Biology Chapter 11 Test Review "Introduction To Genetics"
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1.
___________ are offspring that result from
crosses between true-breeding parents
with different traits.
Hybrids
19.
If one allele for a gene is not completely
dominant over the other allele for that
gene it is called _________ _____________
incomplete
dominance
2.
The different forms of a gene are called
_______.
alleles
20.
9:3:3:1
3.
Do Mendel's principles of genetics apply to
pea plants only or all organisms?
All
4.
During which phase of meiosis so the
chromosomes form tetrads?
prophase 1
In pea plants, the allele for yellow seeds is
dominant to the allele for green seeds. The
allele for round seed coat is dominant for
the allele for wrinkled seed coat. Predict
the possible phenotype ratio of offspring
produced by crossing two parents
heterozygous for both traits=
5.
During which phase of meiosis would
crossing over occur?
Prophase 1
21.
Multiple
alleles
6.
The farther apart two genes are located on
a chromosome, the ______________ (more/less
likely) they are to be inherited together.
more likely
In rabbits, there are 4 different versions of
a gene for coat colors. What pattern of
inheritance is this?
22.
Segregate
7.
Gene maps are based on the frequency of
_________ over between genes.
crossing
8.
The genotypes of the offspring of a punnett
square crossing Tt and Tt are-
TT/Tt/tt
In the P generation, a tall plant was crossed
with a short plant. Short plants reappeared
in the F2 generation because the alleles for
both heights ___________ (disappear/segregate)
when the F1 plants made gametes.
23.
Probability
Gregor mendel used _______ plants to study
the inheritance of traits.
pea
__________ is the likelihood a particle event
will occur.
24.
linked
A heterozygous tall pea plant (_____=
genotype) is crossed with a short pea plant
(_____=genotype). The probablility that an F1
plant will be tall is ____%. Draw a punnett to
show this cross.
Tt
tt
50%
__________ (linked/dominant ) genes are on
the same chromosome.
25.
Medel removed the male parts from the
flowers of some plants in order to ___________
(control/sequence) crosses between plants.
control
26.
2n
11.
How many alleles for a gene do offspring
inherit from each parent?
1
The number of chromosomes in a body cell
(somatic) is represented by what symbol?
27.
How many alleles for each gene are in a
gamete?
one
The number of chromosomes in a gamete is
represented by what symbol?
n
12.
28.
13.
How many different allele combinations
would be found in the gametes produced
by a pea plant whose genotype was RrYY?
What are they?
2, RY, rY
One way meiosis 1 is different from mitosis
is that meiosis produces 2 _________ daughter
cells, but mitosis produces 2 ________
daughter cells.
haploid
diploid
29.
Identify the phenotype of the offspring
represented in the square with the
genotype of Rryy.
round/green
An organism's gametes have _______
(half/double) the number of chromosomes
found in the organisms body cells.
half
14.
30.
heterozygous
If 2 genes are on the same chromosome
and rarely assort independently, the genes
are probably located (close to each other/
far from each other).
close to each
other
Organisms that have two different alleles
for a particular trait are said to be
________________.
31.
homozygous
16.
If an organism's diploid number is 12, its
haploid number is _____.
6
Organisms that have two identical alleles
for a particular trait are said to be
____________.
32.
If an organism's haploid number is 6, its
diploid number is ______.
12
The phenotypes of the offspring of a
punnett square crossing Tt and Tt are-
tall/short
17.
33.
If a white hen and a black rooster produce
an erminette color offspring what type of
inheritance would this be known as?
codominance
the principle of ___________ _____________ states
that during gamete forming, _________ (genes
or tetrads) for different traits seperate
without influencing each others inheritance.
independent
assortment
genes
9.
10.
15.
18.
34.
The principle of ___________ states that some
alleles are dominant and others are
recessive.
dominance
35.
The principles of _____________ can be used to
predict the traits of offspring produced by
genetic crosses.
probability
36.
___________________ refers to traits produced
by the interaction of several genes.
polygenic
traits
37.
Roan cattle show codominance for their
hair. There are alleles for red hair and white
hair. WHat would you expect a
heterozygous roan bull to look like if the
trait showed incomplete dominance
instead? (white,red,pink,spotted)
pink
38.
A tetrad consists of a __________
(homo/heterozygous) pair of chromosomes
each made of ______ chromatids.
homozygous
2
39.
Thomas Hunt Morgan chose to study fruit
flies because they produced a (small or
large) number of offspring very (slowly or
quickly).
Large/quickly
40.
Today, Mendel's factors that determine
traits are called _________.
genes
41.
Two plants have the following genotypes
TT and Tt.What would their phenotypes be?
Tall
42.
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the
formation of _______ genetically __________
(diff/identical) __________ (hap/diploid) cells.
4 different
haploid
43.
Variation in skin color is an example of
__________ __________
polygenic
traits
44.
What process is shown in this figure (shows
chromosomes _________ __________ during
meiosis)
crossing over
45.
What two factors determine the color of
the western white butterflies?
Temperature
(enviorment)
and genes
46.
When Mendel crossed plants that were
heterozygous dominant for round yellow
peas, he found that the alleles for pea
shape and pea color _______ ____________ to
produce the F2 generation.
assorted
independently
47.
When mendel crossed true-breeding tall
plants with true-breeding short plants,
what was the genotype _____ and
phenotype ____ of all the offspring? Do a
punnett showing what you would possibly
get if the F1 plants were allowed to self
pollinate. What are the genotypes ____ and
phenotypes ____ that result in the F1 cross?
Tt/tall
TT/Tt/tt
Tall/short
48.
When you flip a coin, what is the
probability that it will come up tails?
50% 1:2
49.
Which generation of pea plants was crossed to
produce the F1 generation?
parent
50.
Which generation of pea plants were crosses to
produce the F2 generation?
F1
51.
Which process produces gametes?
Meiosis
52.
Who concluded that traits are inherited through
the passing of factors from parent to offspring?
Gregor
Mendel