Livestock Health, Management and Production › High Impact Diseases › Contagious Diseases › Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) › Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) Author: Dr Mary-Louise Penrith Adapted from: 1. Drew, T.W. & Paton, D.J. 2004.Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. In Coetzer, J.A.W. & Tustin, R.C. (ed) Infectious Diseases of Livestock (2nd edn), Cape Town, Oxford University Press :933944. 2. Zimmerman, J.J., Benfield, D.A., Murtaugh, M.P., Osorio, F., Stevenson, G.W. & Torremorell, M., in Diseases of swine, 9th edn, edited by B.E. Straw, J.J. Zimmerman, S. D’Allaire & D.J. Taylor, Blackwell Publishing, Ames, Iowa : 387 – 417. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license. REFERENCES 1. Anderson, E.C., Hutchings, G.H., Mukarati, N. & Wilkinson, P.J. 1998. African swine fever virus infection of the bushpig (Potamochoerus porcus) and its significance in the epidemiology of the disease. Veterinary Microbiology, 62: 1–15. 2. Uhrmann, G., Koen, P.K. & Oosthuizen, C.M, 2008. A practical case study of the epidemiology, control and eradication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in South Africa (April 2004 – November 2005). Proceedings of the 20th IPVS Congress, Durban, South Africa, 22-26 June 2008, Oral Proceedings: 01.64. 3. Carlsson, U., Wallgren, P., Renström, L.H.M., Lindberg, A., Eriksson, H., Thorén, P., EliassonSelling, L., Lundeheim, N., Nörregard, E., Thörn, C. & Elvander, M., 2009. Emergence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in Sweden: Detection, response and eradication. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 56: 121-131. 4. Chen, N., Cao, Z., Yu, X., Deng, X., Zhao, T., Wang, L. Liu, Q., Li, X. &Tian, K. 2011.Emergence of novel European genotype porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Mainland China.Journal of General Virology 92: 880-892. 5. Dijkhuizen, A.A., Huirne, R.B.M. & Jalvingh, A.W. 1995. Economic analysis of animal diseases and their control. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 25: 135-149. 6. Dorr, P.M., Gebreyes, W.A., Almond, G.W. 2007. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: Age and management system disease modeling for pathogenic co-infection. Journal of Swine Health and Production 15: 258-263. 1|P a g e Livestock Health, Management and Production › High Impact Diseases › Contagious Diseases › Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) › 7. Drew, T.W. & Paton, D.J. 2004.Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. In Coetzer, nd J.A.W. & Tustin, R.C. (ed) Infectious Diseases of Livestock (2 edn), Cape Town, Oxford University Press :933-944. 8. Duinhof, T.F., van Schaik, G., van Esch, E.J.B. & Wellenberg, G.J. 2011. Detection of PRRSV circulation in herds without clinical signs of PRRS: Comparison of five age groups to assess the preferred age group and sample size. Veterinary Microbiology 150: 180-184. 9. Holtkamp, D.J., Yeske, P.E., Polson, D.D., Melody, J.L., Philips, R.C. 2010. A prospective study evaluating duration of swine breeding herd PRRS virus-free status and its relationship with measured risk. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 96: 186-193. 10. Lunney, J.K., Benfield, D.A., Rowland, R.R.R. 2010. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: An update on an emerging and re-emerging viral disease of swine. Virus Research 154:1-6. 11. Magar, R. & Larochelle, R. 2004. Evaluation of the presence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in pig meat and experimental transmission following oral exposure. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research, 68: 259-266. 12. Molina, R.M., Nelson, M.A., Christopher-Hennings, J., Hesse, R., Rowland, R.R.R. & Zimmerman, J.J. 2009. Evaluation of the risk of PRRSV transmission via ingestion of muscle from persistently infected pigs. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 56: 1-8. 13. Nöremark, M., Lindberg, A., Vågsholm, I., Sternberg Lewerin, S. 2009. Disease awareness, information retrieval and change in biosecurity routines among pig farmers in association with the first PRRS outbreak in Sweden. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 90: 1-9. 14. OIE 2011 Chapter 2.08.07 Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Terrestrial Manual for Diagnostics and Vaccines 2011, http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahm/2.08.07_PRRS.pdf 15. Pharo, H. & Cobb, S.P. 2011. The spread of pathogens through trade in pig meat: Overview and recent developments. Revue Scientifique et Technique, Office International des Épizooties 30: 139-148. 16. Polson D. & Hartsook, G. 2008. Successful PRRS elimination in a 5000 sow farrow-to-finish system through mass vaccination and pig flow. Proceedings of the 20th IPVS Congress, Durban, South Africa, 22-26 June 2008, Oral Proceedings: 01.52. 17. Sanford, S.E. 2002. PRRS – new methods of transmission. 22nd Centralia Swine Research Update, Kirkton, Ontario, 29 January 2002: I-34 – I-36. 2|P a g e Livestock Health, Management and Production › High Impact Diseases › Contagious Diseases › Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) › 18. Thanawongnuwech, R. & Suradhat, S. 2010. Taming PRRSV: Revisiting the control strategies and vaccine design. Virus Research 154: 133-140. 19. Torremorell, M., Rojas, M., Cuevas, L., de la Carrera, F., Lorenzo, F., Osorio, F. & Henry, S. 2008.National PRRSV eradication program in Chile. Proceedings of the 20th IPVS Congress, Durban, South Africa, 22-26 June 2008, Oral Proceedings: 01.55. 20. Zhou Y-J, Hao X-F, Tian G-Z, Yoo D, An T-Q, Zhou T, Li G-X, Qiu H-J, Wei T-C, Yuan X-F. 2008. Highly virulent porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus emerged in China. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 55: 152 – 164. 21. Zimmerman, J., Benfield, D.A., Murtaugh, M.P., Osorio, F., Stevenson, G.W. & Torremorell, M. th 2006.In: Straw, B.E., Zimmerman, J.J., D’Allaire, S. & Taylor, D.J. (eds). Diseases of Swine.9 edn, Blackwell Publishing, Ames, Iowa,: 387 – 417. Websites and e-newsletters 1. OIE Terrestrial Manual (www.oie.int) 2. ThePigSite (www.thepigsite.com/ ) 3. ThePigSite Newsletter (newsletters@5mpublishing.com) 4. Pig Progress (www.pigprogress.net) 5. PRRS Coordinated Agricultural Project (www.prrs.org) 6. URL for chapter in OIE Terrestrial Manual: http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahm/2.08.07_PRRS.pdf 3|P a g e