Security Integrator
Certification program
Product training
Redwall-V SIP series
Mar 2011 (Ver1.2EU)
What is infrared?
•
Infra-Red Energy is emitted by every solid object above absolute zero.
•
Invisible to the naked eye, the wavelengths fall within the
electromagnetic wavelength range of 0.8 to 1000 microns.
•
Because infrared rays have such wide wavelength spectral bands, they
are classified into near and far infrared, and both types are used in a
variety of applications.
•
Passive Infrared (PIR) detectors uses the band of far infrared ray.
X-Ray
Ultraviolet-Ray
Visible Light
0.01
Microwave
TV Wave
0.4
Near Infrared Ray
0.8
Far Infrared Ray
3.0
1000
(micron μ）
What is infrared?
Reflection, Absorption, Penetration
•
Electromagnetic energy is either reflected,
absorbed, or penetrates through an object
(frequency will determine the action).
•
Rule of thumb: Far infrared can not
penetrate through glass, most plastics or
other materials (Polyethylene can
penetrate far infrared so this material is
used for lens/window of PIR).
•
They are reflected by glass, mirrors, and
other reflective surfaces
What is PIR detector?
•
Human beings radiate infrared waves in band
lengths from 7 to 14 microns, and through the use
of a pyro-element set to detect this bandwidth, the
detection of human targets is possible.
•
PIRs detect sudden changes in Far Infrared radiation
levels and produce corresponding electrical signal.
Namely, PIR detectors can detect the
temperature contrast between the
background and moving object in the
detection areas.
About PIR Detectors
PIR detectors consist of the fundamental components:
• Optics to control the PIR‟s “vision” (i.e., detection zones)
• Sensor Elements (i.e., pyro-element) which generate electrical
signals from infrared energy.
• Signal Processing circuitry which evaluates the signal and performs
the sensor‟s intended function (i.e. activate a relay).
• Output (i.e., dry contact relay)
Optics
Sensor element
Signal Processing
Output
About PIR Detectors
Sensor Elements
• Pyro-electric elements absorb infrared energy and transfer
it into heat, which creates a change in electrical energy.
•
Only creates electrical energy when temperature changes occur.
Pyro element
About PIR Detectors
The Dual-Opposed sensor element
• Detectors which use just one pyro element
generates signals in response to any change in
infrared level. This type of detector would be too
sensitive to background temperature changes, heat
drafts on the detector, and other environmental
disturbances.
•
The development of the Dual-Opposed sensor
element (dual element) has significantly reduced the
effect of these false alarms.
Quad Element PIRs
• There is a Quad Element PIR available today. While
each manufacturer has their own unique design, all
quad units utilized the two fundamental concepts
similar to design above.
SIP-3020 3 dual-elements; SIP-100 2 quad-elements and 2 dual in total.
About PIR Detectors
Optics
• Optics create detection zones by providing surfaces which receive
infrared rays and focus it onto the sensor element.
•
Optics block infrared rays from unwanted areas.
•
In a PIR, with pyro-elements, there are 10-40 optical axes (in cameras
and telescopes, there is just a single optical axis). Good PIR sensors
provide multiple lenses for one pyro-element, and the best possible
design of each lens is the greatest feature the sensor can have.
Detection pattern
of SIP-3020
About PIR Detectors
Side view of PIRs
Optics
•
Fresnel lenses or mirror optics are used to
create optical windows which control the
PIR‟s detection area, zone size and
sensitivity.
•
Redwall PIRs (SIP series ) are equipped
with mirror optics. Mirror optics can
produce clearly defined detection zones for
long range detection patterns (more than
100ft.)
Fresnel lens
Pyro-element
Mirror optics
Mirror optics for
SIP-3020
Redwall SIP series
About PIR Detectors
•
•
•
•
A detection zone's height, width and shape are determined by the
sensor element design, the focal length, and the distance from the
detector where the zone is measured.
Like a long-range lens on a camera, a long focal length creates a
narrow field of view for the PIR while a short focal length creates a
large zone more quickly.
Zone size should be proportional to the size of the intended target.
Properly sized zones are just as sensitive to human targets and are
less sensitive to small disturbances such as small animals, etc.
Detection zones become larger at a constant rate
A detection zone which is 2‟ x 1‟ at 40 ft from the detector is 1‟ x 0.5‟ at 20 ft, and 4‟ x 2‟ at 80 ft.
All REDWALL Detectors are designed so that each detection zone will have
the proper detection shape and size anywhere in their detection area, with
the proper installation.
