(BRIEF AWARENESS CAMPAIGN)

• Tuberculosis (TB) is a common and deadly infectious disease caused by mycobacteria, mainly
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Over 9 million new cases and 2 million deaths per year worldwide
• 1/3rd of the world’s population is infected with M.tuberculosis

• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Highly aerobic
• Infects lungs
• Divides every 15-20 hours
• Very resistant to many disinfectants, acid, alkali, drying, etc.
Contagious, spread through air by inhalation of airborne bacteria from infected
• Easier to contract with weak immune system

• Cough (2-3 weeks or more)
• Coughing up blood
• Chest pains
• Fever
• Night Sweats
• Feeling weak and tired
• Losing weight without trying
• Decreased or no appetite

Depending on the time of infection and types of response, TB may be classified as;
• Primary Tuberculosis
• It is initiated after first contact with tubercle bacilli
• Secondary Tuberculosis
• Mainly occurs due to Reactivation of Latent infection
• May also due to Exogenous reinfection
• Leads to – Cavitation's of Lungs, Enlargement of Lymph nodes, expectoration of
Bacteria laden sputum

• Test may include
• Chest X-ray
• show air fluid levels as infection progresses
• Physical Examination
• dullness to chest percussion, increased vocal fremitus
• Tuberculin Skin Test
• positive reaction to intradermal injection of tuberculin
• Microbiological detect of smears and cultures
• Blood test
• elevation in white blood cells (WBCs) count with lymphocyte predominance.

• Positive Skin Test, Negative X-Ray:
• Antibiotic: Isoniazid
• Positive Skin Test, Positive X-Ray:
• Antibiotic: Isoniazid, Rifampin, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide
• Prevention
• BCG Vaccine

• http://www.medicinenet.com/tuberculosis
• http://www.stoptb.org
• http://www.who.int/tb
• http://www.microbiologybytes.com/video/Mtuberculosis.html
• http://www.cdc.gov/TB/topic/basics/default.htm