HVAC
2.0
2.0
2.1 General
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
HVAC
2.1.3 Air-Conditioning
Standards
2.1.1 Definition of AirConditioning
1.Cooling and De-humidifying
the simultaneous control of the
temperature, humidity, motion and
purity of the air in a confined space.
2. Heating and Humidifying
2.1.2 Functions or
Elements of AirConditioning
1.
2.
3.
4.
Cooling and de-humidifying of air
Heating or humidifying of air
Cleaning of air or filtration
Circulation of air
for summer cooling, temperatures of 68
deg to 74 deg F and 50% relative
humidity are a frequent design average.
for winter cooling, temperatures of 70 deg
to 75 deg F and relative humidity of 30%
to 35% are found most satisfactory.
3. Air Motion
air velocity should average 4.57 to 7.6
meters per min measured 36” above the
floor.
4. Air Supply
a. 5 cuft to 7-1/2 cuft of air per minute per
person (5-71/2 cuft/min/pers). In rooms
where smoking is not allowed
b.25 cuft to 40 cuft of air per minute per
person allowed in rooms where smoking
is permitted.
2.0
2.1.4 Methods of Cooling
and De-humidifying
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
1. Passing the air through a spray of
cold water
2. Passing the air through coils
containing cold water
HVAC
3. Passing the air through coils
containing the refrigerant itself; in
this case the coils are called “direct
expansion” coils
4. Passing the air through a
combination of sprays and coils
2.0
2.2 Refrigeration Cycle
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
1. Freon* is a gas at normal temperature
and pressure. It is first subjected to high
pressure in a compressor which raises its
boiling point and temperature.
2. At the same high pressure, the vapor is
piped into condenser coils where it is
cooled by water to a degree below its
liquefaction point. It condenses into a
liquid state and still under high pressure,
passes to the evaporator.
2.5 Heating
Systems
3. In the evaporator, the pressure is
relieved by the suction stroke of the
compressor. The boiling point of the
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
liquid refrigerant drops and evaporation
into a vapor takes place. The water
which surrounds the evaporator coils
gives up its heat in causing the
vaporization at low pressure, thus
reducing its temperature to the
temperature of the refrigerant. The cold
water can then be piped at this low
temperature to any desired point and
sprayed to cool the passing air. The
refrigerant is sucked back into the
compressor and the cycle recommences
HVAC
*Freon - refrigerant used for cooling.
Mechanical refrigeration is based upon the
alternate liquefying and evaporating of a volatile
liquid with a low boiling point usually Freon 12
(Dichlorodiflouromethane) or Freon 11
(Trichloromonoflouromethane) during which
processes it respectively gives off and takes in
heat. The desirable properties of Freon are: a)
high heat of vaporization; b) moderate pressure
change for low to high temperature range; c)
non-toxic; d) incombustible; e) non-explosive;
and f) non-corrosive.
2.0
2.3 Types of AirConditioning Systems
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
1. Central Systems
All-Season Centralized Air
Conditioning System consists of
the following:
a. A method of cooling,
a refrigeration plant
b. A source of heating
such as a boiler or
furnace
c. An Air Handling Unit
(AHU) equipped with
filters, pre-heater,
spray, cooling coils
and re-heater
d. The air distributing
equipment composed
of ducts, fans and air
outlets
e. The necessary
manual or automatic
controls
HVAC
2.0
HVAC
2. Split Type Air Conditioning
System
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
AHU
2.5 Heating
Systems
FCU
(FAN COIL
UNIT)
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
COMP.
CONDENSER
EVAPORATOR
ACCU
(AIR CONDITIONING
CONDENSING UNIT)
ACCU
2.0
3. Window Type Air Conditioning
System
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
HVAC
2.0
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2. Condensers
2.4.1 The Refrigeration
Plant
a) Air-cooled Condensers
used in unit and packaged-type airconditioners up to 3 tons
refrigeration.
