7514 Kensington Street
Pittsburgh, PA 15221-3224
U.S.A.
(412) 371-1000
A REPORT FROM INDIA:
A PROCESS OF EDUCATION
by D.K.
Sampath
"VIJAYA"
1,
Alagesan
Ro~dChengalpattu'
(T.N)
INDIA
Prepared
for North American
Conference
Resolut1on~
Montreal.
Canada~ February
Introductory
on Peacemaking
and Conflict
28 -March
5~ 1989.
Comments
Any representation
from Asia would focus on the legal resources
of the
rural poor.
Asia is rural;
Asia is poor.
The one resource Asia has in plenty
is the human resource.
It goes without
saying that the available
resource
should be first
tapped, organised
and developed before other resources
are
thought of.
Lawyers form the skilled
section
of the human resource.
But are
they'human'?
Are they available
to the rural poor?
Only then can they be
looked on as a legal resource for the rural poor.
The Legal Aid Boards in var1ous As1an countries
are creating
an awareness
of the urgency of the need for lawyers to become people oriented,
rather
than
problem oriented.
One of the ways in which th1S ~S atteapted
1n Ind1a 18 to go
to the people and enable them to use conflict
as a social tool.
The mediation
programme of the Tamil Nad State Legal Aid & Advice Board, Madras, (South India)
is promoting
self resolution
of disputes
amongst the rural poor.
MEDIATION:
A word of caution.
When lawyers go to the poor, they have to safeguard
against
the poor being made litigious.
In India,
centuries
ago, the panchayat
(informal
village
court run by elders]
was concieved as a protest
against the
legitimacy
of legalism.
An undue regard for law will
engender a blind faith
in
the l1tigative
processes.
Mediations
is being evolved by our programme as a
countervailing
force tothe excesses of legalism.
It has to go in step with the
creation
of awareness and assertiveness
in the poor.
<DKS)
~ ~ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ~ ~ * * *
O.K. 58mp8th i6 8 member of the
Center Internation81.
Inc.
Intern8tion8l
Council
of the
Conflict
Re6olution
1
MEP rAT I ON -A
1::'ROCI;_$_§ QE_._f:.Q.!)_~e.T..~_Q.N
J.
Medi,";\i:j,oli
j,s
01"1((c:o'f:
th(;? c:or,'f1j,ct
r"esoJ,I"I'ti,c:)li
r.1r-ocesses.
It
is
an
educat
i rig pt-(:J(:(':!!S;~5 't:(:Jo.
A
blr'i ef
r10'te
abou't
the
r-ol e
of
the
mediatc)r:Lr-, th(;?
j::)r-(:)c.~(;?5S o'f:
mecjj,~.'t,j,on
is
pr-esented
in
what
f oIl 1:"1
ws .I
't :Ls :l.";\Ir'I:;)f.~):l'y' t::1
,:,'1
!5(:::)
(j
0 r-, t I"i(:~ e :': per- i e Ii c e
gat her- e d
as a
resLll'\:
o'f:
my
(;~:':rJI:':)!;;Lllr'f!~ t:(:> i:lie~ie
l=)rOCeSSE~s at
VariOL\S
mediation
c: f?n t, r" E's ~'\J
h (:~)
/r' ~") J: W0 J~I,;:.T h f:-!Y ,"I r" E? :l 0 c a 't f:~d i r1
v j, :l 1 age sin
the
s tat e
of
Tamj,l
1'~i:1I:jLl:l ~3C"1Llt:li Ir1dj,a.Th('E!
Tamil
NadLl state
Legal
Aid
and
A (j v iCE'! E:!0 ,,:\r" (:;I:I Ivi",\cllr' .:.'\
s (I r1d :L<:\) I-)<i:\
S 0 ,r' I;)0:\Ii i 5 e (:I
t-:his
P I~0 9 r- a mme
i n 5 (I
centl~E:S
irl
't Ii f.:?st:a't:e.
