ENVIRONMENTAL SCAN
AGRICULTURE VALUE CH AIN
California
JUNE 2011
C ENTER OF E XCELLENCE
Hosted at Modesto Junior College
435 College Avenue
Modesto, Ca 95350
(209) 575-6908
marquezm@mjc.edu
www.coeccc.net
An Initiative of
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Mission: The Centers of Excellence, in partnership with business and industry, deliver regional workforce
research customized for community college decision making and resource development.
Vision: We aspire to be the premier source of regional economic and workforce information and insight for
community colleges.
© 2011 Chancellor’s Office, California Community Colleges
Centers of Excellence, Economic and Workforce Development Program
Please consider the environment before printing. This document is designed for double-sided printing.
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Contents
Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................................................................... 4
Introduction........................................................................................................................................................................................ 5
Industry Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Occupation Overview..................................................................................................................................................................... 12
Occupational Skill and Knowledge Requirements.................................................................................................................... 17
Employer Needs and Challenges................................................................................................................................................. 20
Education and Experience Preferences ...................................................................................................................................... 20
Agriculture Value Chain Educational Programs ........................................................................................................................ 21
Conclusion .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
Recommendations ............................................................................................................................................................................ 23
References......................................................................................................................................................................................... 24
Appendix A: How to Use this Report........................................................................................................................................... 25
Appendix B: List of Occupations Included in the Agriculture Value Chain.......................................................................... 26
Appendix C: Occupational Profiles ............................................................................................................................................. 61
Appendix D: Existing Community College Programs by Region ........................................................................................... 81
Appendix E: Agriculture Employment by Value Chain Clusters (GIS Maps)....................................................................... 93
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
BASED
ON RESEARCH OF CALIFORNIA EMPLOYERS, THE ESTIMATED COMBINED GROWTH OF
OCCUPATIONS IN THE AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN OVER THE NEXT 5 YEARS IS 181,740 NEW JOBS.
Executive Summary
The Centers of Excellence (COE) studied the
agriculture value chain in California to better
understand the current and projected demand for
agriculture occupations and determine the impact of
agriculture occupations. Agriculture in California is an
essential part of the State’s economy. Each year,
billions of dollars in products are created in
California. Many of the agricultural products are
involved in international trade, while others remain in
the United States.
The agriculture value chain is comprised of multiple
industry clusters. Industry clusters were defined using a
synthesis of existing research. Industries were defined
within each cluster using the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS). Using the classifications
provided in the report, the agriculture value chain is
defined using four clusters:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Support;
Production;
Processing and Packaging;
Distribution.
Currently, there are nearly 2.5 million individuals employed in over 800 job titles within the agriculture
value chain, with an average annual salary of $50,000. The total economic impact of the value chain on
California is over $300 billion annually.
Research conducted for this report indicates a significant impact of the agriculture value chain on
California’s economy. Furthermore, an increase in employment over the next three years, with a small
number of jobs overall within agriculture value chain is projected. Overall, occupations within the
agriculture value chain provide a decent wage for workers, in many cases higher than the statewide
average wages.
Agriculture Value Chain Occupation Projections by Sector
Sector
2011 Jobs
5-Year New Jobs
Average Hourly Wage
Support
1,446,232
183,018
$24.59
Production
206,303
-36,364
$23.34
Processing/Packaging
226,216
5,173
$23.49
Distribution
585,014
29,913
$24.04
TOTALS
2,463,765
181,740
$23.87
California Community Colleges are well positioned to build a pipeline of skilled workers, create and
expand industry partnerships, and meet existing workforce needs in the agriculture value chain and future
needs if they arise. Based on research conducted for this report, the following action steps are
recommended.
1. Colleges contemplating implementation or development of agriculture value chain education
programs should consider employer partnerships and regional employment need.
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Introduction
The California Community Colleges Chancellor’s Office has charged the Economic and Workforce
Development Program (EWD) with identifying industries and occupations with unmet employee
development needs. The Centers of Excellence (COE) are one initiative within EWD. Appendix A contains
further information on the initiative and how to use the report.
Agriculture is the world's largest economic sector. On a worldwide basis, more people are involved in
agriculture than in all other occupations combined. Most people think agriculture is farming or
ranching. However, modern agriculture encompasses much more. Agriculture and agricultural science
touch every aspect of American society from the individual consumer’s health and safety to the
nation’s welfare, security, and environmental sustainability. Increasingly, agricultural research is fueling
innovation in many parts of the economy not generally associated with agriculture, such as energy,
electronics, plastics, and pharmaceuticals.
The intent of this report is to provide community colleges with data and insight into the breadth and depth
of the agriculture value chain, as well as short- and long- term occupational projections for the value chain.
This report also provides recommendations for community colleges interested in exploring opportunities
that may exist within localized labor markets to develop and implement training programs within the
agriculture value chain.
Industry Overview
Agriculture in California is an essential part of the state’s economy. Each year, billions of dollars in
products are created in California. Many of the agricultural products are involved in international trade,
while others remain in the United States. A great deal of research has provided information on the value
and economic impact of the agriculture industry in California by agencies such as the U.S. Department of
Agriculture and the University of California, Davis. This research has provided a perspective of how vital
California’s agriculture sector is for the state, nation, and world. However, little research has been
conducted to examine the value chain of agriculture in California. This report examines the complete value
chain of agriculture to determine:





The total number of jobs within agriculture and related industries
Projections of the identified jobs
Economic impact of the agriculture value chain
Employer challenges and needs for trained workers
The role of community colleges in the agriculture value chain
Defining the Agriculture Value Chain
The agriculture value chain is comprised of multiple industry clusters. Industry clusters were defined using a
synthesis of existing research. Industries were defined within each cluster using the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS). Using the classifications provided in the report, the agriculture value chain is
defined using four clusters: 1) Support; 2) Production; 3) Processing and Packaging; 4) Distribution.
Support
Production
Activities related to agriculture
including farming, veterinary
services, implement
manufacturing, irrigation, and
technical consulting
Production process are specific
to the commodity raised, but
includes crop, vegetable and
animal farming, poultry & egg
production, and aquaculture
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Processing/Packaging
Includes packaging fresh
produce for transportation,
canning, manufacturing, and
viticulture
Distribution
Includes process that get
products to store shelves.
Includes logistics and
warehousing, sales, and
import/export.
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Agriculture Support
Agriculture support includes industries providing support services essential to the agricultural value chain.
These support activities may be performed by the agriculture or forestry producing establishment or
conducted independently as an alternative source of inputs required for the production process for a given
crop, animal, or forestry industry. The table below indicates industries included within the Agriculture
support cluster.
Table 1: Agriculture Support Industries
Sector
Industries (NAICS)
Administration – Air/Water &
Solid Waste (924110)
Administration of Conservation
Programs (924120)
Air Traffic Control (488111)
Commercial/Industrial
Machinery Repair/Maint
(811310)
Cotton Ginning (115111)
Crop Harvesting (115113)
Employment Placement
Agencies (561311)
Environmental Consulting
Services (541620)
Exterminating & Pest Control
Support (561710)
Farm/Garden/Industrial
Machinery Wholesale
Flower, Nursery Supply
Wholesalers (424930)
Forest Nurseries (113210)
Freight Transp. Arrangement
(488510)
General Warehouse/Storage
(493110)
Geophysical Surveying
(541360)
Golf Courses/Country Clubs
(713910)
Hunting & Trapping (114210)
Industrial Supply Wholesalers
(423840)
Industrial Truck, Tractor, trailer
Machine Mft. (333924)
Landscaping (561730)
Lawn & Garden Tractor &
(423830)
Equip. Mft. (333112)
Farm/Garden Machinery
Marinas (713930)
Wholesalers (423820)
Marine Cargo Handling
Farm Labor Contractors &
(488320)
Crew Leaders (115115)
Nature Parks & Other Similar
Farm Machinery/Equip. Mft.
Institutions (712190)
(333111)
Nitrogenous Fertilizer Mft.
Farm Mgt. Services (115116) (325311)
Farm Supply Wholesale
Nursery, Garden , Farm
(424910)
Supply (444220)
Fertilizer Mft. (325314)
Office Admin Services
Finfish Fishing (114111)
(561110)
Other Airport Ops (488119)
Other Commercial & Industrial
Machinery & Equip. Rental &
Leasing (532490)
Other Marine Fishing
(114119)
Other Scientific & Technical
Consulting Services (541690)
Other Support Activities for
Air Transp. (488190)
Other Support Activities for
Water Transp. (488390)
Other Warehousing &
Storage (493190)
Outdoor Power Equip. Stores
(444210)
Packaging machinery Mft.
(333993)
Packing & Crating (488991)
Pesticide /Ag Chemical Mft.
(325320)
Phosphatic Fertilizer Mft.
(325312)
Port/Harbor Ops (488310)
Postharvest Crop Activities
(115114)
Real Estate Credit (522292)
Refrig. Storage (493120)
R&D-Physical/Life Science
(541712)
Regulation-Agricultural
Commodities (926140)
Research & Development in
Biotechnology (541711)
Service Establishment Equip. &
Supplies Merchant
Wholesalers (423850)
Shellfish Fishing (114112)
Soil Preparation, Planting &
Cultivating (115112)
Support-Animal Prod.
(115210)
Support - Forestry (115310)
Support-Rail Transp. (488210)
Surveying/Mapping Services
(541370)
Temporary Help (561320)
Timber Tract Operations
(113110)
Tobacco Product Wholesalers
(424940)
Transp. Equip. & Supplies
Merchant Wholesalers
(423860)
Veterinary Services (541940)
Welding/Soldering Equip.
Mft. (333992)
Zoos/Botanical Gardens
(712130)
The agriculture support sector has the largest number of total and projected jobs. The table below
highlights the top five occupations within the agriculture support sector.
Table 2: Agriculture Support Occupation Growth Projections
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Miscellaneous agricultural workers
Landscaping & grounds workers
Laborers/freight, stock, material movers
Management analysts
Office clerks, general
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2011
Jobs
150,791
99,985
64,418
55,038
37,485
2016
Jobs
170,491
108,604
68,924
70,611
41,227
Growth
19,700
8,619
4,506
15,573
3,742
Growth
%
13%
9%
7%
28%
10%
% of
Cluster
10%
7%
4%
4%
3%
Avg Hrly
Wages
$9.94
$12.66
$13.06
$33.70
$14.69
Education
Level
OJT
OJT
OJT
Deg.+ exp.
OJT
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Agriculture Production
Production agriculture involves the making of food, feed, and fiber products for consumers and raw
products for industry. The agriculture production industry relies more on machinery than human labor, a
significant industry change over the past decade. The table below indicates industries included within the
agriculture production cluster.
Table 3: Agriculture Production Industries
Sector
All Other Animal Prod
(112990)
All Other Grain Farm
(111199)
All Other Crop Farm (111998)
Apiculture (112910)
Apple Orchards (111331)
Production Beef Cattle Farming (112111)
Berry Farming (111334)
Broilers & Other Meat Type
Chicken Production (112320)
Chicken Egg Prod. (112310)
Citrus Groves (111320)
Corn Farming (111150)
Cotton Farming (111920)
Industries (NAICS)
Dairy/Milk Prod (112120)
Logging (113310)
Dry Pea/Bean Farm(111130) Oilseed/Grain Combo Farm
Dual-Purpose Cattle Ranch
(111191)
(112130)
Oilseed Farming (111120)
Finfish Farming/Hatcheries
Orange Groves (111310)
(112511)
Other Aquaculture (112519)
Floriculture Prod. (111422)
Other Poultry Prod. (112390)
Fruit/Tree Nut Farm (111336) Other Veg./Melon Farm
Fur-Bearing Animal Prod
(111219)
(112930)
Mushroom Prod. (111411)
Grape Vineyards (111332) Nursery/Tree Prod. (111421)
Goat Farming (112420)
Other Food Crops Grown
Hay Farming (111940)
Under Cover (111419)
Hog & Pig Farming (112210) Other Non-citrus Fruit Farming
Horse Production (112920
(111339)
Peanut Farming (111992)
Potato Farming (111211)
Poultry Hatcheries (112340)
Rice Farming (111160)
Sheep Farming (112410)
Shellfish Farming (112512)
Soybean Farming (111110)
Strawberry Farming (111333)
Sugar Beet Farming (111991)
Sugarcane Farming (111930)
Tobacco Farming (111910)
Tree Nut Farming (111335)
Turkey Production (112330)
Wheat Farming (111140)
The agriculture production sector has a projected decline statewide over the next five years. The table
below highlights the occupations within the production sector with the largest decline.
Table 3: Agriculture Production Occupation Growth Projections
AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS
Occupations
Farmers and ranchers
Farm, ranch, other ag managers
Bookkeeping, accounting, auditing clerks
Supervisors/farming, fishing, & forestry workers
Truck drivers, heavy & tractor-trailer
2011
Jobs
58,193
35,222
3,167
3,002
1,930
2016
Jobs
52,768
29,269
2,497
2,455
1,507
Decline
-5,425
-5,953
-670
-547
-423
Decline
%
-9%
-17%
-21%
-18%
-22%
% of
Cluster
28%
17%
2%
1%
1%
Avg Hrly
Wages
$23.98
$33.04
$18.99
$19.33
$22.48
Education
Level
OJT
Deg. + exp.
