Sociology Final Exam Review: Please read and include the correct term that is missing in each
definition. Remember to carefully read each question diligently. Repetition is normal and to be
expected. Good luck and the best of luck to all of you in the future. :)
Word Bank
anomie theory
ascribed
Bystander Theory
comp stat
correlation
Cults
Differential Association Theory
extended family
growth of cities
ideal culture
internal sanctions
Labeling Theory
orientation
Proscriptive norms
reconstituted
scientific method
Sociological Identity
Suicide
work
Rational Choice Theory
anomie theory
Broken Windows
Bystander Theory
conflict
counter cultures
Deviance
Emile Durkheim
external sanctions
Households
Industrial Revolution
Kitty Genovese
mores
Prescriptive Norms
reciprocal
reconstituted
social learning theory
Sociological Perspective
Tutsis
achieved
Anomie Theory
Bystander Theory
cause
Control Theory
criminal signaling
Deviance
exchange
Groups
Hutus
Industrial Revolution
labeling theory
orientation
procreation
reconstituted
Rwandan Genocide
sociogram
sub-cultures
Whorf-Sapir hypothesis
1) Sociology focuses on the study of _______________ and how people behave in small, large
and even society as a whole.
2) Sociologists use the _______________ to study many areas of sociology like poverty, health,
gender, families, location, economics and more.
3) The collection of group memberships that determine who YOU are is called
your:_______________
4) Studying groups without attributing your own perceptions and opinions to it is known as looking
at issues with a _______________
5) Theory that states you are less likely to receive help/offer help in a larger group than a smaller
group due to diffusion of responsibility is called _______________
6) "Extensive research has proved that smoking is a distinct risk factor for cancer" is an example
of a _______________.
7) "There is a definite link between hospitalization and death" is an example of a
_______________
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8) After working hard to get a scholarship and move away from his dangerous neighborhood, Sam
finally graduates college. Sam can not find a job in his field of study. Discouraged and
frustrated, he decides to join the gang in his neighborhood that he always promised himself he
would never get involved with. The theory that states confusion arises when social norms
conflict (rules you were told to follow don't make sense in the end) or don't even exist. The
differences between socially accepted goals and the availability of means to achieve those
goals is known as _______________
9) Family made up of large number of people usually three generations or more who live together
or by each other – type typical of pre industrial societies is known as an _______________.
10) The historic era that lead to the development of sociology was the _______________.
11) The changes of the Industrial Revolution led to a mass migration to cities for work. This created
significant changes in human relationships especially in the area of how people interact in
groups. The change from a farming culture to an urban culture where life was now based less
on personal relationships. This is known as urbanization or _______________.
12) The _______________ led to personal relationships based more on family and neighbors to
relationships based on _______________.
13) Known for his book on _______________ Studies he hypothesized that different groups would
have higher rates of suicide base on religious backgrounds, but found that it was the quality of
relationships and expectations among these relationships that determined the suicide rate. His
name was _______________
14) Interactionist Sociologists study symbols - things that represent something else: ex. Handshake
– greeting, thumbs up = okay. There are words in other languages that express thoughts that
take an entire sentence in English to describe. In Germany "Schadenfreude" means that you
are getting pleasure from the discomfort of others. The view that language shapes our cultural
reality is called the _______________
15) Your baseball team, the lacrosse team, girl scouts, neighborhood, all have their norms and
values that are unique to the group though never in opposition to mainstream culture. These are
known as: _______________. They are different than mainstream culture but never go against
mores or laws.
16) The Amish, the Hippie Movement in the 1960's, even perhaps Mormans who practice polygamy
could be considered _______________
17) Everyone sits down and eats dinner at the same time. There are all major food groups included.
Everyone also takes their vitamins, doesn't curse, smoke or insult anyone else in the family.
This would be considered: _______________
18) _______________ use a variety of tactics to mentally manipulate members to join; among
these tactics are repeatedly emphasizing one phrase or blame on one group, "love bombing"
they love you immediately, have a strong charismatic leader everyone looks up to, isolate you
from former relationships, family and friends.