1. Compressors
b) Water-cooled Condensers
a) Piston Type or Reciprocating
Compressors
for tonnages up to 100 tons
Double-piped Condensers:
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
HVAC
b) Centrifugal Compressors
these are quieter, have fewer
vibration problems, require less
maintenance and with better
operating control
2.0
Shell and Tube Condensers:
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
3. Evaporators
a) Shell and Tube Heat
Exchanger
similar in operation to the shell and
tube condenser. The refrigerant is
expanded into a shell enclosing the
tube through which the water flows.
2.1 General
2.5 Heating
Systems
HVAC
Evaporative Condenser:
b) Direct Expansion Coils (coils
containing the refrigerant itself)
This may either be installed in the
spray chamber so that the water
sprayed into the air comes into
contact with the cooling coils or the
air itself comes into direct contact
with the cooling coils, as in the
window type unit
2.0
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2.4.2 Cooling and Dehumidifying
Equipment
HVAC
2.4.4 Air Cleaning
Equipment
1. Filters
1. Water Sprays
a) Dry Filters
2. Cooling Coils
consist of wire frames
enclosing felt, cotton or
sponge through which
the air is screened.
2.4.3 Heating and
Humidifying
Equipment
1. Tempering Coils
contains steam and are used
to heating the air ie.,
preheaters and reheaters.
b) Viscous Filters
consist of metal
deflecting plates or
screens coated with
viscous oil.
c) Water Sprays
d) Eliminator Plates
2. Water Heaters
used for heating the water
which will be used in the
spray chamber to add heat
and humidity to the air
consist of corrugated
galvanized iron sheets
placed 1-1/8” apart
which deflect the air flow
about 30 deg catching
the wet dust on the
surfaces
2.0
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2.4.5 Air
Distribution
Equipment
1. Ducts
are usually of
galvanized sheet
metal, or aluminum
sheets, usually
rectangular in
section, depending
on the aspect
ratio*, although
circular ducts are
also used for high
velocity systems.
*Aspect Ratio – the ratio
of the long side to short
side; not to exceed 5:1
although 4 or 3:1 is
preferred.
HVAC
2.0
2. Fans
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
a) Centrifugal fans (radial fans)
these are intended for moving air at
comparatively high pressures and
are commonly used in duct systems.
b) Propeller or axial fans
commonly used for wall exhausts
HVAC
3. Air Outlets
these are made for two locations:
wall and ceiling.
a) Wall outlets include the
following:
Vaned outlets
Perforated grills
b) Ceiling outlets include the
following types:
Plaques
Perforated panels
Perforated ceilings
2.0
2.4.6 Control Equipment
2.1 General
1. Sensing Devices
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
a) Humidistat
or Hygrostat is a controller, sensitive
to the amount of humidity in the air.
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
b) Thermostat
a controller which responds to
changes in temperature.
c) Pressure Regulators
are instruments sensitive to changes
in pressure. They may control a
single pressure or a differential
between two pressures.
HVAC
2. Actuating or Operating
Devices
a) Dampers
These control the flow of air and are
in the form of louvers.
b) Control Valves
These are valves with variable
orifices which are moved by motors
to present smaller or larger
openings as directed by a
thermostat.
c) Relays
These are devices that use electrical
energy to amplify or convert the
power of a thermostat or other
controllers so that the resultant force
will be sufficient and adaptable to
operate a valve or damper.
2.0
HVAC
2.5 Heating Systems
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2.5.1 Types of Heating
Systems
TYPE OF
SYSTEM
HEATING
MEDIUM
HEATING
DEVICE
METHOD
OF AIR
HANDLING
METHOD OF
DISTRIBUTION
1. Mechanical
Warm Air
Heating System
Air
Furnace
Ducts
Registers
2. Steam Heating
System
Steam
Boiler
Pipes
Radiators
3. Hot Water
Heating System
Water
Water
Heater
Pipes
Radiators
4. Radiant Panel
Heating System
1. Water
2. Air
3. Electricity
Water Heater
Furnace
Elec Heater
Pipes
Ducts
Wires
Ceiling or Floor
Ceiling
Ceiling
2.0
2.5.2 Mechanical Warm Air
Heating System
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
HVAC
2.0
2.5.2 Steam Heating
System
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
1. Air-Vent System (One-Pipe
Gravity System)
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2. Vacuum System (Two-pipe
Steam Heating System)
HVAC
2.0
2.5.4 Hot Water Heating
System
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
1. One-Pipe Hot Water Heating
System
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2. Two-Pipe Hot Water Heating
System
HVAC
2.0
2.5.5 Radiant Panel
Heating System
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
HVAC
2.0
2.6 Provisions in the
NBC Concerning HVAC
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
Capacity of Works, Project or
Plant
2.6.1 Definitions
The total horsepower of all engines,
motors, turbines or other prime movers
installed, whether in operation or not.
