What You Need to Know about
Surge Protective Devices
November 14, 2008
Maher Diab
Surgelogic Division
Water Wastewater
Competency Center
Make the most of
SM
your energy
Outline
● Surge Protection Overview
● What is TVSS?
● Where do Transients come from?
● How do Transients reach our equipment?
● What is a Surge/Transient – More importantly – what isn’t a
surge/Transient?
● How do Surge Protective Devices Work
● Different Technologies Used
● Where does the excess voltage and current go?
● Cascading
● Lightning Study
● Implementing Surge Protection
● Cascading
● Lead Lengths
● Integral Solutions
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Outline
●Surgelogic Product Offer
● Internal Products
● External Products
● New Products
●Codes & Standards Update
● UL 1449 2nd Edition 2007
○ Changes & Impacts
○ Competitive Issues
● UL 1449 3rd Edition
○ Changes & Impacts
● NEC Update 2008
●Sales & Marketing Support
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Surge Protection Overview
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What is the Purpose of TVSS?
TVSS :-Transient Voltage Surge Suppressor
Term being replaced by SPD
SPD -
Surge Protective Device
Purpose:
To protect distribution systems and
critical equipment by limiting or
diverting damaging voltages and
currents.
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Where do Transient Surges come From?
Elevators
Lightning
X-Ray Machines
Copier Machines
Air conditioners
63%
inside
Electrical Accidents
37%
outside
Switching Cap Banks
Utility Grid Switching
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Who Needs Surge Protection?
●Every Market
○ Industrial to Residential
●Every Industry
○ Utility Power to Low Voltage Electronics
●Every Customer
○ Consulting Engineer to Home User
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The Effects of Transients on Business
$80B
“Power related problems cost companies
over $80 billion a year”
¾ High Facility Maintenance Costs
¾
Lost Sales
¾
Production Delays
¾
System Downtime
¾
Late Deliveries
¾
Idle Workforce
¾
Catastrophic Facility Damage
¾
Increased Spoilage and Scrap
(Source: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)
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Transients – A Problem of “The Electronic Age”
Expanded Use of Electronics
¾
Computerized Work Stations
¾
Telephone Systems
¾
Automated Assembly
¾
Medical Diagnostic Equipment
¾
Industrial Machine Tools
¾
Electronic Gas Pumps
¾
Automated Irrigation Controls
¾
Computers, Monitors & Copiers
¾
Security Systems
¾
Motor Control Systems
¾
Communications
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What is a Transient Surge?
Note:
The Transient overvoltage lasts just
microseconds.
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What is NOT a Transient Surge?
• Sustained Overvoltages
• Undervoltages
• Powerfactor Imbalance
• Harmonics
Surge Protective Devices are designed
to protect against one thing –
Transient Overvoltages
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How do Surge Protective
Devices Work?
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Technologies Used Today
MOV Technology
(Metal Oxide Varistor)
● Most commonly used throughout the
industry in ac protection
● Fast response time
● High surge current withstand
● Cost effective
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SPD Terminology
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SPD Terminology
Modes of Protection
(7 mode)
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SPD Terminology
Modes of Protection
(10 mode)
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Where does the Voltage and Currents Go?
Current will flow through the path of least resistance. Simply put, the SPD becomes the path of least
resistance and shunts the damaging energy before it is forced through the down stream equipment.
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Implementing Surge Protection
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Implementing Surge Protection
● July 15, 2000
● Tampa Bay Area
● National Lightning
Detection Network
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Implementing Surge Protection
●33,863
Recorded
Lightning
Strikes
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Implementing Surge Protection
●2,597 Positive Strokes
●95% were less than 30kA
●98% were less than 60kA
●31,266 Negative Strokes
●82% were less than 30kA
●98% were less than 60kA
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Implementing Surge Protection
It depends on where the stroke hits — but ANSI/IEEE indicates
30% or less of the stroke current would enter a
facility.
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Implementing Surge Protection
The Best Surge Protective Device
is Only as Good as its
Location and Installation
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Cascading
ANSI/IEEE C62.41
Cascading (layering) your
protection throughout your facility
insures proper protection for your
equipment.
