Team X Support to the Planetary Science Decadal Survey James M. Kaufman Manager, Advanced Concepts Development Office Planetary Science Decadal Survey Steering Group Meeting, July 6-8, 2009 Team X – JPL’s Approach to Advanced Concept Design • Team X: An advanced concept design team for generating rapidturnaround, innovative space mission concepts – People, Processes, and Tools – Owned and backed by the organizations responsible for executing flight projects – Staffed by discipline experts with significant flight project experience • Achieved through: – Concurrent engineering: Spacecraft subsystem experts (“chairs”) working in the same room, communicating in real time – Augmented with domain specialists as needed (e.g., EDL, EP, surface ops, sample return) – Models: Design tools, cost estimation relationships – Electronic integration: Spreadsheet inputs and outputs tied together across the chairs, automatic construction of technical resource and cost roll ups July 6-8, 2009 JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey JMK-2 Concurrent Engineering – What is it? • Traditional Method – Serial Start • Provide Staff Subsystem Design System Trades Cost End Concurrent Engineering – Parallel – Diverse specialists working in real time, in the same place, with shared data, to yield an integrated design Subsystem Design Start System Trades End Cost July 6-8, 2009 JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey JMK-3 Team X History • • • • • • Created in 1995 in conjunction with The Aerospace Corp. to address the need to create and evaluate many concepts in a short period of time NASA’s original concurrent engineering team Emulated by other Centers and industry Over 900 studies completed in the last 13 years Focus on continuous process improvement Profiled in Time magazine (Nov., 2005) July 6-8, 2009 JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey JMK-4 Team X Now RMA July 6-8, 2009 MCT (“Team X”) JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey JMK-5 Team X as Applied to the Decadal Survey CML 2 3 1 PS DS Panels 4 Science Goals RMA Promising Concepts Team X Existing Concepts (CML ≥ 3) July 6-8, 2009 Point Design and Cost PS DS Gate JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey Planetary Science Decadal Survey Committee JMK-6 Team X in Action • • • Team X – a concurrent engineering environment for rapid design and analysis of mission concepts Networked subsystems compute real-time design changes as the PI works with the team Visibility across subsystem disciplines facilitates issue resolution and identification of novel trades July 6-8, 2009 JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey JMK-7 900+ Diverse, Science-Driven Studies Completed • Architectures – S/C Constellations – Campaigns • Space Missions – – – – – – • Flight Systems – – – – • Planetary Mars Earth Lunar Astrophysics Human Orbiters Rovers Landers Aerobots Instruments – Remote sensing – In situ July 6-8, 2009 JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey JMK-8 Well-Defined Set of Study Products Trajectory Analysis & Visualization 640 630-640 630 620-630 620 610-620 610 