Relationship of Mirror and Detection area
Detection Direction
PIR‟s are more sensitive to movement made across it‟s field of view, and is less
sensitive to movement made toward or away from the detector or field of view.
Installation locations should be selected accordingly to allow for this.
Detection
area
(Top-view)
Less sensitive
More sensitive
PIR for camera control
•
In outdoor settings, under low brightness
condition, video motion detection‟s
sensitivity gets lower. But Redwall
detectors can keep the same detection
performance in low/no -light conditions.
This simplifies tracking a intruder‟s
location with joy-stick controls on remote
monitoring applications.
•
In addition, there are a lot of false alarms
caused by insects/debris on the camera
lens cover. Redwall detectors do not rely
on camera images to detect objects.
Ideal solution for High Quality Video Surveillance
PIR Detector - General Pros and Cons
PROS
• The unit is a single-ended device.
– It does not emit any energy, so it
consumes less power than other
detectors.
– No cross-talk issues to
neighboring units
– It does not require synchronized
cabling for transmitters and
receivers, like active beams.
•
•
Precision optics design enable
detectors to accurately cover
narrow and wide volumetric
detection areas.
It is not affected by bright lights,
working equally well day or night.
CONS
• It can not recognize the location
of an intrusion accurately in a
detection area.
• It cannot work well under the
condition where there is not
enough temperature contrast
between a moving object and
the background.
• There is a possibility that it is
activated by sudden
temperature changes in the
detection area, e.g. weather
conditions, large wildlife, etc.
Concept of
The REDWALL-V series is a high-reliability outdoor
detector that is especially suited for remote and local
video monitoring applications. The detector provides
three benefits for these applications:
1. Reduction of false alarms
2. Quick and reliable installation
3. Protection from vandalism
The goal of the REDWALL series detector is to provide a
product that can deliver reliable and effective protection
while reducing total installation costs. To achieve this, the
REDWALL SIP detectors has five innovative sensing
technologies features:
• High-reliability PIR sensor with double conductive shielding
• Thermo-sensor for detecting environmental ambient
temperature
• Light intensity sensor for detecting ambient brightness
• Photo-beam sensor for anti-masking
• Accelerometer for anti-rotation
Redwall technologies for Reduction of false alarms
1. Double Conductive Shielding
Double Conductive Shielding
allows infrared energy to pass
through to the element, but
blocks out RFI (Radio Frequency
Interference) and light sources
since it features a special
conductive filter that covers the
element window.
Redwall technologies for Reduction of false alarms
2. Synthesized PIR algorithm
REDWALL SIP series detectors use
temperature and luminance
information technology, which
monitors the environmental
conditions for sensitivity control.
Sensitivity
Morning
Day time
Night
The REDWALL SIP series detectors
can reduce false alarms with
optimum sensitivity even if the
surrounding conditions are
changing. This helps prevent
missed alarms.
Synthesized PIR algorithm
Environment Compensation logic
(ex: Summer in Japan)
Luminance
SUMMER DAY
Temperature difference is larger as
vegetation is warmed by the sunlight. As
the vegetation is moved by wind currents,
a high rate of false alarms can be created.
Optex sensitivity decreases by ~30% to
prevent these types of false alarms.
DAYLIGHT
NIGHT
DAY
NIGHT
Temperature
Inside unit
【SUMME
RNIGHT
】
Luminance
Temperature
Temp. 34 C/93 F
Temp. 25 C/77 F
SUMMER NIGHT
With the low light after sunset, the temperature decreases slowly. After sunrise, the temperature
increases rapidly as the sunlight increases. During these events, the slight temperature difference
between a human body and the background could create a possible missed alarm. Optex
sensitivity increases ~30% to prevent missed alarms.
Synthesized PIR algorithm
Environment compensation logic
(Spring, Autumn, & Winter)
DAY LIGHT
During certain times of the year there can be a greater
temperature variance between the background and the
human body, which can create false alarms. Optex
sensitivity decreases ~30% to prevent these false
alarms.
Illuminance
【NIGHT】
【DAY】
【NIGHT】
Temperature
Inside unit
Luminance
Temperature
Temp. 34 C/93 F
Temp. 25 C/77 F
Redwall features for reliable and quick installation
Area View Finder, AVF-1
Use the AVF-1 area view finder for all REDWALL-SIP units to
eliminate false-alarm prone zones by masking specific regions.
Walk test to confirm efficiency of coverage.
