Biology Guided Reading Worksheet 1-9-12
http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/bioprop/nucleic.html
**Concept 6
1. Explain what is meant by the letters DNA and what its function is.
2. Explain what is meant by the letters RNA.
3. What are the general functions of messenger, transfer and ribosomal RNA?
4. How does RNA function in viruses?
5. Explain the function of ribozymes.
6. Give the three components of a nucleotide.
**Click on the review button
7. Explain the difference in the structure of purine and pyrimidine bases.
**click on DNA and RNA bases.
8. Give the 4 nitrogen bases contained in DNA.
9. Give the 4 nitrogen bases contained in RNA.
**Click on ribose and deoxyribose sugars
10. Explain what a pentose sugar is.
11. Explain what a nucleoside is.
12. Explain what a normal sugar is.
13. Explain the structure of the deoxyribose sugar.
14. Explain the importance of this difference.
**Click on phosphate groups and nucleotides
15. Explain what a phosphodiester bond is.
16. Explain how a nucleotide is formed.
17. Explain why phosphate groups tend to repel one another.
18. How is this significant in the presence of enzymes?
19. What kinds of phosphate groups are considered to be good donors and why?
20. Give 2 examples of energy donors.
**click on nucleotides
21. Explain what is meant by dAMP……and its structure.
22. Explain what is meant by AMP and its structure.
23. Give the names of the following nitrogen bases combined with the kind of sugar it
contains: adenine, quanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil.
24. Explain how the number of phosphates are indicated.
25. Explain the structure of ATP molecules.
26. Explain the structure of dAMP molecules.
**click on DNA
27. Explain the structure of the backbone of a DNA molecule.
28. Explain how the nitrogen bases fit into a DNA molecule and what they do.
29. What are the base pairings in a DNA molecule?
30. Explain how purine and pyrimidine bases associate with each other.
31. What is different about the A-T and G-C associations?
32. Explain what it means for the overall hydrogen bond strength to be additive?
33. Use a real life example to explain how the 2 DNA strands are bonded together.
34. Explain how chemists identify atoms in a molecule.
35. Explain how the carbons are identified in a complex nucleotide.
36. Explain how the purine and pyrimidines are identified in a nucleotide.
37. Describe the 3` end of a nucleotide.
38. Describe the 5` end of a nucleotide.
**click on RNA
39. Describe the structure of the backbone of an RNA molecule.
40. Describe the 3` end of an RNA nucleotide
41. Describe the 5` end of an RNA nucleotide.