Disturbance from
within a Facility (63%)
Line
SPD
SPD
Category C
Service Entrance
Neutral
SPD
Category B
Distribution / Branch
Panel
Category A
Load
Point of
Use
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Recommended Protection Levels
CLASS “C” SERVICE ENTRANCE
● 240kA – 250kA per phase
CLASS “B” DISTRIBUTION / BRANCH PANEL
● 160kA per phase
CLASS “B” SUB PANEL
● 80kA per phase
CLASS “A” POINT OF USE
● 40kA per phase or less
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Recommended Protection Levels
● kA ratings may be modified to correspond with the
intensity and frequency of transients.
● High lightning areas or areas with a high frequency
of Utility grid switching surges, etc. may require an
increased kA rating.
● The higher the frequency of surges, the higher the
kA rating should be.
● The dollar value of sensitive electronic equipment
which receives power from the Branch Panel needs
to be considered.
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Lead Lengths
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Advantages of Integral SPDs
Rough In Construction Phase
Conduit stubbed
up in concrete
before panels are
installed
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Side Mounted SPD’s Can Not Be Mounted Next To Panel
Lead length
= 6 - 10 feet
No space
between
panels
No space
above or
below due to
conduit
Increased
let-through
voltage can
be 100’s of
volts!
(160V / foot)
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Surgelogic Product Offer
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Surgelogic Offer
Internal Products
External Products
“IMA”
Modular
Assembly
I - LINE Plug-in SPD Unit
NQOD & NF SPD Panelboard
Switchboards, Switchgear
EMA
MCC Bucket with SPD Unit
QMB Plug-in SPD Unit
Busway Plug-in SPD Unit
EBA
Residential Products
OEM Products
HWA
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IMA
SURGELOGIC uses a common modular
system throughout ALL Internal and External
modular solutions.
•
Surge Rated up to 240 kA
•
Integrated fusing – thermal and short circuit fusing
•
Short Circuit Current rated up to 200 kA (SCCR)
•
Available in all Solidly Grounded voltage configs.
•
Standard Red/Green status indicators
•
Standards audible alarm with disable button
•
Standard form C dry contacts
•
Optional Surge Counter
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I-Line
Category B & C
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NQOD Assemblies
Category B & C
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NF Assemblies
Category B & C
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QMB Assemblies
Category B & C
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QED Assemblies
Category B & C
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PZ4 Assemblies
Category C
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MCC Assemblies
Category B & C
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Busway
Category B & C
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EMA
External Modular Assembly
•Modularity Provides Ease of Maintenance
•Modularity Provides Cost Effective Maintenance
•120, 160, 240, 320 & 480 kA Surge Current
available
•Audible Alarm & Dry Contacts Standard
•Optional Surge Counter
•Available with Optional Integral Disconnect
Category B & C
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New Product Updates
10-Mode
● Provides True 10-Modes of Protection
● Surge Current Ratings per Phase:
● 120, 180, 270, 360kA
● 200kA SCCR
● Modular Design Platform
● Sine Wave Tracking
● NEMA 3R & 4x Housings
● Surge Counter Standard
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New Product Updates
HRG
● Provides Protection from Immediate Interruption from a Phase to Ground Fault
● Surge Current Ratings per Phase:
● 120, 160, 200kA
● 200kA SCCR
● Modular Design Platform
● NEMA 3R & 4x Housings
● Optional Disconnect
● Surge Counter Standard
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EBA
External Brick Assembly
•Non-Modular
•Provides Competitive Price Point
•120, 160, 240 kA Surge Current available
•Audible Alarm & Dry Contacts Standard
•Optional Surge Counter
•Available with Optional Integral Disconnect
Category B & C
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HWA
Hard Wired Assembly
•Hardwired Unit
•Nipple Mounted
•NEMA type 3R, 4X, & 12 Enclosure
•50kA, 80kA or 120kA Surge Currents Available
•Audible Alarm & Dry Contacts Standard
Category A, B & C
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Surge Arresters
Secondary Surge Arrester (SDSA)
•Maximum Surge Capacity 36kA (Three Phase System)
•Maximum Surge Capacity 40kA (Single Phase System)
