AC Direct LED Lighting Driver IC
AN-SW5909
SW5909
Non-isolation type AC Direct LED Lighting Driver IC
Application note
(AN-SW5909)
Rev 08: December.07, 2015
PR Announcement
Information provided by Silicon Works is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is
assumed by Silicon Works for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that
may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice.
No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Silicon Works.
Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Rev 0.8
Silicon Works Co., Ltd.
707 Tamnip-dong, Yuseong-gu
Daejeon, Korea 305-510
Tel : 82-42-712-7700
Fax: 82-42-710-7728
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AC Direct LED Lighting Driver IC
AN-SW5909
REVISION HISTORY
Revision
Date
Remark
Rev. 0.0
Jul.29, 2014
First issued
Rev. 0.1
Sep.12, 2014
Added Dimming-information
Rev. 0.2
Oct.06,2014
Changed Application Circuit
Rev. 0.3
Nov.04,2014
Added High Power Application Circuit
Rev. 0.4
Dec.18,2014
Pin description changed
Rev. 0.5
Dec.22,2014
Analog dimming operation figure was changed
Rev. 0.6
Aug.05,2015
Pin description and Absolute maximum ratings changed
Rev. 0.7
Sep.10,2015
Pin description changed
Rev. 0.8
Dec.07,2015
- Application circuit changed
- SMT condition – information added
- Packaging Information changed
Rev 0.8
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 6
1.1. Description ............................................................................................................... 6
1.2. Package QFN-20 ....................................................................................................... 6
1.3. Features .................................................................................................................... 7
2. Theory ...................................................................................................................................................... 8
2.1. LED properties.......................................................................................................... 8
2.2. 다이악 (Diac) ............................................................................................................ 9
2.3. 트라이악 (Triac) .......................................................................................................10
2.4. LED Dimming........................................................................................................... 11
3. Application Information ........................................................................................................................ 12
3.1. Reference circuits ...................................................................................................12
3.2. Bill of Materials ........................................................................................................13
3.3. PCB Layout ..............................................................................................................14
3.4. PCB (Printed Circuit Board)....................................................................................14
3.5. PBA (Printed Board Assembly) ..............................................................................15
4. Pin Configuration and Functionality ................................................................................................... 16
4.1. Package QFN-20 ......................................................................................................16
4.2. Pin Configuration ....................................................................................................16
5. Design Information ............................................................................................................................... 17
5.1. Channel Operation ..................................................................................................17
5.2. 각 Channel의 LED 수량 정하는 공식 ....................................................................18
5.3. VCOMP (VAC Compensation) .................................................................................19
5.4. OTP (Over Temperature Protection) .......................................................................20
5.5. Surge Protection .....................................................................................................20
6. Dimming Operation………………… ..................................................................................................... 21
7. High Power LED Driver 설계 ( > Input Power 60W )………………………………………….……… ... 23
7.1. High Power Reference Circuit ................................................................................23
7.2. Bill of Materials ........................................................................................................24
7.3. PCB Layout ..............................................................................................................25
8. Packaging Information ......................................................................................................................... 26
Rev 0.8
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AC Direct LED Lighting Driver IC
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Pin Configuration (Top, Bottom) ........................................................................................ 6
Figure 2. LED Pin Configuration ........................................................................................................ 8
Figure 3. Current-Voltage Characteristic of LED ……………………................................................. 8
Figure 4. Symbol of DIAC ………………………………………….......................................................... 9
Figure 5. Characteristic Curve of DIAC ............................................................................................. 9
Figure 6. Symbol of TRIAC ................................................................................................................ 10
Figure 7. Characteristic Curve of TRIAC ........................................................................................... 10
Figure 8. Forward Phase – Dimmer Maximum On ........................................................................... 11
Figure 9. Forward Phase – Dimmer Minimum On ............................................................................ 11