I't, is
c:orlceived
as legaJ,
aid
oLltside
the
COLIr-'t !E;'ys'tf::)m. J:t, r,.";\5 't:C) t.:)(::::' <:il::)r':il~(::c::L
at:e(j
:Lr1 tile
conte:,:
t
of
the
prol:)lE'rrl
o'f
ac.~c(:::)SS tCi
c,:oLlr"'ts
,f:o/r'
the
I~ur'al
poor.
Tliese
villages
a/roe al:JOLlt :25 too
:::;;(:) /':::m 'fy"(:>m i~,I"IE'! nE.~i::1r-est C:OLlr"t
centres.
In some
cerI1:lr'((c:S', a
10Ii(;:
J,al-vYE)r"
l-VI:"II~~::~:;
0;\5 the
mediatol~.
In
some
centres
a
team
WOF'~::5.
F--OI~ i r,!::.;'t,i::\liCf?!1 ::)
CJr- 4
1 awyel~5
fr'om
the
barat
Cliengalpa't:t:I_1
(T.r~)
,;:I/"id or-Ie
or" t,,'JO J,ocaJ, viJ,lage
elder-s
help
the
dispLl'tants
5E"tt,lE?
't:I")(':!!:i,l~ (:-J:iSI:JLt'tes
a't,
l"ilr'LlpCJlr'Ltr-.
The
ser-vice
is
offE:I"ed
fr-eEo
'f:or"
'thl"eE'
hOLIr-S
ev~,~r-y
sLlnday
at
the
Block
DevE'!:l opmen t (:)1:'f: i c:e PI"f::;:m:i,;::j(:;":::;. 1"1-1('::)i n'ti::\I,;:e aver-ages
two
per- sessi
on,
a hun(.1r-ed
0:\ yeal~.
"I-liE? cf:?ni:r'l:-E! c:(.Jml=-}lf!~t:f.":)t=.;
j,'ts
fiftli
year
in October-,
1988..
A!5 of
liOW ~
({:~LtgLI!5t 1 <it3E3) 'the
i lita~::e
stands
at 485.
About
6(:) 't:o
7(::) rJelr' c: E?rlt: of
t:hl:i:' j, r,t",\~;:e"
r-eacli
the
stage
of
negoti
ati ons.
In the
r"E)S't, 't:/"1f::)lr'e :L5 r1C) r'esl=)orlse
too
tile
r-equest
to
the
otherpar-toY
'to
't:hE'
dj, ~opu't:(."? 't:o
o:\'t't:E~n(j 1::I-le celi'tr-e
;fornegoti
ati ng a
sett:l,emeli't.
OIl ar1 "--"Iver"cll}f? aboLl't:
4(:)
per-cent
of.
the
intake
ar-e
set'tlec.1.
{'i
Ir'(.'?cerl't ((,:valui::\tion
~;hows
th.:\t
aboL\t
'7(:) per-cent
of
the
sett:lE~men't!:;
clt"'e dLlr.:\blE).
Wit:rl
thj,!E; bac~::
1;)r-oLlnd in
mind"
let
LIS
J,OO~:: at
t: Ii (;.') mE:-!c~,i
0:t1':c'r'" 5 1~c.):I,
I:i,' i,li t:h£-? foIl
owj, ng par-agraphs.
Each
diSpl_I't:e
is;
;::tr1 e~':pt-'ession
of
the
personality
of
the
cji!5pLttarj'ts
j,nvol\/r:!!cj
:L'-j it.:.
Th(':,) SO],Ll'l-:j,OI'l may also
bear
the
impress
o'f
tl'le
mfo~cl:L".:ttOI"'.
ElLt't:,
h(:;;) sl'lOLllcl
gLlaF'd
agair!st
thrLls"ting
his
valLtes
on t.:I'le (jj.~5j:)Ltt,"lr!'t.s.
TI'l£o'!re c:l."""f? class
valLles,
caste
values.
TI'leF.e
ct"""e
gt-.C)U!:J val Ll(:;::!:";, I,"",~t:;)ior!a]. va:LLl!:.""'!!:;;. Values
mar~::ing
age,
se:<
or positj.ori
.~.t-.e cAls;o (:Jft.:en see,-].