600-610 600 590-600 590 580-590 580 570-580 570 560-570 560 95 550-560 Schedules 90 550 85 540 540-550 100 120 140 160 80 75 SOC 360 380 300 320 340 240 260 280 180 200 Pow er Use Duty Cycle End Final Point Design Report and Cost MOS/GDS 800 600 400 CDF of Total Instrument Cost 200 100% System-Level Resource Estimates 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 Time (min ) 90% 80% 1200 Propulsion 8 x MIT Thrusters Valves Temp Sensors Transducers Filters Lines 4 x 22 N Thrusters GHe N2H4 Master Equipment List 7.2 m Solar Array Power Heaters Valve Heaters Tank Heaters Line Heaters Entry System Telecom X-Band LGA xx dBi Supersonic Parachute Cruise Stage Sep Mech RPS HRS Cat Bed Heaters Backshell Sep Mech X-band LGA Subsonic Parachute Valve Drive Electronics MIMU IMU Descent Stage Structures & Configuration ACS 8 x 90 N Thrusters 6 x 3020 N Thrusters Valves Temp Sensors Transducers Filters Lines Chute Sep Mechanism Radar RF Electronics Radar Digital Electronics July 6-8, 2009 50 x 50 Deg FOV Ball CT 633 Star Tracker (2) 20X20 Deg FOV ACS Power Network Interface-DI MER Payload Svc Therm Sen Multiplex Thermal Interface Array Switching Load Switching (4) Thruster Drive Power Converter 216.5 Whr Thermal Battery (2) Chassis (2) GHe Ghe (8) N 2 H4 x4 Rover Sep Mechanism Landed Element Surrey SSTL Sun Sensor(2) Opt Nav Camera (2) Block Diagrams & Interface Analyses Temp Sensors Heatshield Sep Mech Cat-Bed Heaters Thermal Valve Heaters Cruise Stage x6 Power Valve Heaters Entry System Tank Heaters Supersonic Parachute 800 70% SOC Pow er Use 60% RTG Pow er Duty Cycle End 50% 40% 30% 20% 600 10% 7.2 m2 Solar Array 400 X Band HGA 36 dBi 1.0 m Diam 0% $- 200 $10 0 1000 2000 Line Heaters Backshell Sep Mech X-band LGA 8 x 90 N Thrusters 6 x 3020 N Thrusters Valves Temp Sensors Transducers Filters Lines Chute Sep Mechanism Radar RF Electronics Radar Digital Electronics ACS Surrey SSTL Sun Sensor(2) 4000 5000 Line Heaters Bus Heaters Entry System Project Cost Launch Vehicle Project Cost (w/o LV) Development Cost Operations Cost Generate ProPricer Input Team X Estimate CBE $1020.6 M $171.8 M $848.9 M $783.8 M $65.1 M Res. 24% 0% 29% 30% 15% "Corr." % PBE $1264.6 M $171.8 M $1092.8 M $1018.2 M $74.6 M CBE $968.5 M $171.8 M $796.7 M $737.9 M $58.8 M Res. 24% 0% 29% 30% 15% 20X20 Deg FOV Opt Nav Camera (2) ACS Chassis (2) GHe Ghe (8) N 2 H4 x4 Thermal Temp Sensors Heatshield Sep Mech Cat-Bed Heaters Valve Heaters Line Heaters Bus Heaters Entry System Corr. % -5% -6% -20% -20% -6% 0% 0% -12% -20% -20% NRE $867.5 M $630.5 M $22.3 M $26.0 M $18.2 M $18.3 M $226.8 M $121.2 M $4.3 M $22.9 M RE $330.3 M $328.1 M -11% -20% -20% -20% -30% -30% -20% 10% -30% 20% 0% -10% -10% -10% 0% -6% -20% -6% -10% -10% 0% -10% -10% -10% -10% -6% 0% -10% 0% 0% 0% $85.8 M $5.4 M $1.8 M $14.2 M $14.1 M $2.0 M $2.5 M $19.0 M $1.2 M $25.6 M $3.4 M $4.8 M $18.2 M $15.7 M $10.4 M $1.3 M $7.0 M $145.0 M $65.3 M $7.7 M $0.0 M $0.3 M $20.6 M $19.7 M $4.5 M $4.0 M $0.0 M $8.3 M $171.8 M $171.8 M $0.0 M $63.5 M $7.7 M $19.3 M $8.5 M $4.8 M $3.3 M $2.4 M $15.6 M $0.5 M $1.3 M $0.0 M $1.6 M PBE $1197.8 M $171.8 M $1026.1 M $958.6 M $67.4 M Cost