Team X Support
to the Planetary Science Decadal Survey
James M. Kaufman
Manager, Advanced Concepts Development Office
Planetary Science Decadal Survey Steering Group Meeting, July 6-8,
2009
Team X – JPL’s Approach to Advanced Concept Design
•
Team X: An advanced concept design team for generating rapidturnaround, innovative space mission concepts
– People, Processes, and Tools
– Owned and backed by the organizations responsible for executing flight
projects
– Staffed by discipline experts with significant flight project experience
•
Achieved through:
– Concurrent engineering: Spacecraft subsystem experts (“chairs”) working in
the same room, communicating in real time
– Augmented with domain specialists as needed (e.g., EDL, EP, surface ops,
sample return)
– Models: Design tools, cost estimation relationships
– Electronic integration: Spreadsheet inputs and outputs tied together across
the chairs, automatic construction of technical resource and cost roll ups
July 6-8, 2009
JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey
JMK-2
Concurrent Engineering – What is it?
•
Traditional Method – Serial
Start
•
Provide
Staff
Subsystem
Design
System
Trades
Cost
End
Concurrent Engineering – Parallel
– Diverse specialists working in real time, in the same place, with shared data, to
yield an integrated design
Subsystem Design
Start
System Trades
End
Cost
July 6-8, 2009
JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey
JMK-3
Team X History
•
•
•
•
•
•
Created in 1995 in conjunction with The Aerospace Corp. to address the
need to create and evaluate many concepts in a short period of time
NASA’s original concurrent engineering team
Emulated by other Centers and industry
Over 900 studies completed in the last 13 years
Focus on continuous process improvement
Profiled in Time magazine (Nov., 2005)
July 6-8, 2009
JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey
JMK-4
Team X Now
RMA
July 6-8, 2009
MCT
(“Team X”)
JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey
JMK-5
Team X as Applied to the Decadal Survey
CML
2
3
1
PS DS
Panels
4
Science Goals
RMA
Promising
Concepts
Team X
Existing
Concepts
(CML ≥ 3)
July 6-8, 2009
Point Design
and Cost
PS DS Gate
JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey
Planetary
Science
Decadal Survey
Committee
JMK-6
Team X in Action
•
•
•
Team X – a concurrent engineering environment for rapid design and analysis of
mission concepts
Networked subsystems compute real-time design changes as the PI works with the
team
Visibility across subsystem disciplines facilitates issue resolution and identification of
novel trades
July 6-8, 2009
JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey
JMK-7
900+ Diverse, Science-Driven Studies Completed
•
Architectures
– S/C Constellations
– Campaigns
•
Space Missions
–
–
–
–
–
–
•
Flight Systems
–
–
–
–
•
Planetary
Mars
Earth
Lunar
Astrophysics
Human
Orbiters
Rovers
Landers
Aerobots
Instruments
– Remote sensing
– In situ
July 6-8, 2009
JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey
JMK-8
Well-Defined Set of Study Products
Trajectory
Analysis &
Visualization
640
630-640
630
620-630
620
610-620
610
600-610
600
