AUTOMATIC RATIONING SYSTEM FOR PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION
1
Sanika Naik,2Abishay MathewDaniel,3Theertha Pillai,4Nikhil Phatale, Prof Jaswant Singh Rajput
ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
RAMRAO ADIK INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,NERUL, UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI
Abstract— Public distribution system i.e Rationing Distribution is
one of the widely controversial issue that involves corruption and
illegal smuggling of goods. One reason for this to happen is
because every job in the ration shop involves manual work and
there is no specific technology involved in automating the job.
Involvement of manual work calls a lot of irregularities. These
irregularities or illegal activities are for example - wrong entries
in stock register of shop containing wrong stock information of the
products that is supplied to the public, sometimes there is chance
of distribution of low quality/graded products than the actual
products provided by the Government, also the information
regarding the actual availability of stock quantity in a ration shop
can be falsified. In this paper, we propose the concept of replacing
manual work/job in public distribution system (rationing
distribution system in India) by automated system which can be
installed at the ration shop with ease. In this automated system,
we replace the conventional ration card by smart card in which all
the details about users are provided including their AADHAR
(social security) number which is used for user authentication.
This prompted us to interface smart card reader (RFID Based) to
the microcontroller (AT89C51) and PC via RS232 to develop such
a system. Using such a system, Government would have all
required control/monitoring over the transactions at ration shop.
To involve Government in the process we proposed connecting the
system at ration shop to a central database (provided by Govt.) via
GSM module (SIM900D) and RS232. Hence it is possible to
prevent the corruption and irregularities at ration shop. This
would bring the transparency in public distribution system as
there will be a direct communication between people and
Government through this.
The automatic rationing system, installed at the ration shop
would have three subsections i.e. smart card interfacing to
microcontroller, microcontroller and display, GSM module
interfacing to microcontroller as well as central database
provided by the Government. The person would have to swipe
the card on the system placed at ration shop counter. After that
for security authentication and to prevent card misuse, the
system would ask for the AADHAR number. With the correct
entry of password (i.e. AADHAR number) the GSM module
would send message to central database for user identification.
Once authenticated, automatic rationing system would get
updated information regarding the existing subsidies for the
current user. Further to prevent irregularities in distribution of
ration, Government can provide/supply various products (like
rice, wheat, kerosene, cooking oils etc.) to rationing shops in
the form of sealed packets instead of the sack. The packets size
can be in the following denominations (1 Kg, 2 Kg, 4 Kg, 8 Kg,
1 Lt , 2 Lt, 4 Lt, 8 Lt etc). User can only take the subsidies on
products allotted to him/her by Government according to the
available database records. Central database would be updated
immediately made by the users
II.PROBLEM STATEMENT
Rationing shops are prevalent to corruption and
hence continues to be an inconvenient method
without any security to the users which are mainly
poor people. In this project, we propose the concept
of replacing manual work/job in public distribution
I. INTRODUCTION
system (rationing distribution system in India) by
In this section, we are going to provide a brief introduction automated system which can be installed at the ration
about automatic rationing for public distribution system (PDS)
shop with ease. In this automated system we replace
using RFID and GSM module to prevent irregularities. The
Government in India is having a UID (Unique Identification) the conventional ration card by smart card in which
number system called AADHAR number, which contains all all the details about users are provided including
related information such as address, contact numbers, bank their AADHAR (social security) number which is
account information etc. for every resident in the country. used for user authentication.This project basically
Using the AADHAR number and contact details, the
aims at reducing corruption that is prevailed in the
Government can send a message (SMS) to the individuals,
containing information regarding quality and quantity of ration shops with the means of irregular and illegal
products allotted to him/her in a respective/specific ration shop. activities .
People who are accessing the ration shop for subsidies in the
cost of products would be allotted a smart card (electronic
ration card). This card is RFID based card containing all
information about the users such as his/her AADHAR number,
name and count of family members, their profession, age etc.
III. SYSTEM WORKING
SYSTEM DESIGN CAN BE OBSERVED:
Fig. B) Block Diagram of Microcontroller:
The focus of this paper will be designing a system for
prevention of corruption at rationing system. System
design consists of a micro controller interfaced with RFID
module, GSM module and LCD display. Input is taken
from RFID reader in the form of serial data. This data is
sent to micro controller. Micro controller then performs
valid operation on this data and displays output on LCD
display. GSM module is used to send valid information to
the user in message format.
SERIAL COMMUNICATION
In telecommunication and computer science, serial
communication is the process of sending data one bit at a
time, sequentially, over a communication channel or
computer bus. This contrasts with parallel
communication, where several bits are sent as a whole, on
a link with several parallel channels. Serial
communication is used for all long-haul communication
and most computer networks, where the cost of cable and
synchronization
difficulties
make
parallel
communication impractical. Serial computer buses are
becoming more common even at shorter distances, as
improved signal integrity and transmission speeds in
newer serial technologies have begun to outweigh the
parallel bus’s advantage of simplicity (no need for
serializer and deserializer, or SerDes) and to outstrip its
disadvantages (clock skew, interconnect density).
A) Figure showing Serial Communication
MICROCONTROLLER
The Figure B) Illustrates the working of Microcontroller.
