___________ must be measured regularly to identify variance from the plan. A. Project performance B. Stakeholder requirements C. Schedule progress D. Cost and schedule E. Natural hazards ANSWER: A 3 major processes in Project HRM: A. HR planning, Acquire Project Team and Develop Project Team B. Staff recruitment, project staff planning and team building C. Rewarding, team building and penalties D. Staff acquisition, staff training and staff deployment E. Develop Project Team, project staff planning and salary reviews ANSWER: A A bargaining strategy to first establish agreement on the general boundaries of the settlement, then to move toward packages of other agreements that fulfill or implement the general agreement in principle – is: A. Agreement in principle B. Bottom line C. Buyer's remorse D. Constitutive rules E. Conflict episode ANSWER: A A behavior that initiates expression of a conflict episode – is: A. Triggering event B. Mutual gains C. Incremental concessions D. Agreement in principle E. Bottom line ANSWER: A A complex project will fit best in what type of organization? A. Matrix B. Functional C. Cross-functional D. Balanced E. None of the listed ANSWER: A A condition which will lead an organization towards conflict is: A. Conflict of interest, differentiation in organization B. Only conflict of interest C. Only differentiation in organization D. Resolved prior conflicts E. All of the listed ANSWER: A A conflict management and negotiation perspective that utilizes processes to maximize the beneficial outcome(s) for all parties in a dispute – is: A. Mutual gains B. Triggering event C. Incremental concessions D. Agreement in principle E. Bottom line ANSWER: A A cooperative or collaborative conflict where mutual gains occur – is: A. Win-win conflict B. Win-lose conflict C. Strategic conflict D. Interpersonal conflict E. Conflict resolution styles ANSWER: A A document or tool which describes when and how human resources will be brought onto and taken off the project team is called a: A. Staffing Management Plan B. Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM) C. Organizational Breakdown Structure (OBS) D. Resource Assignment Chart E. Organizational Breakdown Plan ANSWER: A A feeling after an agreement is consummated that a person could have negotiated a better outcome – is: A. Buyer's remorse B. Bottom line C. Agreement in principle D. Constitutive rules E. Conflict episode ANSWER: A A form of binding or non-binding third party decision-making – is: A. Arbitration B. Conciliation C. Aggression D. Competition E. Coercion ANSWER: A A juvenile is caught by the police breaking mail boxes in the neighborhood. Which of the following remedies would the restorative justice model recommend? A. Mediation between the juvenile and mail box owners to create a restitution plan B. A stern lecture by police C. Legal prosecution and time served in a juvenile criminal facility D. No action taken on a first offense E. Searching for offender ANSWER: A A more informal negotiation or third-party intervention process with focus on relationship maintenance – is: A. Conciliation B. Arbitration C. Aggression D. Competition E. Coercion ANSWER: A A project is defined as: A. A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service B. A process of considerable scope that implements a plan C. An endeavor, which is planned, executed, and controlle D. An objective based effort of temporary nature E. An endeavor, which performed by people and constrained by limited resources ANSWER: A A project kick off meeting is usually conducted to: A. Setup project team and announce the PM assignment B. To draft project charter C. Build up team spirit D. Define project scope and develop WBS E. Changes in government regulations ANSWER: A A project manager has been overwhelmed with problems on his project. He would like to identify the root cause of the problems in order to determine where to focus his attention. Which of the following tools would be BEST for the project manager to use? A. Fishbone diagram B. Pareto chart C. Conflict resolution techniques D. Trend analysis E. Conflict determination practiced ANSWER: A A Project Manager is at the project kick-off meeting. He confidently states the vision and mission for the project. This PM is exhibiting the following leadership style: A. Charismatic B. Hierarchal C. Authoritarian D. Associative E. Conflict ANSWER: A A project plan is: A. A formal, approved document used to guide both project execution and project control. B. A document issued by senior management that provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities. C. A narrative description of products to be supplied. D. A document describing the organizational breakdown structure of the company. E. A narrative description of services to be supplied. ANSWER: A A relatively definable manifestation of conflict as an event in time within a longer conflict – is: A. Conflict episode B. Agreement in principle C. Bottom line D. Buyer's remorse E. Constitutive rules ANSWER: A A relatively definable manifestation of conflict as an event in time within a longer conflict – is: A. Conflict episode B. Conflict resolution styles C. Face-saving D. Incremental concessions E. Interests ANSWER: A A tool which links the project roles and responsibilities to the project scope definition is called: A. Responsibility Assignment Matrix B. Scope Definition Matrix C. Roles Assignment Matrix D. Project Scope Matrix E. Roles Definition Matrix ANSWER: A A