590-600
590
580-590
580
570-580
570
560-570
560
95
550-560
Schedules
90
550
85
540
540-550
100
120
140
160
80
75
SOC
360
380
300
320
340
240
260
280
180
200
Pow er Use
Duty Cycle End
Final Point
Design Report
and Cost
MOS/GDS
800
600
400
CDF of Total Instrument Cost
200
100%
System-Level
Resource
Estimates
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
Time (min )
90%
80%
1200
Propulsion
8 x MIT
Thrusters
Valves
Temp Sensors
Transducers
Filters
Lines
4 x 22 N
Thrusters
GHe
N2H4
Master
Equipment
List
7.2 m
Solar
Array
Power
Heaters
Valve
Heaters
Tank
Heaters
Line Heaters
Entry
System
Telecom
X-Band
LGA xx dBi
Supersonic
Parachute
Cruise Stage
Sep Mech
RPS HRS
Cat Bed
Heaters
Backshell
Sep Mech
X-band LGA
Subsonic
Parachute
Valve Drive
Electronics
MIMU IMU
Descent Stage
Structures &
Configuration
ACS
8 x 90 N
Thrusters
6 x 3020 N
Thrusters
Valves
Temp Sensors
Transducers
Filters
Lines
Chute Sep
Mechanism
Radar RF
Electronics
Radar Digital
Electronics
July 6-8, 2009
50 x 50
Deg FOV
Ball CT
633 Star
Tracker (2)
20X20 Deg
FOV
ACS
Power
Network Interface-DI
MER Payload Svc
Therm Sen Multiplex
Thermal Interface
Array Switching
Load Switching (4)
Thruster Drive
Power Converter
216.5 Whr
Thermal
Battery (2)
Chassis (2)
GHe
Ghe (8)
N 2 H4
x4
Rover Sep
Mechanism
Landed Element
Surrey
SSTL Sun
Sensor(2)
Opt Nav
Camera (2)
Block
Diagrams &
Interface
Analyses
Temp
Sensors
Heatshield
Sep Mech
Cat-Bed
Heaters
Thermal
Valve
Heaters
Cruise Stage
x6
Power
Valve
Heaters
Entry
System
Tank
Heaters
Supersonic
Parachute
800
70%
SOC
Pow er Use
60%
RTG Pow er
Duty Cycle End
50%
40%
30%
20%
600
10%
7.2 m2
Solar
Array
400
X Band
HGA 36
dBi 1.0 m
Diam
0%
$-
200
$10
0
1000
2000
Line Heaters
Backshell
Sep Mech
X-band LGA
8 x 90 N
Thrusters
6 x 3020 N
Thrusters
Valves
Temp Sensors
Transducers
Filters
Lines
Chute Sep
Mechanism
Radar RF
Electronics
Radar Digital
Electronics
ACS
Surrey
SSTL Sun
Sensor(2)
4000
5000
Line Heaters
Bus Heaters
Entry System
Project Cost
Launch Vehicle
Project Cost (w/o LV)
Development Cost
Operations Cost
Generate
ProPricer Input
Team X Estimate
CBE
$1020.6 M
$171.8 M
$848.9 M
$783.8 M
$65.1 M
Res.
24%
0%
29%
30%
15%
"Corr." %
PBE
$1264.6 M
$171.8 M
$1092.8 M
$1018.2 M
$74.6 M
CBE
$968.5 M
$171.8 M
$796.7 M
$737.9 M
$58.8 M
Res.
24%
0%
29%
30%
15%
20X20 Deg
FOV
Opt Nav
Camera (2)
ACS
Chassis (2)
GHe
Ghe (8)
N 2 H4
x4
Thermal
Temp
Sensors
Heatshield
Sep Mech
Cat-Bed
Heaters
Valve
Heaters
Line Heaters
Bus Heaters
Entry System
Corr. %
-5%
-6%
-20%
-20%
-6%
0%
0%
-12%
-20%
-20%
NRE
$867.5 M
$630.5 M
$22.3 M
$26.0 M
$18.2 M
$18.3 M
$226.8 M
$121.2 M
$4.3 M
$22.9 M
RE
$330.3 M
$328.1 M
-11%
-20%
-20%
-20%
-30%
-30%
-20%
10%
-30%
20%
0%
-10%
-10%
-10%
0%
-6%
-20%
-6%
-10%
-10%
0%
-10%
-10%
-10%
-10%
-6%
0%
-10%
0%
0%
0%
$85.8 M
$5.4 M
$1.8 M
$14.2 M
$14.1 M
$2.0 M
$2.5 M
$19.0 M
$1.2 M
$25.6 M
$3.4 M
$4.8 M
$18.2 M
$15.7 M
$10.4 M
$1.3 M
$7.0 M
$145.0 M
$65.3 M
$7.7 M
$0.0 M
$0.3 M
$20.6 M
$19.7 M
$4.5 M
$4.0 M
$0.0 M
$8.3 M
$171.8 M
$171.8 M
$0.0 M
$63.5 M
$7.7 M
$19.3 M
$8.5 M
$4.8 M
$3.3 M
$2.4 M
$15.6 M
$0.5 M
$1.3 M
$0.0 M
$1.6 M
PBE
$1197.8 M
$171.8 M
$1026.1 M
$958.6 M
$67.4 M
Cost Estimates
WBS Elements
