Installation Blower Testing Installation Radial Turbine-pump Testing Installation Turbine Regulation Model with Dummy Load Turbine Regulation Model with Mechanical Electrical System Laboratorium Energi Termal Pupitas, Mitutoyo Laser Interferometer Gas Turbine Fuel LVH Testing Equipment Experimental Gas Engine Gen-set Engine with Peripheric Device in Research Version JGS 312 GS-B53 General Test Bench Equipment Safety Device Gas Chromatography Infra RedSpectoscopy Ultra Violet Spectroscopy Differential Scanning Calorimetry DTA TGA Vacuum Induction Furnace Spot Welding Machine Sand Test Equipment Laboplastomer Thermo Mechanical Treatment Attritor Mill Stereo Optical Microscope Data Acquisition Machine Torsional Testing Machine Impact Testing Machine Model Installation for Generator Pump Turbine Centrifugal Pump Teting Installation Vacuum Pump Francis Turbine Testing Installation Axial Turbine-pump Testing Installation Testing Installation for Friction Losses in Piping Geberator Pump Turbine Installation Fluidization & Fluid Bed Heat Transfer Unit Combustion Laboratory Unit Steam Turbine Simulator Air Compressor, Atlas Diesel f. Laboratorium Mekanika dan Konstruksi Mesin Spectrum Analyzer Beat Frequency Oscillator Transducer Variable Motor Driver DC Motor (Variable Speed) Solarimeter (Kipp and Zonen) Epley Angstrom Solarimeter Sun Shine Recorder Turning Machine Arc Welding Machine Bending Machine Roll-Bending Machine Plate Cutting Machine Edge (Plate) Cutting Machine Sawing Machine Grinding Machine Boring Machine Strain Amplifier Gyroscop Testing Equipment Governor Testing Equipment Vibration Testing Equipment g. Laboratorium Teknik Pendingin Steam Compression Cooling Machine Multi Purpose Channel h. Laboratorium Rekayasa Termal Strain Amplifier Turning Machine Arc Welding Machine Bending Machine Roll-Bending Machine Plate Cutting Machine Edge (Plate) Cutting Machine Sawing Machine Grinding Machine Boring Machine Jig-saw Machine Photo Image Processing Photoelasticiticy Testing Equipment Elasticity Testing Equipment Calibrator Accelerometer Phasemeter Heat Coduction Testing Equipment Torsional Testing Machine Journal Bearing Testing Equipment Convection Testing Equipment Datalogger Deflection Testing Equipment Buckling Testing Equipment Hydraulic Pump Machine Jig-saw Machine Photo Image Processing Photoelasticiticy Testing Equipment Elasticity Testing Equipment Calibrator Accelerometer Phasemeter Balancing Reciprocating Mass Portable Hardness Tester Combustion Engine Machine Schlieren Analysis Machine Gyroscop Testing Equipment Governor Testing Equipment Vibration Testing Equipment Heat Coduction Testing Equipment Torsional Testing Machine Journal Bearing Testing Equipment Convection Testing Equipment Datalogger Deflection Testing Equipment Buckling Testing Equipment Hydraulic Pump Machine Spectrum Analyzer Beat Frequency Oscillator Transducer Variable Motor Driver i. j. k. l. DC Motor (Variable Speed) Balancing Reciprocating Mass Solarimeter (Kipp and Zonen) Portable Hardness Tester Epley Angstrom Solarimeter Combustion Engine Machine Sun Shine Recorder Schlieren Analysis Machine Laboratorium Perancangan Mesin Data Acquisition System Dynamic Strain Amplifier Plotter, CalComp A1 size Data Recorder Test Rig for Leaf Spring Testing Test Rig for Disc Brake Testing Test Rig for Wave Propagation in Metal Test Rig Air Spring Testing Prototype of Abrasive testing Test Rig for Badminton Racket Machine Testing MTS Universal Testing Machine Laboratorium Komputasi dan Lab. Gambar Software SyBase Power Designer Drawing Table A3, Rotring PC Computer Software Autodesk Inventor Software ANSYS Laboratoria Teknik Dirgantara Sub-lab. aerodynamics: Wind tunnel 40 x 40 cm, Wind Tunnel 30 x 30 cm, ABC Wind Tunnel, Force balance system, Aerodynamic Data Acquisition System, Druck Pressure Indicator, Airfoil models. Sub-lab. flight mechanics: Flight mechanics simulator. Sub-lab. aeroelasticity: Oscilloscope, piezoeletric accelerometer, signal conditioner. Sub-lab astrodynamics: Yagi Antenna UHF/VHF, Antenna rotator, radio transceiver, PC and tracking software NOVA Sub-lab. aerodynamics: Wind tunnel 40 x 40 cm, Wind Tunnel 30 x 30 cm, ABC Wind Tunnel, Force balance system, Aerodynamic Data Acquisition System, Druck Pressure Indicator, Airfoil models. Sub-lab. flight mechanics: Flight mechanics simulator. Sub-lab. aeroelasticity: Oscilloscope, piezoeletric accelerometer, signal conditioner. Sub-lab