Accidental Contact
Compressor
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
HVAC
Any inadvertent physical contact with
power transmission equipment, prime
movers, machines or machine parts
which could result from slipping, falling,
sliding, tripping or any other unplanned
action or movement.
Air Conditioning
The process of treating air so as to control
simultaneously its temperature, humidity,
cleanliness and distribution to meet the
requirements of the conditioned space.
Boiler
A closed vessel for heating water or for
application of heat to generate steam or
other vapor to be used externally or to
itself.
A mechanical device for the purpose of
increasing the pressure upon the
refrigerant.
Condenser
A vessel or arrangement of pipes or
tubing in which vaporized refrigerant is
liquefied by the removal of heat.
Condemned Boiler or Unfired
Pressure Vessel
A boiler or unfired pressure vessel that
has been inspected by the Building
Official and declared unsafe or
disqualified and power stamped or
marked designating its rejection.
2.0
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
HVAC
Crane
External Inspection
Means a machine for lifting or lowering a
load and moving it horizontally, the
hoisting mechanism being an integral part
of the machine.
An inspection made on boiler during
operation.
Guarded
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
A passageway made of sheet metal or
other suitable material not necessarily
leak tight, for conveying air or other gases
at low pressure.
Shielded, fenced or otherwise protected
by means of suitable enclosure guards,
covers or standard railings, so as to
preclude the possibility of accidental
contact or dangerous approach to
persons or objects.
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
Enclosed
Internal Inspection
Means that the moving parts of a machine
are so guarded that physical contact by
any part of the human body is precluded
or prevented. This does not however
prohibit the use of hinged, sliding or
otherwise removable doors or sections to
permit inspection, lubrication or proper
maintenance.
An inspection made when a boiler is shut
down, with hand holes, manholes, or
other openings opened or removed to
permit inspection of the interior.
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
Duct
Liquid Receiver
A vessel permanently connected to a
system by inlet and outlet pipes for
storage of a liquid refrigerant.
Evaporation
That part of the AC/refrigeration system in
which liquid refrigerant is vaporized to
produce refrigeration.
Locomotive Boiler
A boiler mounted on a self-propelled track
locomotive used to furnish motivating
power for traveling on rails.
2.0
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
HVAC
Low Pressure Heating Boiler
Point of Operation
A boiler operated at pressures not
exceeding 1.05 kgs/sqm with steam or
water temperature not exceeding 250ºF.
The driven unit of an equipment.
That part of a machine which performs an
operation on the stock or material and/or
that place or location where stock or
material is fed to the machine. A machine
may have more than one point of
operation.
Machine House
Portable Boiler
An enclosure for housing the hoisting
mechanism and power plant.
An internally fired boiler which is selfcontained, primarily intended for
temporary location.
Machine
Machine Parts
Any or all moving parts of a machine.
Mechanical Works Plant
Includes steam plants, internal
combustion engine plants, hydraulic
power plants, pumping plants,
refrigerating plants, air conditioning
plants, mill shops, factories, foundries,
shipyards, etc. containing any mechanical
equipment, machinery or process, driven
by steam, internal or external combustion
fuel, electricity, gas, air, water, heat,
chemicals or other prime movers.
Prime Mover
An engine or motor operated by steam,
gas, air, electricity, liquid or gaseous fuels,
liquids in motion or other forms of energy
whose main function is to drive or
operate, either directly of indirectly, other
mechanical equipment.
Process Machine
An equipment designed and operated for
a specific purpose.
