ThinkGroup-Share Predict, Observe, Explain P.O.E Analysis 3 Shutter-Door FOLDABLE P O E Predict, Observe, Explain P.O.E Analysis GATE SON GOKOU Predict, Observe, Explain V - MALL BRAIN POOL NETWORKING PACKAGING SOY MILK OPERATION History of the Cell Anton Van Leeuwenhoek Father of Microscope He is a Dutch biologist who perfected a simple microscope. Robert Hooke An English scientist who made improvements in the compound microscope. Using an ordinary penknife he sliced a very thin piece of cork and examined it. In 1665, he published a report entitled Micrographia. I could exceedingly plainly perceive it to be all perforated and porous … these pores, or cells, were not very deep, but consisted of a great many little boxes. Matthias Jacob Schleiden (1804-1881) He was a German botanist. He concluded that all plants were composed of cells. Theodor Schwann (1810-1882) He was a German zoologist. He concluded that all animals were composed of cells. Rudolf Virchow A German physician and biologist. Omnis cellula e cellula (every cell comes from another cell) The works of Schleiden, Schwann and Virchow established the Cell Theory: All organisms are made up of one or more cells. A cell is the basic unit of an organism. A cell arises from pre-existing cells. CELL MORPHOLOGY Plant Cell Animal Cell Cell Membrane The cell membrane is also called the plasma membrane or the plasmalemma. Its differentially permeable property enables it to regulate the flow of materials into and out of the cell through diffusion or active transport. Cell Wall The cell wall is a rigid outer structure protecting cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria and plant-like protest cells. Nucleus The nucleus is the center of hereditary processes in the cell. This is the site where nucleic acids called DNA and RNA are synthesized. Ribosomes Ribosomes are the most numerous cell organelles that are responsible for protein synthesis. Endoplasmic Reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum consists of a series of membrane-lined channels which facilitate transport within the cell. The membrane also serves as a site of chemical reactions. Endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes close to it are rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). Endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes are called smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). Golgi Complex The golgi complex or dictyosome is a cluster of flattened, parallel sacs and appears to be involved in the transport, packaging, and secretion of materials, particularly lipids and proteins. Mitochondria The mitochondria are rounded, or cigarshaped, or elongated organelles which are specialized for energy (ATP) production through a respiration. process called cellular Plastids Food and pigments ae stored in plant cell organelles called plastids. A plastid that contains the green pigments chlorophyll is called the chloroplast. This is where photosynthesis takes place in the presence of light. Vacuoles Vacuoles are found in plant and some animal cells. The content of the vacuole is often called the cell sap which contains ions, waste products, molecules of sugar, proteins, and other organic materials in colloidal suspension in the water form. Lysosomes Lysosomes digest disease-causing bacteria captured by white blood cells and worn-out broken part of cells. Microtubules and Microfilaments The cytoskeleton or the framework of the cell is due to the long, slender protein tubes called microtubules and the fine protein threads called microfilaments. Centriole Animal cells contain centrioles which consist of two sets of microtubular units placed at right angles to each other. they lust just above the nuclear membrane. Centrioles play a role in the assembly of the spindle apparatus, which is an essential feature of both mitosis and meiosis, the cell division process. Predict, Observe, Explain P.O.E Analysis GATE SON GOKOU CELL MEMBRANE MITOCHONDRIA Predict, Observe, Explain V - MALL LYSOSOME VACUOLE BRAIN POOL NUCLEUS CYTOPLASM NETWORKING PACKAGING ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM GOLGI APPARATUS SOY MILK OPERATION RIBOSOME CENTRIOLE Comparison of Animal and Plant Cell Feature Animals Plants 10-20 um 30-50 um Cell membrane Present Present Cell wall Absent Present Nucleus Present Present Ribosome Present Present Endoplasmic reticulum Present Present Golgi complex Present Present Mitochondria Present Present Chloroplast Absent Present Small or absent Usually a single large one per cell Often present Rare Present Present Average size (diameter) Vacuoles Lysosomes Microtubules