T his
i!:; c") (j i 'f: 'f: j, c:u:1 't: t, ",,\!:i~::.'v" '::1
:Lu e t";
",,\"" e
a r1
i n t e 9 r- a 1.
par- t
0 f 0 Llrper-SOl-fa 1 j,ty.
It
j,:; imIJo:;E5ible
t:o clj.vor'c:e
OLlr- per-c:eptions
fr-om
OLlrval LIes.
WI;? c:,:\1'1 LISE! '1:I,em '1:0
pl~Clmote
tile
Llltimate
goals
of
the
progr"amme.
~3IJel:L
OLI'I: t:I-1e
ri~JI,'1:
beJ,ie'fs
.:\bOLlt
what
medi,ation
is
and
how on('£'! !::;(;?'t:s abclu.t:
it.
These
be:L i efs
halve
tr-emendoLls
power-.
The')"
!Tlo't:iv,=,.te
'::incj
SU!5'1:,':\in
the
e'fforts
of
the
mediator.
An
Llnfailing
d!"=!'/o'l:ior'l
to
ti-lese
tlf;:,liE!fs
is
r-eqLlil~ed
of
the
mediator-.
These
IJelie-f:s
c:ol'lstii:Llte
the
basic:
philosophy
of mediation.
They
shOLlld
r1o't t:I(,£,!tampel~ed
w:ith:t
liowevel~
in'formal
and
fle:{ible
the
proc:ess
of
mecj j. ai::i 01-,
!Tlay
be.
For
i listanc:e
ar.
el ement
of
c:ompLl:Ls:iorl
01'- pLlliisl-lrr.E~I-I't
shoLI1(:1
neverflaw
a settlement
dr-rived
at
by
r'if:?gotia'tior'rs
'thIP'ou(;jh
a medj, at or-.
If
this
happens
the
foC:LlS
on fl..ltl..l"-f;.~ Ii;\mic:~t)lE1
IP'(;i1:L;i;\t:j.or'1shi~js is
lost;.
A
belief
that
humgn
digr1ii:y
!:5I,oLllc:1
r!f:?V~!". I::ie
a c:,::'\!::;uali:y
j,r1 a\r'lY se'ttlemelit,
a belief
tha't
E~'1E:1n.f",ii 1 LlIP'E..S bLI:i,l (:1 l.1~,) 't:rl(~) Pr-(Jld"-iamme
w:i 11
avoi d need1 ess
,
by
the
j.E>:cer.pts
Natj.Olial
f,,-om
"I"led:ic:\.t.i(:lI-j"
by D.I.:::.Sampath
School
01: Lc\W, Bangc:\lor-e,
India.
under
PLlblic:ation
2
fr-us.tr-atj.orl.
The CE?I-I"l:r-,::\J.j.t:y,jf har-mony
in hLlman r-e1ationsl,ip
is a
co",'e
be]. if"-'!i:.
"',;:\c.t,
impal~.tial
ity,
patience,
Linder-standing,
fairplay
f:.\ncj f:.\ faj.1:1-1 j,n 1-IL.lmarl rl.:~'tLlr-£~, .::-\1J. contr-ibLlte
to the
SLlccess
of
the
med:i.:t.tor""<;:;
e'fi:o/p"t,!o-,.
The
valLIe
commit.ment
has
to be
gener-ated
and I,our-i shE~d by cl~ec:\t j, cln of a sense
of mi ssi on.
F'eopl e
mLlst
tf:.\ll,::
""I;)OLI"t tl,e
w""y
the
di spLltants
ar-e
tr-eated
by one
media't,olp"
'!:he e.:."-\!:-oe
Wj.tl-1 whj,,~h anotl,erITledia.torgets
the
hostile
par-tie!:;
l,ego.tic\'t.:i.nl:;J,
'the
p,:\.t.iel,ce
of a thir-d
mediatorand the
innovative
s~::ilJ. of arlotl-leril-\ sh~-\pin\:;J
solLltions.
Each mediatordoes
it
a lj.t.tle
d:iffe""erl't,
and t,l,at
is his
own contr-ibLltion.
