6. Emergency First Aid
a. Explain:
1.
A.
B.
C.
Emergency aid depends on the ABC of life: (slide ABC)
Airway - must be open so oxygen can enter the body.
Breathing - must take place so oxygen can enter the bloodstream via the lungs.
Circulation -heart must beat to ensure blood travels around the body and is not lost through the
result of injury.
2. The initial assessment of the casualty consists of: (Slide DRABC)
DANGER
RESPONSE
AIRWAYS
BREATHING
CIRCULATION
REMEMBER THIS AS DR ABC!
b. Demonstrate:
1. Danger - ensure there is no danger to yourself and he casualty.
2. Response - ask a question, give a command, gentle shake.
3. Airway - remove any obvious obstruction. Open the airway by jaw lift/head tilt - lift the jaw by
placing two fingers under the chin and gently tilt the head back with the other hand on the
casualty's forehead. Maintain jaw lift/head tilt whilst completing the initial assessment.
4. Breathing - LOOK, LISTEN AND FEEL.
5. Look along the chest to see if it rises.
6. Listen for sounds of breath.
7. Feel for breath on your cheek.
8. Carry out these checks for ten seconds to determine if the casualty is breathing. If the casualty is
not breathing, give two breaths of mouth to mouth ventilation.
9. Circulation - check for pulse in the neck for up to ten seconds. If there is no pulse then CPR must
be carried out. 15-2 m-m
c. Imitate. Students to carry out initial assessment under instructors’ command.
d. Practice. Students to practice carrying out of initial assessment in pairs, M/M-F/F





What is DR ABC?
How do you check for response?
How do you check for Breathing?
What is Circulation?
How do you check for Circulation?
2. Which of the following statements are true and which are false?
1. Before starting artificial respiration, you must check that the casualty has a good airway
2. If the casualty is wearing a belt, it should be made loose
3. For artificial respiration, the casualty should be lying in the recovery position
4. The casualty’s nose should be pressed tightly from the sides with your fingers
5. For a child, twenty deep inflations are needed every minute
6. The ambulance must be sent for before natural breathing is restored
7. If circulation is failing, the casualty should be placed in bed.
8. To re-start the heartbeat, the chest must be struck in the left superior quadrant.
9. You should strike the chest ten times in ten seconds
10. In some cases, mouth-to-mouth breathing and external heart compression must be given
simultaneously
3. What do you have to do and what are the following steps in CPR?
1 _________
2 _________
3_________
4 _________
5 _________
4. Listen again and underline the correct option in italics.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
If the patient is not sleeping / conscious, you give him mouth to mouth.
We take the head and we press / tilt it up.
We listen if we can hear the air / sounds coming in and out.
Make sure the airways / eye is open.
We are going to give the person five / two breaths.
The nurse applies the pads on each side of / above and below the heart.
The patient starts to respond after the first / second charge from the defibrillator.
The patient is given Lidocaine / Atropine.
The dosage is 200ml over one minute / 100ml over two minutes.
Grammar – present perfect
- use the present perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now.
subject
I
He
+
HAVE
have
has
+
past participle
seen
been
it.
to Japan.
1. Match the sentence and the definition of use
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
She’s been married three times.
I don’t think I’ve ever seen it.
I think he’s broken his leg.
You’ll never guess who I’ve just met.
He’s worked for the company ever since.
We haven’t had any complaints so far.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
Experience up to the present
Something done several times in the past
Past event important at the time of speaking
Time adverbial of recent past
With a time adverbial that includes the present
Something started in the past and continuing till
now
2. Add the verb in a correct form
1. Emma ___________ this film on TV. (not/to see)
2. How often ___________ she ___________ the office? (to phone)
3. ___________ Millers ___________ yet? (to arrive)
4. John ___________ on a trip through Alaska. (not/to go)
5. ___________ they ever ___________ to New York? (to be)
6. Andy ___________ his sister's bike. (not/to repair)
7. What ___________ you ___________ in the kitchen? (to drop)
8. I ___________ a new laptop. (to buy)
9. Mrs Snow ___________ a fantastic cake. (make)
10. He ___________ in a terrible war. (fight)
11. Daniel ___________ a taxi. (take)
3. Add according to your own opinion:
I have lived here for ________________________________ .
I have worked here since ____________________________ .
I have had this wallet since __________________________ .
I have already _____________________________________ .
I haven’t ___________ ___________ yet.
Have you ___________ ___________ yet?
Have you ever ______________________?
I have never ______________________?
Extra topic for discussion – Immortality
Questions for discussion:
Articles:
-
-
The doctor thinks we may achieve immortality http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/08/12/david-casarett-shockedimmortality_n_5652992.html
How close are humans to immortality? - http://guardianlv.com/2014/07/how-close-arehumans-to-immortality/
Jellyfish unlocking everlasting life - http://edition.cnn.com/2014/08/28/world/asia/canimmortal-jellyfish-unlock-everlasting-life/
Videos:
-
Immortal? Be a jellyfish – (4min) - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kLSiE-eNjw
Can we become immortal? Stuff you’ve probably wondered (9min) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FiRk15PMUzg
Teacher’s notes /key:
Listening : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OyR3Lev2tZ8
1. check your victim if he is conscious 2. check if the victim is breathing – open the mouth 3. call 999
4. Treat the patient – mouth to mouth (2 breaths / 30 compression) 5. give the patient chest
compression
Grammar
1. 1b 2 a 3c 4 d 5f 6e
2. 1. hasn’t seen 2. has she phoned 3. have Millers arrived 4. hasn’t gone 5. have they ever been 6.
hasn’t repaired 7. have bought
Videos:
- First aid tips – various videos (2-3min) –
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJt7XySKqYI&list=PLub3lXAEBhwWJbUzPPgAA9OdIVhI6
uRWD
- First aid and injuries – (3-4min) www.youtube.com/watch?v=30npDhz8AJA&list=PLFF3B41C9028A8104
- EMS trauma kit – (12min) - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCV803SXx04
Grammar
- 7 Present perfect activities - http://busyteacher.org/13636-present-perfect-7-perfect-activitiespractice.html
- Teaching activities - http://www.teach-this.com/resources/present-perfect
- Listening – Fatima, has lived in London for 6 years (6min)
www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/radio/specials/1646_gramchallenge17/
- Listening – quiz (1,5min) - http://www.esl-lab.com/small/smallrd1.htm
- Listening – camping under the stars (1,5min) - http://www.esl-lab.com/camp/camprd1.htm
- Reading - http://www.literacynet.org/cnnsf/grads/home.html
ZDROJE
Texty
-
KingsWorcester.Lesson plan, First aid. [online].(c)2010 [cit. 2013-10-10]. Dostupné na
www < http://www.ksw.org.uk/files/ccf/lesson plans/emergency aid drabc - lesson 5.doc.>
Poslechy:
-
Ehowhealth. Emergency First Aid. How to give CPR. [online].(c)2010 [cit. 2013-04-10].
Dostupné na www http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OyR3Lev2tZ8>.