Figure 10. Reverse Phase – Dimmer Maximum On .......................................................................... 11
Figure 11. Reverse Phase – Dimmer Minimum On ........................................................................... 11
Figure 12. Application Circuit of SW5909 (Non-Dimming Application Circuit)............................ 12
Figure 13. Single SW5909 Drive PCB Layout ................................................................................... 14
Figure 14. Single SW5909 Drive PCB ................................................................................................ 14
Figure 15. Single SW5909 Drive PBA .............................................................................................. 15
Figure 16. Pin Configuration ............................................................................................................ 16
Figure 17. Channel Switching with Respect to Input Voltage Level ............................................. 17
Figure 18. Example of LED Quantity for AC Input Voltage ............................................................ 18
Figure 19. VCOMP Power Compensation Waveform …………………............................................... 19
Figure 20. VCOMP Power Compensation Graph ............................................................................... 19
Figure 21. PWM Dimming Operation………………………………………………………………..…. 21
Figure 22. Analog Dimming Operation…………………………………………………………………
21
Figure 23. Application Circuit of SW5909_High Power (Non-Dimming Application Circuit)…. 23
Figure 24. SW5909 High Power LED Drive PCB Layout ................................................................. 25
Figure 25(1),(2). Package Dimensions ........................................................................................ 26,27
Rev 0.8
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Features ………......................................................................................................................... 7
Table 2. Bill of Materials ....................................................................................................................... 13
Table 3. Pin Configuration of QFN-20 ….............................................................................................. 16
Table 4. Channel Current Calculation …………………......................................................................... 18
Table 5. Total LED Operation …............................................................................................................ 18
Table 6. Surge Protection Solution…………..…………........................................................................ 20
Table 7. PWM & 0-10V Dimming Sequency of Operation………………………………………………. 22
Table 8. High Power LED Driver- Bill of Materials……….………………………………………………. 24
Rev 0.8
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AC Direct LED Lighting Driver IC
AN-SW5909
1. Introduction
1.1. Description
The Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are used as indicator lamps in many devices and are increasingly
used for other lighting.
The SW5909 is an AC Direct driving LED controller IC. It is able to replace other lighting systems
that are using AC voltage directly such as light bulb, halogen lamp and so on. It will give much
convenience to the design because it requires a small number of external components.
The SW5909 will help engineers to produce excellent products in LED lightings for energy efficiency,
design efficiency, cost efficiency, and so on.
1.2. Package QFN-20
Figure1. Pin Configuration (Top, Bottom)
Rev 0.8
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AC Direct LED Lighting Driver IC
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1.3. Features
SW5909
AC Input Voltage Range
85V ~ 290V
Power
20~40W@220V
Number of channel
4CH
Maximum current for channel
240mA
Power Factor Correction
> 0.97 (@220V)
Power Efficiency
> 90% (@220V)
EMI
No internal high frequency noise generation
Protection
Thermal resistance
OTP, Inherent OCP
(
JA)
32.0 ℃/W
- Automatic Power Regulation
Input Power±3%@Typ. Vac±20%dependent on LED array string
Etc.
- Analog & PWM Dimming Function
- Very small number of external components for application
Embedded four constant current drivers composed of 700V MOSFET device
Table1. Features
Rev 0.8
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2. Theory
2.1. LED Properties
The Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are composed of materials that
easily emit light such as GaAs and GaP. If a diode is under forwardbias condition, holes and electrons are recombined and it will emit
light with color like green, red, yellow etc.
When a current flows through a LED, it can only flow in one way, and
fixed voltage is measured at the both ports of the LED.
Unlike any
resistors, the voltage across the LED doesn’t change as current flow
through it.
An I-V characteristic graph of LED is in Figure 3.
The current barely flow until voltage is above 0 volts, and when it
reaches its threshold voltage, the amount of current flows rapidly
increase as shown below. Such characteristic is called diode's
constant voltage dropping characteristic.
Figure2. LED Pin Configuration
Forward Current(I)
IF
VR
Reverse Voltage(V)
IR
VF
Forward Voltage(V)
Reverse Current(I)
Figure 3. Current – Voltage Characteristic of LED
Rev 0.8
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2.2. DIAC
DIAC(Diode for Alternating Current) is composed of two electrodes; A1 and A2.
A1
A2
Figure4. Symbol of DIAC
DIAC operates same as two Shockley diodes connected in parallel.
It is an AC (Alternating Current) diode that conducts current only after its break over voltage
(around 30 V) has been reached momentarily
When this occurs, diode enters the region of negative dynamic resistance, leading to a decrease in
the voltage drop across the diode and, usually, a sharp increase in current through the diode. The
diode remains "in conduction" until the current through it drops below a value characteristic for the
device, called the holding current. Below this value, the diode switches back to its high-resistance
(non-conducting) state. This behavior is bidirectional, meaning typically the same for both directions
of current.