Redwall features for reliable and quick installation
Masking plate
After checking the detection area by using the
AVF-1, you may be able to use the provided
masking plates that come with each unit to
easily narrow the detection pattern of unwanted
areas.
Or, use the
Masking seals to
eliminate specific
unwanted areas.
Detection range selector
Far area zone
SIP-3020, 4010, 404 series only
For setting the detection area quickly and
easily detection area setting, the detection
area selector switch enables setting the
detection area quickly and easily. This may
contribute to a reduced number of false
alarms generated around the far edge of the
detection area.
Redwall features for protection from vandalism
Photo beam technology for anti-mask feature
Masking the face of a PIR detector
will cause the detector to become
blind resulting in a missed intrusion.
The REDWALL-SIP series detector can
recognize any masking object in front
of the detector and will generate a
trouble relay output to notify the
monitoring station or system operator.
* Illustration is an image
of this technology
Redwall technologies for Protection from vandalism
Accelerometer for Anti-rotating
When the sensor detects a change of
angle either vertically or horizontally
from the originally installed position,
or any other attempt of vandalism,
the built-in accelerometer of the
REDWALL-SIP series will generate a
tamper alarm relay output.
Redwall technologies for Protection from vandalism
High mounting
Reinforce
Polycarbonate
Anti-Masking
Anti-Rotating
Redwall technologies – Unique features
Built-in Creep Zone Detector
NOTE: for SIP3020/5, SIP404/5, SIP4010/5, SIP5030, SIP100 only
The built-in creep zone detector provides a 3m x
5m (10‟ x 16‟) at 2.7m (7.6‟) height detection area
directly below the detector, which eliminates the
normal “dead space” that an intruder could enter a
protected area.
An independent alarm relay output from the creep
zone of the detector can trigger a PTZ camera to a
programmed preset position and provide coverage
for a „dead spot‟ area.
SIP-100
The SIP-100 offers 3 separate alarm
relay outputs
• Near Area Detection
• Far Area Detection
• Creep-zone Detection
Multiple outputs are useful for activating
video transmission systems, and
controlling PTZ cameras.
Products line-up
PIR detector REDWALL–V series
SIP-3020 Wide Angle of 100 X 65 ft. (30 x 20 m)
Alarm output (1)
SIP-4010
130 X 33 ft. (40 x 10 m)
Alarm output (1)
SIP-404
130 X 13 ft. (40 x 4m)
Alarm output (1)
SIP-5030 Wide Angle of 165 X 100 ft. (50 x 30m) with Creep zone
Alarm output (2)
SIP-100
Long Range of 330 X 10 ft. (100 x 3m) with Creep zone
Alarm output (3)
SIP-3020/5, SIP-4010/5, SIP-404/5, with Creep zone Alarm output (2)
SIP-3020WF, 4010WF, 3020WF, Low current models
Alarm output (1)
SIP-3020CAM DN, with Day/Night camera
Alarm output (1)
Accessories
•
For setting detection area:
•
•
For setting detection area:
•
•
•
SIP-HU Heating unit (use 24VAC)
For protection from sun-light and snow:
•
SIPMINIHOOD for SIP-404, 4010, 3020, SIP-404/5,
SIP-4010/5, SIP-3020/5
•
SIPMIDIHOOD for SIP-5030/100
For Mounting SIP Series Detectors to Double Gang
weather proof box:
•
•
AVF-1 Area View Finder
When detectors are used under –20 C degree, this heating
unit can expand the operating temperature to –40 C
degree.
•
•
AWT-3 Audible Walk Tester
SR-MPLT
POLE MOUNTING BRACKET FOR SIP-SERIES DETECTORS
•
SIP-PMBR
Things to consider before installing PIR‟s
- Case study of false alarms -
Person seen
Targets detected here are
employees, delivery personnel
or vehicles .
This must be solved by
changing the system design
or operation parameters.
Worker
Worker
Delivery
Environmental
Flag
Look for objects that could create
nuisance alarms.
Flag
To solve this problem, the
detection area should be
adjusted to mask the objects
from the field of view, and
avoid unwanted alarms.
Overspill
Person
“Overspill‟ is where the PIR is looking
beyond the boundary of desired
detection, where passing cars and
pedestrians will create false alarms.
Detection area and cameras
should be set accurately within
the property boundaries.
Ｃａ
ｒ
Reason of “Overspill” (out of property boundaries)
The detection area should be re-adjusted to fit the property.
Ideal installation is that all the detection area is within the camera view.