The
progr"amme
j.s
the
r-ich!~r"
.f:clr- it.
F'eople
tal~::
aboLlt
it.
The
pl~og/~amme
o.f
lTIedic\.tiorl
gl"'-Clws.
A system
of
val LIes
helps
in
bLlildir!g
L,Ij:1 arl
j.magE,' o'f:
the
pr-ogr-c":l.mrtle.
The
ilTfage
infuses
conf i d(;)nce i r!
t.I,!;) mecl:i a.tot-.
Most of thE' di spLltants
per-haps
ma~::e
enqLlir-ies
.:~t)OLlt 1:he medi.:.-\1:0r-:o t-lis competerlcy
and failings
before
they
c\llow
I,:i m °t'.o i l,tr-Llde
i n.to
thei r- 1 i fe.
That
is wher-e
rtledj. a1:or" s IP'el:Jl.lt:~-\.tior!, .c~{r.'£::'fl.lll y bLli l.t LIP by
small
day
to day
a!:ts
of C!:Jrlcer-n fol"'" thf"-'! POCIIP'helps.
If ti-le cl:ispLlt,anot
is satisfied
aboLlt
.the borla fides
c":l.nd si I,c.-:er"i t,y
of the
medi ator-,
it
goes a
1 OI"lg way
in b".' i ri\:;)i ng
forth
spontaneoLls
response
from
hi m at the
stage
when wai vey"s arId col,cessi
ons alp'e call ed for.
1
Someti me!s .tr,e med:i ator(nay h.:\',Ie .to edllcat.e
a j:>ar-ty on
her- r-i ghts
and clar-ify
liOW she
is erltitJ.ed
to mllc:h
mor-e than
what she is
asf.::i ng fol~.
At once,
tile
other.
par-ty
to the
di spLlte
sllspects
the
n1edia1:orof being
pal'.t:lso"!r1 Ol~ even
lac~::ing
in integr-ity.
His
well
established
j.m.:tge woulcJ pl~everi.t
sucr, a SLlspicion
fr-om developing.
Legal
compei:elice
c:ar1 bc~ gelic~I'.':"l.ted i Ii tr-ie poor- onl y if
they
have
corrfidence
:ir1 h:im. A bar.bel~
died
leavinl:;)
behind
a
son
and a
cjalll;)liter-.
Ec:\l::h 1 j. Vf:?d i r) ;::~pc.)I~i:j. 01-1 c1f .the hoLlse.
The br-otheras~::ed
the
!:;:i st.f~lr. t.O V.:\(:.:1.t(;;:).t:he 1-IOI_ISe. ::ilie di d not
~::rlow that
she
was a
heir.t:o her. father-.
(~r-c~c:-:\i:j.I-)g0":11-1aW.:\I~elieSS of
the
r-ight
is the
tlit-eshol
d tasl.::.
Lel)al
l.i 1:1;?1'.ac:,'. Tli(~rl t,he
ai m is asser-ti
veness,
wi thollt
c:1 osi rIg
the c.1oor-.
l-he womali came to t~
med i atorask i ng
f (:Jr- time
to V.:tc.:1te,
bll.t w('"::!rl.tb.:tc: ~:: wi th a shar-e
8f the
hoLlse.
The
br-otliE:'r- nevel~
qL,lesti or1ecj thE!
l:Jolia 'f i des of the
medi atorwhen he
e)-(pl '"::"Ii
rled about, a
dii:\l_ll:;)l-i'L-:E~r-"
':::; shar-e
in
I-Ii ndll
1 aWn
Indeed,
he
decl i r1ed .tLi do so
wI-ICi,I-, I-Ie was as~::~?d .to talo::e some ti me to ver-i fy
fr-om any SOLII'.ce (:J.f Iii s c:hoi c:e i 'f the
claLlgJi.ter- was al so a
hei r- to
her. .father-"
s
!=.'st::.::~t::e. Tlia't
spea~::s ,for- tIle
i triage.