IF
IH
VR
-VBR(R)
0
VF
VBR(F0)
- IH
IR
Figure5. Characteristic Curve of DIAC
Rev 0.8
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2.3. TRIAC
TRIAC (Triode for alternating Current) is used for controlling AC power, and it is much like DIAC
with a gate (trigger) electrode.
A1
G
A2
Figure6. Symbol of TRIAC
TRIAC does not need to reach break over voltage to turn itself on unlike DIAC, but it needs a
current pulse for triggering on its gate.
Basically TRIAC is SCR connected together in parallel
sharing a common gate. But current can flow in any direction on TRIAC depends on the polarity of
gate triggered with respect to the A1 terminal.
IA
I G2
IG1
IG0
IH0
IH1
IH2
-V A
VBR(R0) VBR(R1) VBR(R2)
0
VA
VBR(F2) VBR(F1) VBR(F0)
- IH2
- IH1
- IH0
-IG0
-I G1 -IG2
-IA
Figure7. Characteristic Curve of TRIAC
Rev 0.8
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2.4. LED Dimming
LED is an eco-friendly light source which has high resistance against pressure or vibration. LED
light brightness is easily controlled, and it leads to saving extra energy.
LED dimming (phase cut dimming) is typically composed of TRIAC, DIAC, resistors and condenser,
etc.
Among those components, TRIAC and DIAC work as system on-off switch which makes it
possible to have dimming option.
There are two ways to operate dimming.
-
Positive angle/Leading edge dimming: forward phase operation.
-
Negative angle/Trailing edge dimming: reverse phase operation.
Forward phase operation dimmer decides when the dimmer should turn on by a switch when an
input voltage zero crossing happens.
On the other hand, reverse phase dimmer decides when the
dimmer should turn off by a switch when an input voltage zero crossing happens.
Figure8. Forward Phase – Dimmer Maximum On
Figure9. Forward Phase – Dimmer Minimum On
Figure10. Reverse Phase – Dimmer Maximum On
Figure11. Reverse Phase – Dimmer Minimum On
Rev 0.8
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3. Application Information
3.1. Reference Circuit
SW5909 is a Non-isolation-type AC Direct LED Lighting Driver IC.
Using AC directly has much more benefits than using DC directly.
-
High efficiency
-
Small form factor
-
Low system cost
-
A wide range of input voltage(application) (85V~290V)
-
Long life system configuration ; no external transformer / high voltage electrolytic capacitor
-
Very small number of external components for application
Figure12. Application Circuit of SW5909 ( Non-Dimming Application Circuit )
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3.2. Bill of Materials
Symbol
Value
Size
Manufacturer
6mm X 6mm
Silicon Works
Comment
IC1
SW5909
Fuse
AC Fuse
SPT Fuse / 250V / 1A
Varistor
275VAC
Varistor / 275VAC
Bridge
600V0.5A
RCOMP1
1.5M
3216
1.5MΩ
RES 1%, 0.25W
RCOMP2
1.5M
3216
1.5MΩ
RES 1%, 0.25W
RCOMP3
12K
2012
12kΩ RES 1%, 0.125W
CCOMP
10nF
2012
CAP MLCC 10nF 50V X7R 2012
RISET_1
10Ω
3216
10Ω RES 1%, 0.25W 3216
RISET_2
10Ω
3216
10Ω RES 1%, 0.25W 3216
CCDLY
10nF
2012
CAP MLCC 10nF 50V X7R 2012
CPDC
2.2uF
2012
CAP MLCC 2.2uF 25V X7R 2012
CVDD
2.2uF
2012
CAP MLCC 2.2uF 25V X7R 2012
CVCC
10uF
3216
CAP MLCC 10uF 35V X7R 3216
Cin
10nF
3225
CAP MLCC 10nF 630V X7R 3225
TO-269AA
Non-isolation-type AC Direct LED Lighting Driver IC
MB6S SMD / 600V / 0.5A
Table2. Bill of Materials
Rev 0.8
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3.3. PCB Layout
< Top Layer >
Figure13. Single SW5909 Drive PCB Layout
3.4. PCB (Printed Circuit Board)
TBD
Figure14. Single SW5909 Drive PCB
Rev 0.8
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3.5. PBA (Printed Board Assembly)
< Top Side >
Figure15. Single SW5909 Drive PBA
Rev 0.8
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4. Pin Configuration and Functionality
4.1. Package QFN-20 (6mm x 6mm)
Figure16. Pin configuration
4.2. Pin Configuration
Pin No.