Estimates WBS Elements Project Cost (including Launch Vehicle) Development Cost (Phases A - D) 01.0 Project Management 02.0 Project Systems Engineering 03.0 Mission Assurance 04.0 Science 05.0 Payload System 06.0 Flight System 6.01 Flight System Management 6.02 Flight System Systems Engineering 6.03 Product Assurance (included in 3.0) Element 01 6.04 Power 6.05 C&DH 6.06 Telecom 6.07 Structures (includes Mech. I&T) 6.08 Thermal 6.09 Propulsion 6.10 ACS 6.11 Harness 6.12 S/C Software 6.13 Materials and Processes 6.14 Spacecraft Testbeds 07.0 Mission Operations Preparation 09.0 Ground Data Systems 10.0 ATLO 11.0 Education and Public Outreach 12.0 Mission and Navigation Design Development Reserves Operations Cost (Phases E - F) 01.0 Project Management 02.0 Project Systems Engineering 03.0 Mission Assurance 04.0 Science 07.0 Mission Operations 09.0 Ground Data Systems 11.0 Education and Public Outreach 12.0 Mission and Navigation Design Operations Reserves 8.0 Launch Vehicle Launch Vehicle and Processing Nuclear Payload Support JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey NRE $918.3 M $674.3 M $27.8 M $32.5 M $19.5 M $18.3 M $226.8 M $136.0 M $5.4 M $28.6 M RE $346.2 M $343.9 M $93.2 M $6.8 M $2.2 M $17.8 M $20.2 M $2.9 M $3.1 M $17.2 M $1.7 M $21.3 M $3.4 M $5.4 M $20.3 M $17.4 M $10.4 M $1.4 M $8.8 M $155.0 M $72.3 M $8.6 M $0.0 M $0.4 M $22.9 M $21.9 M $5.0 M $4.3 M $0.0 M $9.3 M $171.8 M $171.8 M $0.0 M $75.0 M $9.7 M $24.1 M $10.6 M $6.9 M $4.8 M $3.0 M $14.2 M $0.7 M $1.1 M $0.0 M $1.8 M $9.9 M $164.2 M $76.8 M $13.0 M $0.7 M $79.4 M $2.3 M $0.0 M $2.0 M $0.3 M 1st Unit $1264.6 M $1018.2 M $27.8 M $32.5 M $29.4 M $18.3 M $391.0 M $212.8 M $5.4 M $28.6 M $0.0 M $168.2 M $16.5 M $26.3 M $28.4 M $27.1 M $7.6 M $6.1 M $31.4 M $2.3 M $22.4 M $3.4 M $7.1 M $20.3 M $17.4 M $23.4 M $2.1 M $8.8 M $234.4 M $74.6 M $8.6 M $0.0 M $0.4 M $22.9 M $21.9 M $5.0 M $6.3 M $0.0 M $9.6 M $171.8 M $171.8 M $0.0 M All Units $1264.6 M $1018.2 M $27.8 M $32.5 M $29.4 M $18.3 M $391.0 M $212.8 M $5.4 M $28.6 M $0.0 M $168.2 M $16.5 M $26.3 M $28.4 M $27.1 M $7.6 M $6.1 M $31.4 M $2.3 M $22.4 M $3.4 M $7.1 M $20.3 M $17.4 M $23.4 M $2.1 M $8.8 M $234.4 M $74.6 M $8.6 M $0.0 M $0.4 M $22.9 M $21.9 M $5.0 M $6.3 M $0.0 M $9.6 M $171.8 M $171.8 M $0.0 M $9.5 M $164.2 M $65.1 M $13.0 M $0.6 M $75.7 M $2.2 M $0.0 M $1.9 M $0.3 M 1st Unit $1197.8 M $958.6 M $22.3 M $26.0 M $27.7 M $18.3 M $391.0 M $186.3 M $4.3 M $22.9 M $0.0 M $149.3 M $13.2 M $21.1 M $22.7 M $18.9 M $5.3 M $4.9 M $34.6 M $1.6 M $26.9 M $3.4 M $6.4 M $18.2 M $15.7 M $23.4 M $2.0 M $7.0 M $220.7 M $67.4 M $7.7 M $0.0 M $0.3 M $20.6 M $19.7 M $4.5 M $5.9 M $0.0 M $8.6 M $171.8 M $171.8 M $0.0 M 6000 216.5 Whr Thermal Battery (2) "Corrected" Team X Estimate -5% 0% -6% -6% -10% ($M CY) 50 x 50 FOV TimeDeg (min ) Power Network Interface-DI MER Payload Svc Therm Sen Multiplex Thermal Interface Array Switching Load Switching (4) Thruster Drive Power Converter Rover Sep Mechanism Landed Element 3000 Ball CT 633 Star Tracker (2) Subsonic Parachute Valve Drive Electronics MIMU IMU Descent Stage $20 Telecom $30 $40 Total Instrument Cost X-Band LGA xx