Diffusion
Define the following.
 DIFFUSION:
 SIMPLE DIFFUSION:
 FACILITATED DIFFUSION:
RATES OF DIFFUSION are influenced by what three factors? Also, note if they
are directly or indirectly related.
1.
2.
3.
Tonicity
1. What is TONICITY?
a. Does it have a unit?
b. Does it refer to the solution inside or outside of the cell?
2. Circle the correct answer.
a. In an ISOTONIC solution there is/isn’t a change? There are the
same/more/less number of solutes in solution.
b. In a HYPERTONIC solution the cell loses/gains water. Because of
this the cell shrinks/bursts. In RBC this is called crenation/hemolysis.
There are the same/more/less number of solutes in solution.
c. In a HYPOTONIC solution the cell loses/gains water. Because of this
the cell shrinks/bursts. In RBC this is called crenation/hemolysis.
There are the same/more/less number of solutes in solution.
3. Under each picture, state if the RBC was placed in an isotonic, hypertonic,
or hypotonic solution.
Osmosis
Fill in the blank.
OSMOSIS is the diffusion of ________________ (solvent) from a ____________
concentration of _________ to a ____________ concentration of _________.
Draw arrows to show the net movement of water.
Osmolality
Fill in the blank.
OSMOLALITY is when the number of ____________________ is different
than the number of _______________________ in solution.
1. How many particles do the following molecules break into in solution?
a. 1 glucose molecule in solution = _____________ particle(s)
b. 1 NaCl in solution = _____________ particle (s)
2. Complete the conversion.
a. 1 molal glucose solution = _______________ Osm
b. 1 molal NaCl solution = _________________ Osm
Fill in the blank with either isosmotic, hyperosmotic, or hyposmotic.
Cell is ____________________________ to solution.
2 M NaCl
Solution is ____________________________ to cell.
1 M C6H12O6
Cell is ____________________________ to solution.
1 M NaCl
Solution is ____________________________ to cell.
2 M C6H12O6
Cell is ____________________________ to solution.
1 M NaCl
Solution is ____________________________ to cell.
4 M C6H12O6
Calculating molality, Osm, & mOsm
%

(g/mL)
molality 
osmolality
(mol/L)  x # of particles 
Convert the following to mOsm:
0.36% NaCl
0.45% C6H12O6
0.99% NaCl

milliosmolality
x 1000
Osmolality & Tonicity
Non-penetrating solutes:
Penetrating solutes:
Penetrating solutes do or don’t effect osmolality? Circle one.
Penetrating solutes do or don’t effect tonicity? Circle one.
Fill in the blank with either hyper-, hypo-, or iso-.
____________osmotic cell
300
mOsm
____________osmotic solution
400 mOsm C6H12O6
150 mOsm NaCl
____________tonic solution
____________osmotic cell
0.9%
NaCL
300
mOsm
____________osmotic solution
0.55% C6H12O6
____________tonic solution
____________osmotic cell
300 mOsm C6H12O6
____________osmotic solution
____________tonic solution