ZERO-EMISSION TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND
CAPACITY BUILDING FOR A SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT IN GHANA:
The case of Kumasi
By:
Anthony Mensah
Waste Management Director,
Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly, Kumasi, Ghana
At the:
International Conference on Circular Economy Rhineland-Palatinate 2010
Date:
1st December, 2010
Venue:
IFAS, Environmental Campus, Birkenfeld, Germany
KUMASI
GARDEN
CITY
OF
WEST
AFRICA
18
85
16
65
6
LOCATION AND SIZE
Transitional forest zone
270 km north of the national
capital of Ghana (Accra)
Total land cover is 245 square
kilometres
Approximately 10 kilometres
radius
MAP OF KUMASI SHOWING THE SUB-MEROS
MAP OF GHANA INDICATING KUMASI
HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND
Capital of the Asante
Kingdom
Founded in 1680 by
King Osei Tutu I
Started with three
communities namely
Adum, Krobo and
Bompata
Colonised by British in
1890
Currently comprised
over ninety (90) suburbs
FRONT VIEW OF MANHYIA PALACE
POPULATION
Current resident
population is 2.0 million
Current commuting
population is 500,000
Constitute 1/3 of Ashanti
Region
Growth rate of 5.47%
(national is 2.7%)
Population density is
5,419/sq. km
Urban – Rural Split:
Urban area – 48%
Peri urban area – 46%
Rural area – 6%
Labour force - 58%
A SECTION OF THE POPULATION
GOVERNANCE
TRADITIONAL
AUTHORITY
“Otumfuo” is the occupant
of the Golden Stool
All Traditional Authority is
vested in him
All lands in the kingdom
are vested in him
He enormous respect
4 of the 65 paramount seats
in the Kingdom are in
Kumasi. These are
Adum
Amekom
Bantama
Tafo
OTUMFUO OSEI TUTU II
POLITICAL
ADMINISTRATION
CENTRAL ADMINISTRATION BLOCK OF KMA
General Assembly of 87
members
60 of them elected and 27
appointed by the
government
Headed by a City Mayor
Operates through:
A Centralised
Administration
10 Sub Metropolitan
District Councils
24 Town Councils
60 Unit Committees
MAYOR OF KUMASI
Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly
General Assembly
Metro Chief Executive
Executive Committee
(chared by MCE)
Public Relations & Complaints Committee
(chaired by Presiding Member)
(Reporting)
Finance and Administration
Works
Sub-committees
committees
Environment
Development Planning
Metro
Coordinating
Director
Revenue Mobilisation
Disaster
Education
Food and Agriculture
(Administrative)
Women and Children
Internal Audit
Not decentralised / devolved
Fully or partly decentralised / Devolved
NADMO
Metro Health
Services Dep.
Metro Roads Dep.
Works Unit.
Waste
Management Dep.
Town & Country
Planning Dep.
Food & Agric. Dep.
Central
Administration
headed by
Deputy MCD
Finance &
Revenue Dep
Metro Planning &
coordination Unit
Metro
Public Health Dep.
Soc. Welfare,
Com. Dev. Dep.
Budget and
Rating Unit
Legal Dep incl.
Metro Security
Education,
Youth, Sport Dep
Management Info.
System Unit
Social Services
SELECTED SOCIAL AND
ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE
SERVICES AND EMISSION
SECTORS
ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
Major economic activity
points are:
Central market (largest
open air market in West
Africa)
Adum Shopping Centre
Suame Magazine (largest
mechanical garage in West
Africa)
Kaase/Asokwa Industrial
Area
Sokoban Wood Village
ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
Development Issue:
Poor and inadequate
Market infrastructure
Manifestations:
Trading in dilapidated
wooden structures
Haphazard location of
make-shift structures
Selling on the streets
Selling in open spaces
Heavy human and
vehicular traffic at the
CBD
SELLING ON THE STREET
WATER
63% of households have access to pipe water
facilities
Development Issue:
Irregular flow of pipe born water
Manifestations:
Long queues at private commercial water
facilities
Dependence on uncovered hand-dug wells
Fetching water from streams for domestic use
WATER
On going intervension Solutions
Extension of pipe born water system through
the expansion of treatment works and
distribution network
Construction of public mechanised boreholes
with overhead tanks in deprived communities
Solid Waste Management
Solid Waste
Generation per
day - 1,500
metric tons
Collection per
day – 1,300
metric tons
Organic
proportion - over
65%
Collection Systems
House-to-house
collection
- 20%
Communal
Collection – 80%
Collection
service
predominantly
by the private
sector
Treatment and Disposal
Kumasi Sanitary Landfill &
Septage Treatment Facility
Entrance Facility of Kumasi Sanitary
Landfill Site
Major Challenges
Identified Gaps
Daily covering
of deposited
waste
Extraction and
utilization of
landfill gas
Installation of
Waste-to-energy
systems
LANDFILL SITE
SANITATION
Sewerage system - 10%
Various on-site household facilities – 50%
• WC, Aqua privy, VIP, etc.
Public toilet users – 35%
Open defecation - 5%
Major Challenge:
Inadequate toilet facilities (both public and
households)
Manifestations:
Long queues at public toilet facilities
Defecation in gutters and bushes
Treatment and Disposal
Sewerage treatment – Waste Stabilisation
Ponds
Feacal Treatment – FST Ponds
Identified Gaps:
Inadequate treatment of effluent from
FSTP
Utilisation of Bio-solids
ROAD TRANSPORTATION
Total length of roads
1,117 kilometres
Primary roads – 6%
Local distributor –
23%
Access roads – 62%
Condition of Road Networks
ROAD NETWORK
Major Challenges:
Inefficient transportation
infrastructure
Manifestation:
Deplorable road
condition
Heavy vehicular traffic
congestion (morning and
late afternoon)
Long queues at bus
terminal
Long hours of travelling
time
Struggling for vehicles
HEAVY VEHICULAR TRAFFIC CONGESTION
ROAD NETWORKS
On-going interventions
Rehabilitation of
deplorable roads
Construction of linked
roads/by – pass
Construction of
interchanges
Introduction of Mass
Buses Transit system
PILOT PROJECT: METRO MASS TRANSPORT
The Timber Industry
•A number of Sawmills
•The Sokoban wood
village
Major Challenges:
Disposal of saw dust
from wood processing
WOOD PROCESSING AT SOKOBAN WOOD VILLAGE
Importation of used Electronic
Appliances
Major Challenges:
Disposal of e-waste,
such as CFC
containing
refrigerators etc.
The Auto Mechanic Industry
• Suame
Industrial cluster which services
the northern sector and countries to the
north of Ghana
Major Challenges:
Disposal of oil waste
Disposal of heavy metals into water bodies
POTENTIAL ZERO EMMISION
PROJECT AREAS
• Waste sorting and recycling
• Recycling of wastewater from
Industries and institutions
• Conversion of solid waste into energy
by anaerobic digestion and incineration
• Processing of saw dust generated at
the Sokoban Wood Village
POTENTIAL ZERO EMMISION
PROJECT AREAS
• Recycling of Bio-solids from the FSTP
• Installation Constructed Wetland
system to further treat effluent from
the FSTP
• Development of the Suame Magazine
• Redevelopment of the Central Market
END
OF
PRESENTATION
THANK YOU