Project Cost (including Launch Vehicle)
Development Cost (Phases A - D)
01.0 Project Management
02.0 Project Systems Engineering
03.0 Mission Assurance
04.0 Science
05.0 Payload System
06.0 Flight System
6.01 Flight System Management
6.02 Flight System Systems Engineering
6.03 Product Assurance (included in 3.0)
Element 01
6.04 Power
6.05 C&DH
6.06 Telecom
6.07 Structures (includes Mech. I&T)
6.08 Thermal
6.09 Propulsion
6.10 ACS
6.11 Harness
6.12 S/C Software
6.13 Materials and Processes
6.14 Spacecraft Testbeds
07.0 Mission Operations Preparation
09.0 Ground Data Systems
10.0 ATLO
11.0 Education and Public Outreach
12.0 Mission and Navigation Design
Development Reserves
Operations Cost (Phases E - F)
01.0 Project Management
02.0 Project Systems Engineering
03.0 Mission Assurance
04.0 Science
07.0 Mission Operations
09.0 Ground Data Systems
11.0 Education and Public Outreach
12.0 Mission and Navigation Design
Operations Reserves
8.0 Launch Vehicle
Launch Vehicle and Processing
Nuclear Payload Support
JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey
NRE
$918.3 M
$674.3 M
$27.8 M
$32.5 M
$19.5 M
$18.3 M
$226.8 M
$136.0 M
$5.4 M
$28.6 M
RE
$346.2 M
$343.9 M
$93.2 M
$6.8 M
$2.2 M
$17.8 M
$20.2 M
$2.9 M
$3.1 M
$17.2 M
$1.7 M
$21.3 M
$3.4 M
$5.4 M
$20.3 M
$17.4 M
$10.4 M
$1.4 M
$8.8 M
$155.0 M
$72.3 M
$8.6 M
$0.0 M
$0.4 M
$22.9 M
$21.9 M
$5.0 M
$4.3 M
$0.0 M
$9.3 M
$171.8 M
$171.8 M
$0.0 M
$75.0 M
$9.7 M
$24.1 M
$10.6 M
$6.9 M
$4.8 M
$3.0 M
$14.2 M
$0.7 M
$1.1 M
$0.0 M
$1.8 M
$9.9 M
$164.2 M
$76.8 M
$13.0 M
$0.7 M
$79.4 M
$2.3 M
$0.0 M
$2.0 M
$0.3 M
1st Unit
$1264.6 M
$1018.2 M
$27.8 M
$32.5 M
$29.4 M
$18.3 M
$391.0 M
$212.8 M
$5.4 M
$28.6 M
$0.0 M
$168.2 M
$16.5 M
$26.3 M
$28.4 M
$27.1 M
$7.6 M
$6.1 M
$31.4 M
$2.3 M
$22.4 M
$3.4 M
$7.1 M
$20.3 M
$17.4 M
$23.4 M
$2.1 M
$8.8 M
$234.4 M
$74.6 M
$8.6 M
$0.0 M
$0.4 M
$22.9 M
$21.9 M
$5.0 M
$6.3 M
$0.0 M
$9.6 M
$171.8 M
$171.8 M
$0.0 M
All Units
$1264.6 M
$1018.2 M
$27.8 M
$32.5 M
$29.4 M
$18.3 M
$391.0 M
$212.8 M
$5.4 M
$28.6 M
$0.0 M
$168.2 M
$16.5 M
$26.3 M
$28.4 M
$27.1 M
$7.6 M
$6.1 M
$31.4 M
$2.3 M
$22.4 M
$3.4 M
$7.1 M
$20.3 M
$17.4 M
$23.4 M
$2.1 M
$8.8 M
$234.4 M
$74.6 M
$8.6 M
$0.0 M
$0.4 M
$22.9 M
$21.9 M
$5.0 M
$6.3 M
$0.0 M
$9.6 M
$171.8 M
$171.8 M
$0.0 M
$9.5 M
$164.2 M
$65.1 M
$13.0 M
$0.6 M
$75.7 M
$2.2 M
$0.0 M
$1.9 M
$0.3 M
1st Unit
$1197.8 M
$958.6 M
$22.3 M
$26.0 M
$27.7 M
$18.3 M
$391.0 M
$186.3 M
$4.3 M
$22.9 M
$0.0 M
$149.3 M
$13.2 M
$21.1 M
$22.7 M
$18.9 M
$5.3 M
$4.9 M
$34.6 M
$1.6 M
$26.9 M
$3.4 M
$6.4 M
$18.2 M
$15.7 M
$23.4 M
$2.0 M
$7.0 M
$220.7 M
$67.4 M
$7.7 M
$0.0 M
$0.3 M
$20.6 M
$19.7 M
$4.5 M
$5.9 M
$0.0 M
$8.6 M
$171.8 M
$171.8 M
$0.0 M
6000
216.5 Whr
Thermal
Battery (2)
"Corrected" Team X Estimate
-5%
0%
-6%
-6%
-10%
($M CY)
50 x 50
FOV
TimeDeg
(min
)
Power
Network Interface-DI
MER Payload Svc
Therm Sen Multiplex
Thermal Interface
Array Switching
Load Switching (4)
Thruster Drive
Power Converter
Rover Sep
Mechanism
Landed Element
3000
Ball CT
633 Star
Tracker (2)
Subsonic
Parachute
Valve Drive
Electronics
MIMU IMU
Descent Stage
$20
Telecom
$30
$40
Total Instrument Cost
X-Band
LGA xx dBi
0
Cruise Stage
Sep Mech
RPS HRS