win/lose, power-over, aggressive, style which focuses on self-interest – is: A. Competition B. Conciliation C. Arbitration D. Aggression E. Coercion ANSWER: A Achieving compliance through force – is: A. Coercion B. Conciliation C. Arbitration D. Aggression E. Competition ANSWER: A All of the following are communication tools EXCEPT: A. Inputting data into a spreadsheet B. Memos C. Verbal circulation of a rumor D. Videos E. Body language ANSWER: A All of the following are the responsibility of a project manager EXCEPT? A. Determine the legality of company procedures B. Maintain the confidentiality of customer confidential information C. Ensure that a conflict of interest does not compromise the legitimate interest of the customer D. Provide accurate and truthful represeqtations in cost estimates E. None of the listed ANSWER: A An example of a conflict of interest would be: A. As a public official you make a decision about a contract award that will benefit you personally B. You and a functional manager disagree with a task cost estimate C. Your sponsor decides to cancel your project because it no longer supports the company strategy D. Your personality conflicts with that of a key member of your project team E. None of the listed ANSWER: A An expressed struggle between at least two interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scarce resources, and interference from others in achieving their goals – is: A. Interpersonal conflict B. Strategic conflict C. Conflict episode D. Conflict resolution styles E. Win-lose conflict ANSWER: A An intentional act to cause distress or harm to another being – is: A. Aggression B. Conciliation C. Arbitration D. Competition E. Coercion ANSWER: A Change requests can occur due to: A. All of the listed B. An external event such as a change in government regulation. C. An error or omission in defining the scope of the product. D. An error or omission in defining the scope of the project. E. An external event such as a change in government regulation and an error or omission in defining the scope of the project ANSWER: A Communication is the PRIME responsibility of a Project: A. Expeditor B. Manager in a weak matrix C. Manager in a project zed environment D. Coordinator E. Planner ANSWER: A Competitive conflicts where one person's gain necessitates another person's loss – is: A. Win-lose conflict B. Strategic conflict C. Interpersonal conflict D. Conflict episode E. Conflict resolution styles ANSWER: A Conflict in which parties have choices as opposed to conflict in which the power is so disparate that there are virtually no choices – is: A. Strategic conflict B. Interpersonal conflict C. Conflict episode D. Conflict resolution styles E. Win-lose conflict ANSWER: A Conflict resolution techniques that may be used on a project include confronting, smoothing, forcing and: A. Withdrawing B. Directing C. Organizing D. Controlling E. Forcing ANSWER: A Couples who never engage the conflicts that occur in their relationships: A. Are at long-term risk for relationship break-up B. Have greater relationship satisfaction C. Have longer lasting relationships D. Have higher incomes than other couples E. Have shorter relationships ANSWER: A During the course of a project you have motivated team members, managed conflict, performed personnel administrative functions and negotiated for more resources. These are examples of: A. General Management B. Project Human Resource Management C. Project Execution D. A Projectized organization E. Problem solving ANSWER: A During the schedule development process the Project Manager may have to go through several iterations of the schedule before establishing the schedule baseline. All of the following are tools and techniques that may be used during this process: A. Duration compression, Resource Leveling Heuristics, PERT B. Critical Path Method, GERT, Resource Requirements C. Resource Leveling Heuristics, Mathematical Analysis, Calendars D. GERT, PERT, Leads and Lags E. Resource Leveling Heuristics, Mathematical Analysis, GERT ANSWER: A For a festival, you give your government client a leather brief case. You are in violation of the responsibility to: A. Comply with regulations B. Comply with the law C. Provide accurate information D. Protect conflict of interest E. Comply with evidence ANSWER: A General management encompasses: A. Planning, organizing, staffing, executing, and controlling the operations of an ongoing enterprise B. Business policy, financial management, business economics, contract administration, and legal services necessary for operating an enterprise C. Business strategy, planning and controlling, organizational behavior, procurement, D. Organizational development, staffing, marketing and sales, procurement, and contract administration as part of an ongoing organization E. Business policy, and personnel administration required for managing the ongoing aspect of a business venture ANSWER: A Group brainstorming encourages all of the following except: A. Convergent thinking B. Team building C. Analysis of alternatives D. Uninhibited verbalization E. None of the listed ANSWER: A Gunny sacking is considered a tactic within which of the conflict management styles? A. Avoidance B. Accommodation C. Competition D. Collaboration E. Independence ANSWER: A Herzberg identified factors, which, if present, will lead to increased motivation. A typical factor would be: A. Regular promotions B. Good supervision C. Job security D. Good salary E. A dental plan