That
speal--.:s for
tr,e f ai th the
pOClr- WCII_tlci i nv(:::!'I:it once they
ar-e sati sf i ed aboLlt
the
bona f i cjes.
J:t j, s a gr-ec1t heJ, p to the med i ator.
The consensus
of
the
di spLI.tarits
does not
l:l mi t t,he
scope
(:Jf the
medi ator'
s tasJ.::.
He is
to see
1::hat a
liego1: i c\1:fo:?dse't't 1 emelit
appr-o)-( i mates
to any
decr-ee
tli.3.t the
j:lar-t i es woLll ci gE~t
in
a
COLIr-t
of
law
if
they
1 i tj, ga.t:e .for- tliei r- I~i ghts.
Th,:\t af'ft")r-ds
a test
for- the
meaSLIr-e of
tlieir'
r-igh.ts.
They aJ~e rIot to be the
loser-s
forhaving
opted
formed i at ion.
Th i s
aj:.')~")r-oacl-1 WOlIl d r-edLlce
ar-bi tr-ar-i ness
and ensure
fair-
play.
r.t is .the merJia.to,"':'s
r'E!spon!::iibility
.t',o erlSLlre
that
no party
feels
done OLlt
o.f eql_I,j.'ty
Ol~ fair-rless
0("' jLlsi:ice
as a
result
of the
nego.tiatecl
sett.lement..
Fair"
play
irl the sense
of straight
forward
jLlstice
has
to
irlfOlr'lT1
the
negotj.ations
and
conclLlsion
of a
settlement.
Tile C:1~afting
o.f the compromise
is essentially
in the
hands
of the med i atol~ as tile
pari: i es,
of ten poor
and i gnor ant.
do
3
r}(:)'t ~::nCJ""1
"th(;z sj.l;jrli-f:ic,,:iJ,c:e
01: sl,ades
o.f meaning
of the
words
used.
S:i mpl e,
st.r-i::i:i ~)I,.tforwi:\r'cl
l,3rl!;juiE!g(;z I.::nown
to both
parti
es is a
safeguard
agaj. ns.t
a
se.tt]. ement
r.:r-eatj. ng
fresh
probl ems.
Sei:t:lemer-,t
is
CJI,ly .thE~ t>egi"I,irig
of the
r-appr-ochement;
it
is the
implemer,.ta.tj.(:)n
th,,":\t .test.s
tl,e
change
j.n
the r-elationship.
Ih a
m(~dia'tion,
I'L1body
Wil'S,
rioborjy
loses.
TI,at
ma~~es implementation
easi e'~. The coml:lr-omj. s;!.'?has
t:L1 br::~ so wor-ded
tl,at
no
success
is
spel t
CJI_I.t by
ei t:l,er"
P,:lr-.t:,I.
Concessi
01,5
have to appearto be
bal. anced.
V,"o\guel'(i:~SS I,as to be avoi ded.
Cl eal',
si mpl e
wor-ds have
to spell
Clu.t t.I'E~ ':II:il ig,3t.ior!
L1.f each pa,~ty
under
the settlement.
A
si tuati
ori wher-e orle paJ~.ty I,as
per-for-med
whi 1 e
the
other
party
defaLll.ts;
may', i.f pO5~:;j"tlle,
b(;? c!vclided.
A woman
cc:~me to
the
medic:~tor
seel,::irlg
lij,S
help
in recovering
a
half
shal~e in cl h(:>me irl M",'\dlr'cl!:i. I-ler husbalid
died
possessed
of it,
intestate.
Long
years
ago
he
as~::ed
her consent
to ta~::e on a
secol-,d
wi f(~. By therl
'tliey
had
':1 daLlghter.
He wanted
a son and
hence
a
secolid
w:i f~?
51iE" r"ef ui=.;&;"d. I-le Wf?lit ahead
wi th 'the choi ce
o'f 'the bri de 'tlil:lLlgh he ~::r1ew tli.:-\t I a~'/ prohi bi ted a second
marri age
I.-JithOLl't a
divol~C~?
~3Ii£\? l£i!'f't t:lif?
home c:~nd went to live
with
her
aged mother-'.