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
Agriculture Processing and Packaging
Agriculture processing and packaging is the changing of raw products into processed forms for consumers.
This sector also includes the preparation and storage of materials from agriculture production prior to the
materials being marketed. The table on the following page indicates industries included within the
agriculture processing and packaging sector.
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Table 4: Agriculture Processing and Packaging Industries
Sector
All Other Food Mft. (311999)
Animal Slaughtering (311611)
Beet Sugar Mft. (311313)
Bottle Water Mft. (312112)
Breakfast Cereal Mft.
(311230)
Breweries (312120)
Cane Sugar Refining
(311312)
Cheese Mft. (311513)
Processing/ Chocolate & Confectionery
Packaging Mft.-Cacao Beans (311320)
Cigarette Mft. (312221)
Coffee & Tea Mft. (311920)
Commercial Bakery (311812)
Confectionery Mft. from
Chocolate (311330)
Cookie/Cracker Mft.
(311821)
Cream/Butter Mft. (311512)
Industries (NAICS)
Distilleries (312140)
Frozen Specialty Food Mft.
Dog/Cat Food Mft. (311111) (311412)
Dried/Dehydrated Food Mft. Fruit/Veg. Canning
(311421)
(311423)
Ice Cream Mft. (311520)
Dry Pasta Mft. (311823)
Dry, Condensed, Evaporated Ice Mft. (312113)
Malt Mft. (311213)
Dairy Product Mft.
Meat Processed from
(311514)
Fats/Oils Refining (311225) Carcasses (311612)
Nonchocolate Confectionery
Flavoring Syrup &
Concentrate Mft. (311930) Mft. (311340)
Other Animal Food Mft.
Flour Milling (311211)
(311119)
Flour Mixes & dough Mft.
Other Oilseed Processing
from Flour (311822)
(311223)
Fluid Milk Mft. (311511)
Other Snack Food Mft.
Fresh & Frozen Seafood
(311919)
Processing (311712)
Poultry
Processing (311615)
Frozen Cakes, Pies, & Pastries
Packaging/Labeling (561910)
Mft. (311813)
Frozen Fruit/Juice/Vegetable Perishable Food Mft.
(311991)
Mft. (311411)
Prepared Sauce Mft. (311941)
Rendering/Carcasses(311613)
Retail Bakeries (311811)
Rice Milling (311212)
Roasted Nuts/Peanut Butter
Mft. (311911)
Seafood Canning (311711)
Soft Drink Mft. (312111)
Soybean Processing (311222)
Specialty Canning (311422)
Spice & Extract Mft. (311942)
Sugarcane Mills (311311)
Tobacco Stemming & Redrying
(312210)
Tortilla Mft. (311830)
Wet Corn Milling (311221)
Wineries (312130)
The agriculture processing and packaging sector has the smallest positive growth projections over the next
five years. The following table highlights the occupations within the sector with the highest number of new
jobs projected.
Table 5: Agriculture Processing and Packaging Occupation Growth Projections
AGRICULTURE PROCESSING AND PACKAGING OCCUPATIONS
Description
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders
2011
Jobs
19,625
2016
Growth Growth
Jobs
%
19,970
345
2%
Food batchmakers
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers
Industrial truck and tractor operators
14,968
8,776
7,960
15,393
8,859
8,207
425
83
247
3%
1%
3%
7%
4%
4%
$12.95 OJT
$13.06 OJT
$16.96 OJT
3,880
4,071
191
5%
2%
$32.02 OJT
Sales reps, wholesale/manufacturing, except
technical/scientific products
% of
Cluster
9%
Avg Hrly Education
Wages
Level
$12.28 OJT
Agriculture Distribution
This includes logistics and warehousing as well as sales, marketing, and wholesale trade. The table on the
following page indicates industries included within the agriculture distribution sector.
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Table 6: Agriculture Distribution Industries
Sector
Industries (NAICS)
All Other Specialty Food Stores Deep Sea Transp. (483112) Inland Water Freight
(445299)
Fish/Seafood Markets
Transp. (483211)
Baked Goods Stores (445291) (445220)
Inland Water Passenger
Beer/ Ale Wholesale (424810) Fish/Seafood Wholesalers
Transp. (483212)
Beer, Wine, Liquor Stores
(424460)
Line-Haul Railroads
(445310)
Fresh Fruit/Vegetable
(482111)
Coastal & Lakes Freight Transp. Wholesalers (424480)
Meat & Meat Product
(483113)
Grain/Field Bean
Wholesalers (424470)
Wholesalers (424510)
Nonscheduled Chartered
Distribution Coastal & Lakes Passenger
Transp. (483114)
Livestock Wholesalers
Freight Air Transp.
Confectionery/ Nut Stores
(424520)
(481212)
(445292)
Meat Markets (445210)
Nonscheduled Chartered
Confectionery Wholesalers
Other Farm Wholesalers
Passenger Air Transp.
(424450)
(424590)
(481211)
Convenience Stores (445120) Fruit & Vegetable Markets Other Grocery Products
Dairy Product Wholesalers
(445230)
Wholesalers (424490)
(424430)
Grocery Wholesale(424410) Other Air Transp. (481219)
Packaged Frozen Food
Wholesalers (424420)
Poultry Merchant
Wholesalers (424440)
Scheduled Freight Air
Transp. (481112)
Scheduled Passenger Air
Transp. (481111)
Short Line Railroads
(482112)
Supermarkets & Other
Grocery Stores (445110)
Supermarkets & Other
Grocery Stores (453110)
Wine /Alcoholic Beverage
Wholesalers (424820)
The agriculture distribution sector has a substantial number of new jobs projected over the next five years.
The following table highlights the occupations within the sector with the highest number of new jobs
projected.
Table 7: Agriculture Distribution Occupation Projections
AGRICULTURE DISTRIBUTION OCCUPATIONS
Occupation
Stock clerks and order fillers
Packers and packagers, hand
Sales, wholesale/manufacturing
Driver/sales workers
Customer service representatives
2011
Jobs
57,122
27,108
15,342
10,692
9,280
2016
Growth Growth
Jobs
%
61,204
4,082
7%
27,534
426
2%
16,852
1,510
10%
11,920
1,228
11%
10,322
1,042
11%
% of
Industry
10%
5%
3%
2%
2%
Avg Hrly
Wages
$12.22
$10.32
$32.02
$15.53
$18.05
Education
Level
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Agriculture in the United States
The United States is the world's leading exporter of agricultural products, with a 21% share of world farm
trade. U.S. farm exports reached record levels in 1996, exceeding $60 billion, or about 10% of total
goods exported. With a $27 billion surplus, agriculture was the largest positive contributor to the 1996
U.S. trade balance. Three States—California, Texas, and Iowa—accounted for one fourth of the nation’s
sales, with California alone accounting for nearly $34 billion. The United States’ top agricultural exports in
2008 were soybeans, feed grains, wheat, and their related products1.
Agriculture employs about 2,867,000 workers in the U.S.—1,286,988 in urban counties and 1,580,012 in
rural counties in the nation. Although these jobs represent just 1.6 % of all jobs in the U.S., and 5.9 % of
rural jobs, agriculture also affects U.S. employment indirectly by supporting closely related industries such
as agricultural services, agricultural processing and marketing, and industries that provide farm inputs.
These industries employ an additional 3,564,522 workers; including 955,011 in rural and 2,606,105 in
urban areas of the U.S.
1
Source: Agriculture in the United States, USDA
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Agriculture in California
California’s agriculture is large compared to the economic activity generated by agriculture in other
countries, and ranks between 5th and 9th in the world, depending on which currency exchange rates are
used2.
Agricultural sales from California’s 81,033 farms exceeded $33.9 billion in 2007, ranking 1st among the
50 States. Three counties—Fresno, Tulare, and Kern—accounted for 30.3 % of the State’s sales, with
Fresno alone accounting for over $3.7 billion. Agricultural sales are highest in central and southern
California. California’s top agricultural exports are tree nuts, fruits and preparations, vegetables, and
their related products. California is a top-10 exporter of tree nuts, fruit, vegetables, and dairy products3.
Economic Impact of Agriculture in California
An economic impact analysis using complete, detailed multiplier models to measure the economic value of
local economies by industry was used to determine the overall impact of the agriculture value chain on
California’s economy. The analysis calculates the multiplier impact of agriculture based on two economic
measures: employment and industry output. Employment measures the direct and indirect jobs created by
the industry. Industry output measures the value of all economic activity generated by the industry, such as
purchases from suppliers, labor income, etc. Impacts of these two measures are categorized as following:
 Direct impacts: represent the total jobs and other economic impacts directly generated by the industry.
 Industry Purchases: represent the jobs and other economic impacts generated elsewhere in the region
as a result of business-to-business relationships.
 Employee Spending: represent the economic effects generated through household purchases made in
the region as a result of employee spending.
Figure 1: Agriculture Value Chain Statewide Economic Impact, 20084
$14,494
Production
Distribution
Processing/Packaging
$10,723
$36,450
$68,839
$26,139 $28,675
$93,693
Support
$56,883
$145,825
Direct Impact
Millions
Industry Purchases
$23,576
$49,061
$80,716
Employee Spending
Source: Agriculture’s Role in the Economy, UC Davis, 2008
Source: http://www.rurdev.usda.gov/state-factsheet/StateFactSheetsAug192009.pdf
4 Source: The software and data application used to calculate the economic impact is IMPLAN 3.0. Augmented with EMSI data to calculate the
NAICS to Implan ratios.
2
3
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
In 2008, the total direct impact of the Agriculture value chain in California was $344,806,869,095.
Agriculture support is the sector with the largest impact on the state’s economy, while production yields the
smallest direct impact. The agriculture value chain also provides a significant impact on statewide
employment, as evidenced below.
Figure 2: Agriculture Value Chain Statewide Employment Impact, 2008
$125
Production
$229
Processing/Packaging
$211
$72
$277
$158
$145
Distribution
$550
$204
Support
$1,647
$325
$569
Thousands
Direct Impact
Industry Purchases
Employee Spending
Types of Agriculture Employers in California
The agriculture value chain currently accounts for nearly 3 million jobs in California. The agriculture support
sector is the largest component of the value chain, with 1,446,232 jobs statewide in 2011. Agriculture
processing and production are much smaller clusters in the value chain, with both clusters collectively
accounting for less than 18% of the jobs statewide5.
Figure 3: 2011 California Agriculture Employers by Sector
5
Source: EMSI Complete Data
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation Overview
For each of the four agriculture value chain sectors, staffing patterns were provided using Economic
Modeling Specialists, Inc. (EMSI). The occupations within each sector were compiled, providing current job
counts, five-year projections, average wages, and education requirements for each occupation.
The agriculture value chain is comprised of occupations that can be categorized into four sectors: support,
production, processing/packaging, and distribution. The majority of jobs within the agriculture value chain
are located within the support sector, with production and processing experiencing little growth or declines.
Collectively, the number of total jobs within the agriculture value chain is substantial and based on
interviews, surveys, and a review of secondary research, the industry has positive growth projections in the
near future.
Projected Growth for Agriculture Occupations
Based on labor market projections across all four sectors of the agriculture value chain, there are an
estimated combined five-year growth of 181,740 total new jobs for California’s economy. The overall
projected growth for the occupations studied is fairly consistent, with an average of 36,348 new jobs in
agriculture annually. The sector with the largest number of new jobs projected is agriculture support
(183,018 new jobs in the next five years). The table below highlights occupations with positive growth
projections and relevance for community colleges. Appendix C contains detailed occupational profiles for
the highlighted occupations as well.
Table 8: Agriculture Employment Projections
Agriculture Occupation
Farm, ranch, and other agricultural managers
Farmers and ranchers
Management analysts
Landscaping and groundskeeping workers
Sales representatives, wholesale & manufacturing, except technical/scientific products
Bookkeeping, accounting, auditing clerks
Customer service representatives
Stock clerks and order fillers
Office clerks
Miscellaneous agricultural workers
Supervisors – farming, fishing, and forestry workers
Food batchmakers
Packaging and filling machine operators
Driver/sales workers
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer
Industrial truck and tractor operators
Laborers and material movers
Packers and packagers
Totals
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Employment
(Ca)
Growth
Rate
5-year
Projected
Growth
Average
Hourly
Wage
37,420
64,951
164,645
147,419
143,732
247,840
197,298
202,221
360,406
246,165
10,774
10.7%
3.4%
22.9%
13.1%
17.9%
11.2%
24.0%
18.9%
12.2%
16.9%
16.9%
4,008
2,189
37,695
19,376
25,671
27,761
47,398
38,359
44,202
41,828
1,823
$33.04
$23.98
$33.70
$12.66
$32.02
$18.99
$18.05
$12.22
$14.69
$9.94
$19.33
18,443
44,170
43,443
177,433
64,412
246,486
97,866
2,515,117
19.1%
519.1%
12.4%
13.9%
15.1%
18.9%
18.2%
9.9%
15.9%
3,521
5,471
6,055
26,788
12,175
44,845
9,740
399,122
$12.95
$12.28
$15.53
$22.48
$16.96
$13.06
$10.32
$17.60
12
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Agriculture Jobs by Region
The four agriculture value chain sectors vary in occupation distribution by region. In terms of total number
of jobs, the Los Angeles/Orange County region has the largest number of jobs. The following charts detail
how the jobs are distributed by sector for each of the State’s economic regions. With the exception of the
agriculture processing sector, each sector is projected to experience positive growth over the next five
years. The agriculture processing sector is projected to decline by 36,364 jobs, with the Central Valley
and Los Angeles Regions experiencing the largest declines. Appendix B details five-year occupation
projections by region for each sector in the agriculture value chain.
