Level: M DRA: 28 Genre: Biography Strategy: Summarize Skill: Main Ideas and Details Word Count: 416 by Thea Joseph 2.3.14 HOUGHTON MIFFLIN Online Leveled Books 1032198 H O UG H T O N M IF F L IN 2_023021_OL_LRSE_CVR_L14_Bell.indd 1 2/11/10 12:43:22 AM by Thea Joseph PHOTOGRAPHY CREDITS: Cover © Corbis. 1 The Granger Collection, New York. 2 © Corbis. 3 Gilbert H. Grosvenor Collection of Photographs of the Alexander Graham Bell Family/Library of Congress. 4 Library of Congress, Manuscript Division. 5 The Granger Collection, New York. 6 Sheila Terry/Science Photo Library. 7 © Bettmann/CORBIS. 8 The Granger Collection, New York. 9 Library of Congress/Science Photo Library. 10 General Photographic Agency/Hulton Archive/ Getty Images. Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. 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Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format. Inventor Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone, which lets people talk to each other all around the world. He was was born in 1847. As a boy, Alexander’s behavior showed he wanted to be an inventor. When he was eleven years old, he invented a machine that cleaned wheat. 2 Sound Alexander’s mother was deaf. She could not speak or imitate sounds. Alexander knew his mother lived in silence. He wanted her to hear his voice. 3 Visible Speech Alexander’s father could hear. He wanted to help Alexander’s mother learn to speak. He invented symbols and called them Visible Speech. He passed his knowledge on to Alexander. 4 Alexander’s father When Alexander was 21 years old, he taught at a special school for deaf people. His most famous student was Helen Keller. Instead of sign language, Bell taught the Visible Speech method that his father invented. 5 2_000000_LR3_4OL_Bell.indd 5 1/18/08 3:54:01 PM Sending Voices Bell was very curious about sound. One of his ideas was for an invention that could send voices through a wire, but he didn’t know how to make it. So he studied another machine, called a telegraph. The telegraph sent electricity through a wire. It made clicking sounds that communicated letters and words. Bell wanted to make the wire carry voices instead! 6 Bell worked on his invention with an assistant named Thomas Watson. Finally, Bell had an idea. He would put the wire in liquid. The sound of his voice would make motion in the wire. The motion was the sound, and liquid made the sound travel better. But would it work? 7 Telephone! One day, Bell was working with Watson in his laboratory. Mr. Watson was in another room. Bell shouted into the invention, “Mr. Watson, come here. I want to see you.” Watson heard Bell’s voice through the wire. Bell had made a telephone! 8 2_000000_LR3_4OL_Bell.indd 8 1/18/08 3:55:14 PM Watching kites Inventions Alexander Graham Bell invented many other things, too. He invented a machine that could find metal, a very fast boat, and new kinds of kites. He even invented a kite that could carry a person into the air! In 1898, he became the president of the National Geographic Society. Thanks to Bell, National Geographic is an important magazine all around the world. 9 2_000000_LR3_4OL_Bell.indd 9 1/18/08 3:55:27 PM Alexander Graham Bell died from an illness in 1922. It was a day of darkness for the whole country. Telephone service all over America stopped for one minute. This silence honored an inventor who changed history—and the way we live. 10 Responding Main Ideas and Details One of the main ideas of this book is that Bell wanted to help deaf people communicate. Write in details that support the main idea. TARGET SKILL Main Idea: Bell wanted to help people communicate. Detail: Bell taught ? Detail: ? Write About It Text to Text Bell had strong opinions. Think about another book in a which someone has an opinion. Use a few sentences to write a persuasive essay trying to change their opinion. Focus your ideas on using facts to change their opinion. 11 2_000000_LR3_4OL_Bell.indd 11 1/18/08 3:56:16 PM TARGET VOCABULARY behavior curious darkness illness imitated knowledge motion silence Main Ideas and Details Tell important ideas and details about a topic. TARGET SKILL Summarize Stop to tell important ideas as you read. TARGET STRATEGY GENRE A biography tells about events in a person’s life. 12 2_000000_LR3_4OL_Bell.indd 12 1/18/08 3:56:24 PM Level: M DRA: 28 Genre: Biography Strategy: Summarize Skill: Main Ideas and Details Word Count: 416 by Thea Joseph 2.3.14 HOUGHTON MIFFLIN Online Leveled Books 1032198 H O UG H T O N M IF F L IN 2_023021_OL_LRSE_CVR_L14_Bell.indd 1 2/11/10 12:43:22 AM