CHAPTER 2 (BASIC CHEMISTRY) QUIZ
_____1. Which of the following elements is Not one of the six most common in living organisms?
a) carbon b) oxygen c) iron d) nitrogen e) hydrogen
_____2. The are ___ naturally occurring elements.
a) 57 b) 108 c) 95 d) 92 e) 87
_____3. Which term is based on the Greek root word for "uncut" or "indivisible"?
a) atom b) element c) molecule d) chemical e) electron
_____4. Which statement is Not true about subatomic particles?
a) Protons are found in the nucleus.
b) Neutrons have no electrical charge.
c) Electrons contain much less mass than neutrons.
d) Electrons are found in orbitals around the nucleus.
e) All electrons in an atom contain the same amount of energy.
_____5. An atom's atomic number is best described as the number of
a) protons it contains
b) neutrons it contains
c) electrons in the outermost shell
d) protons and neutrons it contains
e) protons and electrons it contains
_____6. An atom's atomic mass is best described as the mass of
a) protons it contains
b) neutrons it contains
c) electrons in the outermost shell
d) protons and neutrons it contains
e) protons and electrons it contains
_____7. The characteristic way in which atoms of an element react is most related to the
a) number of electrons in the outermost shell
b) number of electrons in the innermost shell
c) number of neutrons in the outermost shell
d) number of neutrons in the nucleus
e) size of the nucleus
_____8. Potential energy is best described as the
a) ability to do work
b) energy of motion of molecules
c) energy that comes from the sun
d) energy in the nucleus of an atom
e) stored energy that is available to do work
_____9. Which of the following statements is Not true about electron configurations?
a) If an atom has only one shell, it is complete with two electrons.
b) If an atom has two or more shells, the octet rule applies.
c) If an atom has two on more shells, the outer shell is complete with eight electrons.
d) Atoms with more than eight electrons in the outer shell react by gaining electrons.
e) Atoms with eight electrons in the outer shell are not reactive at all.
_____10. An orbital is best described as
a) the electron shell closest to the nucleus.
b) the outermost electron shell of an atom.
c) the volume of space in which electrons are most often found.
d) the original energy level of electrons in photosynthesis.
_____11. Which statement is Not true about water's properties?
a) Water molecules are cohesive, able to cling to each other.
b) Water molecules are adhesive, able to wet substances other than water.
c) Water is a universal solvent due to its polar nature.
d) The temperature of water rises and falls quickly.
e) Ice is less dense than water and floats on its surface.
_____12. Which statement is Not true about the pH scale?
a) The scale indicates the relative concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in a solution.
b) The scale ranges from 1 to 15.
c) pH 7 has a balanced level of H+ and OH-.
d) Anything below pH 7 is acidic and above pH 7 is basic.
e) A change of one pH unit represents a ten-fold increase or decrease in hydroxyl ion concentration.
_____13. If the pH of cytoplasm is approximately 7.2, the cytoplasm is
a) very acidic b) slightly acidic c) precisely neutral d) slightly alkaline
e) very alkaline
_____ 14. An atom, such as calcium, which has two electrons in the outer shell, would most likely
a) share to acquire a complete outer shell.
b) lose these two electrons and become a negatively charged ion.
c) lose these two electrons and become a positively charged ion.
d) bind with carbon by way of hydrogen bonds.
e) bind with another calcium to satisfy its energy needs.
_____15. In which of these are the electrons shared unequally?
a) double covalent bond
b) triple covalent bond
c) hydrogen bond
d) polar covalent bond
e) ionic and covalent bonds
_____16. Acids
a) release hydrogen ions.
b) take up hydroxide ions and become neutral.
c) have a pH value above 7.
d) increase the number of water molecules.
_____17. Which of the following bond types is the strongest?
a) ionic b) covalent c) Van der Waals d) hydrophobic
e) hydrogen
_____18. The polarity of the water molecule causes it to be attracted to other polar molecules.
This property is referred to as
a) adhesion b) cohesion c) surface tension
d) specific heat
e) hydrogen bonding
_____19. During a chemical reaction, the loss of an electron from an atom or molecule is termed
a) reduction b) cellular respiration
c) kinetics d) oxidation
e) metabolism
____ 20. Which of the following elements is important to living things
a) C
b) H
c) O
d) N