Figure 4: Agriculture Support 5-Year New Jobs Projection by Region
Agriculture support is the largest cluster
in the agriculture value chain,
representing 59% of the total jobs. In
terms of projected job growth, the
LA/Orange
County
region
will
experience the largest number of new
jobs. The Bay Area/Silicon Valley and
Central Valley also have large job
growth projections in the support cluster.
Collectively, there are a projected
183,018 new agriculture support jobs in
California by 2016.
Figure 5: Agriculture Production 5-Year New Jobs Projection by Region
Agriculture production shows a decrease in current
job levels across all regions by 2016. The Central
Valley is projected to lose over 19,000 jobs in the
next five years. Collectively, there is a projected
loss of 36,407 agriculture production jobs in
California by 2016.
Real-time data to advance community colleges
13
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Figure 6: Agriculture Processing and Packaging 5-Year New Jobs Projection by Region
Agriculture processing and packaging
account for 9% of the agriculture value
chain. Overall, there is a fairly low
growth rate projected for the cluster
with 4,739 new jobs statewide by
2016. The Los Angeles/Orange County
and Central Regions have the largest
growth projections, while the North/Far
North and Bay regions have projected
declines.
Figure 7: Agriculture Distribution 5-Year New Jobs Projection by Region
Agriculture distribution projections
indicate an increase of 29,906
jobs by 2016. Many of the jobs in
the distribution sector are part of
the logistics/warehousing and
sales industries. The employment
size by region is consistent with the
overall population in the regions;
however the Central Valley does
have a high concentration of jobs
within the sector.
Real-time data to advance community colleges
14
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Agriculture Occupation Wages by Region
Collectively, occupations within the agriculture value chain provide a livable wage for employees. The
processing and support sectors provide a significantly higher average wage than the statewide average,
while the distribution and production sectors provide wages that are slightly higher than the statewide
average.
Figure 8: Agriculture Value Chain Statewide Annual Wages, 2011
$58,607
$54,259
$46,878
$46,829
$43,014
CA Average
Distribution
Production
Support
Processing
Agriculture Cluster
The agriculture supply support cluster as a whole provides a significantly higher annual salary than the
statewide average. However, when the regional wages are examined there is a large range of salaries
by region. The Central Region has the lowest average wages with an annual salary for employees of
$34,846.
Figure 9: Agriculture Support Cluster Annual Wages by Region, 2011
Central
$34,846
Inland Empire
$35,896
South Central Coast
$43,424
North/Far North
LA/OC
SD/Imperial
Bay/Silicon Valley
Real-time data to advance community colleges
$48,408
$55,736
$63,654
$76,767
15
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
The agriculture distribution cluster has smaller variation of salary ranges than the support cluster. The
San Diego/Imperial and South Central Coast Regions both have average annual salaries below the
statewide average.
Figure 10: Agriculture Distribution Cluster Annual Wages by Region, 2011
SD/Imperial
South Central Coast
North/Far North
$38,966
$39,984
$43,093
Inland Empire
$44,103
Central
$44,482
LA/OC
$47,434
$52,960
Bay/Silicon Valley
Agriculture production and processing provides a high average annual salary across all regions. The
Inland Empire Region has the lowest regional annual salary; however the amount is still nearly $10,000
higher than the statewide average salary.
Figure 11: Agriculture Processing/Packaging Cluster Annual Wages by Region, 2011
Inland Empire
SD/Imperial
Central
North/Far North
LA/OC
South Central Coast
Bay/Silicon Valley
Real-time data to advance community colleges
$51,795
$52,796
$56,694
$57,610
$58,114
$60,755
$65,317
16
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Agriculture production provides annual wages that are higher than the statewide average across
regions. There is also a consistent range of salaries across regions, with the San Diego/Imperial Region
providing the highest average salary.
Figure 12: Agriculture Production Cluster Annual Wages by Region, 2011
South Central Coast
North/Far North
Inland Empire
Central
LA/OC
$43,706
$44,896
$45,103
$47,392
$47,421
Bay/Silicon Valley
SD/Imperial
$48,644
$51,290
Occupational Skill and Knowledge Requirements
In March 2011, a survey of agriculture employers was conducted throughout California’s Central Valley
with the assistance of the Agriculture Division at Modesto Junior College. A total of 55 employers provided
information regarding workforce and training needs.
Each occupation in the agriculture value chain has specific and often unique skill and knowledge
requirements. The table on the following page highlights the knowledge and skill requirements of the
largest agriculture value chain occupations included in this study.
Agriculture employers indicate a high level of
importance for managers and supervisor’s
understanding and application of local and
state requirements, regulations, and incentives
across all four value chain clusters (97%
importance). Employers also indicate a level of
importance for employees’ understanding of
agricultural products and services (59%
importance across all sectors). Employers
indicated some ‘technical’ aspects of
agriculture (software development, computer
operating systems) were less important.
Real-time data to advance community colleges
17
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Figure 13: Agriculture Support Employer Identified Knowledge, Skills and Abilities
76.4%
Understanding of local/state requirements, regulations, and incentives
6.9%
74.5%
Knowledge of personnel and human resources
18.2%
64.9%
Expertise in management skills
16.7%
22.3%
Understanding of agricultural law and policy
38.5%
Knowledge of cultural practices and communications
37.5%
62.5%
Understanding of import/export
37.5%
62.5%
Knowledge of agricultural principles and practices
36.1%
7.3%
12.8%
41.0%
20.5%
34.7%
29.2%
Understanding of economics
32.4%
46.9%
20.7%
Knowlege of agricultural computer applications
30.8%
48.7%
20.5%
28.2%
Knowledge of agriculture accounting and analysis
51.3%
Very Important
20.5%
Somewhat Important
Not Important
Employers indicate that an understanding of local and state requirements, regulations, and incentives is the
most important knowledge for employees to posses. Understanding of cultural practices and
communications, as well as an understanding of import and export requirements received a much lower
rating of importance.
Figure 14: Agriculture Production Employer Identified Knowledge, Skills and Abilities
2.5%
90.0%
Expertise in customer service
7.5%
5.0%
Interpersonal communication skills
87.5%
Expertise in management skills
87.3%
Understanding of local/state requirements, regulations, and incentives
75.8%
Knowledge of personnel and human resources
74.5%
7.5%
9.1%
3.6%
13.7%
18.2%
52.5%
Knowledge of agricultural products and services
27.5%
34.7%
Understanding of economics and accounting
33.8%
Knowledge of agriculture principles and practices
31.9%
81.3%
Expertise in the use of computer operating systems
18.8%
81.3%
12.5%
87.5%
6.3%6.3%
87.5%
Very Important
12.6%
33.8%
18.8%
Knowledge and understanding of cartography
7.3%
20.0%
62.6%
Ability to troubleshoot
Ability to develop GIS software applications
10.5%
Somewhat Important
Not Important
Important skill and knowledge requirements for agriculture production occupations include customer service,
communication, and management skills. Many of the technical applications, including development of
software and GIS applications are not important for this sector.
Real-time data to advance community colleges
18
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Figure 15: Agriculture Processing Employer Identified Knowledge, Skills and Abilities
Understanding of local/state requirements,
regulations, and incentives
89.1%
7.3%3.6%
87.3%
Expertise in management skills
9.1% 3.6%
74.5%
Knowledge of personnel and human resources
18.2%
41.8%
Understanding of economics and accounting
49.1%
33.8%
Knowledge of agriculture principles and practices
33.8%
18.8%
81.3%
Expertise in the use of computer operating
systems
18.8%
81.3%
Knowledge and understanding of cartography
9.1%
32.4%
Ability to troubleshoot
Ability to develop GIS software applications
12.5%
87.5%
6.3%6.3%
87.5%
Very Important
7.3%
Somewhat Important
Not Important
The most important identified knowledge and skill requirement for agricultural processing occupations is an
understanding of local and state requirements, regulations, and incentives, with 96% of employers
identifying this skill. Expertise in management skills rated equally as high. Additionally, employers indicate
an understanding of human resources, as well as an understanding of economics and accounting as a
somewhat important skill for employees.
Figure 16: Agriculture Distribution Employer Identified Knowledge, Skills and Abilities
Understanding of local/state requirements, regulations, and …
Expertise in management skills
89.1%
7.3%
3.6%
87.3%
9.1%3.6%
76.7%
Knowledge and understanding of security issues related to …
10.0% 13.3%
74.5%
Knowledge of personnel and human resources
18.2%
56.7%
Expertise in using computer information systems for …
Knowledge of agriculture principles and practices
41.8%
Understanding of economics and accounting
41.8%
26.7%
38.2%
18.8%
81.3%
Expertise in the use of computer operating systems
18.8%
81.3%
Knowledge of agricultural principles and practices
17.4%
Ability to develop GIS software applications
Expertise in the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Knowledge and understanding of cartography
28.3%
12.5%
10.0%
9.1%
54.4%
87.5%
33.3%
6.3%6.3%
56.7%
87.5%
Very Important
Real-time data to advance community colleges
16.7%
20.0%
49.1%
Ability to troubleshoot
7.3%
Somewhat Important
Not Important
19
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Ninety-six percent of employers indicate a general understanding of local and state requirements,
regulations, and incentives as the most important skill for employees in the agriculture distribution sector.
Employers rated GIS and related technologies low, however during employer interviews the use of GIS
was identified as a critical skill for employees. The discrepancy between the survey data and interviews
may be due to employers’ lack of familiarity with GIS. Many employers did not know what GIS was, but in
describing job skills, GIS was mentioned as a critical skill.
Employer Needs and Challenges
Employers indicate a high level of difficulty attracting trained and experienced personnel. The level of
difficulty creates a challenge for employers to hire replacement positions as well as fill any new jobs that
may develop. During interviews with employers, several key workforce challenges were identified.
Additionally, the level of difficulty finding qualified applicants increases the overall demand for key
positions and could support the need for quality training programs. In particular:



Employers indicate great difficulty in hiring employees with technical writing skills;
Many employers identified difficulty in hiring tractor and diesel mechanics;
Nearly all employers identified difficulty in hiring specialized positions in all four sectors.
In the agriculture value chain, the relationship between difficulty in hiring and projected growth for each of
the sectors is noteworthy. Employers also expressed an interest in working with local community colleges for
internships, curriculum development, and to provide ‘industry tours’ to students and faculty. However,
employers did indicate an over-use of advisory committees in the agriculture industry. Seventy-one percent
of employers surveyed indicated they had no interest in participating in an advisory committee.
Education and Experience Preferences
When asked to describe their organizations level of interest regarding educational and training programs
that could be developed by community colleges for the agriculture value chain workforce, the majority of
responses indicated interest in on-site customized training for current employees and a certificate specific
to an occupations. The majority of respondents do not indicate a strong desire for a 2-year or 4-year
degree. Employers did express the need for the potential employee to have on-the-job experience.
Figure 17: Agriculture Value Chain Employer-Identified Education Preferences
On-site customized training for current
employees
A certificate specific to an occupation
A 2-year degree specific to an
occupation
A 4-yr degree specific to an occupation
56.6%
13.2%
16.7%
13.0%
43.4%
52.8%
27.8%
55.6%
18.5%
Great Interest
34.0%
68.5%
Some Interest
No Interest
Employers were also asked if they were interested in being contacted by a local college to learn more
about partnership opportunities, 22% of respondents indicated they would like to be contacted.
Additionally 46% of respondents indicated they would be interested in working with local colleges for
internship opportunities.
Real-time data to advance community colleges
20
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Agriculture Value Chain Educational Programs
An inventory of current education programs for occupations within the agriculture value chain was
conducted to determine: 1) the extent of agriculture education programs currently offered; and 2) any
potential gaps in education programs. The inventory was conducted using the California Community
College Chancellor’s Office (CCCCO) Inventory of Approved Programs.
The table on the following page highlights community college programs within the agriculture value chain.
Appendix D contains a detailed list of the specific colleges within each region currently offering the
programs identified in this report.