Name
Operating
ABS Max.
Voltage
Rating
IN/OUT
Description
1
VAC
IN
450V
700V
IC Supply Input Voltage
2
CH1
IN
100V
700V
Channel 1 for LED channel current
3
CH2
IN
100V
700V
Channel 2 for LED channel current
4
CH3
IN
100V
700V
Channel 3 for LED channel current
5
CH4
IN
100V
700V
Channel 4 for LED channel current
8
VCOMP
IN/OUT
5.5V
10V
VAC compensation of typ. VIN
9
PDC
IN/OUT
5.5V
10V
External capacitor for peak detection of typ. VIN
10
RISET
IN/OUT
1.2V
5V
LED channel current set pin
12
CDLY
IN/OUT
5.5V
10V
External capacitor for Channel On delay
13
GNDA
14
DIMEN
IN/OUT
5.5V
10V
ADIM enable pin
15
VDD
IN/OUT
5.5V
10V
Internal regulation voltage
17
ADIM/PWM
IN
20V
30V
ADIM/PWM dimming input pin
18
TST
IN
Analog GND
IC internal block test pin. This pin should be
connected to GND in normal operation
19
VCC
IN/OUT
20V
30V
Pre-driving regulation voltage
Table3. Pin Configuration of QFN-20
Rev 0.8
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5. Design Information
5.1. Current for Channels
Current load at each channel is decided by external RISET resistor and internal channel amplifier’s
Vref voltage level.
The relationship between external RISET resistor and channel current is explained in the table 5.
No.
Calculation
Channel vs. Current ratio
Example (RISET=5Ω)
1
CH1 Current = 0.40(Vref) / RRISET
1
0.40 / 5 = 80 mA
2
CH2 Current = 0.80(Vref) / RRISET
2
0.80 / 5 = 160 mA
3
CH3 Current = 1.00(Vref) / RRISET
2.5
1.00 / 5 = 200 mA
4
CH4 Current = 1.20(Vref) / RRISET
3
1.20 / 5 = 240 mA
Table4. Channel Current Calculation
Figure17. Channel Switching with Respect to Input Voltage Level
Rev 0.8
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5.2. LED Quantity for Channels
The equation that decides the number of LEDs on each channel is shown in the table below.
Number of LEDs for Channel = VCH÷VF(LED)
Channel
VCH range
VCH Min
VCH Max
CH1
3 ~ (VAC * 1.414 – VCH2~4 MAX V)
3V
450V
CH2
3 ~ 120V
3V
450V
CH3
3 ~ 120V
3V
450V
CH4
3 ~ 120V
3V
450V
VAC input x √2 = VCH1+VCH2+VCH3+VCH4
85V < VAC input < 290V
AC input Operating Voltage Range = (VCH1+VCH2+VCH3+VCH4 )±15V
Table5. Total LED Operation
Figure18. Example of LED Quantity for AC Input Voltage(VF=3.0V)
Rev 0.8
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5.3. VCOMP (VAC Compensation)
If there is some amount of change in input voltage within a range of ±20%, then there is going to be
same amount change in input power, because internal reference voltage is fixed no matter what
input voltage is.
In order to compensate the phenomena, the peak value of input voltage is sampled and compared
to the standard input voltage. Then the system modulates level of channel ref voltage by the
amount of the deviation of peak and standard input voltage in order to compensate input power.
Figure19. VCOMP Power Compensation Waveform
Figure20. VCOMP Power Compensation Graph
Rev 0.8
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5.4. OTP (Over Temperature Protection)
OTP protects the IC by shutting down all channels when the Junction temperature of IC rises above
specific temperature limit (typ. 150℃).
