Instruction: Self study & test(自学和自测) • Please preview the vocabularies and sentence structures before the class and make sure you understand their meanings.(请同学课前预习词汇和句型,确保清 楚每个词汇,搭配和句型的意思) • Finish the exercise before the class and check the answers by yourself, it will help you understand the usage of the words and collocations. (请同学自学完词 汇和句型之后完成练习并自行校对答案,这对你理解它们的用法很有帮助哦!) • Use the vocabularies and sentence structure as many as possible in your answer when practicing the topic questions in the class so that the teacher will help you check if you use them in a proper way or not. (在课堂上进行话题练习 的时候,尽可能多的使用这些单词,短语,搭配和句型,老师会帮助你正确使用。) 1 Vocabulary 1. global warming 1.地球暖化 2. carbon dioxide 2.二氧化碳排放量 emissions 3. the atmosphere 4. the planet 5. environmentallyfriendly / green 6. a vegetarian 7. care deeply about 3.气氛 4.星球 5.环保 6.素食者 7.非常关心 8. air pollution 9. noise pollution 10. fossil fuels 11. hybrid cars 12. single-use plastics 13. carbon footprint 14. waste electricity 15. recycling 8.空气污染 9.噪音污染 10.化石燃料 11.混合动力汽车 12.一次性塑料 13.碳排放量 14.浪费电力 15.回收 Exercise 1 1. 2. vegetarian planet noise hybrid energy deforestation deeply carbon footprints Animal habitats (动物栖息地) are being destroyed because of ________. Limiting the frequency of driving your car and unplugging your devices when not in use are simple ways of reducing your _______. 3. It may sound ridiculous for some but being _______ actually helps combat climate change. 4. Not unplugging tv even if it’s not in use is such a waste of ________.. 5. Because ________cars run on a combination of gas and electricity, they emit less pollution than gas-only vehicles. 6. According to Forbes magazine the end of the ________ earth will come in 7.59 billion years. Unfortunately, it may come sooner because of destructive natural phenomenon and human activities. 7. Despite the intense campaign for environmental awareness, only a few people care _______about the Earth. 8. Studies show that the occurrence of aggressive behavior, disturbance of sleep, constant stress, fatigue and hypertension are the possible effects of ______pollution to humans. Exercise 1 environmentally- green friendly recycle global-warming single-use fossil fuels emissions 9. Oil and gas are examples of _________. 10. Carbon dioxide ______from cars are polluting our environment. 11.We need to adopt a _______ lifestyle in the future. 12.The ice caps are melting and the seas are rising because of ______. 13.Many companies nowadays are trying to reduce the number of _______plastics they use. 14.Governments need to encourage people to ________more instead of throwing things away. 15.We need to use __________ forms of energy such as solar energy. SKILL In IELTS you need to use synonyms (同义词) because this shows that you have a large vocabulary and you need a large vocabulary to achieve a high band score in Lexical Resource. For this topic and many others, the word ‘important’ is one that you will probably want to use, but you could use these instead… Let’s go… EXPANDING YOUR VOCABULARY vital essential imperative IMPORTANT crucial critical necessary 2 Sentence Structure USEFUL SENTENCES/SENTENCE STARTERS FOR THIS TOPIC Chinese people are becoming more environmentall y-aware (环保 意识). Climate change (气候 变化) is a real issue. We need to protect endangered species (濒危 物种). Many people do not care about protecting the planet though. In my country we have flash floods (山洪暴 发) and heatwaves (热 浪) regularly. We need to protect the earth for future generations (后 人). We have a serious issue with pollution levels (污染程 度) in some of our major cities There are factories that release toxic waste (有毒废料) into rivers and oceans. Basically (基本上), the human race could die out (消亡) if we don’t take action (采取行动). Many animals could become extinct (绝种) in the future. Deforestation (森林砍伐) is reducing the number of trees on the planet. We need to get back to nature (回归大 自然). Exercise 2 Identify if the sentences are solutions for environmental issues or effects of environmental destruction. 1. There are factories that release toxic waste (有毒废料) into rivers and oceans. 2. We need to protect the earth for future generations. 3. Chinese people are becoming more environmentally-aware (环保意识). 4. Deforestation 5. We need to get back to nature. 6. We need to protect endangered species 7. In my country we have flash floods (山洪暴发) and heatwaves (热浪) regularly. 8. We have a serious issue with pollution levels (污染程度) in some of our major cities. (森林砍伐) is reducing the number of trees on the planet. PART 3 – SKILL In Part 3, you need to give detailed (详细) answers and you need to think about fluency and coherence in your answers. Let’s take a look… FLUENCY AND COHERENCE Why are fluency and coherence important? What are fluency and coherence? Fluency is the ability to maintain a flow of language without unnatural hesitation. This band is 25% of your overall grade, therefore, you need to know phrases that make your speaking more fluent and coherent. Coherence is the logical organization, development and connection of ideas Let’s take a look… PART 3 – FLUENCY AND COHERENCE 2. How can we protect the environment? There are a number of ways we can protect the environment. Firstly, we need to reduce the number of cars and motorized vehicles on the roads. Secondly, we need to reduce the quantity of single-use plastics (一次性塑料) we use. For example, we could use cardboard on food products instead of plastic. A further thing we could do is to use electric or hybrid cars (混合动力汽车) instead of cars that use fossil fuels (化石燃料). Think of your answer like a mini essay. Here are some more phrases you can use… Fluency and Coherence Lexical Resource Grammatical Range To Start First Argument Second Argument To Finish Off There are various ways that… First and foremost… Secondly… Finally… There are several ways that… Firstly… A further factor in this is… A final point worth mentioning is… There are numerous ways that… First of all… Another key argument is… A final thing worth considering is… Exercise 3 Use the phrases/ discourse markers to logically arrange the answers to the questions. 