ANSWER: A How much time does the typical project manager spend communicating both formally and informally? A. 75-90% B. 40-60% C. 50-70% D. 60-80% E. 30-40% ANSWER: A How romantic relationship partners handle their "first big fight" while dating is likely to determine: A. Whether or not the breaks up B. How much money is spent on date? C. If the relationship becomes sexual before marriage or commitment D. What the couple does during vacation time E. The relationship never breaks up ANSWER: A In a win-win conflict perspective, a person should behave in which of the following ways? A. Be concerned about her other person's needs and goals as well as your own B. Let the other person win even if you don't get your own needs met C. Focus on winning at all costs D. Divide up resources using a zero-sum model E. Ask for divorce ANSWER: A In negotiating with functional department managers, project managers often find themselves using what two-party conflict management approach? A. Win-Win B. Lose-Lose C. Win-Lose D. Lose- Win E. None of the listed ANSWER: A In which type of organization is team building likely to be most difficult? A. Matrix B. Functional C. Projectized D. Project expediter E. Project coordinator ANSWER: A Instructions about what counts in the construction of meaning – is: A. Constitutive rules B. Agreement in principle C. Bottom line D. Buyer's remorse E. Conflict episode ANSWER: A Interests sometimes are subdivided into: A. Procedural, substantive, psychological B. Traditional, methodological, elementary C. Subjective, objective, combinative D. Authority, democratical, selective E. Empirical, quantitative and qualitative ANSWER: A Intervention of an acceptable third party who assists the involved parties in reaching their own decision in a dispute is called: A. Mediation B. Arbitration C. Interpersonal conflict management D. Litigation E. Conflict management ANSWER: A Jaimee always gives in to her good friend Rachel when a difficulty arises. Jaimee’s style probably is: A. Accommodation B. Avoidance C. Competition D. Collaboration E. Friendship ANSWER: A Laticia forgets to fill the car with gasoline on her way home from work. When she tells Paulo, he asks for a divorce. In this case, forgetting to fill the car functions as a: A. Triggering event B. Target point C. Gunnysack D. Beltline event E. Funny event ANSWER: A Maslow ranked Human needs from the highest to lowest: A. Self actualization; self esteem; social; security and physiological B. Self actualization; self promotion; social; security and physiological needs C. Self esteem; self actualization; social; security and physiological D. Self fulfillment; self esteem; social; security and physiological E. Self esteem; self promotion; public; security and physiological needs ANSWER: A Patterned responses or clusters of behavior that people use in conflict – is: A. Conflict resolution styles B. Conflict episode C. Face-saving D. Incremental concessions E. Interests ANSWER: A Performance reviews are held to: A. To assess project status or progress B. Correct the project manager's mistakes. C. Provide for answers for upper levels of management D. To apprise the project costs E. To apprise the cost trends of the project ANSWER: A Project management processes can be organized into: A. Initiating, planning, executing, controlling, and closing B. Initiating, planning, contracting, executing, and administration C. Designing, developing, testing, and implementing D. Initiating, designing, planning, executing, controlling, and implementation E. Designing, initiating, implementation and closing ANSWER: A Project scope is: A. The work that must be done in order to deliver a product with the specified features and functions. B. The features and functions that are to be included in a product or service. C. A narrative description of work to be performed under contract. D. Answers A and B E. All of the listed ANSWER: A Projects are initiated in response of: A. All of the listed B. Stakeholder's pressure C. Business needs D. Technological obsolescence E. None of the listed ANSWER: A Reframing is a conflict management skill that does which of the following? A. Puts goals or issues into a larger or more general context B. Restates positions or goals in less ambiguous terms C. Turns a general statement into a specific position D. Blames others for the cause of the conflict E. Restates ANSWER: A System integration consists of: A. Assuring that the pieces of a project come together at the right time, the pieces of the project function as an integration unit B. Only assuring that the pieces of a project come together at the right time C. Planning for contingencies that may occur throughout the life cycle of the project D. Only the pieces of the project function as an integration unit E. None of the listed ANSWER: A Tactics and strategies which permit persons in conflict to maintain a positive image of self, with friends, and with constituents – is: A. Face-saving B. Conflict episode C. Conflict resolution styles D. Incremental concessions E. Interests ANSWER: A The contemporary view of conflict is that: A. Conflict is often beneficial B. Conflict is bad C. Conflict is caused by trouble makers D. Conflict should be avoided E. Conflict is bad and caused by trouble makers ANSWER: A The critical element in a project's communication system is the: A. Project manager B. Progress report C. Project directive D. Customer E. Client ANSWER: A The Delphi Method is best suited for: A. Decision-making