Table 9: Community College Programs Related to Agriculture with TOP Code
Region
Program (TOP Code)
0101.00 Ag Tech & Sciences, General
0102.00 Animal Science
0102.10 Veterinary Technician (Licensed)
0102.20 Artificial Inseminator
0102.30 Dairy Science
0102.40 Equine Science
0103.00 Plant Science
0103.10 Ag Pest Control Advisor/Operator (Licensed)
0104.00 Viticulture, Enology & Wine Business
0109.00 Horticulture
0109.00 Landscape Design & Maintenance
0109.20 Floriculture/Floristry
0109.30 Nursery Technology
0109.40 Turfgrass Technology
0112.00 Ag Business, Sales, & Service
0113.00 Food Processing & Related Technologies
0114.00 Forestry
0115.00 Natural Resources
0115.10 Parks & Outdoor Recreation
0115.20 Wildlife & Fisheries
0116.00 Ag Power Equipment Technology
0199.00 Other Ag & Natural Resources6
0201.00 Landscape Architecture
0299.00 Other Architecture/Environmental Design 7
0301.00 Environmental Science
0302.00 Environmental Studies
0303.00 Environmental Technology
0402.00 Botany, General
0403.00 Biotechnology & Biomedical Technology
0407.00 Zoology, General
0501.00 Business & Commerce, General
0502.00 Accounting
0504.00 Banking & Finance
0506.40 Small Business & Entrepreneurship
0506.50 Retail Store Operations & Management
0508.00 International Business & Trade
0509.00 Marketing & Distribution
6
7
North/
Bay Area /
South
LA/
Inland San Diego/
Central
Far North Silicon Valley
Central Orange Empire
Imperial
8
1
7
2
1
1
1
1
6
2
1
3
4
1
2
1
1
2
1
4
1
1
2
1
6
2
1
1
1
1
3
1
5
6
6
3
7
2
1
5
9
3
4
4
3
1
5
2
1
4
3
3
8
2
2
3
1
3
1
1
1
1
2
2
4
1
7
2
1
2
1
1
2
4
1
6
2
4
2
1
1
3
2
1
1
2
5
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
3
1
3
3
4
1
4
3
3
2
1
1
4
3
3
4
1
3
1
1
7
1
3
2
1
5
1
11
15
9
4
13
6
5
12
25
13
8
25
9
6
2
3
3
1
7
1
3
8
9
3
3
18
2
3
6
13
6
1
19
5
4
1
5
1
15
3
7
10
6
7
22
3
5
Sustainable Agriculture; Soil Science; Ag Systems Management; BioResource; and Ag Engineering
MJC program- City& Regional Planning
Real-time data to advance community colleges
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Region
Program (TOP Code)
0509.40 Sales & Salesmanship
0509.60 Display8
0509.70 E-Commerce (business emphasis)
0510.00 Logistics & Material’s Transportation
0516.00 Labor & Industrial Relations
0518.00 Customer Service
0702.00 Computer Information Systems
0708.10 Computer Networking
0709.10 E-Commerce (technology emphasis)
0934.00 Electronics & Electronic Technology
0934.20 Industrial Electronics
0943.00 Instrumentation Technology
0945.00 Industrial Systems Technology & Maintenance
0947.00 Diesel Technology
0947.20 Heavy Equipment Maintenance9
0947.30 Heavy Equipment Operation
0955.00 Lab Science Technology
0956.00 Manufacturing & Industrial Technology
0956.30 Machining & Machine Tools
0956.40 Sheet Metal & Structural Metal
0956.50 Welding Technology
0956.80 Industrial Quality Control
0958.00 Water & Water Technology
1307.10 Restaurant & Food Services Management
2105.30 Industrial & Transportation Security
2204.00 Economics
2206.10 Geographic Information Systems
Totals
8
9
North/
Bay Area /
South
LA/
Inland San Diego/
Central
Far North Silicon Valley
Central Orange Empire
Imperial
2
4
1
1
1
1
2
3
3
1
3
1
1
1
1
7
12
12
6
16
10
6
7
16
5
6
9
1
5
3
1
5
5
6
4
18
5
3
2
2
3
4
1
2
1
1
3
5
1
4
1
3
2
2
5
2
3
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
4
2
3
4
4
1
10
3
1
1
7
4
2
11
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
8
8
10
5
12
5
2
1
3
3
1
1
3
3
2
3
3
4
4
3
6
2
3
1
2
4
2
8
1
2
11
4
4
2
4
1
3
2
1
151
235
178
90
305
84
100
This program is for students seeking careers as display designers in point-of-sale interior displays, industrial displays, and visual promotion.
Santiago Canyon College’s Programs for 0947.20 and 0947.30 in the LA/Orange Region are Apprenticeship Programs
Real-time data to advance community colleges
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Conclusion
Research conducted for this report indicates a significant impact of the agriculture value chain on
California’s economy. Furthermore, an increase in employment over the next three years, with a small
number of jobs overall within the agriculture value chain is projected. Overall, occupations within the
agriculture value chain provide a decent wage for workers, in many cases higher than the statewide
average wages.
There are many community colleges throughout California with programs existing or in development to
train in occupations included in this report. However, there are some gaps in programs that may warrant
program development.
According to research results, employers indicate they were most interested in certificate programs for
specific occupations. There is also a need identified for technical reading and writing for occupations in the
agriculture value chain.
Recommendations
California Community Colleges are well positioned to build a pipeline of skilled workers, create and
expand industry partnerships, and meet existing workforce needs in the agriculture value chain and future
needs if they arise. Based on research conducted for this report, the following are recommended.
1. Colleges contemplating implementation or development of agriculture value chain education
programs should review the following considerations for program development.
With such a vast number of occupation titles and total employment demand, there is a need for
education programs throughout California for specialized occupations within the agriculture value chain.
However, the need and type of training varies by region. In order for a college to determine if it is
reasonable to provide training in a particular agriculture sector, there are two main considerations: A) is
the college located in an area where opportunities for employer partnerships are available; and B) is
there a need for trained workers in the region? Additionally, colleges should consider offering training
directly to employers through a contract education mode.
A. Partnerships with employers
Each region of California contains a varying concentration of agriculture employers. Agriculture support
employers are heavily concentrated in the Los Angeles/Orange county Region, while agriculture
production employers are concentrated in the Central Valley with a decline in jobs projected.
Agriculture processing has a large employment base in the LA/Orange, Central Valley, and Inland
Empire Regions. Lastly, agriculture distribution employers are concentrated in the LA/Orange, Central,
and Bay Regions. The distribution of employers creates an opportunity for colleges to create
partnerships, access faculty for training programs, and address regional labor market demands.
B. Employment need
Individual colleges should assess the employment need in their service area based on data in this report
and through additional outreach and information gathering from local employers. Colleges should
consider the number of jobs in the area, future need, financial resources needed for program
development and recruitment of faculty to teach classes for agriculture occupations.
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
References
Agriculture’s Role in the Economy, UC Davis, 2008
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Dictionary of Occupational Titles, www.occupationalinfo.org
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2009, www.bls.gov
California Community Colleges Taxonomy of Programs, 6th Edition
California Employment Development Department, Labor Market Information Division,
www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov
Economic Modeling Specialists, Inc (EMSI)
Environmental Systems Research, Inc (ESRI) ArcGIS
Implan 3.0
InfoUSA
O*Net Resource Center
Pennsylvania State University, Living Wage Calculator
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Appendix A: How to Use this Report
This report is designed to provide current industry data to:

Define potential strategic opportunities relative to an industry’s emerging trends and workforce
needs;

Influence and inform local college program planning and resource development;

Promote a future-oriented and market responsive way of thinking among stakeholders; and,

Assist faculty, Economic Development and CTE administrators, and Community and Contract
Education programs in connecting with industry partners.
The information in this report has been validated by employers and also includes a listing of what
programs are already being offered by colleges to address those workforce needs. In some instances,
the labor market information and industry validation will suggest that colleges might not want to begin
or add programs, thereby avoiding needless replication and low enrollments.
About the Centers of Excellence
The Centers of Excellence (COE), in partnership with business and industry, deliver regional workforce
research customized for community college decision making and resource development. This information
has proven valuable to colleges in beginning, revising, or updating economic development and Career
Technical Education (CTE) programs, strengthening grant applications, assisting in the accreditation
process, and in supporting strategic planning efforts.
The Centers of Excellence Initiative is funded in part by the Chancellor’s Office, California Community
Colleges, Economic and Workforce Development Program. The total grant amount represents funding
for multiple projects and written reports through the Central Region Center of Excellence. The Centers
aspire to be the premier source of regional economic and workforce information and insight for
California’s community colleges.
More information about the Centers of Excellence is available at www.coeccc.net.
Important Disclaimer
All representations included in this report have been produced from primary research and/or
secondary review of publicly and/or privately available data and/or research reports. Efforts have
been made to qualify and validate the accuracy of the data and the reported findings; however,
neither the Centers of Excellence, COE host District, nor California Community Colleges Chancellor’s
Office are responsible for applications or decisions made by recipient community colleges or their
representatives based upon components or recommendations contained in this study.
Real-time data to advance community colleges
25
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Appendix B: List of Occupations Included in the Agriculture Value Chain
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Miscellaneous agricultural workers
Landscaping & grounds workers
Laborers, freight, stock, and material movers
Management analysts
Office clerks, general
Managers, all other
Packers and packagers, hand
General and operations managers
Executive secretaries & administrative assistants
Customer service representatives
Bookkeeping, account, audit clerks
Janitors/cleaners, except maids
Managers-landscaping, lawn, grounds workers
Industrial truck & tractor operators
Construction laborers
Business operation specialists, other
Managers of office & admin support workers
Stock clerks and order fillers
Shipping, receiving, traffic clerks
Team assemblers
Sales reps, services, all other
Medical scientists, except epidemiologists
Sales reps, wholesale/ manufacturing, except
technical and scientific products
Helpers--Production workers
Receptionists and information clerks
Managers of non-retail sales
Accountants and auditors
Registered nurses
Truck driver, heavy & tractor-trailer
Maintenance & repair workers
Secretaries, except legal, medical
Pest control workers
Veterinary technicians
Financial managers
Truck drivers, light/delivery services
Employment, recruitment, placement specialists
Loan officers
Retail salespersons
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
2016
Jobs
Jobs
150,791 170,491
99,985 108,604
64,418
68,924
55,038
70,611
37,485
41,227
32,998
39,578
29,644
32,154
23,741
25,493
23,700
27,093
22,153
25,973
20,687
23,393
19,755
21,583
19,672
21,438
19,159
20,896
15,593
18,275
15,498
18,403
15,118
16,905
15,083
16,777
14,975
15,812
14,732
16,367
13,956
15,931
12,766
15,986
12,092
12,746
New Growth
Jobs
%
19,700
13%
8,619
9%
4,506
7%
15,573
28%
3,742
10%
6,580
20%
2,510
8%
1,752
7%
3,393
14%
3,820
17%
2,706
13%
1,828
9%
1,766
9%
1,737
9%
2,682
17%
2,905
19%
1,787
12%
1,694
11%
837
6%
1,635
11%
1,975
14%
3,220
25%
654
5%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
10%
$9.94
7%
$12.66
4%
$13.06
4%
$33.70
3%
$14.69
2%
$26.86
2%
$10.32
2%
$57.79
2%
$22.63
2%
$18.05
1%
$18.99
1%
$12.55
1%
$15.45
1%
$16.96
1%
$22.39
1%
$32.54
1%
$26.03
1%
$12.22
1%
$14.64
1%
$13.38
1%
$27.95
1%
$41.46
1%
$32.02
11,806
11,320
11,237
11,210
11,108
10,121
9,546
9,222
9,045
8,964
8,817
13,482
12,858
12,485
13,363
12,452
11,145
10,839
10,037
9,156
10,690
10,394
1,676
1,538
1,248
2,153
1,344
1,024
1,293
815
111
1,726
1,577
14%
14%
11%
19%
12%
10%
14%
9%
1%
19%
18%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
$11.06
$14.05
$32.26
$29.23
$40.59
$22.48
$19.00
$16.88
$13.68
$17.22
$49.17
8,689
8,108
7,791
7,486
9,516
9,448
7,952
7,784
827
1,340
161
298
10%
17%
2%
4%
1%
1%
1%
1%
$17.78
$29.29
$32.94
$12.68
Education
Level
OJT
OJT
OJT
Degree+ exp.
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
Degree+ exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
PhD/MD
OJT
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
2-yr Degree
Degree +
exp.
