A R DIGITECH International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET) www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015 AUTOMATIC BRAKING WITH PNEUMATIC BUMPER SYSTEM KATORE S.R.*1, KADLAG S.C.*3, MANE P.V., PAWAR G.V.*4, PROF.LONDHE B.C.*4 1,2,3,4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, SND COE & RC, Yeola, Dist: Nashik-423401 Savitribai Phule Pune University, India. 5,Asst. Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SND COE & RC, Yeola, Savitribai Phule Pune University, India Keywords: Automatic Braking System, Pneumatic Abstract: Now a days vehicle accidents is the major problem. Bumper, Infrared sensor, Pre-crash Safety, Response This breaking system used an innovative Time of braking and Electromechanical system IT EC H project for the purpose of preventing accidents happens I. INTRODUCTION in the restricted roadways. The purpose of this system is intelligent electronically control with Today India is the most important under automatic bumper activation system is known as developed country in the world. India is the largest “Automatic braking with pneumatic bumper system”. country in the use of various type of vehicles. As the D IG based an This system is assembled on four wheeler Generally this system consist of two roads, and unavailability of new technologies in mechanisms and these are automatic braking system vehicles are cause for accidents. The number of peoples A and pneumatic bumper system. Automatic braking R vehicle. available resources to run these vehicles like quality of large as compared to the other causes of death. in system uses the infrared sensor (IR) which senses the which are dead during the vehicle accidents is also very vehicle which come in front of our system and which he d may be cause for accident. Then sensor gives feedback to engine through relay to stop the working of engine. bl is During the working of Automatic braking system simultaneously the driver of vehicle also try to Pu stop the vehicle by pressing brake pedal. Limit switch is provided below the brake pedal which used to activate Though there are different causes for these accidents but proper technology of braking system and technology to reduce the damage during accident are mainly affect on the accident rates. So today implementation of proper braking system to prevent the accidents and pneumatic bumper system to reduce the damage is must for vehicles. the pneumatic bumper and disc brake simultaneously to To achieve this system modification goal, we reduce the damage our vehicle which occurs if both vehicles collapse on each other. This provide pre-crash safety for vehicle. As well as this system improve the response time of vehicle braking to keep safe distance between two vehicles. By using this system we control the speed of vehicle in small distance. design this Automatic Braking with Pneumatic Bumper system. II. PROBLEM DEFINITION In conventional vehicles there are different mechanism operated for braking system like hydraulic, pneumatic, air, mechanical, etc. But all these braking mechanisms receive the signal or input power directly 1 A R DIGITECH International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET) www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015 from the driver so it totally manual operated. When the III. CONSTRUCTION AND WORKING driver saw the obstacle or any vehicle in front of his driving vehicle, he was irritated or becomes mazy. Due to this the driver fails to give the proper input to braking system and proper working is not occurs. Also the driver may not able to pay the full attention during night travelling so there are many chances to accidents. After the accident occurs, there is no any provision to minimize the damages of vehicles. In currently used IT EC H vehicles generally bumpers used are of rigid types. These bumpers have specific capacity and when the range of the accidental force is very high then the bumpers are fails and these force transferred towards D IG the passengers. So this system never reduces the damage of both vehicle and passengers. To overcome these unwanted effects we have to R design the Automatic Braking System with Pneumatic A Bumpers which have following objectives To increase the sureness of braking in he d Application. To increase the response time of braking bl is system. Fig.1: Constructional Block Diagram As this system is used at the time of emergency during work. In normal travelling of vehicle To improve the pre-crash safety. this system is off and it never impact on the normal To avoid the percentage of passenger working. When any obstacle, humans, animals or injury by using external vehicle safety. vehicle is came in front of the vehicle then the installed To reduce the requirement of internal infrared sensor senses that obstacle. The range of safety devices like air bags. distance between the vehicle and obstacle is variable. Pu This range is varied according to the density of vehicles or humans on road. The received signal by IR sensor is provided to the control unit. This control unit operates the relay according to the input signal. The relay operated by control unit cut off the electric power supply given to the engine so the working of engine is stop. When the engine stops the working the motion of vehicle suddenly reduces. At the same time of working 2 A R DIGITECH International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET) www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015 of IR sensor the driver also applied the brake so braking IV. CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES system works by two methods. 4.1 IR Sensor There are some incidence when the working of Specifications:- automatic braking works and engine running is also Sn= 500mm stop but due to the moment of inertia on vehicle tries to Voltage Range - 10-30Vdc forward motion of the vehicle. This inertia motion Max. Current - 200mA cause for accident. During such incidence the driver also uses manual braking system. In this manual braking system limit switch is also installed below the IT EC H brake pedal. By receiving the foot force of driver the limit switch activates and provide the signal to the solenoid control valve. Solenoid control valve opens port going towards the bumper system and brake shoes. D IG This pneumatic force used to forward motion of the bumper. By receiving the impact of accidental force bumper try to deflects. The flexible nature of the A this force on vehicle is reduces. When the external body R bumper able to sustain the force and so the impact of Pu bl is he d in is kept safe then there is no chance of inner damage. Fig.2: IR Sensor 4.2 Relay It is a control unit having specification 3P 240A. This control unit is act according to sensor signal to stop the engine and to apply breaking through solenoid valve Fig.2: Automatic Braking with Pneumatic Bumper System 3 A R DIGITECH International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET) www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015 Limit switch is control unit which is used in pneumatic bumper system. This switch is operated by force applied on brake pedal. According to applied force limit switch close or open the circuit for actuation D IG IT EC H of bumper system. R Fig.3: Relay Fig.5: Solenoid Valve A 4.3 Compressed Air Tank in Compress air tank is used to store the compressed Pu bl is he d air having pressure 1.5 bar. V. ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS 5.1 Advantages It able to Increase the sureness in braking system. Braking system able to give fast response. System able to increase the pre-crash safety. System able to provide more safety to the passengers. System plays an important role to save human life in road accidents. 5.2 Limitations System have few limitations in densely traffic road. Fig.4: Compressed Air Tank System have no provision to prevent and cure the accidents from rear side of vehicle. 4.4 Solenoid Valve 4 A R DIGITECH International Journal Of Engineering, Education And Technology (ARDIJEET) www.ardigitech.in ISSN 2320-883X, VOLUME 3, ISSUE 2, 01/04/2015 VI. APPLICATIONS This system may be applicable in all types of light vehicles like cars, Rickshaws, Tempos. This system also successfully installed in the heavy vehicles like buses, trucks, trailers, etc. VII. CONCLUSION Behind the designing of this system, our main aim is to IT EC H improve the prevention technique of accidents and also reducing the hazard from accidents like damage of vehicle, injury of humans, etc. We observed that our work is able to achieve all the objectives which are D IG necessary. References R [1] Erik Coelingh, etal, “Collision Warning with Auto A Brake”, Sweden, ppn: 07-0450. in [2] Dr. Kripal Singh, “Automobile Engineering – Vol. 1”, Standard Publishers Distributors New Delhi- he d 110 006 [3] S. P. Patil, “Mechanical System Design”, Second 001 bl is Edition, JAICO Publishing House, Mumbai 400 Pu [4] Dr.Sanjiy.K.Bhatia, Dr.George.M.Lacy, “Infra- Red Sensor Simulation”, Missouri,(2009) [5] Dr.Eung Soo Kim,”Fabrication of Auto Braking System Using Sensor”, International Journal Of control And Automation, Vol-2, and no1. 5