•Indoor/Outdoor Applications
•Perfect for OEM Opportunities
•LED Indicates Operational Status
Category C
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Miscellaneous OEM Products
Type LC – SPD Plus Filter - Category A
•Max Surge Capacity of 40kA
•Flange or DIN Rail Mounting
•LED Indicates Operational Status
•Up to -75dB Noise Filtration
•Connects in Series with the Input Power and Load
Type XR – SPD – Category A, B & C
•Max Surge Capacity of 40kA
•Back or Side Mounting
•Indoor or Outdoor Application
•LED Indicates Operational Status
•Audible Alarm
Multi-9 – SPD – Category A
•Surge Capacity Ratings of 20kA – 80kA
•DIN Rail Mounting
•Operational Status Indicator
•Must be Installed with Appropriate Merlin Gerin
Supplementary Protectors
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Residential
SurgeBreaker Plus - WholeHouse
•Residential whole house solution includes modular
AC unit, Tel and 2 CATV coax in metal enclosure
•Whole house available in NEMA1 and NEMA 3R
(summer 2007 launch) enclosures
•Replacement modules available
•Satellite coax also available
•Nema 3R low voltage solution includes modular telco
and 2 CATV coax in plastic N3R enclosure
Category A, B & C
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SurgeBreaker
Surgebreakers – QO & HOM
•Used with QO or Homeline Load Centers
•NQOD Panelboards
•Easy Plug-on Installation
Category B & C
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Codes & Standards Update
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Codes & Standards
UL 1449 Second Edition (Feb. 9th 2007) for SPD
¾ Requires
all SPD’s to be certified to the new Intermediate Fault Current levels
¾100 Amp, 500 Amp, 1000 Amp
SCCR
¾Square D Surgelogic has been compliant for nearly 5 years
¾ cUL/cUR product tested and complies to C22.2 NO. 8-M1986 and ECN NO. 516
UL 1449 Third Edition – Brief overview
¾Recently adopted by the UL1449 Standards Technical Panel (STP)
¾Effective date of September 2009
¾Type 1 – Service Entrance, Permanently connected line and load
Industry
Standard.
¾Type 2 – Load Side Branch Panel, Permanently connected
¾Type 3 – Point of Utilization, Plug In
¾Type 4 – Discrete components
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Codes & Standards
NEC 2008, Article 100, 280, and 285 for SPD
¾Article 100 - Surge Protective Devices (SPDs).
¾A protective device for limiting transient voltages by diverting or
limiting surge current. Includes Low Voltage Surge Arrestors.
¾Article 280.1 – HV Surge Arresters Above 1KV
(Previously was all Surge Arrestors)
¾ Article 285.1
¾ Type 1 Service Entrance permanently connected SPDs
including low voltage arrestors/protectors and meter sockets
¾Type 2
Branch panel permanently connected – load side
¾Type 3
Point of utilization – Plug In
¾Type 4 Discrete Components
Code.
¾Article 285.6 – Short Circuit Current Rating
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Codes & Standards
ANSI/IEEE C62.41.1 (2002)
IEEE Guide on the Surge Environment in Low Voltage (1000V and Less) AC
Power Circuits:
ANSI/IEEE C62.41.2 (2002)
IEEE Recommended Practice on Characterization of Surge Voltages in Low
Voltage AC Power Circuits:
ANSI/IEEE C62.45 (2002)
IEEE Recommended Practice on Surge Testing for Equipment Connected to
Low Voltage AC Power Circuits:
Guideline
ANSI/IEEE C62.72
(Development)
IEEE Recommended Practice on the Application of Surge Protective Devices in
LowVoltage AC Power Circuits:
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Sales & Marketing Support
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Surgelogic Marketing Support
● New Surgelogic Catalog Available on SQD Website
and Fulfillment Center
● SURGELOGIC.COM
● Simple Product Selector Capabilities
●
●
●
●
● Training Requests
● Whitepapers
● Competitive Information
● Collateral Postings
● Product Updates
Developing “Surge Application Guide”
Quarterly Newsletters
Quarterly Web Seminars
Continued CE Training Opportunities
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Surgelogic Marketing Support
●Engineers Toolkit
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Technical Support
Technical Assistance Group – TAG
● CES Support
● Sales Force Support
● Product Selection Assistance
● Competitive Insight
● Troubleshooting
● Consulting Engineer Firm Interaction
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Technical Support
Application Engineering
● Traveling Field Support
● Sales Force Support
● Installation Assistance
● Troubleshooting
● Consulting Engineer Training
● Customer Training
● Power System Quality Monitoring Capability
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Thank you