True Closed Loop Recycling
Sustainability for energy storage solutions
John Wood, CEO
21st Century lead-acid
VRLA for stand-by. UltraBattery for cycling.
UltraBattery® Technology
Separator
Separator
PbO2
Electrode
Ultracapacitor
Lead-Acid Cell
i
UltraBattery
-Carbon
+
-Pb
+
PbO2
+
i1
i
Pb
i2
Carbon
Electrode
~6
GWh
**
~2.4
GWh
***
Lead-acid has already perfected and
priced-in the recycling challenge*
Lead-Acid Batteries to be
installed for BACKUP only,
USA (Next 12 months)**
Li-ion Batteries to be installed
for ALL APPLICATIONS, USA
(Next 12 months)***
* BCI, Smith Bucklin Market Research
and Statistics Group (2011)
** “Battery Market”, Avicenne Energy,
2013
*** “The worldwide battery market
2011-2025”, Avicenne Energy. and
“Global Demand for Lithium-ion
Batteries”, Frost and Sullivan, November
2014
Lead-acid
>350 GWh
Close to 100%
closed-loop,
sustainable
recovery
Almost no
sustainable
recovery
Li-ion
<50 GWh
Lead-acid has already perfected and
priced-in the recycling challenge*
Both markets are growing, but the leadacid market is growing sustainably**
* BCI, Smith Bucklin Market Research and Statistics Group (2011)
** “Battery Market Development for Consumer Electronics, Automotive, and
Industrial: Materials Requirements & Trends”, Avicenne Energy, 2013 and other
industry sources.
Some perspective on lead-acid’s closed loop
manufacturing and 96% reuse
~10%
~1%
~100%
~96%
4% Mainly to
agricultural
fertiliser
Lead-acid
Total Returned Reused
in new
produced
batteries
Lithium-ion
Total Returned Reused
in new
produced
batteries
Lead Acid
Li-ion
Profitable recycling


Closed loop
manufacture


No landfill


All batteries same
process


Costs built in to
purchase cost


> Popper, K., Shan, X., Azure International, Monetary, Material
and Environmental Costs of Li-ion Battery Recycling
> Zhang, Qianyu, “The Current Status of the Recycling of Leadacid Batteries in China,” International Journal of
Electrochemical Science Vol. 8, 2013.
> Smith Bucklin Market Research and Statistics Group (2011 National
Recycling Rate Study)
Plastic
Acid
Lead
Any lead-acid battery accepted
Fully computer controlled process
kW
On-site refinery
On-site acid reclamation
On-site fertilizer plant
On-site plastic recovery and reuse
Since 2004 we have almost doubled the number of batteries we
• Close tomake,
100% of
Lead-acid
batteries
produced are
while
quartering
our emissions.
returned for recycling.
Reuse of
Plastic
Clean
Air
1.2
Reuse of
Acid
UltraBattery®
Reuse
of
Lead
μg pb / m3
100%
recycled
water
•
1.4
180%
Emissionsreturned becomes part of a
Over 96% of every battery
Standards
prenew battery.
160%
2008
140%
We stay well below the
We filter, clean, recycle
1
strict
standards
for
filtering
• Almost all of the other 4% is and
usedreuse
in agriculture
100% ofand
our 120%
and air safety.
industry.
0.8
production water…
100%
Air recycle
leaving about
our facility
is … and
We
5
million
kg
of
received
the
Pennsylvania
80%
0.6
cleaner
thanyear
the on-site
air we Water
Environment Association 2014
each
to
Emissions
• plastic
Lead-acid
batteries
are
theIndustrial
world’s
most
successfully
We
were the
industry
pioneers
in
acid Award
60%
Waste
Excellence
take
in.
make
our
new
battery
cases
Standards post0.4
recycled
product.and we now recycle
recycling
millions
2008
40%
from old
of ones.
litres each year.We recycle about 100
0.2
20%
million kg of lead per year
• We proudly say we have closed
theplant
loop. is a multiple
and
our
0
0%
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012 model
2014
award-winning
for
sustainability.
Batteries
produced (compared to 2004)
Our emissions (micrograms lead per m3)
Battery production % of 2004
200%
1.6
One market leader for over a century
20th Century: Lead-acid dominance
Battery
Starter
Battery
Motive
Battery
Standby
Battery
PSOC
UltraBattery
Market Size:
Market Size:
Market Size:
New Lead-Acid
Market
$15B
$3.5B
$6B
State of Charge
100%
80%
20%
1881
1960
1980
Today
0%
Products and
Applications
Monitored
12UB700 and 2UB700
Building Blocks
kW
UltraFlex
(48V)
UltraFlex
UltraMax
& Bundles (480V)
UltraMax
• Each Unit up to 28kW Peak
Power 16kWh @ C/8 over
• Each Unit 70kW Peak Power
• 3-Unit => 210kW Power
Applications:
• Renewables integration
• Diesel and off-grid
• Energy shifting/ cost control
• Revenue generation
Applications:
• Distributed Grid services
• Renewables integration
• Multifunction energy storage
• Microgrids
UltraRax Bundles
UltraRax (720V & 960V)
• Blocks delivering Peak Power
500kW, 600kW and 800kW
• Supports 12V and 2V architecture
Applications:
• Grid services
• Renewables integration
• Multifunction energy storage
MW
Load Levelling*
Microgrid*
Wind Smoothing
Solar Smooth. & Shift.
Load Levelling*
Peak Shifting*
Diesel Hybrid Support
Reg. Services
kW
MW
*Courtesy of Furukawa Battery
The Energy Storage Solution of Choice
Globally
Successful
Australian
Technology
Flexible Storage
Solutions
Ecoult &
Recycling
Safe
Ecoult and UltraBattery®
The Energy Storage Solution of Choice
John Wood, CEO
www.Ecoult.com