2.0
Refrigerant
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
A substance which produces a
refrigerating effect by its absorption of
heat while expanding or evaporating.
Ton of Refrigeration
The useful refrigerating effect equal to
12,000 BTU/hour; 200 BTU/min.
Unfired Pressure Vessel
A vessel in which pressure is obtained
from an external source or from an
indirect application of heat.
Ventilation
Process of supplying or removing air by
natural or mechanical means to or from
any space.
HVAC
2.6.2 Boilers and Pressure
Vessels
1. Location of Boilers:
a) Boilers may be located inside buildings
provided that the boiler room is of
reinforced concrete or masonry and that
the boiler room shall not be used for any
other purpose.
b) In case the main building is not made
up of fire resistive materials, boilers shall
be located outside the building at a
distance of not less than 3.00 m from the
outside wall of the main building and the
building housing the boiler shall be made
up of fire resistive materials.
c) No part of the boiler shall be closer
than one meter from any wall.
d) Fire tube boilers shall be provided with
sufficient room for removal/replacement of
tubes either thru the front or rear.
2.0
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
2. Smokestacks whether self
supporting or guyed, shall be of
sufficient capacity to handle fuel
gases, shall be able to withstand a
wind load of 175 km per hour and
shall rise at least 5 m above the
eaves of any building within a radius
of 50 m.
3. Manufacturers/assemblers of
boilers/pressure vessels/pressurized
water heaters shall stamp each
vessel on the front head or on any
other suitable location with the name
of the manufacturer, serial number,
maximum allowable working
pressure, heating surface in sqm
and year of manufacture.
4. Boilers of more than 46 sqm
heating surface shall each be
provided with two means of feeding
water, one steam driven and one
electrically driven, one pump and
one injector.
HVAC
5. Two check valves shall be
provided between any feed pump
and the boiler in addition to the
regular shut-off valve.
6. Where two or more boilers are
connected in parallel, each steam
outlet shall be provided with a nonreturn valve and a shut-off valve.
7. Boiler rooms shall have at least
two separate exits.
8. In no case shall the maximum
pressure of an old/existing boiler be
increased to a greater pressure than
would be allowed for a new boiler of
same construction.
9. Each boiler shall have at least one
safety valve. For boilers having more
than 46 sqm pressure of water heating
surface or a generating capacity
exceeding 907 kg per hour, two (2) or
more safety valves shall be required.
2.0
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
10. Each boiler shall have a steam
gauge, with a dial range of not less
than 1-1/2 times and not more than
twice the maximum allowable
working pressure. It may be
connected to the steam space or to
the steam connection to the water
column.
11. Whenever repairs/replacements
are made on fittings or appliances,
the work shall comply with the
section on New Installation of the
Philippine Mechanical Engineering
Code.
12. After a permit has been granted
to install a boiler/pressure
vessel/pressurized water heater
upon payment of the installation
fees thereof, it shall be the duty of
the Building Official to make periodic
inspection of the installation to
determine compliance with the
approved plans and specifications.
HVAC
13. Upon the completion of the
installation, the Building Official shall
conduct an inspection and test, after
which a certificate of operation for a
period not exceeding one year shall be
issued upon payment of the required
inspection fees.
14. The Building Official shall notify the
owner in writing of the intended date of
the annual inspection at least 15 days in
advance. However, the owner may
request a postponement in writing of said
inspection and the Building Official shall
fix a date for inspection agreeable to both,
but not to exceed 30 days from the
intended date.
15. The owner or user of a boiler shall
prepare the same for inspection by
cooling it down blanking off all
connections to adjacent boilers, removing
all soot and ashes from tubes, heads,
shell, furnace and combustion chamber.
The owner shall assist the Building
Official by providing all labor and
equipment required during said
inspection.
2.0
2.6.3 Refrigeration and AirConditioning
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
1. The temperature and humidity of
the air to be used for comfortable
cooling shall be maintained at 68-74ºF
effective temperature at an air
movement from 4.57 to 7.60 MPM
within the living zone.
2. Water from evaporators,
condensers and other machinery shall
be properly collected into a suitable
water or drainage system.