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19) Doing something against the "norm" can be bad or just harmless.....fighting during a hockey
game isn't that against the norm, yet fighting in a grocery store would be. This trait is called:
_______________
Word Bank
anomie theory
ascribed
Bystander Theory
comp stat
correlation
Cults
Differential Association Theory
extended family
growth of cities
ideal culture
internal sanctions
Labeling Theory
orientation
Proscriptive norms
reconstituted
scientific method
Sociological Identity
Suicide
work
Rational Choice Theory
anomie theory
Broken Windows
Bystander Theory
conflict
counter cultures
Deviance
Emile Durkheim
external sanctions
Households
Industrial Revolution
Kitty Genovese
mores
Prescriptive Norms
reciprocal
reconstituted
social learning theory
Sociological Perspective
Tutsis
achieved
Anomie Theory
Bystander Theory
cause
Control Theory
criminal signaling
Deviance
exchange
Groups
Hutus
Industrial Revolution
labeling theory
orientation
procreation
reconstituted
Rwandan Genocide
sociogram
sub-cultures
Whorf-Sapir hypothesis
20) Formed by adults who have married previously and who bring children from their previous
marriage to the new marriage, forming a new family unit. While most don't end up like the Brady
Bunch - they are a good example of this type of family. These families are known as
_______________ or blended families.
21) A group of people who live in the same accommodation and do not support each other
economically or emotionally. Dorms, apartment buildings, people sharing a house to save
money are examples of this. _______________ ________
22) _______________ _________ theory states that people socially learn deviance from others
23) _______________ Theory, is giving groups labels or categories. In sociology this can
sometimes be studied as the way people decide to fulfill expectations.
24) _______________ _________ Theory - is the more people there are in a group; the less
likely someone will step up and help due to diffusion of responsibility.
25) _______________ is that there are no norms... people are powerless to adhere to them and/or
they have tried to follow mainstream norms but become frustrated when the promises of
following them fail
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26) _______________ Theory states that people are controlled by external rules and internal
rules to be a "good person". There are internal (I want to do what is right because it's important
to my values as a person) and external (If I do this my family will be very upset with me, the
police may give me a ticket, if I get caught I could get in trouble).
27) The young woman who was a victim of murder in Kew Gardens Queens in New York City that
became the veritable poster child for bystander theory was: _______________
28) During the _______________, two groups in conflict with each other due to manipulation by the
Europeans who controlled the former Belgian Congo. The [Tutsi’s], were the minority group
chosen to be favored by the imperialist government due to their more caucasian features were
the . The majority group who were not treated well by the Belgian government were the
_______________. When the Belgians left, they handed power to the Hutus and started a
conflict that would result in years of scapegoating, fear, conflict and eventually murder.
29) The west failed to intervene to help the Rwandan people. There are many reasons sociologists
claim for this. Perhaps a group so far away was just another violent African conflict on the
evening news, perhaps there were so many people who could've intervened,
_______________ developed where so many people were available to help that there was a
diffusion of responsibility, with everyone thinking "someone else will help".
30) When news of the Rwandan Genocide reached the United Nations, rather than sending in more
UN peacekeepers, they pulled the majority of their troops out of Rwanda, only allowing a limited
few to stay to guard the entire country. They did not however pull out UN staff who were native
Rwandans, allowing only the Europeans and Americans to leave. Would _______________ be
a reason for this in that "Africans" were considered not worthy enough of intervention since the
continent had been in multiple conflicts for generations, or that Imperialist attitudes still
prevailed?
31) Deviance is any behavior that violates social norms and is usually of sufficient severity to
warrant disapproval from the majority of society. Deviance can be criminal or non-criminal – but
it is always "deviating" from the norm... breaking social norms. Sometimes culture plays a role in
deviance such as people who join terrorist groups due to feeling like society has failed them
_______________, or at times because of crowd mentality.
32) The family you are born into is your family of _______________.
33) The family you create yourself, husband, wife, children - is your family of _______________.
