Sherfield and Moody Cornerstones
Topic: Communicate
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Six Elements of Communication
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Interpersonal Communication
• Dynamic form of communication between two
or more people
• Three types:
• self-presentation goal: showing ourselves to others
• Instrumental goal: presenting information to meet our
needs
• Relationship goals: helping to build meaningful
connections with others
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Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
• The language we know, hear, and speak
determines our interpretation and
understanding of the world
• We are unconscious of this situation
• Each human’s “reality” is individual
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Nonverbal Communication
• Any and all communication besides words
• Comprises the majority of a message’s
meaning
• Examples: facial expressions, clothing,
proximity
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Classifications of Spatial Zones
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Computer Mediated
Communication (CMC)
• Sub-category of interpersonal communication
• Examples: texting, emailing, twittering
• Can infer and imply emotions
• May enhance quality of some relationships
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Self-Disclosure
• How much are you willing to share about
yourself?
• Personal disclosure is first step
• Affects quality of relationships
• What do you share?
– Insignificant facts
– Informational facts
– Highly significant facts
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Think Globally, Act Locally
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Act with compassion for others
Respect other cultures and beliefs
Travel internationally
Examine multiple viewpoints and philosophies
Think differently to solve problems related to
cultural differences
• Study historical perspectives on tensions
among people
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No Money for International Travel?
• Take a virtual global fieldtrip!
• Where have you always wanted to travel?
• Learn about other cultures, places, peoples
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Ethnocentrism and
Xenocentrism
• Ethnocentrism – belief that one’s own ethnic
background is superior and tendency to fear
or judge others as groups versus as individuals
• Xenocentrism – belief that other cultures are
superior to one’s own culture and that one’s
own culture has little value
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Beliefs
• Exclusivism – rejection of others’ differing
beliefs
• Inclusivism – tolerance of others’ beliefs
• Pluralism – giving legitimacy and validity to
others’ beliefs in context
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Prejudice and Discrimination
• Prejudice – preconceived opinion or feeling
formed without knowledge, thought, reason
• Discrimination – an action based on prejudice
against another (illegal act)
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Conflict in Relationships
• Many try to avoid conflict
• Conflict is inevitable
• Use it to better relationships by seeking winwin solutions
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Dealing with Difficult People
• Develop strategies to deal with people who:
– Manipulate
– Show off
– Goof off
– Stand by
– Complain
– Doom and gloom
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Conflict Management Tips
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Check yourself first
Don’t take it personally
Ask questions and communicate needs
Avoid physical and verbal confrontation
Walk away to safety if necessary
“Am I proud of my actions here?”
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Topic Reflections
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Strengthen your interpersonal communication skills
Use CMC along with face-to-face communication
Turn off technology sometimes
Develop a positive sense of self
Let people into your life through self-disclosure
Develop diverse relationships
Maintain close friendships
Learn to manage conflict
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