The Intel MCS-51 (commonly termed 8051) is an
internally Harvard architecture, complex instruction set
computing (CISC) instruction set, single chip
microcontroller (C) series developed by Intel in 1980 for
use in embedded systems. Intel’s original versions were
popular in the 1980s and early 1990s and enhanced binary
compatible derivatives remain popular today. Intel’s
original MCS-51 family was developed using N-type
metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS) technology like its
predecessor Intel MCS-48, but later versions, identified
by a letter C in their name (e.g., 80C51) used
complementary metaloxidesemiconductor (CMOS)
technology and consume less power than their NMOS
predecessors. This made them more suitable for batterypowered devices.
RFID
Radio-frequency
identification
(RFID)
uses
electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track
tags attached to objects. The tags contain electronically
stored information. Passive tags collect energy from a
nearby RFID reader’s interrogating radio waves. Active
tags have a local power source such as a battery and may
operate at hundreds of meters from the RFID reader.
Unlike a barcode, the tag need not be within the line of
sight of the reader, so it may be embedded in the tracked
object. RFID is one method for Automatic Identification
and Data Capture (AIDC). RFID tags are used in many
industries, for example, an RFID tag attached to an
automobile during production can be used to track its
progress through the assembly line; RFID-tagged
pharmaceuticals can be tracked through warehouses; and
implanting RFID microchips in livestock and pets allows
positive identification of animals. Since RFID tags can be
attached to cash, clothing, and possessions, or implanted
in animals and people, the possibility of reading
personally-linked information without consent has raised
serious privacy concerns. Fig C) shows RFID card and
EM 18 module(RFID card reader)
Fig C) Block Diagram of RFID Technology:
LCD
Fig. E) LCD
GSM
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications,
originally Group Special Mobile), is a standard developed
by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute
(ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation
(2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile phones,
first deployed in Finland in July 1991. As of 2014 it has
become the global standard for mobile communications with over 902G networks developed as a replacement for
first generation (1G) analog cellular networks, and the
GSM standard originally described a digital, circuitswitched network optimized for full duplex voice
telephony. This expanded over time to include data
communications, first by circuit-switched transport, then
by packet data transport via GPRS (General Packet Radio
Services) and EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM
Evolution or EGPRS). Subsequently, the 3GPP
developed third-generation (3G) UMTS standards
followed by fourth-generation (4G) LTE Advanced
standards, which do not form part of the ETSI GSM
standard. ”GSM” is a trademark owned by the GSM
Association. It may also refer to the (initially) most
common voice codec used, Full Rate.
Fig. D) Basic GSM Module
A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display
or other electronic visual display that uses the lightmodulating properties of liquid crystals. Liquid crystals
do not emit light directly. LCDs are available to display
arbitrary images (as in a general-purpose computer
display) or fixed images with low information content,
which can be displayed or hidden, such as preset words,
digits, and 7-segment displays, as in a digital clock. They
use the same basic technology, except that arbitrary
images are made up of many small pixels, while other
displays have larger elements. LCDs are used in a wide
range of applications including computer monitors,
televisions, instrument panels, aircraft cockpit displays,
and indoor and outdoor signage. Small LCD screens are
common in portable consumer devices such as digital
cameras, watches, calculators, and mobile telephones,
including smartphones. LCD screens are also used on
consumer electronics products such as DVD players,
video game devices and clocks. LCD screens have
replaced heavy, bulky cathode ray tube (CRT) displays in
nearly
all
applications
V. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
-Hardware configuration
A)8051 Microcontroller
B)RFID EM-18
C)GSM SIM 900A
D)Power Unit
E)Serial Communiction
-Software Configuration
1) KEIL IDE
2) Flash Magic
VI. MERITS
• It is cheaper for the customers as it involves only the
cost of the RFID tag.
• It requires less maintenance as compared to previous
methods.
• It is simple to use and easily accessible as it involves a
gsm module which will be connected to every mobile
phone
VII. DEMERITS
The only limitation this system faces is that it requires
constant update of data when new users are added or old
users are deleted.
VIII. CONCLUSION
Using this modern system, we can have better
management of the ration distribution system.
Government can have indirect check on the
availability of the ration to the beneficiary. Hence
this will make the system fare for everyone i.e. the
people above and below the poverty line will have an
equal share of ration which belongs to them. It is
transparent and has control over prices of some
commodities in the open market. Dealers will not be
able to falsify fake ration cards for them. They won’t
be able to increase the prices of goods for their gain
too. This system helps to modernize traditional
rationing and combat corruption up. In this semester,
we mounted the components on the PCB board and
have yet to interface RFID module, GSM module
and LCD display with it and after loading the
program into the micro controller the final project
will be completed.
REFRENCES
[1] Cross Strait Quad-Regional Radio Science and
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(Volume:2 ) Date of Conference: 26-30 July 2011
Page(s): 1054 - 1057 Print ISBN: 978-1-4244-9792-8
INSPEC Accession Number: 1229186
[2] Confluence The Next Generation Information
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International Conference Date of Conference: 25-26
Sept. 2014 Page(s): 485 - 489 Print ISBN: 978-1-47994237-4 INSPEC Accession Number:14721827
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Technologies (Smart SysTech), 2014 European
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