1-1e li,:'td 't~'JLI c:liildreli
by his
"second
wife"
by the
time
he diecj.
A.f:'tF:!r- his
dE?i-l'th, t.:Ii £:! "!:-:;ecorld wj,fe"
and her two children
sold
.:Iway 'I:h(e I'1C)Ll!Sej,l'1 Ivlc'\dJr'.:\!:;, igrlor-irlg
the
first
wife
and her
daLlgliter-'.
WheJi ti-le j:>ar-t j, es negoti ated
tliroLlgh
the med i ator
a SLIm
of Rs. 35(:1(:)(:>.(:1(:>I.-Jas agr"eed
'to be paid
by tile
"second
wife"
to the
fir-s.t
wj.fe
al-lcj hel~ (:Jc:ILlghi:c-?r". '-hat
was b,,'1sed on the price
paid
by
the pLlrchasel~
and the
fact
tha't
the
so-call
ed
"second
wi fe"
had
no ~51,ar-e,
hE"I~ mc:\r"r-j,agE? bej.ng
void.
l-Iel'" children
throLlgh
him were
he:irs
at :la~'/. "'he first
wife
was very
p":\I~ticLllar
aboLlt
immediate
paYlTlerit to her-.
'-hi s ~'"as seen 'to be I~easonabl
e as the
other
party'
had aJ,l~eacly c:(:illE!(:'te(j
'th(e
f:)li'tire
pl~icE"
,fr(:>m the
bLlyer.
A short
tj. me 1 j. 01j.'t
and a defaLll t cl aLlse to treai:
tile
compromi se as at an
en(] were
fi:<e(j
t)y cor1se,-,'t aft:,er
rlegotiatil:>ns.
No
money was .paid
in
tj,mE'!.
'-he
cle.faLIJ,'t.j.ng
I:>ar-'t.:y
was irjformed
tliat
tile
offer
to
accept.
the
S.tipl_IJ.ated
!:.,:;Llirl in
fLlll
C~Llit
was
terminated.
She
appear-ed
ar-,cj I=lr-~?ssed the
o1ediatorfol~ e:-:telision
of time.
The
re..:\SClli 'fOJ'" ,:if;:!fal_l:l't
I.-Jc\!":5rlo't
t:o't.:,::\:Lly
LlnCOJiVincing.
Legal
norms
WOLIId rIot
C(:>Llnt£\?rlanCE' .tlie
best
(:>1-: reasons
as
the
contract
was
clear"
cll-l(j !:;E'lf c:ol'1ta:ir1ec:l.
J:'t 1.,/,,:\':::;
e:,:plained
by the
meaiator
how a
r,egoticlti:?d
!:;f:!t.tll"",meni:
c:arl tl('!:~r"f?openf:?d onJ,y by negotiation
and not
by the
media.tor
on
his
owr1.
F'arties
wel~e
invited
to negotiate
afresh
orl
.the
C~Llest i orl
o'f
'f:LII'"'ther
ti me.
The first
wi fe was
geliel'"OLls
en(:>l"tgh to agr-'ee to a short
e:,: tensi on. Money was
pai d as
per the
r"E'vi !:5ed ti roe 1 i mi t.
A r-eg j, stered
sal e deed was e>:ecuted
to the './elic:lee by 't,he f i roost wi fe.
BIle di d !iOt i nsi st on
her poun,d
of flesh.
I.f she
r,ad treated
the
se.ttlement
as
at
an
end as a
,
r-'esLtl't
of the
defaLll t, of the
o'ther
party,
she WOLll d
have gone to
COLtrt for
j:lal'"'t i:t ion alid
mi gh't, have gai rled in terms
of the
val LIe
of her hal f share
in the hoLlse.
BLlt her spi ri t
of gi ve
and taJ.::e
sLlrvived
tile
Jiel:;jot,j.a'tioliS
and set't,J.emerl't
and salvaged
it
too.
Ther-'E~ is
n(:> 'fir!ality
in mE)(:j:L.:,.t~:ion!, it
is said
in detraction
of
the I:>rogramme.