astrodynamics: Yagi Antenna UHF/VHF, Antenna rotator, radio transceiver, PC and tracking software NOVA Sub-lab lightweight structures: Force measurement system, Tensile testing machine, Buckling and bending testing system, digital multimeter, LVDT. Sub-lab Aircraft Design, Operation, and Maintenance: Hydraulic system test bench, Aircraft system demonstrator (MIG-21) Laboratorium Teknik Produksi Grinding Machine Turning Machine, B&Oliver Bending Machine, FASTI Radial Drill Machine Rolling Machine, FASTI Sharping Machine, Invionta Grinding Machine, REMA Drilling Machine, Ixion Grinding Machine (Finishing), Turning Machine, Harrison REMA Horizontal Milling, Kunzmann Turning Machine, Harrison Vertical Milling, Klopp Turning Machine, Axelson Arc Welding Machine, AEG 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Universal milling Machine, Milling Machine CNC, MAHO MAHO MH400 Wire Cut EDM, Fanuc W0 Copy Turning Machine, Gallic Injection Mould Machine, 16N Fanuc 15A Surface Grinder, TOS BRH Machining Center CNC, 20A Ceskol Okuma & Howa Tool & Cutter Grinder, Turning machine CNC, Okuma ClarkSon & Howa Table Boring machine, Worner Fanuc P Model G Computer, B13-S Fanuc PmG Fakultas Teknik Pertambangan dan Perminyakan (FTTM) a. Laboratorium Teknik Reservoir b. Laboratorium Geomekanika dan Peralatan Tambang Alat uji Uniaxial Compressive Strength Alat uji Direct Shear Alat uji Triaxial Single Stage Alat uji Triaxial Multi Stage Alat uji Wedge c. Laboratorium Hidrogeologi dan Hidrokimia XRD Gas Chromatography XRF Field Spectrometer SEM Field Radon EDS Field Mercury Analyzer d. Laboratorium Pengembangan Paduan dan Karakterisasi XRD Alat Uji Tarik Alat Uji Impact Vickers Hardness Testing Machine e. Laboratorium Hidro-Elektrometalurgi AAS Bottle Roll Test Work Column Leaching Sekolah Ilmu dan Teknologi Hayati (SITH) a. Electrophoresis Agarose j. RT PCR b. Refrigerated Centrifuge k. PCR c. Fluorescence Microscope l. Spectrofotometer d. Inverted Microscope m. Rotary Evaporator e. Binocular Microscope n. Electrophoresis SDS Page f. Trinocular Microscope o. Manual Microtom g. Stereo Microscope p. Laminar Air Flow h. HLPC q. Laminar Biohaz i. DGCE Electrophoresis Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (FMIPA) a. SEM b. EDS Sekolah Farmasi (SF) a. PXRD b. Spektrum Inframerah atau Spektrum UV-Visible Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan (FTSL) a. Laboratorium Mekanika Tanah Alat uji Direct Shear Alat uji Triaxial UU, CU Alat uji kompaksi b. Laboratorium Kualitas Air AAS c. Laboratorium Buangan Padat dan B3 AAS d. Laboratorium Rekayasa Struktur Alat uji tekan Alat uji modulus elastisitas Alat uji kuat tarik Alat uji keausan Alat uji kuat tekan Alat uji lentur Alat uji puntir/torsi Alat uji angkat Alat uji impedansi PERSEBARAN PERALATAN KARAKTERISASI DI KOTA BANDUNG 1. PPPGL (Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Geologi Kelautan) SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) dengan tipe JEOL seri JSM-35C. 2. Laboratorium Karakterisasi Material, Fisika UIN Bandung Spectrofluorometer (Cary Eclypse, Agilent- Australia) Home UV-Vis Spectrometer Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM & EDXs, JEOL JCM-6000 NeoScope Benchtop SEM-Japan) 3. Laboratorium Fisika, Pusat Survey Geologi (PSG) Bandung. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Untuk mengetahui derajat kristalinitas nanokristalin. 4. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Mineral dan Batubara (tekMira) Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) untuk mengetahui gambaran morfologi sampel. X-Ray Difraction (XRD) 5. Laboratorium Material, Universitas Pasundan Rockwell Hardness test - ASTM E18 6. Politeknik Manufatur Bandung ARL 3460 Optical Emisson Spektrometer (OES) Stereo Microscopy, untuk analisis permukaan dan kegagalan 7. Laboratorium Instrument, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Untuk uji gugus fungsi 8. Balai Besar Bahan dan Barang Teknik Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Energy Disperse Spectometer (EDS) Energy Diffraction Analyser by XRay (EDAX) 9. Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional Powder Diffractometer Four Circle Diffractometer/ High Resolution Small Angle Spectrometer Neutron Texture Diffractometer (FTD/TD) Radiografi Neutron High Resolution Powder Scanning Electron Microscopy Diffractometer (HRPD) (SEM) Triple Axis Spectrometer Neutron Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Small Angle Spectrometer Neutron Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry (EDS) 10. Laboratorium Kimia, LIPI Bandung AAS GBC 903, untuk analisis logam Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, Ca, Mg, Na, Co Spektrofotometer, untuk analisis phosphat, sulfat, nitrit, amoniak, dan kekeruhan 11. Balai Besar Keramik Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) Microscope Binocular Microscope Polarisasi X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Heating Microscope suhu 1500ᵒC Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX) Titrimetri, untuk analisis Cl-, COD, BOD GCMS, untuk analisis senyawasenyawa kimia organik PERSEBARAN PERALATAN KARAKTERISASI DI INDONESIA 1. LIPI Tangerang Selatan Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Fourier--‐Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FT-IR) BET Surface Area and Pore Size Analyzer Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) Cilas Chemisorption Analyzer X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) X‐Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy Differential Thermal Analyzer Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) Nanoplus) NI‐PXI measurements UV--‐Vis Spectrophotometer Optical Spectrum Analysis (OSA) Function Generator Optical Time Domain Reflector (OTDR) Tunable Laser 2. Universitas Gadjah Mada Spektrometer NMR (JNM-ECZ500R, 500 Mhz Super Conductive Magnets) Spektroflurometer Spektrometer UV Vis Microlab Elisa Reader Spektrometer FT-IR Tecan Spark 20M GC MS LC-MS HR-MS HPLC TLC AAS ICPE Mercury Analyser SEM 3. Universitas Indonesia Atomic Absorption Spectrophometer (AAS) Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Mikroskop Fluorescene Mikroskop Digital Mikroskop Polarisasi XRF DSC Hematology Analyser Bomb Calorimeter RT-PCR PCR DNA Sequencer IVC Handling Unit Leica Tissue Processor Unit Invivo Small Animal Imaging Biosep CODA X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Spektrofotometer Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) Brunaeur - Emmet - Teller (BET) Spektrofotometer Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) 4. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry (EDS) DSC - TGA 5. Universitas Negeri Malang Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) DTA X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) AAS Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) Peranan karakterisasi bahan dalam pengembangan paduan/material 1. Quality Control suatu produk, jika ingin memproduksi produk dalam sekala pabrik/industri dilakukan karakterisasi bahan terlebih dahulu (skala laboratorium/skala kecil) 2. Mengevaluasi sifat mekanis dasar suatu bahan sehingga dapat diketahui komposisi bahan yang tepat untuk dipakai dalam design dengan performa yang baik. 3. Memprediksi performa material dibawah kondisi pembebanan atau pengujian. 4. Mencapai / memperoleh data sifat mekanis suatu material seperti strength, stiffness, elasticity, plasticity, tougness & resilience. Instrumentasi karakterisasi bahan digunakan dalam industri metalurgi dari hulu hingga hilir. Dimulai dari pengolahan bahan galian, karakterisasi dilakukan pada sample umpan, konsentrat, dan tailing. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengevaluasi seberapa efektif suatu proses pengolahan bahan galian (kominusi, klasifikasi, konsentrasi). Tujuan lainnya adalah untuk menentukan aksi penanganan terhadap tailing (diproses kembali, dibuang ke lingkungan, atau disimpan karena mengandung komposisi yang berbahaya). Pada bagian ekstraksi, raw material yg telah diketahui komposisinya lalu diektrak melalui proses ekstraksi secara hidrometalurgi atau pirometalurgi. Logam yg dihasilkan dikarakterisasi untuk mengetahui keefektifan proses ektraksi dan untuk memenuhi syarat" minimal sebelum logam mengalami proses refining secara pirometalurgi maupun elektrometalurgi. Hasil dari proses refining dikarakterisasi kembali untuk memastikan kemurnian dari logam atau paduan yg dihasilkan sesuai dengan permintaan untuk proses metalurgi fisik. Pada bagian Metalurgi Fisika, proses karakterisasi bahan dilakukan setelah finishing mill untuk mengetahui karakter dari suatu bahan sudah sesuai atau belum. Jika belum sesuai, maka bahan dilakukan proses kembali. Lalu dilakukan manufacturing atau pembentukan, lalu dilakukan karakterisasi untuk mengetahui kesesuaian sifat kimia, mekanik, fisika sesuai permintaan konsumen.