B. Cost Control C. Overhead rate estimating D. Team discussions E. Business needs ANSWER: A The five types of conflict resolution are listed below and represent, in general order of importance, the methods a project manager should use to manage conflict. The one used most often by project managers to resolve conflict is: A. Confrontation B. Compromise C. Smoothing D. Forcing E. Withdrawal ANSWER: A The most important criteria in selecting project selection method is: A. Realism B. Ease of use C. Cost of using it D. Available expertise E. Capability ANSWER: A The party that needs the change resulting from the project, and who will be its custodian on completion is the: A. Owner B. Sponsor C. Customer D. Client E. Benefactor ANSWER: A The point in bargaining or negotiation where no additional concessions can be made – is: A. Bottom line B. Agreement in principle C. Buyer's remorse D. Constitutive rules E. Conflict episode ANSWER: A The purpose of the review of deliverables and project performance at the conclusion of a project phase is to: A. Determine whether the project should continue to the next phase B. Determine how many resources are required to complete the project according to the project baseline C. Adjust the schedule and cost baselines based on past performance D. Obtain customer acceptance of project deliverables E. None of the listed ANSWER: A The receiver filters messages based on all but the following: A. Distance B. Culture C. Semantics D. Language E. Knowledge ANSWER: A The receiver filters messages based on all but the following: A. Distance B. Culture C. Semantics D. Language E. Knowledge ANSWER: A The review of key deliverables and project performance at the conclusion of a project phase is called: A. All of the listed B. Phase exit C. Kill point D. Stage gate E. Phase exit and Stage gate ANSWER: A The sender of a message is responsible for: A. Confirming the message is understood B. Ensuring the receiver agrees with the message C. Scheduling communication exchange D. Presenting the message in the most agreeable manner E. None of the listed ANSWER: A The sending or conveying of information from one place to another is the process of: A. Transmitting B. Networking C. Encrypting D. Promoting E. Stimulating ANSWER: A The three major causes of change on a project are: A. Errors in the initial assessment of how to achieve the goal of the project; new information about the project deliverable; and a new mandate B. Replacement of the project manager or key project team members; changes in priorities by senior management; and contractual difficulties. C. Changes in the relative importance of time, resources, or cost ; new knowledge about the deliverable; and technological uncertainty D. Unavailability of resources promised by the functional managers; cost overruns; and changes in customer requirements E. New information about the project deliverable; cost overruns; and replacement of the project manager or key project team members ANSWER: A The three major types of communication are: A. Written, verbal, and non-verbal B. Verbal, formal documentation, informal documentation C. Verbal, written, and graphic D. Verbal, written, and electronic E. Electronic, verbal, and videos ANSWER: A The two closing procedures are called: A. Contract close out and Close Project B. Contract close out and scope verification C. Project closure and product verification D. Project closure and lessons learned E. Project closure and scope verification ANSWER: A The unique identifiers assigned to each item of a WBS are often known collectively as: A. The code of accounts B. The work package codes C. The project identifiers D. The element accounts E. The sections of enigmas ANSWER: A What are needs which drive desires in conflict situations? A. Interests B. Conflict episode C. Conflict resolution styles D. Face-saving E. Incremental concessions ANSWER: A What are the best uses of PERT: A. Used in the planning phase to do "what if for the project and to measure future consequences of activities B. Only used in the planning phases to do "what if for the project. C. Assist in the controlling of changes to the project. D. Is used in the process of preparing a WBS for the project. E. Only to measure future consequences of activities. ANSWER: A What are the four parts of the communications model? A. Sender, Message, Medium, Receiver B. Sending, Receiving, Decoding, and Comprehending C. Communicator, Message, Receiver, Decoder D. Communicating, Transmitting, Receiving, Comprehending E. Receiver, Decoder, Transferring, Meaning ANSWER: A What conflict resolution technique is a project manager using when he says, "I cannot deal with this issue now!" A. Withdrawal B. Problem solving C. Forcing D. Compromising E. Smoothing ANSWER: A What is Team Development? A. Enhancing the ability of stakeholders to contribute as individuals B. Setting up a team of people with the skills set that are required C. Sending you project team to a PMI seminar D. Motivating your project team members E. All of the listed ANSWER: A What is Team Development? A. Enhancing the ability of the team to function as a team B. Setting up a team of people with the skills set that are required C. Sending you project team to a PMI seminar D. Motivating your project team members E. All of the listed ANSWER: A Which issue is most frequently balanced against interdependence? A. Independence B. Bottom line C. Cooperation D. Coercion E. Dependence ANSWER: A Which of the following are key