Reason for “Overspill” (outside the property boundaries)
The detector sees the car beyond the fence line, along with the
detection area not matching the cameras‟ area of view.
Car
Reason of “Overspill” (beyond fence)
Overspill
Reason of “Overspill” (beyond fence)
Regular installation.
Fence within
detection area
Reason of “Overspill” (beyond fence)
Fence
To reduce the detection area, area masking is the
proper technique. But, as shown, when area
masking results in missed alarms, the detection area
should be changed by adjust the sensor head
downward.
Not detection
(Miss Alarm)
Area Masking
Reason of “Overspill” (beyond fence)
To avoid the detection beyond the fence, aiming the
detector downward can be solve this problem.
Fence But, as shown, the sensitivity of the lower zone
increases. Therefore, the lower sensitivity
setting for this zone should be selected to avoid
false alarm.
No
detection
Detection
Can be too sensitive
Wildlife
Wildlife is normal in outdoor areas
and can create nuisance alarms. It
is not possible to mask for wildlife
due to their wide area of travel.
The SIP series detectors are designed
to reduce the possibility of alarms
caused by wildlife with an improved
area element shape, and a sensitivity
detection algorithm built into the
detector.
Poor Installation practices (Example 1)
This detector was installed next to a pillar and can
not be adjusted toward the area of detection.
The placement of detector should be
considered well before installing the unit.
Poor Installation practices (Example 2)
Painted on the lens
These detectors were painted to match the wall they are mounted to,
which is OK except they also painted the lens of the detector,
blocking its field of view. The painted segments cannot „see‟ now.
Keep the optics (lens, elements, and mirrors)
clean and free from debris.
Avoid Missed Alarms
If there is an obstruction in the detection area,
the detector can not detect a person beyond it.
No
Detection
detection
Avoid Missed Alarms
In such applications, mounting the detector higher
at the installation can solve theses problems.
Avoid Missed Alarms
When the unit is installed on an uneven grade -
Over-spill
Adjust the detection area
to minimize the dead spots
and avoid over-spill.
Need to set to a
lower sensitivity
to avoid false
alarm
Dead spot
Mounting heights and Dead spots
REDWALL SIP detectors do not have any dead spots when mounted at 2.3m to 4m (7.6‟ or 13‟).
However, there are dead spots at 8m (26.25‟) which is out of the specification. When the mounting
above the specification the sensitivity will be too low to detect the human, which will cause missed
detection.
7.6‟
[ft] [m]
7. 6 2. 3
0
0
0
0
10
10
20
30
30
20
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
50 [m]
40
110
120
130
140
150
160
[ft]
[ft] [m]
13‟
13. 2
4
10
2
0
0
0
0
10
10
20
30
30
20
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
50 [m]
40
110
120
130
140
150
160
140
150
160
[ft]
[ft] [m]
26. 4 8
26.25‟
19. 8
6
13. 2
4
Bad!
2
0
0
10
0
0
10
20
30
20
40
50
60
80
90
100
50 [m]
40
30
70
110
120
130
[ft]
For better system design
Proper Planning of Installation
When designing the system:
Surveying the site and planning the detector locationsWhat does the system protect?

Perimeter line, just around the building, between building and
perimeter?

Note: The Redwall products are designed to trigger video
surveillance systems.
How big is the site?

Calculate the area of detection required, both in length and
width. Then, select the proper REDWALL SIP model that
matches the closest size of required detection area.
Confirm the detection area can be covered by camera

Miss-matching detection area and camera views means that
operators can not see the crucial image on the monitor screen.
The detection area should be within camera view.
Consideration before design the system
Location of installation
·
Install the detector so that the majority of target activity is
across the detection pattern.
·
The mounting height should be between 2.3m to 4.0m (7.6 to
13ft.).
·
Mount the unit on a wall or other solid surface. An unstable
installation could be a cause of false alarms. Do not install on the
pole and fence where are unstable.
·
If there are obstacles in the detection area, mount the unit at a
higher point up to 4m (13ft). This will help to eliminate dead
spots.
·
Direct or reflected sunlight on the face of the detector can cause
of false alarms. Set the detection area so it is not effected by
direct sunlight, or use the optional Sun hood (SIP MINIHOOD
or SIP MIDIHOOD) to avoid this problem.
·
Install the REDWALL SIP series away from objects which can
block the detection areas.
Detector Positioning
Example of a positioned detector facing an
entrance gate. In order to avoid overspilling of the detection area, the area
beyond the gate should be eliminated.