34) A family comprised of step parents, step siblings along with others can be referred to as:
_______________ families.
35) _______________ distinguish between "right and "wrong". These norms are approved
behaviors
36) _______________ are non approved behavior. Burping outloud in a restaurant, taking your
shoes off and putting your feet up on the coffee table when meeting your girlfriend's parents for
the first time
37) Violation of _______________ is considered more serious because they are based on values
and morals. Examples might include adultery and lying
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Word Bank
anomie theory
ascribed
Bystander Theory
comp stat
correlation
Cults
Differential Association Theory
extended family
growth of cities
ideal culture
internal sanctions
Labeling Theory
orientation
Proscriptive norms
reconstituted
scientific method
Sociological Identity
Suicide
work
Rational Choice Theory
anomie theory
Broken Windows
Bystander Theory
conflict
counter cultures
Deviance
Emile Durkheim
external sanctions
Households
Industrial Revolution
Kitty Genovese
mores
Prescriptive Norms
reciprocal
reconstituted
social learning theory
Sociological Perspective
Tutsis
achieved
Anomie Theory
Bystander Theory
cause
Control Theory
criminal signaling
Deviance
exchange
Groups
Hutus
Industrial Revolution
labeling theory
orientation
procreation
reconstituted
Rwandan Genocide
sociogram
sub-cultures
Whorf-Sapir hypothesis
38) You see 20 dollars fall out of a person's pocket as you are walking behind them in the hall. You
pick up the money and return it to him even though he would never know how he had lost it and
you have little chance of being caught. You are controlling yourself by _________
______
39) You are driving to school and stop at a red light. Nobody is coming and the road is clear - you
are just about to go through the light until you see a police car hidden around the corner. You
don't run the light because you don't want to get a ticket. You are controlled by
_______________ ___________.
40) The opposite of conformity, it challenges the social order - behaving outside the "norm" is
called____________. It can be minor such as eating pizza with a knife and fork or as extreme
as murder.
41) _______________ ______________ theory made famous during Rudolph Giuliani's tenure
as Mayor of New York City as a large part of his anti-crime campaign
42) Areas that are full of litter, broken and unwanted items, graffiti and unmowed lawns, etc. attract
criminals because it signals that "nobody is watching" these areas and the likelihood of getting
caught is smaller. Part of a larger theory; this part is called:_______________
43) _______
________ is a way of policing that utilizes technology, research and
reorganization of resources to detect and and control criminal activity. Rudolph Giuliani
introduced this in New York City with the help of current commissioner Robert Bratton.
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44) In the study of social structure, your status defines where you fit in society. Your status as a
student, daughter or son, teenager, would be your _______________ status.
45) In social structure, a status where you work hard to get to - like playing in a professional band,
or getting married and having a large family like you always wanted, could be an
_______________ status.
46) A role brings a status to life. In order to have a role you must have interaction with others.
Parent/child, student/teacher, employee/boss, actor/director, etc. would be examples of roles
where each gets something from the other. This is a _______________ role.
47) You wash dishes for Mom. Mom says thank you and gives you 5 dollars. You go to work at
Shoprite checking out groceries because you will receive an hourly wage and a check for the
amount of time worked. This is known as _______________
48) Interaction where you are motivated by self interest. Cost/Benefit Analysis. Two people want the
same goal but only one can have it so breaking rules is approved. _______________
49) Creationg of a venn diagram to determine strong/weak/positive/negative relationships among
groups, familiy members is called a _______________
50) In the study of criminology, people develop motivation to commit crime and the skills to commit
crime through the different people they associate with. This theory is known as:
______________
______________ Theory
51) Your parents, you and your siblings are your nuclear family of _______________
.
52) In Criminology; there are several types of theories that Sociologists have determined are the
"cause" of why people commit crime. This one is when people generally act in their self-interest
and rationalize decisions to commit crime after weighing the potential risks (including getting
caught and punished) against the rewards._______________ _____________ theory
.
53) A family that includes parents, step-parents, siblings, half-siblings and step-siblings is known as
a _______________ family
.
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