dBi 0 Cruise Stage Sep Mech RPS HRS Cat Bed Heaters COST SUMMARY (FY2009 $M) Star Tracker Heaters Star Tracker Heaters 1000 X Band HGA 36 dBi 1.0 m Diam 2 Thermal Opnav Heaters GHe N2H4 Thermal Opnav Heaters Heaters Cruise Stage x6 Valves Temp Sensors Transducers Filters Lines 4 x 22 N Thrusters Propulsion 8 x MIT Thrusters Probability 0 Battery SOC (Wh) or Power (W) Battery SOC (Wh) or Power (W) 1000 70 Technical Resource Scenario Analyses RTG Pow er 1200 220 Sensitivity Analysis All Units $1197.8 M $958.6 M $22.3 M $26.0 M $27.7 M $18.3 M $391.0 M $186.3 M $4.3 M $22.9 M $0.0 M $149.3 M $13.2 M $21.1 M $22.7 M $18.9 M $5.3 M $4.9 M $34.6 M $1.6 M $26.9 M $3.4 M $6.4 M $18.2 M $15.7 M $23.4 M $2.0 M $7.0 M $220.7 M $67.4 M $7.7 M $0.0 M $0.3 M $20.6 M $19.7 M $4.5 M $5.9 M $0.0 M $8.6 M $171.8 M $171.8 M $0.0 M JMK-9 7000 8000 9000 $50 Staff Covers the Breadth of JPL’s Capabilities • Over 20 discipline experts at the subsystem level • Extensive bench depth allows rapid staffing • • • • • • • • • • • Planetary Science DS Panel Scientist Study Lead Systems Engineer Deputy Systems Engineer Science Instruments Mission Design Trajectory and Visualization Configuration Power Propulsion July 6-8, 2009 • • • • • • • • • • • Mechanical Thermal Attitude Control Systems Command and Data Systems Telecom Hardware Telecom Systems Engineering Flight Software Ground Data Systems Programmatics / Risk Cost Domain specialists as needed JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey JMK-10 Facilities Enable Parallel Studies Product Design Center (PDC) Customer Team X Customer RMA Team X July 6-8, 2009 JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey JMK-11 DS Panel Interactions With Team X • Planning meeting – understand study needs – Begin preparation of inputs to Team X —Technical Data Package (TDP) • Pre-session – review study plan, schedule, and cost – Review TDP – Discuss needed pre-session design work • Complicated trajectory analysis (multi-body tours, etc.) • Special subsystem analysis (extreme environments, sample acquisition, etc.) • Payload definition (likely from DS panel) • • Non-concurrent pre-session work (by Team X personnel and/or DS Panel) Sessions — concurrent engineering design / costing – Typically, three 3-hour sessions to design and cost a mission • • Post-session, non-concurrent product completion Product delivery and closeout July 6-8, 2009 JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey JMK-12 Team X – Mature Point Designs for a Broad Class of Missions • Rapid-turnaround, cost-effective mission concept development spanning early to mid CMLs, leading to CML 4 products for PS Decadal Survey • Capabilities allow: – Wide breadth of mission concepts/disciplines – High Pre-Phase A concept definition maturity – CML 4 • Backed by refined and validated, institutionally supported integrated tools, models, and processes • Study results readily flow into larger, dedicated, in-depth study teams • Well-suited for all aspects of the Pre-Phase A design activities required by the PS Decadal Survey July 6-8, 2009 JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey JMK-13