OJT
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
26
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Chief executives
Cargo and freight agents
Veterinary assistants
Computer software engineers, systems software
Nonfarm animal caretakers
Graders/sorters, ag products
Office & admin support workers
Production workers, all other
Packaging/filling machine operator
Amusement & recreation attendants
Market research analysts
Assemblers & fabricators, all other
Veterinarians
Tree trimmers and pruners
Data entry keyers
Welders, cutters, solderers, brazers
Supervisors- farming, fishing, forestry
Sales managers
Sales and related workers, all other
Inspectors, testers, sorters, weighers
Computer software engineers, applications
Mobile heavy equip. mechanics, except engines
Engineers, all other
Billing/posting clerk & machine operator
Computer systems analysts
Securities, commodities, finance sales agents
Licensed vocational nurses
Farmers and ranchers
Waiters and waitresses
Loan interviewers and clerks
Biological technicians
Animal trainers
Industrial machinery mechanics
Machinists
Cashiers, except gaming
Computer support specialists
Counter and rental clerks
Managers-helpers, laborers, and material movers
Bill and account collectors
Marketing managers
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
7,417
7,372
7,199
7,056
6,987
6,755
6,672
6,635
6,615
6,569
6,332
6,296
6,175
5,835
5,677
5,671
5,655
5,418
5,412
5,393
5,335
5,327
5,146
4,950
4,865
4,753
4,734
4,619
4,568
4,505
4,367
4,310
4,231
4,219
4,197
4,182
4,176
3,950
3,888
3,817
2016
Jobs
8,491
8,229
8,157
8,664
7,838
7,765
6,999
7,444
7,439
7,190
8,048
7,268
7,279
6,377
5,849
5,843
6,346
6,370
5,970
6,188
6,548
5,678
6,011
5,679
5,859
5,978
5,239
4,764
5,070
4,117
5,015
4,594
4,771
4,697
4,416
4,703
4,443
4,235
4,216
4,598
New Growth
Jobs
%
1,074
14%
857
12%
958
13%
1,608
23%
851
12%
1,010
15%
327
5%
809
12%
824
12%
621
9%
1,716
27%
972
15%
1,104
18%
542
9%
172
3%
172
3%
691
12%
952
18%
558
10%
795
15%
1,213
23%
351
7%
865
17%
729
15%
994
20%
1,225
26%
505
11%
145
3%
502
11%
-388
-9%
648
15%
284
7%
540
13%
478
11%
219
5%
521
12%
267
6%
285
7%
328
8%
781
20%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
1%
$54.81
1%
$20.29
0%
$15.44
0%
$50.21
0%
$20.30
0%
$9.87
0%
$15.30
0%
$15.69
0%
$12.28
0%
$9.92
0%
$33.12
0%
$14.09
0%
$44.79
0%
$14.73
0%
$14.78
0%
$20.06
0%
$19.33
0%
$51.18
0%
$20.49
0%
$17.80
0%
$46.85
0%
$27.65
0%
$45.57
0%
$17.60
0%
$37.16
0%
$33.77
0%
$23.92
0%
$23.98
0%
$10.25
0%
$20.14
0%
$21.96
0%
$21.17
0%
$25.53
0%
$19.04
0%
$11.42
0%
$25.29
0%
$12.88
0%
$22.96
0%
$17.84
0%
$60.07
Education
Level
Degree+ exp.
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
MD or Equiv.
OJT
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
Degree+ exp.
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
Certificate
4-yr Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
Certificate
OJT
OJT
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
Degree+ exp.
27
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Fishers and related fishing workers
Sales reps, wholesale/mft, technical/scientific
products
Production, planning, expediting
File clerks
Transportation, storage, distribution managers
Telemarketers
Engineering managers
Natural sciences managers
Nursing aides
Managers-retail sales workers
Carpenters
Mechanical engineers
Purchasing agents-ex. wholesale, farm products
Chemists
Information & record clerks
Biochemists and biophysicists
Environmental scientists/specialists, including health
Merchandise display/window trim
Security guards
Network systems & data communications analysts
Network & computer systems administrators
Computer info system manager
Installation, maintenance, and repair workers
Personal financial advisors
Computer programmers
Demonstrators and product promoters
Administrative services managers
Compliance officers, except agriculture,
construction, health and safety, and transportation
Aerospace engineers
Managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers
Maids and housekeeping cleaners
Computer specialists, all other
Payroll and timekeeping clerks
Electronics engineers, except computer
Medical secretaries
Pesticide handlers, sprayers, applicators,
vegetation
Financial analysts
Teachers and instructors, all other
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
3,552
3,496
2016
Jobs
3,051
3,835
New Growth
Jobs
%
-501
-14%
339
10%
% of
Avg Hrly
Education
Cluster
Wages
Level
0%
$12.78 OJT
0%
$40.64 OJT
3,423
3,416
3,408
3,388
3,322
3,318
3,302
3,197
3,194
3,154
3,107
3,099
3,089
3,056
3,038
3,029
2,968
2,948
2,889
2,826
2,809
2,737
2,653
2,602
2,586
2,531
3,884
3,206
4,192
3,594
3,882
3,835
3,765
3,194
3,599
3,485
3,658
3,235
3,117
3,775
3,989
3,461
3,340
3,880
3,393
3,291
3,005
3,389
2,864
3,069
2,947
3,144
461
-210
784
206
560
517
463
-3
405
331
551
136
28
719
951
432
372
932
504
465
196
652
211
467
361
613
13%
-6%
23%
6%
17%
16%
14%
0%
13%
10%
18%
4%
1%
24%
31%
14%
13%
32%
17%
16%
7%
24%
8%
18%
14%
24%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$22.85
$14.42
$36.76
$13.61
$67.50
$66.24
$13.96
$20.75
$28.30
$41.67
$28.89
$38.31
$18.43
$41.83
$34.99
$16.16
$12.72
$32.74
$37.18
$60.73
$16.39
$32.20
$35.71
$13.73
$41.08
$28.09
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
Degree+ exp.
Degree+ exp.
Certificate
Work exp.
OJT
4-yr Degree
Work exp.
4-yr Degree
OJT
PhD/MD
Grad. Degree
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
Degree+ exp.
OJT
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
Degree+ exp.
OJT
2,517
2,493
2,441
2,434
2,414
2,381
2,348
2,336
2,931
2,652
2,669
2,823
2,601
2,726
2,748
2,561
414
159
228
389
187
345
400
225
16%
6%
9%
16%
8%
14%
17%
10%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$50.94
$31.91
$10.28
$37.38
$19.96
$46.94
$16.54
$14.80
4-yr Degree
Work exp.
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
Certificate
OJT
2,328
2,297
2,872
2,732
544
435
23%
19%
0%
0%
$37.99 4-yr Degree
$24.01 4-yr Degree
28
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Order clerks
Cutting, punching, press machine setters, operators,
tenders- metal and plastic
Managers-transportation, material-moving
machine/vehicle operators
Public relations specialists
Farm equipment mechanics
Managers of production and operating workers
Human resources, training, and labor relations
specialists, all other
Graphic designers
Dispatchers, except police, fire, ambulance
Human resources assistants, except payroll
timekeeping
Industrial engineers
Life, physical, and social science technicians
Physical scientists, all other
Meeting and convention planners
Training & development specialists
Electrical engineers
Weighers, measurers, checkers, samplers
Civil engineers
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment
Coaches and scouts
Agents and business managers of artists,
performers, and athletes
Parts salespersons
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine
specialists
Medical assistants
Electrical and electronic engineering technicians
Farm, ranch, other agricultural managers
Combined food prep and serving workers
Logisticians
Transportation workers, all other
Lawyers
Chemical technicians
Commercial pilots
Machine feeders and off-bearers
Bartenders
Financial specialists, all other
Personal and home care aides
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
2,284
2,191
2016
Jobs
1,989
2,368
New Growth
Jobs
%
-295
-13%
177
8%
% of
Avg Hrly
Education
Cluster
Wages
Level
0%
$15.40 OJT
0%
$14.32 OJT
2,189
2,229
40
2%
0%
$27.98 Work exp.
2,177
2,162
2,130
2,127
2,781
2,134
2,324
2,587
604
-28
194
460
28%
-1%
9%
22%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$30.23
$18.84
$27.87
$31.93
2,114
2,104
2,081
2,564
2,164
2,243
450
60
162
21%
3%
8%
0%
0%
0%
$24.43 4-yr Degree
$19.48 OJT
$20.53 OJT
2,004
2,003
2,000
1,953
1,937
1,909
1,907
1,860
1,823
1,820
1,814
2,517
2,312
2,240
2,224
2,382
2,138
2,043
2,126
2,009
2,147
2,064
513
309
240
271
445
229
136
266
186
327
250
26%
15%
12%
14%
23%
12%
7%
14%
10%
18%
14%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$40.69
$22.91
$39.99
$19.55
$29.82
$45.49
$13.51
$42.33
$12.25
$20.50
$26.81
1,814
1,804
1,822
1,916
8
112
0%
6%
0%
0%
$17.26 OJT
$22.89 Certificate
1,794
1,793
1,787
1,734
1,710
1,675
1,645
1,608
1,554
1,541
1,528
1,511
1,510
2,067
2,041
1,972
1,973
2,121
1,808
1,951
1,767
1,752
1,343
1,684
1,680
1,722
273
248
185
239
411
133
306
159
198
-198
156
169
212
15%
14%
10%
14%
24%
8%
19%
10%
13%
-13%
10%
11%
14%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$15.47
$28.38
$33.04
$9.68
$35.75
$22.37
$57.97
$21.64
$35.13
$12.51
$10.79
$32.17
$10.31
4-yr Degree
Certificate
Work exp.
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
Degree+ exp.
OJT
2-yr Degree
Degree+ exp.
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
MD or Equiv.
2-yr Degree
Certificate
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
29
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Construction and related workers, all other
Word processors and typists
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians
Dishwashers
Automotive technicians/mechanics
Engineering technicians, except drafters
Home health aides
Managers-housekeeping/janitorial workers
Compensation, benefits, job analysis specialists
Recreation workers
Material moving workers, all other
Education, vocational, counselor
Electricians
Mail clerks & mail machine operators, ex. postal
Database administrators
Switchboard operators
Cooks, restaurant
Managers of personal service workers
Clinical, counseling, school psychologists
Counter attendants, concession, coffee shop
Sales engineers
Food preparation workers
Ushers, lobby attendants, ticket takers
Interviewers, except eligibility/loan
Cost estimators
Driver/sales workers
Property, real estate, association managers
Writers and authors
Environmental engineers
Dining room/cafeteria attendants and helpers
Microbiologists
Forest and conservation workers
Credit authorizers, checkers, clerks
Computer hardware engineers
Tellers
Computer operators
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers
Managers of food preparation & serving workers
Office machine operators, except computer
Food service managers
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
1,486
1,449
1,443
1,436
1,428
1,403
1,399
1,375
1,361
1,353
1,339
1,319
1,313
1,294
1,289
1,272
1,257
1,254
1,250
1,237
1,194
1,184
1,175
1,164
1,161
1,154
1,153
1,144
1,138
1,137
1,126
1,125
1,123
1,108
1,092
1,084
1,067
1,059
1,053
1,037
2016
Jobs
1,657
1,509
1,525
1,616
1,584
1,618
1,595
1,501
1,705
1,540
1,407
1,549
1,468
1,318
1,520
1,282
1,427
1,464
1,407
1,399
1,337
1,334
1,315
1,446
1,385
1,290
1,379
1,422
1,486
1,226
1,291
1,311
1,290
1,277
1,086
1,013
1,223
1,198
1,072
1,179
New Growth
Jobs
%
171
12%
60
4%
82
6%
180
13%
156
11%
215
15%
196
14%
126
9%
344
25%
187
14%
68
5%
230
17%
155
12%
24
2%
231
18%
10
1%
170
14%
210
17%
157
13%
162
13%
143
12%
150
13%
140
12%
282
24%
224
19%
136
12%
226
20%
278
24%
348
31%
89
8%
165
15%
186
17%
167
15%
169
15%
-6
-1%
-71
-7%
156
15%
139
13%
19
2%
142
14%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
0%
$19.03
0%
$17.70
0%
$28.55
0%
$9.34
0%
$23.79
0%
$30.07
0%
$11.60
0%
$11.39
0%
$29.84
0%
$12.13
0%
$21.21
0%
$26.74
0%
$27.99
0%
$14.39
0%
$38.22
0%
$13.58
0%
$12.25
0%
$18.84
0%
$30.35
0%
$9.90
0%
$48.17
0%
$10.35
0%
$10.47
0%
$18.17
0%
$32.97
0%
$15.53
0%
$14.58
0%
$16.26
0%
$40.96
0%
$9.56
0%
$37.26
0%
$12.84
0%
$18.96
0%
$52.95
0%
$13.10
0%
$19.29
0%
$15.24
0%
$15.08
0%
$14.24
0%
$19.50
Education
Level
OJT
OJT
Certificate
OJT
Certificate
2-yr Degree
OJT
Work exp.
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
Grad. Degree
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
PhD/MD
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
PhD/MD
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
Work exp.