BLlt.: t.:Ii erl j:)er"SLlasj, on ai ms at change
of mi nd.
Where
is trle
f:i n.:.il j, 'ty :i 1'1 i't ';,\ Tliere
are
many e:<ternal
real i ti es 1 i j..~e
c:ommerlt,s I:>y ot.rIE?r"'Z';:I c:\~:Ij:lrovC:'tl Dr
rJisc:lppr"oval
swaying
the mind
afterthe
sett,lement.
The
med:iator
$;h(:>Llld be prepared
to take
them on wheli trle
COliSG!rISLI9; is
thr-eai:erled.
Is
aliything
final
in
4
hLlmc\n
effort
'?
r't:
i 5
rlcJ't: c\r!d ca/"1l"lo'l:: rJe a orle sho't acti vi ty.
Mediatio/"1
is a corlotiriLtirJI:;)
j::1Iroocess. "I-I,e
s;lgrli'ficaJ-,ce
lies
in the
fact
that
they
come to 'the mecjjoator
ag~-\j, /"1 t,o I'-enegoti
ate.
The sour-ce
of
power- c)f the
mediator-
is.the
initial
consent
of
the
par-ti es
to
avai 1
themsel
ves
of
hj. sassi
s.tance
forthei rnegot i at i rIg
a
SE~tt 1 emE~rl.t:.
S(.,mewhey-e
OIl
the
way the
med i atorcannot
augmeJit
it
.to t:I-1e C:-\l_l.t.:hoy-it:y (J.f ar1
aJr.bitY-atol~
or- tr-ibLlnal
to
Llnilater-ally
ca:tl
fCII~ c:omj:llj.arIC£:'! 01-li:s:[c.18 OJ~ opposed
to the
settlement.
Even if
ther.e
hc:l.d beE~11 110 cJ.(:\I_lse st.ipLllating
for- time
bei ng
the
essence
of
th(~
con.tr-act
(i n the
di spLlte
di SCLIssed
above)
a medi atorWOLll d n(j.t have
had the
aLlthor-i ty to
call
forthe acceptance
of i:lie money tender-Ed
beyond
the
date
agr-eed
Llpon.
In medi ati on
wor-ds mec\r1 wha.t they
say.
l.IJoy-ds r-ef 1 ect
what the
par-ties
negotiated
.for- ar1d
so legalj.stj.c
teclin:Lcalities
ar-e not
to be impor-ted
into
them.
The mecliatoJ~
c\t Sr-iper-LlmbLldLlrwher-e the
di spLlte
was sett]. ed pati f~nt I y lielj:led
the par-to i es to f or-ge a f r-esh
consensus
even aftera br-each
by Olle of
thelYi.
Medi ator
too~:: the
tr-oLlble
of discLlssj.r1g
i:he tf:~I~ms o-f: the set.t.:lemelii:,
what
they
mean
and what
they
do r10.t bE~-f:OY-e.the palr.ties
sigr1ecl
th(~ settlement.
l--Ie has
110 powers.
It is a diof-ficllli:
r-olE=, 1:1-lf:;:- mf~(j i a1:0".;o s t a!:; I.::n
of
Yet he
t-,as to
w:i n c)Yel~O i:he d:i~:;I:>L{1:ing par-.t.j.f:.:'S to .the c:oncept
s.tar1:E'!!d
011
r!ego.ti
a1:i
ons,
cl
inch
an
conciliation,
get
-them
irl!p:I.E.~mer!.t:at:ior1.
All
l.-Jit.hoLlt
threat,
agreement
and
see
-tc) thE~
()I,..
D()E-!S
:it
~5(:)Lllld
impossibJ.e
~:'
Well
it
is
inotimidation
COlr comrJl\lsi
being
donI'? all
the t:ime.
D
Samoath
THE TA~IL
NADU LEGAL AID & ADVICE BDARD
Chengalpat
SC :
ST :
BC :
Scheduled
Class
Scheduled
Backldard
Tribe
Class
Farldard
Oct.,
tu
District
1983 to Dec.
Analysis
1987
of Data.
