Author: M.Hemalatha,
M.A.English,
K.S.R.College of arts and science(Autonomous),
Tiruchengode. hemalathamba24@gmail.com.
8838019740.
Literature and Reality:
Literature is an art more than giving pleasure it express the society and reforms it.
Literature functions as two .One as a critic and other as a reformer. The necessity of literature will be there always to show the cultural values of the age and the society. Writing is a universally accepted and appreciated art form. Hudson, a very important person in deriving the history of literature has given his comment on literature. “I have said that literature as a whole grows and changes from generation to generation. This means that, as each age has its own particular way of thinking and feeling about things”.
Women in dependence:
Woman is the important part of the society. The active part of woman is always needed for the society. There are still changes in the society from age to age. The cultural changes is also there to give more freedom for a woman in the society. According to her gender categories as a sister, mother, wife and someone to a man or woman, her importance varies in the society. More than independence her dependent on a man or a woman in the society

determines a lot about her value in the society.The discrimination is there in the society right from the beginning in the society. From day to day the strong attitude in women is reflected in literature. In beginning male domination is inculcated in her.
Stand for herself:
Everything started to change when a woman decided to express her feeling through her writings or through anyother forms. Day by day there is a development of positiveness among women to grow higher level. Right from the beginning the superiority of a man over a woman is emphasized. On the other hand woman must be dependent to her father. Later this unending oppression bring the quest for identity. Like embryo in mother’s womb to a baby, the independent woman society is born. Through literature many men are there to brought up the society. R. K. Narayan, Mulk Raj Anand laid the foundation for this.
Kamala Markandaya is undoubtedly the sun-riser for the women world in India who painfully expresses the sufferings of women. In the nineteenth century fiction becomes the most powerful expression of women sufferings and their empowerment.In the writings , women characters are not depicted as compressed under male supremacy but they miserably fell into their confused situations. They emerge successfully from their emotional turmoil and the prevailing problem. They let their women characters to suffer, face the problem, adapt to it and to find a solution for it with emotional stability. These characters undergo problems; they get molded and finally they become powerful. In general, write about the women’s love, marriage and their family.Anita Desai had her own way of expression through the psychological sufferings of women.Her characters shows off the inner urge for the identity as a woman. Feminisim is a range of political and economic movement which have the common goal that is to define, to establish and to achieve the social equality of sexes.There are sufferings in the society, In each suffering women are finding great ways to get over that.
So, from age to age it brings the new definition for feminism.
What is about being independent?

Being a human everyone is dependent of someone’s care, affection and values.
Independent means one should take care of his or her life in her own way. Life is of memories and values. While considering females, they are taking care of their family. From the beginning women are not allowed to think more than a margin. But later the marginal suppression of a woman changes. At least few men were there to have a broad view about equality. We are able to draw a chart from the beginning to now there women writers plays the crucial role for the development of women. Education in the country stands feminized.Education gives the base for literature. Till 1940’s woman writers stands on a side which is not related to them. But at the present time women have lot to say, lot to write and lot to express. Women would now be articulating the skills they learned.
Present-day world:
Before 1947, writers wrote about independence. Later there was a immediate emergency of feminism. In 1990 onwards globalization and liberalization ideas emerged. Women writers were growing up in this period between 1940s-1990s. Woman started to spread in public sectors. They started to question for the economic values. This leads to the writing of bold statements, more than celebration they started to complain about economic policies.This is second generation women, who are all aware of their rights. Women started to shifted from feminism to rethink their role in the society,family,economy,career. Writing gives satisfaction to the middle class people for their earnings. Writers became a middle-class phenomena. So they remain and sullen in their work. Women no other go started to write being a middle-class women. From 2000, the political turmoil increases. This made women to think about politics Violence against women started to increase in these last 20 years. These issues bring a very unique dimension of feminism. Women should be economically strong. There women started to give preference of their identity.Woman started to settle in another country and started to write in diasporic way. As the middle class woman in 1960’s started to get a good economic background and after well equipped started to write with great stuff for the need of business field.All the sense of insecurity and perception brings the need for economic

values. Women become extra conscious about their career. This affects the actuality of women that they are soft. This new way brought them to hit back.They came to give aggressive and powerful statement. Some dimension also given that this aggression is a positive and negatives in the society.Women used to their writings to change the thinking of people. Some custom system was also broken in the society. Woman started to find more different kind of writing. The society started to expect the aggressive statements. This things are used more and more by woman. Rigid value systems of the society like women going for night-shifts, jobs, travelling started to demolish. Rapes, attacks, violence are expressed in the writings of women. There is a pressure for literacy.They come forward to find the benefit of other woman in the society.
They are not aware of the outside. Writing is of self-reflexivity can be shared with other women. Joining with other people and give their version. Visualization of the issues also helps the feminism and aestheticism. The biggest enemies of women and their wring is orthodoxy. Women have to unite against orthodoxy by evolve the strategy of intellectualizing other women
From Taruma to Bold:
Literature has shown the roles of women evloving from age to age. Speaking the part of women in India, the pioneer was Mahadevi Varma, who was the light of showing women issues in Hindi poetry. Another man was Jai Shankar Prasad who strongly portrays the women in society.Amirta Pritam was shows the supression of women in the Punjabi society.
Kamala Das started to give the soft style of confessional poetry about the exploration of man and woman in the society. The same theme was taken up by other writers like Gauri
Deshpande and Chithra Nrendran.But in the contemporary fiction, the writers like Chetan
Bhagat and Anita Nair portrays the new bossy women in their novels. In One Night@ the
Call center visualize that men and women are equally treated in the society.Chetan Bhagat’s
One Indian Girl is a complete feminism work which has the female protagonist Radika, who came over many struggles and problems with strong attitude and awareness about her life.

The dimension of feminism in literature influences the women in the society to access the situations in their life with great positive attitude. Therefore through literature feminism flourished in the society.
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