30
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks
Heating, AC, refrigeration mechanics and installers
Physicists
Self-enrichment education teachers
Fitness trainers/aerobics instructors
Helpers-Installation, maintenance, repair workers
Wholesale/retail buyers, except farm products
Technical writers
Medical & health services managers
Budget analysts
Geoscientists, except hydrologists geographers
Cooks, fast food
Operations research analysts
Computer information scientists, research
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders
Biomedical engineers
Landscape architects
Soil and plant Scientists
Environmental science and protection technicians
Tour guides and escorts
Human resources managers
Grounds maintenance workers
Nuclear engineers
Plumbers, pipefitters, steamfitters
Biological scientists, all other
Outdoor equipment & small engine mechanics
Motor vehicle operators, all other
Claims adjusters, examiners, investigators
Crane and tower operators
Telecommunications equipment installers and
repairers, except line installers
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers
Managers-construction trades & extraction workers
Maintenance workers, machinery
Life scientists, all other
Elementary school teachers, ex. special education
Mixing/blending machine setter, operator, tenders
Construction managers
Medical & clinical laboratory technicians
Food scientists and technologists
Instructional coordinators
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
1,006
997
981
980
978
966
957
949
942
934
932
931
925
924
913
884
868
858
846
836
835
829
823
816
816
799
794
769
757
754
2016
Jobs
1,186
1,017
1,130
1,156
1,136
1,016
1,000
1,105
1,113
1,129
1,198
1,033
1,156
1,037
951
1,233
946
1,004
1,125
930
966
906
951
879
940
790
881
897
774
889
753
736
731
717
715
704
697
664
654
651
793
843
790
825
796
815
870
768
767
783
New Growth
Jobs
%
180
18%
20
2%
149
15%
176
18%
158
16%
50
5%
43
4%
156
16%
171
18%
195
21%
266
29%
102
11%
231
25%
113
12%
38
4%
349
39%
78
9%
146
17%
279
33%
94
11%
131
16%
77
9%
128
16%
63
8%
124
15%
-9
-1%
87
11%
128
17%
17
2%
135
18%
40
107
59
108
81
111
173
104
113
132
5%
15%
8%
15%
11%
16%
25%
16%
17%
20%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
0%
$18.61
0%
$26.01
0%
$47.84
0%
$15.97
0%
$17.14
0%
$14.20
0%
$26.51
0%
$36.49
0%
$44.50
0%
$36.22
0%
$38.04
0%
$9.43
0%
$38.09
0%
$54.31
0%
$23.06
0%
$42.66
0%
$32.39
0%
$31.30
0%
$25.48
0%
$13.93
0%
$57.45
0%
$13.45
0%
$44.96
0%
$27.38
0%
$33.17
0%
$18.59
0%
$16.73
0%
$29.05
0%
$27.70
0%
$25.57
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$20.32
$33.95
$19.13
$38.77
$37.45
$15.82
$36.93
$20.41
$29.37
$32.22
Education
Level
OJT
OJT
PhD/MD
Work exp.
Certificate
OJT
Work exp.
4-yr Degree
Degree+ exp.
4-yr Degree
Grad. Degree
OJT
Grad. Degree
PhD/MD
OJT
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
OJT
Degree+ exp.
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Certificate
Work exp.
OJT
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
Grad. Degree
31
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Art directors
Paralegals and legal assistants
Purchasing managers
Credit analysts
Medical records and health information technicians
Statisticians
Industrial-organizational psychologists
Mechanical engineering technicians
Refuse recyclable material collectors
Painters, construction and maintenance
Procurement clerks
Protective service workers, all other
Industrial production managers
Couriers and messengers
Baggage porters and bellhops
Social science research assistants
Adult literacy, remedial education, GED instructors
Architects, except landscape & naval
Zoologists and wildlife biologists
Agricultural & food science technicians
Physicians and surgeons
Agricultural inspectors
Pharmacists
Postsecondary teachers
Child care workers
Captains, mates, pilots of water vessels
Gaming supervisors
Audio and video equipment technicians
Healthcare support workers
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs
Fire fighters
Editors
Chemical engineers
Computer, automated teller, office machine repair
Legal secretaries
Legal support workers
Conservation scientists
Reservation/transportation ticket agents/clerks
Sailors and marine oilers
Occupational health and safety specialists
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
650
643
642
629
624
624
623
609
608
597
591
586
584
584
580
572
571
566
561
553
547
547
544
538
538
533
533
531
530
526
525
524
524
523
517
516
511
511
497
497
2016
Jobs
749
772
736
620
751
721
812
643
711
671
665
692
650
617
655
671
635
622
671
636
634
619
629
633
610
587
645
590
614
577
599
628
581
581
557
600
608
564
533
624
New Growth
Jobs
%
99
15%
129
20%
94
15%
-9
-1%
127
20%
97
16%
189
30%
34
6%
103
17%
74
12%
74
13%
106
18%
66
11%
33
6%
75
13%
99
17%
64
11%
56
10%
110
20%
83
15%
87
16%
72
13%
85
16%
95
18%
72
13%
54
10%
112
21%
59
11%
84
16%
51
10%
74
14%
104
20%
57
11%
58
11%
40
8%
84
16%
97
19%
53
10%
36
7%
127
26%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
0%
$22.28
0%
$29.08
0%
$46.30
0%
$33.93
0%
$18.57
0%
$36.60
0%
$47.63
0%
$25.32
0%
$24.02
0%
$26.00
0%
$18.57
0%
$17.36
0%
$47.31
0%
$10.19
0%
$12.61
0%
$21.09
0%
$26.11
0%
$35.09
0%
$32.81
0%
$19.71
0%
$80.80
0%
$25.68
0%
$56.06
0%
$47.74
0%
$9.74
0%
$29.08
0%
$13.21
0%
$19.77
0%
$17.47
0%
$13.46
0%
$32.39
0%
$23.16
0%
$44.28
0%
$21.37
0%
$24.47
0%
$26.60
0%
$32.51
0%
$16.19
0%
$17.49
0%
$34.21
Education
Level
Degree+ exp.
2-yr Degree
Degree+ exp.
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
Grad. Degree
Grad. Degree
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
2-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
MD or Equiv.
Work exp.
MD or Equiv.
PhD/MD
OJT
Work exp.
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
Certificate
Certificate
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
32
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Loan counselors
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials
Rail car repairers
Actors
Fire inspectors and investigators
Commercial divers
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners
Telecommunications line installers and repairers
Locomotive engineers and operators
Architectural and civil drafters
Respiratory therapists
Printing machine operators
Environmental engineering technicians
Parking lot attendants
Electrical/electronic repair, commercial/industrial
Foresters
Industrial engineering technicians
Cooks, short order
Welding/soldering machine operator, tender
Construction and building inspectors
Survey researchers
Economists
Food batchmakers
Health and safety engineers, except mining safety
engineers and inspectors
Pharmacy technicians
Animal breeders
Dental assistants
Mechanical drafters
Hosts/hostesses, restaurant, lounge, coffee shop
Food preparation and serving related workers
Operating engineers/other equip. operators
Training and development managers
Secondary school teachers, except special/voc. Ed.
Healthcare technologists and technicians, all other
Electro-mechanical technicians
Real estate sales agents
Lifeguards, ski patrol
Control/valve installer/repairer, ex mech. door
Chefs and head cooks
Teacher assistants
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
496
493
485
478
472
458
456
456
453
453
451
445
444
442
436
435
424
421
408
406
400
400
399
392
2016
Jobs
528
534
437
538
540
503
444
536
476
476
513
512
573
470
479
503
511
464
409
473
517
492
469
475
391
382
382
380
365
363
362
361
346
340
340
337
334
331
330
326
470
400
447
413
384
407
400
427
393
405
383
408
371
353
367
379
New Growth
Jobs
%
32
6%
41
8%
-48
-10%
60
13%
68
14%
45
10%
-12
-3%
80
18%
23
5%
23
5%
62
14%
67
15%
129
29%
28
6%
43
10%
68
16%
87
21%
43
10%
1
0%
67
17%
117
29%
92
23%
70
18%
83
21%
79
18
65
33
19
44
38
66
47
65
43
71
37
22
37
53
20%
5%
17%
9%
5%
12%
10%
18%
14%
19%
13%
21%
11%
7%
11%
16%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
0%
$22.58
0%
$10.51
0%
$25.39
0%
$28.38
0%
$35.35
0%
$14.36
0%
$20.62
0%
$22.61
0%
$27.51
0%
$26.68
0%
$31.49
0%
$17.28
0%
$26.56
0%
$10.68
0%
$27.46
0%
$30.45
0%
$22.99
0%
$11.58
0%
$17.69
0%
$30.35
0%
$24.45
0%
$38.04
0%
$12.95
0%
$39.76
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$17.68
$23.49
$16.97
$26.08
$9.74
$9.84
$30.62
$47.72
$39.10
$24.36
$25.22
$12.30
$13.71
$26.13
$21.58
$18.49
Education
Level
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Certificate
2-yr Degree
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
Certificate
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
4-yr Degree
Grad. Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
Certificate
OJT
OJT
OJT
Degree+ exp.
4-yr Degree
Certificate
2-yr Degree
Certificate
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
33
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Multiple machine tool setter, tenders, metal/plastic
Coin, vending, machine servicers and repairers
Slot key persons
Coating, painting, spraying machine setters,
operators, tenders
Medical & clinical lab technologists
Hazardous materials removal workers
Personal care and service workers
Public relations managers
Healthcare practitioners and technical workers
Cement masons and concrete finishers
Compensation and benefits managers
Media and communication workers, all other
Materials scientists
Electromechanical equipment assemblers
Roofers
Food servers, nonrestaurant
Floral designers
Metal workers and plastic workers, all other
Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters,
operators, and tenders, metal and plastic
Social scientists and related workers, all other
Commercial & industrial designers
Radiologic technicians
Health educators
Sheet metal workers
Woodworkers, all other
Producers and directors
Railroad brake, signal, & switch operators
Interpreters and translators
Conveyor operators and tenders
Materials engineers
Physical therapists
Education, training, and library workers, all other
Middle school teachers, except special and
vocational education
Transportation inspectors
Advertising and promotions managers
Psychologists, all other
Umpires, referees, and other sports officials
Surveyors
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
322
321
316
315
2016
Jobs
340
353
381
363
New Growth
Jobs
%
18
6%
32
10%
65
21%
48
15%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
0%
$15.48
0%
$13.96
0%
$11.69
0%
$15.07
Education
Level
OJT
OJT
Certificate
OJT
312
311
310
308
306
305
303
300
297
297
290
286
285
284
281
369
371
346
365
377
331
360
368
345
357
306
320
292
323
322
57
60
36
57
71
26
57
68
48
60
16
34
7
39
41
18%
19%
12%
19%
23%
9%
19%
23%
16%
20%
6%
12%
2%
14%
15%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$35.04
$19.83
$18.97
$47.72
$34.55
$25.17
$48.61
$24.43
$45.30
$14.68
$24.38
$11.67
$12.03
$18.27
$12.85
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
Degree+ exp.
Certificate
OJT
Degree+ exp.
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
277
276
267
267
263
261
260
260
260
259
257
253
252
250
350
309
312
327
296
297
293
273
326
273
309
286
286
277
73
33
45
60
33
36
33
13
66
14
52
33
34
27
26%
12%
17%
22%
13%
14%
13%
5%
25%
5%
20%
13%
13%
11%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$35.42
$26.79
$30.53
$23.75
$26.34
$13.80
$45.03
$23.59
$24.58
$16.36
$45.43
$37.11
$18.47
$37.04
Grad. Degree
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
Grad. Degree
OJT
OJT
Degree+ exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
Grad. Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
249
247
247
246
244
269
285
277
283
265
20
38
30
37
21
8%
15%
12%
15%
9%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$30.21
$41.14
$32.27
$14.76
$35.80
Work exp.
Degree+ exp.
