22-3 Interactions Among Living Things
o Every organism has a variety of adaptations that are suited to its
specific living conditions.
o Adaptations are either _______________, ___________, or a
_________________ of features that allow organisms to
successfully survive in their environments
Niches
• __________: an organisms particular role or how it makes its
living including its _________________, how it gets it, what
species use it for food, when and how it _______________, and
the physical conditions it needs for survival
The 3 Major Types of Interactions Between Organisms
• 1.) ______________: the struggle between organisms to survive
in a habitat with limited resources.
• For example, on the savannah, many organisms are herbivores and
compete with each other for available forage (grasses, leaves, etc)
• Many organisms develop adaptations to avoid competition. For example,
some plants produce toxins that retard the growth of other plants, reducing
competition with other plants for available resources
• 2.) ______________: an interaction where one organism hunts
and kills another for food.
• There are two types of predation adaptations: Predator adaptations and
Prey adaptations.
 _________________________: adaptations that help them catch food like
a cheetah’s speed (or claws) or the venom of a cobra.
•
_________________________: these are defensive
adaptations that help an organism avoid predation.
• These include:
___________ : adaptations which help an organism blend into their
backgrounds.
_____________________: bright colors warn predators that these organism
are poisonous or noxious
________________: this strategy relies on making the organism appear to
be another more dangerous one
__________________: this adaptation confuses or startles predators
_____________________: these make it difficult or painful to prey on these
animals so predators tend to avoid them.
• 3.) __________________: a close relationship between two
species that benefits at least one species.
 There are at three types of symbiotic relationships:
1. __________________: a relationship where both species
benefit (bees and flowering plants).
2._____________________: a relationship where one species
benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed (birds nesting
in trees)
3. ___________________: a relationship where one organismcalled the parasite- benefits by living on or inside another-called
the host- , harming it. (ticks, leeches, tapeworms).