Example of a positioned detector inwardfacing detector where the detection area
runs alongside a protected premises
boundary. If the detector faces a big portion
of the facility‟s wall, the detection area
should be eliminated.
System Design - Detection
• Detectors should only trigger within the field of view of the
camera.
• PTZ Cameras should be considered as multiple fixed cameras
using presets.
• Do not connect multiple detectors to a single input.
• For Verification purposes, a person should cover 10% of the
picture height.
• Max zone length is approximately 50m (160ft).
• For Recognition purposes, a person should cover 50% of the
picture height.
Camera Lens Guide
Range
M (ft.)
Width
M (ft.)
Angle
Approx
Degree
Redwall
SIP-3020
SIP-4010
SIP-404
30 (90)
40 (130)
40 (130)
20 (65)
10 (33)
4 (13)
37
14
6
SIP-5030
50 (165)
30 (100)
33
Target
Height
M (ft.)
1.6 (5.2)
1.6 (5.2)
1.6 (5.2)
Camera
Image Sensor (CCD Size)
Lens Focal Length and Angle
1/4”
1/3”
1/2"
Degree
5mm
7mm
9mm
37
7mm
8mm
10.5mm
28
7mm
8mm
10.5mm
28
9mm
14mm
18mm
33
* SIP -5030 The above lens selection can cover w hole detection area,but the target height in screen w illbe 7%.
Camera angle
Detection angle
Matching Camera Views
If the camera‟s field of
view can not cover the
whole detection area, add
another camera to cover
the complete zone.
Lighting
• Good common practice states that adequate lighting must be
installed before the system is commissioned and reference images
stored from all cameras and detector presets
• It is the responsibility of the owner of the system to provide the
lighting, and also to carry out a weekly check on the lighting.
Bad lighting
Good lighting
Well preparation
Wiring and power supply
•
As with any electrical wiring, the
longer the wire run, the greater
electrical resistance and therefore
voltage drop. Use the
recommended wires as the
instructions. Note, increasing the
number of detectors powered by
the same wire, results in a voltage
drop proportional to the number of
units added.
•
Avoid exposing wiring, protect by
running wiring through conduit.
Need to consider the setting
Switch setting
Sensitivity selector switch
In case that the SIP installed at 2.3m
Factory default is “M” position. With conducting Walk-test, please set at “SH”.
After confirmation of the detection area, adjust the proper sensitivity.
When “M” potion is too sensitive, select “L” position.
In case that SIP installed at 4m
Sensitivities for Far and Near area could be “H” position. As above, with conducting
Wake-test to check and adjust proper sensitivity.
SIP-3020, 4010, 404
SIP-3020CAM DN
SIP-3020/5, 4010/5, 404/5
SIP-5030, 100
Far area Near Area
Need to consider the setting
Switch setting
Detection logic selection
SIP-3020, 4010, 404 series
The near area sensor has two dualelement devices, which covers two
types of plane areas alternately using
the two elements.
SIP-5030, 100 series
Detection area of SIP-5030 and SIP100 consist of two types of plane
detection areas in an alternative
manner constructed by two pairs of
pyro-elements (quad element for the
far area), for the near area, far area
and the creep zone.
OR
AND
Detection logic selection is determined
when an object is detected in either of
the two detection areas or when an
object is detected within the two
detection areas.
B A
B A
Need to consider the setting
Alarm interval (Caution)
You can set an interval (4 different times) to suspend the
alarm signal output. For example, if you set this interval to
30 seconds, no more alarm signals will be output for 30
seconds after the output of the first alarm signal. If no
pedestrians are detected for more than 30 seconds, the
system returns to the standby mode. Then, when a
pedestrian is detected, the alarm signal will be output.
When detection area setting, this function shall not be
used.
Reporting
Requirement – Reporting (1)
For better designing of the system and future management of site support,
Optex requires the following reports.
• Before design of the system, Site survey is required. It should be done
and the “Site survey format” should be filled out by the System
integrator to submit to Optex.
Requirement – Reporting (2)
For proper installation and future management of site support,
Optex requires the following reports after installation:
•
The “Installation Check sheet” and “REDWALL site
report” should be filled out by the System integrator to
submit to Optex.
Thank you.
Specifications and design of the products are subject to change without
prior notice.
All information is provided as references without any warranty of any kind,
either expressed or implied, including but not limited to fitness for a
particular use. Any user shall assume the entire risk as to the accuracy
and use of these information.