Grad. Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
34
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Multi-media artists and animators
Mathematical scientists, all other
Millwrights
Private detectives and investigators
Surveying and mapping technicians
Marine engineers & naval architects
Insurance underwriters
Structural metal fabricators & fitters
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers
Engine & other machine assemblers
Desktop publishers
Travel agents
Highway maintenance workers
Civil engineering technicians
Grinding, lapping, machine tool setters, operatorsmetal/plastic
Roustabouts, oil and gas
Urban and regional planners
Motorboat mechanics
Painters, transportation equipment
Meat, poultry, fish cutters/trimmers
Medical/public health social worker
Precision instrument/equip repairer
Atmospheric and space scientists
Set and exhibit designers
Sociologists
Geological and petroleum technicians
Transportation attendants, except flight attendants
Advertising sales agents
Title examiner, abstractor, searcher
Bindery workers
Proofreaders and copy markers
Massage therapists
Designers, all other
Community/social service specialists
Social workers, all other
Electrical and electronics drafters
Drafters, all other
Dietitians and nutritionists
Dental hygienists
Photographers
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
237
233
232
229
229
228
228
228
227
220
217
217
211
209
207
2016
Jobs
295
307
253
274
252
259
212
246
246
247
240
273
219
231
210
204
202
200
199
195
194
194
193
192
191
191
191
187
186
186
185
184
183
182
181
181
179
177
177
177
244
271
215
203
214
230
199
235
216
228
232
206
243
208
201
202
213
206
223
225
202
199
216
206
200
New Growth
Jobs
%
58
24%
74
32%
21
9%
45
20%
23
10%
31
14%
-16
-7%
18
8%
19
8%
27
12%
23
11%
56
26%
8
4%
22
11%
3
1%
40
69
15
4
19
36
5
42
24
37
41
15
56
22
15
17
29
23
41
44
21
20
39
29
23
20%
34%
8%
2%
10%
19%
3%
22%
13%
19%
21%
8%
30%
12%
8%
9%
16%
13%
23%
24%
12%
11%
22%
16%
13%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
0%
$21.06
0%
$33.54
0%
$27.15
0%
$23.20
0%
$27.55
0%
$30.34
0%
$31.59
0%
$19.15
0%
$10.16
0%
$18.78
0%
$18.70
0%
$17.80
0%
$26.38
0%
$29.66
0%
$14.67
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$20.86
$37.56
$19.34
$22.80
$11.94
$26.61
$25.73
$36.36
$22.07
$34.41
$30.95
$14.27
$28.16
$25.35
$13.59
$16.41
$21.28
$21.90
$21.24
$26.51
$28.29
$26.66
$29.11
$42.12
$24.01
Education
Level
4-yr Degree
Grad. Degree
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
Certificate
Certificate
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
Grad. Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
Grad. Degree
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Certificate
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
Certificate
Certificate
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
OJT
35
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Hairdressers, cosmetologists
Entertainers/performers, sports & related workers
Brokerage clerks
Actuaries
Insurance sales agents
Curators
Aircraft cargo handling supervisors
Cooks, institution and cafeteria
Radio and television announcers
Computer-controlled machine tool operators
Locker room attendants
Mathematicians
Anthropologists and archeologists
Drywall and ceiling tile installers
Nuclear technicians
Surgical technologists
Ship engineers
Avionics technicians
Security and fire alarm systems installers
Managers-protective service workers, all other
Therapists, all other
Door-to-door sales workers
Crossing guards
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks
Hydrologists
Museum Technicians/conservators
Social and human service assistants
Physician assistants
Motorboat operators
Prepress technicians and workers
Statistical assistants
Plasterers and stucco masons
Forest and conservation technicians
Service station attendants
Occupational health/safety technicians
Sewing machine operators
Jeweler/precious stone workers
Athletes and sports competitors
Riggers
Counselors, all other
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
176
176
175
175
173
172
172
172
166
166
165
164
164
161
161
161
159
158
157
156
151
149
146
146
145
144
143
142
140
140
138
137
136
134
134
134
134
131
131
130
2016
Jobs
202
202
178
237
200
199
188
197
193
194
182
195
211
182
185
188
179
173
166
180
170
156
165
167
177
167
168
172
149
160
165
152
167
152
170
141
143
150
141
160
New Growth
Jobs
%
26
15%
26
15%
3
2%
62
35%
27
16%
27
16%
16
9%
25
15%
27
16%
28
17%
17
10%
31
19%
47
29%
21
13%
24
15%
27
17%
20
13%
15
9%
9
6%
24
15%
19
13%
7
5%
19
13%
21
14%
32
22%
23
16%
25
17%
30
21%
9
6%
20
14%
27
20%
15
11%
31
23%
18
13%
36
27%
7
5%
9
7%
19
15%
10
8%
30
23%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
0%
$17.74
0%
$15.62
0%
$20.18
0%
$42.23
0%
$24.50
0%
$28.81
0%
$20.79
0%
$13.71
0%
$20.07
0%
$17.20
0%
$11.77
0%
$45.23
0%
$33.40
0%
$25.62
0%
$29.47
0%
$22.52
0%
$34.47
0%
$26.50
0%
$20.29
0%
$22.55
0%
$24.73
0%
$8.35
0%
$10.29
0%
$11.70
0%
$38.73
0%
$21.14
0%
$16.81
0%
$45.10
0%
$21.25
0%
$20.57
0%
$20.74
0%
$23.60
0%
$18.56
0%
$11.86
0%
$23.63
0%
$11.13
0%
$20.39
0%
$37.32
0%
$26.19
0%
$23.16
Education
Level
Certificate
OJT
OJT
Degree+ exp.
4-yr Degree
Grad. Degree
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
PhD/MD
Grad. Degree
OJT
2-yr Degree
Certificate
Certificate
Certificate
Certificate
Work exp.
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
Grad. Degree
Grad. Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
Certificate
OJT
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
Certificate
OJT
Certificate
OJT
OJT
Grad. Degree
36
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Job printers
Religious workers, all other
Court, municipal, and license clerks
Mental health /substance abuse social workers
Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators,
and tenders, metal and plastic
Chemical equip operators/tenders
Paper goods machine setters, operators, tenders
Structural iron and steel workers
Home appliance repairers
Gaming service workers, all other
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, tenders
Real estate brokers
Medical equipment preparers
Chemical plant/system operators
Lodging managers
Appraisers/assessors of real estate
Gaming dealers
Cutting/slicing machine setters, operators, tenders
Helpers, construction trades
Librarians
Occupational therapists
Aerospace engineering and operations technicians
Social/community service managers
Air traffic controllers
Cabinetmakers/bench carpenters
Electrical/electronic installer/repair, trans. Equip.
Cooks, all other
Telephone operators
Slaughterers and meat packers
Stonemasons
Fallers
Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers
Semiconductor processors
Tax preparers
Interior designers
Loading machine operators, underground mining
Photographic processing machine operators
New accounts clerks
Financial examiners
Brickmasons and blockmasons
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
129
128
127
126
123
2016
Jobs
142
142
141
148
141
121
120
117
117
116
113
112
112
110
108
108
107
106
106
106
104
104
104
102
102
100
96
95
95
95
94
92
91
91
91
90
90
88
87
86
127
133
128
117
131
125
133
129
100
121
113
120
118
118
125
117
122
123
119
114
105
110
120
103
104
98
97
104
119
105
92
89
75
96
94
New Growth
Jobs
%
13
10%
14
11%
14
11%
22
17%
18
15%
6
13
11
0
15
12
21
17
-10
13
5
13
12
12
19
13
18
19
17
12
5
14
25
8
9
4
5
13
28
14
2
-1
-13
9
8
5%
11%
9%
0%
13%
11%
19%
15%
-9%
12%
5%
12%
11%
11%
18%
13%
17%
18%
17%
12%
5%
15%
26%
8%
9%
4%
5%
14%
31%
15%
2%
-1%
-15%
10%
9%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
0%
$17.72
0%
$11.65
0%
$22.07
0%
$21.80
0%
$14.51
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$22.69
$15.82
$27.53
$19.55
$12.62
$10.92
$13.08
$15.05
$26.94
$22.31
$14.62
$10.86
$15.22
$17.01
$30.48
$36.04
$28.73
$30.30
$55.45
$17.37
$26.43
$13.89
$16.82
$11.54
$23.88
$21.86
$24.24
$16.59
$18.53
$24.55
$20.42
$15.51
$16.34
$40.71
$28.55
Education
Level
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
Grad. Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
Certificate
Certificate
OJT
OJT
Grad. Degree
Grad. Degree
2-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
Certificate
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
4-yr Degree
OJT
37
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Gas compressor & gas pumping station operators
Education administrators, all other
Medical transcriptionists
Electronic home ent. equip. installer/repairer
Gaming managers
Physical therapist assistants
Airline pilots/copilots, flight engineers
Fiberglass laminators/fabricators
Preschool teachers, except special education
Helpers, carpenters
Excavating & loading machine/dragline operator
Tire repairers and changers
Meter readers, utilities
Aircraft structure, rigging, systems assemblers
Child, family, school social workers
Animal scientists
Log graders and scalers
Helpers, electricians
Cartographer & photogrammetrists
Fashion designers
Epidemiologists
Petroleum engineers
Bus drivers, transit and intercity
Service unit operator, oil, gas
Law clerks
Crushing, grinding, polishing machine setters,
operators, tenders
Forest fire inspectors/prevention specialists
Dancers
Medical equipment repairers
Logging equipment operators
Molders, shapers, casters, except metal and plastic
Speech-language pathologists
Lathe/turning machine tool setters, operators, and
tenders, metal & plastic
Special education teachers, secondary school
Food cooking machine operators and tenders
Upholsterers
Farm/home management advisors
Mental health counselors
Historians
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
86
84
83
83
82
82
81
80
80
80
79
78
78
77
77
77
77
76
73
72
71
70
70
69
69
69
2016
Jobs
97
94
102
93
100
91
90
90
91
91
87
82
79
84
91
86
77
83
95
79
86
95
77
89
81
74
New Growth
Jobs
%
11
13%
10
12%
19
23%
10
12%
18
22%
9
11%
9
11%
10
13%
11
14%
11
14%
8
10%
4
5%
1
1%
7
9%
14
18%
9
12%
0
0%
7
9%
22
30%
7
10%
15
21%
25
36%
7
10%
20
29%
12
17%
5
7%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
0%
$21.19
0%
$36.83
0%
$15.48
0%
$21.75
0%
$17.52
0%
$26.48
0%
$68.14
0%
$14.41
0%
$13.63
0%
$17.39
0%
$28.90
0%
$15.21
0%
$23.08
0%
$27.09
0%
$22.52
0%
$24.62
0%
$21.90
0%
$18.21
0%
$29.42
0%
$32.75
0%
$34.30
0%
$56.22
0%
$18.73
0%
$27.69
0%
$24.70
0%
$16.02
Education
Level
OJT
Degree+ exp.
Certificate
Certificate
Work exp.
2-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
Certificate
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
Grad. Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
68
68
68
68
67
65
65
79
72
84
71
74
76
63
11
4
16
3
7
11
-2
16%
6%
24%
4%
10%
17%
-3%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$32.38
$13.56
$23.11
$19.40
$15.11
$32.59
$17.01
Work exp.
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
Grad. Degree
OJT
63
63
62
61
61
61
72
70
67
79
70
81
9
7
5
18
9
20
14%
11%
8%
30%
15%
33%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$40.46
$12.73
$17.53
$24.37
$23.03
$35.48
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
Grad. Degree
Grad. Degree
38
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Artists and related workers
Furniture finishers
Butchers and meat cutters
Purchase agent/buyer-farm products
Helpers, painters, plasterers, and stucco masons
Woodworking machine setters, operators, tenders,
except sawing
Hoist and winch operators
Tool and die makers
Radiation therapists
Milling/planing machine setters, operators,
tenders, metal/plastic
Musicians and singers
Tile and marble setters
Travel guides
Entertainment attendants
Cleaning, washing, metal pickling equipment
operators/tenders
Media and communication equipment workers
Wellhead pumpers
Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and
still machine setters, operators, tenders
Correspondence clerks
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners
Diagnostic medical sonographers
Rehabilitation counselors
Building cleaning workers, all other
Mining machine operators, all other
Library technicians
Stationary engineers and boiler operators
Cardiovascular technicians
Gaming/sports book writers & runners
Nuclear power reactor operators
Automotive body & related repairers
Sawing machine setters, operators, tenders, wood
Bakers
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting
machine setters, operators, and tenders
Rail transportation workers
Fence erectors
Grinding/polishing workers, hand
Mining and geological engineers, including mining
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
60
60
60
59
57
56
2016
Jobs
75
66
65
60
61
62
New Growth
Jobs
%
15
25%
6
10%
5
8%
1
2%
4
7%
6
11%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
0%
$14.15
0%
$16.73
0%
$15.15
0%
$38.26
0%
$12.76
0%
$13.03
Education
Level
OJT
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
55
55
55
54
57
61
65
56
2
6
10
2
4%
11%
18%
4%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$32.05
$23.44
$42.15
$18.72
OJT
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
53
53
52
52
51
61
59
56
58
57
8
6
4
6
6
15%
11%
8%
12%
12%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$14.51
$25.91
$16.96
$12.69
$12.30
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
51
51
50
56
54
57
5
3
7
10%
6%
14%
0%
0%
0%
$27.01 OJT
$25.83 OJT
$22.28 OJT
50
50
49
49
48
48
48
46
46
46
45
45
45
44
44
50
58
56
55
55
54
55
53
55
51
60
48
50
50
51
0
8
7
6
7
6
7
7
9
5
15
3
5
6
7
0%
16%
14%
12%
15%
13%
15%
15%
20%
11%
33%
7%
11%
14%
16%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$18.83
$29.49
$35.82
$16.11
$9.95
$25.23
$18.75
$28.60
$28.68
$14.36
$35.63
$23.53
$14.17
$14.50
$14.01
OJT
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
Grad. Degree
OJT
OJT
Certificate
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
44
44
43
43
46
46
50
57
2
2
7
14
5%
5%
16%
33%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$20.55
$23.04
$12.70
$35.25
OJT
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
39
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
safety engineers
Physical therapist aides
Boilermakers
Drilling/boring machine tool setters, operators,
tenders, metal plastic
Coil winders, tapers, and finishers
Water/ waste treatment plant/system operators
Skin care specialists
Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, illustrators
Choreographers
Plant/ system operators
Emergency medical technician/ paramedic
Public address system and announcers
Logging workers
Helpers-pipelayer, plumber, pipefitter, steamfitter
Rolling machine setters, operators, tenders, metal
and plastic
Helpers, brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons,
tile/ marble setters
Forensic science technicians
Concierges
Dentists, general
Septic tank services/sewer pipe cleaners
Airfield operations specialists
Emergency management specialists
Archivists
Occupational therapist assistants
Camera operators, television, video, motion picture
Costume attendants
Models
Astronomers
Eligibility interviewers, government programs
Film and video editors
Cutters and trimmers, hand
Power plant operators
Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, wall
Bus drivers, school
Rotary drill operators, oil and gas
Psychiatric aides
Numerical tool & process control programmers
Earth drillers, except oil and gas
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
New
Jobs
Growth
%
% of
Cluster
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
39
39
39
45
43
37
6
4
-2
15%
10%
-5%
0%
0%
0%
$13.45 OJT
$34.30 OJT
$16.25 OJT
39
38
38
38
38
38
38
37
37
36
36
41
56
46
43
41
43
43
44
37
40
39
2
18
8
5
3
5
5
7
0
4
3
5%
47%
21%
13%
8%
13%
13%
19%
0%
11%
8%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$12.50
$28.62
$19.05
$15.28
$19.26
$29.23
$17.12
$14.00
$18.35
$16.08
$17.01
36
39
3
8%
0%
$16.02 OJT
35
34
33
32
32
32
30
29
29
29
29
28
28
27
27
26
25
25
25
25
25
24
48
40
39
35
38
40
32
33
33
33
33
33
36
35
29
33
28
28
35
28
27
31
13
6
6
3
6
8
2
4
4
4
4
5
8
8
2
7
3
3
10
3
2
7
37%
18%
18%
9%
19%
25%
7%
14%
14%
14%
14%
18%
29%
30%
7%
27%
12%
12%
40%
12%
8%
29%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$31.55
$14.28
$63.70
$20.90
$28.61
$35.60
$24.02
$25.10
$23.07
$16.67
$15.71
$39.48
$21.35
$31.83
$11.51
$35.21
$23.39
$15.65
$27.30
$13.42
$28.36
$27.60
OJT
OJT
Certificate
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
Certificate
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
MD or Equiv.