1.How can we stop global warming? 2.What are the effects of environmental degradation? humans can do to address that alarming issue frightening impacts of mother earth destruction that can be mentioned we need to get back to nature . calamities are getting worse and more frequent. In my country, we have flash floods and heatwave regularly. governments should stringently implement environmental laws because there are factories that release toxic waste into rivers and oceans. is many animals could become extinct in the future because their habitat are being destroyed. we should all go green. Simple steps such is even the human race could die out if we as switching to eco-bags and conserving don’t take action. water and energy can already make a huge PART 3 – SKILL In IELTS Part 3 there are many questions which ask you ‘Do you think…’ There is a tendency (一个趋势 ) for IELTS candidates to answer these questions with ‘I think…’ IELTS examiners are listening for a range of vocabulary so it is important to use other phrases. Let’s go… PHRASES INSTEAD OF ‘I THINK’ I firmly believe that… As far as I’m concerned… From my point of view… On the whole, I feel that… It seems to me that… I’m of the opinion that… Exercise 4 Replace the phrase I think and the word important in the sentences below. 1. I think spreading environmental awareness is important. 2. I think it will be more plausible to combat global warming if we work together. 3. Teaching environmental protection to children is important . 4. I think the reason environmental degradation can’t be impeded is many people don’t simply care about the planet. 5. It is important to segregate our waste because it’s for public health. 6. Recycling is an important green activity that every household should practice. Homework answers Exercise 1 1. 2. vegetarian planet noise hybrid energy deforestation deeply carbon footprints Animal habitats (动物栖息地) are being destroyed because of deforestation. Limiting the frequency of driving your car and unplugging your devices when not in use are simple ways of reducing your carbon footprints. 3. It may sound ridiculous for some but being vegetarian actually helps combat climate change. 4. Not unplugging tv even if it’s not in use is such a waste of energy.. 5. Because hybrid cars run on a combination of gas and electricity, they emit less pollution than gas-only vehicles. 6. According to Forbes magazine the end of the planet earth will come in 7.59 billion years. Unfortunately, it may come sooner because of destructive natural phenomenon and human activities. 7. Despite the intense campaign for environmental awareness, only a few people care deeply about the Earth. 8. Studies show that the occurrence of aggressive behavior, disturbance of sleep, constant stress, fatigue and hypertension are the possible effects of noise pollution to humans. Exercise 1 environmentallyfriendly green recycle global-warming fossil fuels single-use emissions 9. Oil and gas are examples of fossil fuels. 10. Carbon dioxide emissions from cars are polluting our environment. 11.We need to adopt a green lifestyle in the future. 12.The ice caps are melting and the seas are rising because of global warming. 13.Many companies nowadays are trying to reduce the number of single-use plastics they use. 14.Governments need to encourage people to recycle more instead of throwing things away. 15.We need to use environmentally-friendly forms of energy such as solar energy. Exercise 2 Identify if the sentences are solutions for environmental issues or effects of environmental destruction. 1. We need to protect the earth for future generations. SOLUTION 2. Chinese people are becoming more environmentally-aware (环保意 识). SOLUTION 3. Deforestation (森林砍伐) is reducing the number of trees on the planet. EFFECT 4. We need to get back to nature. SOLUTION 5. We need to protect endangered species . SOLUTION 6. In my country we have flash floods (山洪暴发) and heatwaves (热 浪) regularly. EFFECT 7. We have a serious issue with pollution levels (污染程度) in some of our major cities. EFFECT Exercise 3 Using some of the sentences in slide 10 and your own idea, answer the questions below in a logical order. 1.How can we stop global warming? -There are various ways that humans can do to address that alarming issue. First and foremost, we need to get back to nature . Secondly, governments should stringently implement environmental laws because there are factories that release toxic waste into rivers and oceans. Finally, we should all go green. Simple steps such as switching to eco-bags and conserving water and energy can already make a huge difference. 2.What are the effects of environmental degradation? - There are several frightening impacts of mother earth destruction that can be mentioned. Firstly, calamities are getting worse and more frequent. In my country, we have flash floods and heatwave regularly. A further result is many animals could become extinct in the future because their habitat are being destroyed. A final point worth mentioning is even the human race could die out if we don’t take action. Example answers Exercise 4 Replace the phrase I think and the word important in the sentences below. 1. It seems to me that spreading environmental awareness is important. 2. I firmly believe that it will be more plausible to combat global warming if we work together. 3. Teaching environmental protection to children is imperative. 4. I’m of the opinion that the reason why environmental degradation can’t be impeded is many people don’t simply care about the planet. 5. It is necessary public health. 6. Recycling is a crucial green should practice. to segregate our waste because it’s for activity that every household Example answers English Partner Hope you get a good score in the IELTS exam!