5.5. Surge Protection Solution
- Line to Line 1.2us x 50us Voltage, 8us x 20us Current
- Phase Angle 0º, 90º, 180º, 270º
Surge
Fuse
Varistor
1.0kV
AEM MF2410F2.000TM
SFI2220SV431-501A
SMD Type
1.5kV
Little Fuse 0443001
EPCOS CU4032K275G2
SMD Type
2.0kV
Little Fuse 0443001
WMEC WMR10D431K
Disk Type
4.0kV
Little Fuse 80415000440
EPCOS S20K275E3K1
Disk Type
Table6. Surge Protection Solution
Rev 0.8
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6. Dimming Operation
The SW5909 LED brightness can be adjusted by applying the external PWM signal. PWM dimming
command feed PWM to ADIM / PWM pin. When PWM duty 10% > PWM > 100% operated in
negative polarity dimming mode.
Figure 21. PWM Dimming Operation
Also LED brightness can be adjusted by applying the external analog voltage. Analog dimming
command feeds external voltage to ADIM / PWM pin. External analog voltage range is
1V < VADIM< 10V. SW5909 operates in positive polarity mode as below figure. When the VADIM is
over 9.6V, the LED brightness reaches the 100%
Figure 22. Analog Dimming Operation.
Rev 0.8
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①
②
IC-DIMEN Connection
IC-ADIM/PWM Connection
( Pin No.14 )
( Pin No.17 )
Input Power(W)
Inverse proportion to the
PWM
Dimming
Input PWM signal
Input PWM Duty(%)
GND
(ex. 10W Module
( Vpk 3V~8V )
: Duty 10% → 10W )
Direct proportion to the
[ Input High Signal (Typ.5V) ]
1-10V
Dimming
Input VDC
Input 1-10VDC
or
(ex. 10W Module
[Connect with Pin 15(VDD)]
: 10VDC → 10W )
Table7. PWM & 0-10V Dimming Sequency of Operation
< PWM Dimming>
Rev 0.8
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<1-10V Dimming>
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7. High Power LED Driver Design ( > Input Power 60W )
7.1. High Power Reference Circuit
Figure 23. Application Circuit of SW5909_High Power ( Non-Dimming Application Circuit)
Rev 0.8
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7.2. Bill of Materials
Symbol
Value
Size
Manufacturer
Comment
U1, U2
SW5909
6mm X 6mm
Silicon Works
Fuse
AC Fuse
SPT Fuse / 250V / 1A
Varistor
275VAC
Varistor / 275VAC
Bridge
600V, 1A
TO-269AA
RCOMP1
1.5M
3216
1.5MΩ
RES 1%, 0.25W
RCOMP2
1.5M
3216
1.5MΩ
RES 1%, 0.25W
RCOMP3
12K
2012
12kΩ RES 1%, 0.125W
CCOMP
10nF
2012
CAP MLCC 10nF 50V X7R 2012
3216
10Ω RES 1%, 0.25W 3216
RISET_1, RISET_3
10Ω
Non-isolation-type AC Direct LED Lighting Driver IC
DF06S SMD / 600V / 1A
( Different Value, depending on the Input Power )
RISET_2, RISET_4
22Ω
3216
22Ω RES 1%, 0.25W 3216
( Different Value, depending on the Input Power )
CCDLY
10nF
2012
CAP MLCC 10nF 50V X7R 2012
CPDC
2.2uF
2012
CAP MLCC 2.2uF 25V X7R 2012
CVDD
2.2uF
2012
CAP MLCC 2.2uF 25V X7R 2012
CVCC
10uF
3216
CAP MLCC 10uF 35V X7R 3216
DZ1, DZ2,
Zener 18V
UDZ18B SMD 0.5W
600V / 4A
FDD5N60NZTM , SMD N-MOSFET
DZ3, DZ4
Q1, Q2,
Q3, Q4
FET_R1, FET_R2,
270K
3216
270KΩ RES 5%, 0.25W 3216
FET_R3, FET_R4
Table8. High Power LED Driver- Bill of Materials
Rev 0.8
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7.3. PCB Layout
Figure24. SW5909 High Power LED Drive PCB Layout
Rev 0.8
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8. Packaging Information
QFN, 20 pins, 6mm x 6mm x 0.85mm, 0.8mm pitch (※ E-PAD must not be connected with GND, Floating)
< TOP & SIDE VIEW >
Figure 25 (1). Package Dimensions
Rev 0.8
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< BOTTOM VIEW >
Figure 25 (2). Package Dimensions
※ SMT Condition(@QFN Type)
- Mask Thickness 0.12T
- Solder Paste 0.1~0.3g each
Rev 0.8
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