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NORTHERN CARIBBEAN UNIVERSITY
College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Allied Health and Nursing
Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Science
BIOL 335 – Marine Biology (Spring 2019)
Unit Exam 1 – Principles of Marine Science (Chapters 1-4)
Student Name: ____________________________ Date: February 4, 2019
Score: ___ ___
Instructor: Dwight D. F. Rose, MSc.
Section: A
86
Section A: Short-Answer Questions - Answer each of the following questions by writing the appropriate
response in the space provided.
[43 marks]
1. Define Marine Biology.
[1]
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2. Marine life represents a vast source of human wealth. List six (6) things that marine environments
provide for human wealth:
[6]
a. ___________________________________
d. ___________________________________
b. ___________________________________
e. ___________________________________
c. ___________________________________
f. ___________________________________
3. List two (2) things that revolutionized the field of marine biology.
[2]
a. ___________________________________
b. ___________________________________
4. List and describe two steps used in the scientific method.
[4]
a. _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
b. _______________________________________________________________________________
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5. List the four major oceans that comprise the world ocean:
[4]
a. ___________________________________
c. ___________________________________
b. ___________________________________
d. ___________________________________
6. Label the following diagram of the earth’s
A. _____________________________
B. _____________________________
C. _____________________________
D. _____________________________
crust.
[4]
7. The continental shelf is said to cover 8% of the ocean’s surface area and is biologically the richest part
of the ocean. Account for this phenomenon?
[3]
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8. The Mid-ocean Ridge is the largest geological feature on earth. What is the mid-ocean ridge?
[2]
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9. Scientists who study forms of marine life from the past usually obtain fossils not from the sea floor,
but from areas that were once undersea and have been uplifted onto continents. Why?
[2]
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10. Most Tsunamis (Waves that kill) occur in the Pacific Ocean. How would you explain this?
[2]
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11. Water is a ubiquitous and unique compound on the planet. State three reasons for this?
[3]
a. _______________________________________________________________________________
b. _______________________________________________________________________________
c. _______________________________________________________________________________
12. Define the term salinity.
[1]
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13. Why is the surface layer of the ocean known as the “mixed layer”?
[2]
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14. What causes wind?
[2]
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15. If you owned a seaside home and a bad storm brought heavy winds and high surf to your coastline,
would you prefer it to be during a new moon or a quarter moon? Explain.
[2]
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__________________________________________________________________________________
16. During the day, algae carry out both photosynthesis and respiration, but at night, when there is no
light, they can only perform respiration. Small, isolated tide pools on rocky shores are often inhabited
by thick growths of seaweeds, which are algae. Would you expect the amount of oxygen in the water
to differ between night and day? Give a reason for your response.
[3]
__________________________________________________________________________________
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Section B: True or False Statements
[29 Marks]
Instructions: Circle either T (true) or F (false) for each of the following statements. If the statement has
an underlined word that makes the statement false, replace the word with the correct one in the space
provided. Each statement is worth 2 marks.
1.
2.
3.
4.
T or F
T or F
T or F
T or F
5. T or F
6. T or F
7. T or F
8. T or F
9. T or F
10. T or F
11. T or F
12. T or F
13. T or F
14. T or F
15. T or F
16. T or F
17. T or F
18. T or F
19. T or F
20. T or F
21. T or F
22. T or F
23. T or F
24. T or F
25. T or F
26. T or F
27. T or F
28. T or F
29. T or F
Geology represents the scientific study of the oceans. _____________________
In deduction a scientist starts with a series of individual observations. __________________
Items represents observations/measurements collected during an experiment. _____________
A theory describes what nature does under certain conditions and will predict what will
happen if those conditions are met. ___________________
Oceans cover approximately 80 percent of the globe. ________________________
The Pacific Ocean is the second largest ocean. _______________________
The lithosphere is the denser, more plastic layer of the upper mantle on which the
asthenosphere floats. _____________________ ______________________
The mantle is the outermost layer of the earth. _____________________
The continental crust that makes up the sea floor is mostly made up of basalt. ____________
Sir Alfred Wegener (German geophysicist) proposed the first detailed hypothesis of
continental drift in 1912. He suggested that all the continents had once been a single
“supercontinent” he named Panthalassa. __________________________
Most continental rocks are of a general type called basalt. ___________________________
The northernmost wind patterns are known as westerlies. _______________________
The downward movement of the plate into the mantle is called subduction. ______________
A rift is a crack in the earth’s crust usually formed when two pieces of crust are moving past
each other. __________________________
All matter is made up of elements. _______________________
Water molecules are held together by polar covalent bonds. ________________________
Including atmospheric pressure at sea level, a diver at a depth of 62 meters is experiencing
approximately 6.2 atm of pressure. ___________________
A thermocline is sudden changes in temperature over small depth intervals. ______________
Under the influence of the Coriolis effect, the wind-driven surface currents combine into
huge, more or less circular systems called trade winds. ___________________
Plants and many algae produce a structural carbohydrate called chitin, the main ingredient of
wood and plant fibers. _________________________
Organisms transfer energy between different molecules using ADP. _________________
Organisms that are capable of photosynthesis are called autotrophs. __________________
The basic structural unit of life is the organism. ___________________
Animal cells, unlike plant cells have a cell membrane. ____________________
Organisms made up of multiple cells are called prokaryotes. ____________________
The fertilized egg is called the embryo. _________________________
The process of mitosis produces gametes, while the process of meiosis produces daughter
cells with copies. ___________________ ____________________
Budding, fission and clones are perfect examples of asexual reproduction. _______________
When molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration, the
process is known as osmosis.
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Section C: True or False (with explanation)
[14 Marks]
Instruction: Circle either T (true) or F (false) for each of the following statements - give an explanation
for your choice on the lines provided. Note: marks are given for the content and quality of your
explanation and NOT for answering true or false.
1. T • F Marine Biology is a separate science from mainstream biology.
[2]
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2. T • F Marine life always has a positive interaction with human beings.
[2]
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3. T • F According to modern science, the earth is approximately 2.5 billion years old.
[2]
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4. T • F Earthquakes tend to cluster near the sites of ridges.
[2]
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5. T • F As seawater gets colder it usually becomes less dense than warmer water and tends to float in
the ocean.
[2]
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6. T • F Molecules  Cells  Individuals  Communities  Ecosystems.
[2]
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7. T • F The three macronutrients are salts, minerals, and amino acids.
[2]
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