parts of Wilmot and Hocker's definition of interpersonal conflict? A. Perceived incompatible goals, perceived scarce resources, interference B. Interdependence, incompatible goals, scarce resources C. Expressed struggle, coercion, interdependence D. Struggle, coercion, and interference E. Scarce resources ANSWER: A Which of the following are outputs from the Communications Planning process? A. Communications management plan B. Project records C. Performance reports D. Formal acceptance E. Communications management plan and performance reports ANSWER: A Which of the following best fits Wilmot and Hocker's conflict definition element of an expressed struggle? A. After an argument, Mario and Juan both actively avoid each other B. Mario secretly holds a grudge that Juan is not aware of C. Mario and Juan meet each Tuesday after work. On Saturday, Juan decides he no longer likes Mario, but does not tell him D. All of the listed E. Mario loves her more ANSWER: A Which of the following conflict resolution techniques will generate the MOST lasting solution? A. Problem solving B. Forcing C. Smoothing D. Compromise E. Withdrawal ANSWER: A Which of the following could be an appropriate WBS code for a work package at the fourth level in a WBS where the top level code is 1.0? A. 1.1.1.1 and 1.2.3.4 B. 1.4 C. 1.1.1.1 D. 1.2.3.4 E. 1.4 and 1.2.3.4 ANSWER: A Which of the following do Wilmot and Hocker recommend when applying conflict management skills? A. Ask open-ended questions B. Try to use the same skills in every conflict C. Squelch strong feelings and focus on the facts D. Focus on what you will do next while others are speaking E. Sit silently ANSWER: A Which of the following is an assertion made by Pondy regarding conflict in organizations? A. If conflict isn't happening then the organization has no reason for being B. An organization with conflict is in deep trouble C. Conflict always saps the creative energy from an organization D. Conflict is inversely related to a company's net worth E. Conflict never saps the creative energy from an organization ANSWER: A Which of the following is NOT an example of a type of schedule report? A. Fishbone diagram B. Gantt chart C. Milestone chart D. Network diagram E. System diagram ANSWER: A Which of the following is not an external-unpredictable risk? A. Inflation B. Changes in government regulations C. Natural hazards D. Unexpected environmental side effects E. Devaluation ANSWER: A Which of the following methods is least likely to be used for explaining project planning guidelines to the team? A. Formal project report B. Project Office Memo C. Project office directive D. Project team meeting E. Nursing project report ANSWER: A Which of the following models of conflict resolution allows a cooling off period, but seldom resolves the issue in the long term? A. Withdrawal B. Problem solving C. Forcing D. Smoothing E. Benchmarking ANSWER: A Which of the following Project Scope Management processes involves subdividing the major project deliverables into smaller, more manageable components? A. Create WBS B. Scope Planning C. Initiation D. Scope Change Control E. Scope Definition ANSWER: A Which of the following statements concerning contract type is correct? A. Lump sum contracts offer sellers the greatest profit potential B. A fixed price contract contains the most risk for the buyer C. Cost reimbursable contracts offer sellers the highest profit potential D. Unit price contracts are illegal in many jurisdictions E. None of the listed ANSWER: A Wilmot and Hocker identify which two resources as often perceived to be scarce during conflicts? A. Power and self-esteem B. Power and interdependence C. Self-esteem and rapport D. Rapport and report E. Power and independence ANSWER: A You are in charge of developing a new product for an organization. Your quality metrics are based on the 80th percentile of each of the last three products developed. This is an example of: A. Benchmarking B. Statistical sampling C. Metrics D. Operational definitions E. Forcing ANSWER: A You are responsible for ensuring that your seller's performance meets contractual requirements. For effective contract administration, you should: A. Implement the contract change control system B. Hold a bidders conference C. Establish the appropriate contract type D. Develop a statement of work E. Agree to do the work at no charge ANSWER: A Your customer asks for a small change in the project, which was not budgeted in the project. It is a small effort as compared to the total project and you need the goodwill for a multimillion dollar on the pipeline. You will: A. Assess the cost and schedule impact and tell them you will decide later B. Refuse to do the work C. Agree to do the work at no charge D. Do the work and bill him later E. All of the listed ANSWER: A Your project is in the final test stage, the user acceptance test. It meets all the product specs and is under planned costs. In term of schedule, this project is ahead. Your customer meets you and requested that he will not accept the product unless you make several changes. What you should do is: A. Ask the customer to file a Change request B. Get the list of the changes and estimate all of them. If the total cost is still within the baseline, you just do it C. Estimate the costs and send this to your customer requesting contract modification D. Sit with the customer to review the product specs and tell him/her that you have completed the project E. None of the listed ANSWER: A