Cat Bed
Heaters
COST SUMMARY (FY2009 $M)
Star Tracker
Heaters
Star Tracker
Heaters
1000
X Band
HGA 36
dBi 1.0 m
Diam
2
Thermal
Opnav
Heaters
GHe
N2H4
Thermal
Opnav
Heaters
Heaters
Cruise Stage
x6
Valves
Temp Sensors
Transducers
Filters
Lines
4 x 22 N
Thrusters
Propulsion
8 x MIT
Thrusters
Probability
0
Battery SOC (Wh) or Power (W)
Battery SOC (Wh) or Power (W)
1000
70
Technical Resource
Scenario Analyses
RTG Pow er
1200
220
Sensitivity Analysis
All Units
$1197.8 M
$958.6 M
$22.3 M
$26.0 M
$27.7 M
$18.3 M
$391.0 M
$186.3 M
$4.3 M
$22.9 M
$0.0 M
$149.3 M
$13.2 M
$21.1 M
$22.7 M
$18.9 M
$5.3 M
$4.9 M
$34.6 M
$1.6 M
$26.9 M
$3.4 M
$6.4 M
$18.2 M
$15.7 M
$23.4 M
$2.0 M
$7.0 M
$220.7 M
$67.4 M
$7.7 M
$0.0 M
$0.3 M
$20.6 M
$19.7 M
$4.5 M
$5.9 M
$0.0 M
$8.6 M
$171.8 M
$171.8 M
$0.0 M
JMK-9
7000
8000
9000
$50
Staff Covers the Breadth of JPL’s Capabilities
• Over 20 discipline experts at the subsystem level
• Extensive bench depth allows rapid staffing
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Planetary Science DS Panel
Scientist
Study Lead
Systems Engineer
Deputy Systems Engineer
Science
Instruments
Mission Design
Trajectory and Visualization
Configuration
Power
Propulsion
July 6-8, 2009
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mechanical
Thermal
Attitude Control Systems
Command and Data Systems
Telecom Hardware
Telecom Systems Engineering
Flight Software
Ground Data Systems
Programmatics / Risk
Cost
Domain specialists as needed
JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey
JMK-10
Facilities Enable Parallel Studies
Product Design Center (PDC)
Customer
Team X
Customer
RMA
Team X
July 6-8, 2009
JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey
JMK-11
DS Panel Interactions With Team X
• Planning meeting – understand study needs
– Begin preparation of inputs to Team X —Technical Data Package (TDP)
• Pre-session – review study plan, schedule, and cost
– Review TDP
– Discuss needed pre-session design work
• Complicated trajectory analysis (multi-body tours, etc.)
• Special subsystem analysis (extreme environments, sample acquisition, etc.)
• Payload definition (likely from DS panel)
•
•
Non-concurrent pre-session work (by Team X personnel and/or DS Panel)
Sessions — concurrent engineering design / costing
– Typically, three 3-hour sessions to design and cost a mission
•
•
Post-session, non-concurrent product completion
Product delivery and closeout
July 6-8, 2009
JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey
JMK-12
Team X – Mature Point Designs for a Broad Class of Missions
•
Rapid-turnaround, cost-effective mission concept development spanning
early to mid CMLs, leading to CML 4 products for PS Decadal Survey
•
Capabilities allow:
– Wide breadth of mission concepts/disciplines
– High Pre-Phase A concept definition maturity – CML 4
•
Backed by refined and validated, institutionally supported integrated tools,
models, and processes
•
Study results readily flow into larger, dedicated, in-depth study teams
•
Well-suited for all aspects of the Pre-Phase A design activities required by
the PS Decadal Survey
July 6-8, 2009
JPL Support to Solar System Decadal Survey
JMK-13