2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
Da-Yung Wang, Chien-Liang Lin*
Nai-Chien Shih, Chi-Ching Chang
MingDao University, Taiwan
2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
MDU Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles
2004.01 MHV-II
2003.03 MHV-I
2007.01 MHV-IV
2005.03 MHV-III
2009.12 MHV-Ⅴ
Hybrid
> 90 km/hr
50~80 kW
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Car Racing
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
KYMCO, Kwang Yang Motor Co.,
Ltd
Enterprise Mission
Global Supplier of
Power-Driven Products
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
Lithium Battery vs. Fuel Cell
Vehicle
Carbon Reduction
Energy-Saving
Lithium Battery Hydrogen Fuel Cell
Good
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Noise
Driving Range
Refuel Time
Cost (USD)
Low
40 km
4-6 hr
$2,000-2,200
Low
100 km
< 1min
$1,800-2,700
Fuel Cell Stack Cost (Estimated by ITRI, Taiwan)
Lab. Scale: $10,000/kW
In 2010 (1000 units): $1,000/kW
In 2015 (10 million units): $150/kW
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
Market Opportunity
Environmental protection and clean energy are demanded,
the greenhouse gas decrement of Kyoto Protocol
Financial storm, high oil price trend and energy crisis
Many Taiwan light vehicle companies are with self-owned
brand and famous on the world
Complete light vehicle parts supply chain, fuel cell
manufacturer can command specification and demand in
the application
Taiwan renewable energy law makes fuel cell industry chain
forming quickly
Near Chinese market is extremely huge
Electric scooter bonus and Taiwan E-scooter standard
More than 14 million scooter market in Taiwan, replacement
amount is considerable
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
FC Ultra Light Vehicle League
Spec.
Taiwan Academic units
•THE FC
•TFCP
Foreign Expert
•Ballard
•PlugPower
•Shanghai Shen-Li
•Beijing Tsinghua Univ.
•Dalian DICP
Components
Motor, Electrical and
Control, Stack, LIB,
BOP…
MDU
•Resource integration
research
•Power sources tech.
integration
•Power integration test
•Vehicle test
•Standardize and mass
production support
•Tech. update
Light Vehicle
Manufacturer
•Scooter
•Bike
•ATV
•Assisted
vehicle
•Special vehicle
MingDao University
Market
•Environmental
protection &
Energy saving
•Recreation &
Health
•Mobile vogue
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
Integration of Fuel Cell Scooter
PEMFC
DC-DC
FC BOP
DC-DC
Performance curve of the
Ballard fuel cell stack
installed in the scooter
M
ECU
LIB
Accessory
60
2500
Voltage
Power
50
2000
1500
30
1000
20
Power (W)
Voltage (V)
40
500
10
0
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Current (A)
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
Specification of the Fuel Cell
Scooter
Category
Specification
Fuel cell stack
2.3kW PEMFC
Rated voltage: 36V
Rated current: 65A
Lithium-ion battery
9.2Ah, Voltage: 48.92-50.05V
(2.3Ah/cell, 60 cells)
Hub motor
2.2kW, Rated voltage: 48V
Metal hydride canister 1100 Liter
(220L/each, 5 canisters)
DC-DC converter
Output: 48VDC, 21A
Input: 19-72VDC
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
Evaluation of the Fuel Cell Scooter
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
50
1500
Fuel cell voltage
1250
1000
Fuel cell power
30
750
Motor power
20
Power (W)
Current (I) or Voltage (V)
40
500
Fuel cell current
Fuel cell voltage
10
Fuel cell currrent
250
Fuel cell power
Motor power
0
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
0
8,000
Time (sec)
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
Some Test Results
Max. speed: >50 km/hr
Max. Fuel Cell Power: 1677 W
Max. Motor Power: 1601 W
Max. Loading: 140 kg
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
Demonstration Plan
Each scooter is scheduled
to run over 2000 km/year
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
Scheduled Record of Operation
Data
Category
Recorded data
Fuel supply
Hydrogen consumption
Secondary power
output
Voltage, current, and power of lithiumion battery output
System power
output
Voltage, current, and power of PEM
fuel cell output (real time or
accumulative total)
System efficiency
Mileage (mileage/hydrogen weight)
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
Summary
The maximal speed of the scooter is 53.2 km/h.
The range between refueling is 63.5 km.
The main objectives to extend the range are to
reduce the weight of the scooter and to increase
the hydrogen utilization of the fuel cell.
A year-long field test to collect information on
vehicle performance, fuel cell reliability, logistic
support, and safety issues.
With a positive result, the first stage of
commercialization will be considered.
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2012 Fuel Cell Seminar & Exposition
Acknowledgement
This project was jointly executed by KYMCO and
MingDao University. The authors would like to
thank the Bureau of Energy, Ministry of Economic
Affairs, Taiwan for partially
sponsoring this project.
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