3. Ducts shall be constructed entirely
of non-combustible materials such as
steel, iron, aluminum or other
approved materials. Only fire retardant
lining shall be used on the inside of
ducts.
4. Access doors shall be provided at
all automatic dampers, fire dampers,
thermostats and other apparatus
requiring service and inspection in the
duct system.
HVAC
5. Where ducts pass thru walls, floors
or partitions, the space around the duct
shall be sealed with fire resistant
material equivalent to that of the wall,
floor or partition, to prevent the
passage of flame or smoke.
6. When ducts or the outlets or inlets
to them pass through fire walls, they
shall be provided with automatic fire
dampers on both sides of the fire wall
through which they pass.
7. Fire doors and fire dampers shall
be arranged to close automatically and
remain tightly closed, upon the
operation of a fusible link or other
approved heat actuated device,
located where readily affected by an
abnormal rise of temperature in the
duct.
2.0
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
HVAC
8. Each refrigerating system shall be
provided with a legible metal sign
permanently attached and easily
accessible, indicating thereon the
name of manufacturer or installer, kind
and total number of kgs of refrigerant
contained in the system and field test
pressure applied.
12. Refrigerant piping crossing a
passageway in any building shall not be
less than 2.3 m above the floor.
9. In refrigerating plants of more than
45 kg refrigerant, masks and helmets
shall be used. These shall be kept in a
suitable cabinet outside the machine
room when not in use.
14. Window type ACs shall be provided
with drain pipe or plastic tubing for
discharging condensate water into a
suitable container.
10. Not more than 136 kgs of
refrigerant in approved containers shall
be stored in a machine room at any
given time.
11. Where ammonia is used, the
discharge may be into a tank of water,
which shall be used for no other
purpose except ammonia absorption.
At least one gallon of water shall be
provided for every 0.4536 kg of
ammonia in the system.
13. In a refrigerating system containing
more than 9 kgs, stop valves shall be
installed in inlets and outlets of
compressors, outlets of liquid receivers,
and in liquid and suction branch header.
15. Window type AC installed on ground
floors of buildings shall not be less than
2.13 m from the ground.
16. Window type ACs shall be provided
with exhaust ducts if the exhaust is
discharged into corridors/hallways/
arcades/sidewalks etc.
17. Window type ACs installed along
corridors/hallways/above the first floor
shall not be less than 2.13 m above the
floor level.
2.0
2.6.4 Piping
2.1 General
2.2 Refrigeration
Cycle
2.3 Types of AirConditioning
Systems
2.4 Air-Conditioning
Equipment
2.5 Heating
Systems
2.6 Provisions in
the NBC
Concerning HVAC
1. Piping shall, as much as possible, run
parallel to building walls.
2. Grouped piping shall be supported on
racks, on either horizontal or vertical
planes.
3. Piping on racks shall have sufficient
space for pipe or chain wrenches so that
any single line can be
altered/repaired/replaced without
disturbing the rest.
4. Piping 100mm in diameter and above
shall be flanged. Smaller sized pipes
may be screwed.
5. Piping subjected to varying
temperatures shall be provided with
expansion joints.
6. Galvanized piping shall not be used for
steam.
HVAC
7. Piping carrying steam, hot water of hot
liquids shall not be embedded in concrete
walls or floors and shall be properly
insulated to prevent accidental scalding to
persons and to minimize heat loss.
8. Color coding of piping shall be as
follows:
a) Steam Division
High Pressure- White
Exhaust System – Buff
b) Water Division
Fresh water, low pressure – Blue
Fresh water, high pressure – Blue
Salt water piping – Green
c) Oil Division
Delivery – Brass or Bronze
Discharge – Yellow
d) Pneumatic Division
All piping – Gray
e) Gas Division
All piping – Black
f) Fuel Oil Division
All piping – Black
g) Refrigerating Division
Pipes – Black
Fittings – Black
2.0
HVAC
2.0
HVAC
2.0
HVAC
2.0
refrigeration
HVAC
HEATING,
VENTILATION AND
AIR-CONDITIONING
END