ANALYSIS OF INITIATORS
Class
~C49"1.
--STl.O%
..FC
44"1.
BC
SECONO GROUP OF 100 OISPUTES
6 .0"1.
~
SC:
Scheduled
Class
ST:
Scheduled
Tribe
BC:
Backward Class
FC:
Farward
THE TAMIL. NADU LEGAL AID & ADVICE BOARD
Tiruporur
~6di8tion
Centre
Chengelpattu
District
Oct.,
19B3 to Dec.
19B7
Analysis
of Data.
!
ANALYSIS OF INITIATO~5
Class
BC 78.95%
,
TK.IRO GROUP OF 10Q OISP~TES'
ANALYSIS OF INITIATORS
SC
:
Scheduled
ST
BC
:
:
Scheduled
Tribe
Bac k \&/ard Cl ass
FC
:
For\&/ard
-
THE TA1'1IL NADU LEGAL AID & ADVICE BDARD
Tiruporur
Mediation
Centre
Chengalpattu
District
Oct.,
1983 to Dec. 1987
Class
Analysis
Class
of Data.
SC
--- 46. 24"t.
~_1~
/
...
"..
f
L "
\
JI~
",
~~:~~~~-
~-':;1
-ST 2.15i.
~.:.38i.
1
::
,~'I"~4'
Iii
_.~6.24i.
FOURTH GROUP OF 10D DISPUTES
i
"""'-'""""""?c
~
111.
~"
~{!
Response
'---
.00
0
Settled
1
100
3
THE TAMIL NADU LEGAL AID & ADVICE BOARD
Tiruporur
Mediation
Centre
Chengalpattu
District
Oct..
1983 to Dec. 1987
Analysis
of Oat~-
2
DISPUTES IN EACH GROUP
-
b
j
r
-
"",,~I
~
I;
I
~
J
-","',,-
~
THE TAMIL NADU LEGAL AID & ADVICE BDARD
Tiruporur
Mediation
Centre
Chengaipattu
District
Dct..
1983 to Dec. 1967
"Analysis 0'" Da'ta.
INTAKE ANPLYSIS
SECONO GROUP OF 100 OISPUT~S
,""",,c,'[;,","-" "AVC"""_,,-~~,,,..t
Ji:o::"~-J
,
~j
~
THE TA~IL NADU LEGAL AID & ADVICE RDARD
Tiruporur
~ediation
Centre
Chengalpattu
District
Oct..
1983 to Dec. 1987
Analysis
of Data.
INTAKE ANALYSIS
IPlPlOVABLE
PROPERTY
31%
PlOVABLE
PROPERTY
-
7.0%
...;;;.~~-_. -
;:..-="T.:;;;;;;::;~-..~".
j
~).i':..
THE TAMIL NADU LEGAL AID & ADVICE 80ARD
Tiruporur
Mediation
Centre
Chengalpattu
District
Oct..
1983 to Dec. 1987
Analysis
of Data.
INTAKE ANALYSIS
,
,
!!c:i
',."
''.\\;
it:
lJ!
c1}..
t~
111
-
,
..
,""""","",
i
,
"
;~;
~
,,1
~1.~1[
,..c
}
;;
TAMIL NADU LEGAL AID lit ADY[CI BOARD
1JRUPORRURX[D[.t TION CENTRE
1~:B3ga$
SET1l.Em~
.,~
..r!
~ ~
~OO
.00
"
I
~
"0
,0
,~i!
80
'i..,I;
00
4;r
2.0
i
0
!"
c
"
l
f
100 DtSPLrrE:'S
EACH'
!','
NO Qf SBTTL~MlN'S GO IO~N AS ~OVABL~
;j~
t
Jt~
PROPERlY DISPUTES mCREASE IN THE mT AL
OO&.I:E
{
"'
:".c;;;,.,:~
,,',
"'-'1 -.,)
.1
,
:
:'
.J
-'
,I
,
_,-
,;,~'
.,.
I
,;;
'I
I
"
1
i;f
r
Ljill...lj!l"""""'~"""""C-F"'"
f.
~;'
~4