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
Grad. Degree
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
PhD/MD
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
40
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Tax examiners, collectors, revenue agents
Broadcast technicians
Substance abuse & behavioral disorder counselors
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters,
operators, & tenders
Manicurists and pedicurists
Psychiatric technicians
Painting, coating, & decorating workers
Library assistants, clerical
Helpers, extraction workers
Cooling/freezing equipment operators & tenders
Electrical/electronic repairers, powerhouse,
substation, & relay
Elevator installers and repairers
Model makers, metal and plastic
Textile, apparel, furnishing workers
Railroad conductors/yardmasters
Food/tobacco roasting, baking, drying machine
operators/tenders
Paperhangers
Forging machine setters, operators, tenders, metal
and plastic
Derrick operators, oil and gas
Motion picture projectionists
Tapers
Education administrators, elementary and
secondary school
Communications equipment operators
Extraction workers, all other
Geographers
Dental laboratory technicians
Craft artists
Gaming change persons and booth cashiers
Pipelayers
Electrical power-line installers and repairers
Camera and photographic equipment repairers
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers
Paving, surfacing, tamping equipment operators
Respiratory therapy technicians
Glaziers
Opticians, dispensing
Ambulance drivers & attendants, except EMTs
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
23
23
23
23
2016
Jobs
24
25
26
27
23
22
22
21
21
21
21
New
Jobs
1
2
3
4
Growth
%
4%
9%
13%
17%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
0%
$28.40
0%
$20.23
0%
$17.51
0%
$11.27
Education
Level
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
Grad. Degree
OJT
27
25
24
24
23
23
23
4
3
2
3
2
2
2
17%
14%
9%
14%
10%
10%
10%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$11.85
$24.31
$17.50
$14.42
$22.29
$17.49
$35.67
Certificate
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Certificate
20
20
20
19
19
21
23
23
21
21
1
3
3
2
2
5%
15%
15%
11%
11%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$39.79
$21.20
$11.16
$27.59
$17.11
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
18
18
19
19
1
1
6%
6%
0%
0%
$25.01 OJT
$18.65 OJT
18
17
17
17
26
21
19
20
8
4
2
3
44%
24%
12%
18%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$21.56
$12.44
$25.61
$56.52
17
16
16
16
15
15
15
15
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
19
18
21
18
16
16
16
16
14
15
16
15
15
16
15
2
2
5
2
1
1
1
1
0
1
2
1
1
2
1
12%
13%
31%
13%
7%
7%
7%
7%
0%
7%
14%
7%
7%
14%
7%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$21.85
$24.22
$28.34
$20.42
$13.38
$11.10
$26.61
$36.78
$20.60
$24.15
$25.03
$27.41
$25.03
$17.85
$14.11
OJT
OJT
OJT
Degree +
exp.
OJT
OJT
Grad. Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
41
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS
Description
Education administrators, postsecondary
Pharmacy aides
Mathematical technicians
Plating & coating machine setters, operators, and
tenders, metal and plastic
Carpet installers
Dredge operators
Reporters and correspondents
Insurance appraisers, auto damage
Traffic technicians
Textile winding, twisting, drawing out machine
setters, operators, and tenders
Political scientists
Rail-track laying & maintenance equip. operators
Sound engineering technicians
Motorcycle mechanics
Tailors, dressmakers, custom sewers
Locksmiths and safe repairers
Nuclear medicine technologists
Cooks, private household
Special education teachers, preschool,
kindergarten, elementary school
Rock splitters, quarry
Dietetic technicians
Mechanical door repairers
Petroleum pump system operators, refinery
operators, and gaugers
Photographic process workers
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
14
13
13
13
2016
Jobs
16
13
16
15
13
13
13
13
13
12
New
Jobs
2
0
3
2
Growth
%
14%
0%
23%
15%
% of
Avg Hrly
Cluster
Wages
0%
$42.05
0%
$11.97
0%
$19.58
0%
$13.95
Education
Level
Degree+ exp.
OJT
Grad. Degree
OJT
14
14
16
14
14
13
1
1
3
1
1
1
8%
8%
23%
8%
8%
8%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$24.43
$31.47
$17.77
$25.16
$27.80
$10.80
OJT
OJT
Degree+ exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
12
12
12
11
11
11
11
11
11
15
11
12
<10
12
12
13
12
13
3
-1
0
-1
1
2
1
2
25%
-8%
0%
-9%
9%
18%
9%
18%
0%
0%
0%
-0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$32.90
$21.94
$28.68
-$18.17
$17.18
$41.61
$10.61
$38.24
4-yr Degree
OJT
Certificate
OJT
OJT
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
11
11
10
10
12
12
10
11
1
1
0
1
9%
9%
0%
10%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$20.61
$15.46
$22.29
$32.70
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
10
12
2
20%
0%
$20.09 OJT
42
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS
Occupations
Miscellaneous agricultural workers
Farmers and ranchers
Farm, ranch, other ag managers
Bookkeeping, accounting, auditing clerks
Supervisors, farming, fishing, & forestry workers
Landscaping & groundskeeping workers
Truck drivers, heavy & tractor-trailer
Animal trainers
Truck drivers, light or delivery services
Sales reps, wholesale and manufacturing, except
technical and scientific products
Animal breeders
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive
Graders and sorters, agricultural products
Packers and packagers, hand
Office clerks, general
Security guards
General and operations managers
Chief executives
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants
Maids and housekeeping cleaners
Industrial truck and tractor operators
Accountants and auditors
Maintenance and repair workers, general
Driver/sales workers
Managers-office & administrative support workers
Laborers and freight, stock, material movers, hand
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers
Carpenters
Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except
engines
Janitors/cleaners, except maids and housekeeping
Veterinarians
Industrial production managers
Sales reps, wholesale and manufacturing, technical
and scientific products
Agricultural and food science technicians
Customer service representatives
Production, planning, and expediting clerks
Logging equipment operators
Medical secretaries
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
81,986
58,193
35,222
3,167
3,002
2,113
1,930
1,218
1,090
781
2016
Jobs
63,639
52,768
29,269
2,497
2,455
1,635
1,507
993
856
599
Growth
-18,347
-5,425
-5,953
-670
-547
-478
-423
-225
-234
-182
Growth
%
-22%
-9%
-17%
-21%
-18%
-23%
-22%
-18%
-21%
-23%
% of
Cluster
40%
28%
17%
2%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
0%
Avg Hrly
Wages
$9.94
$23.98
$33.04
$18.99
$19.33
$12.66
$22.48
$21.17
$17.78
$32.02
Education
Level
OJT
OJT
Deg. + exp.
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
688
676
673
664
654
615
612
610
556
499
499
478
460
458
423
401
394
346
342
597
507
515
491
515
486
464
460
436
356
387
385
361
361
328
295
300
263
267
-91
-169
-158
-173
-139
-129
-148
-150
-120
-143
-112
-93
-99
-97
-95
-106
-94
-83
-75
-13%
-25%
-23%
-26%
-21%
-21%
-24%
-25%
-22%
-29%
-22%
-19%
-22%
-21%
-22%
-26%
-24%
-24%
-22%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$23.49
$16.88
$9.87
$10.32
$14.69
$12.72
$57.79
$54.81
$22.63
$10.28
$16.96
$29.23
$19.00
$15.53
$26.03
$13.06
$20.06
$28.30
$27.65
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
Deg. + exp.
Deg. + exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
4-yr degree
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
Certificate
318
289
257
223
252
231
198
174
-66
-58
-59
-49
-21%
-20%
-23%
-22%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$12.55
$44.79
$47.31
$40.64
OJT
MD/Equiv.
Work exp.
OJT
219
219
219
211
195
173
176
169
155
156
-46
-43
-50
-56
-39
-21%
-20%
-23%
-27%
-20%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$19.71
$18.05
$22.85
$19.40
$16.54
2-yr degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
Certificate
43
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS
Occupations
Managers-mechanics, installers, and repairers
Agricultural inspectors
Maintenance workers, machinery
Coaches and scouts
Bus and truck mechanics & diesel engine specialists
File clerks
Mixing/blending machine setter, operators,
tenders
Sales managers
Managers, all other
Purchasing agents, ex. wholesale, retail, farm
products
Managers- protective service workers, all other
Public relations specialists
Property, real estate, association managers
Cashiers, except gaming
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment
Industrial machinery mechanics
Management analysts
Legal secretaries
Stock clerks and order fillers
Food scientists and technologists
Budget analysts
Computer programmers
Demonstrators and product promoters
Farm equipment mechanics
Weighers, measurers, samplers, recordkeeping
Tree trimmers and pruners
Nonfarm animal caretakers
Soil and plant Scientists
Rail car repairers
Purchasing managers
Marketing managers
Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers
Teachers and instructors, all other
Graphic designers
Pesticide handlers, sprayers, applicators,
vegetation
Human resources managers, all other
Recreation workers
Fallers
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
185
178
154
145
144
137
135
2016
Jobs
143
141
128
122
113
90
117
Growth
-42
-37
-26
-23
-31
-47
-18
Growth
%
-23%
-21%
-17%
-16%
-22%
-34%
-13%
% of
Cluster
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
132
127
125
Avg Hrly
Wages
$31.91
$25.68
$19.13
$20.50
$22.89
$14.42
$15.82
Education
Level
Work exp.
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
Certificate
OJT
OJT
110
115
101
-22
-12
-24
-17%
-9%
-19%
0%
0%
0%
$51.18 Deg. + exp.
$26.86 Work exp.
$28.89 Work exp.
125
124
121
118
118
112
105
104
95
95
94
92
87
84
83
82
75
74
68
65
64
62
61
58
57
100
103
93
92
93
95
84
80
74
81
72
63
65
66
58
63
66
58
55
51
50
49
50
45
45
-25
-21
-28
-26
-25
-17
-21
-24
-21
-14
-22
-29
-22
-18
-25
-19
-9
-16
-13
-14
-14
-13
-11
-13
-12
-20%
-17%
-23%
-22%
-21%
-15%
-20%
-23%
-22%
-15%
-23%
-32%
-25%
-21%
-30%
-23%
-12%
-22%
-19%
-22%
-22%
-21%
-18%
-22%
-21%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$22.55
$30.23
$14.58
$11.42
$12.25
$25.53
$33.70
$24.47
$12.22
$29.37
$36.22
$35.71
$13.73
$18.84
$13.51
$14.73
$20.30
$31.30
$25.39
$46.30
$60.07
$11.94
$24.01
$24.43
$14.80
57
57
56
45
44
40
-12
-13
-16
-21%
-23%
-29%
0%
0%
0%
$57.45 Deg. + exp.
$12.13 OJT
$21.86 OJT
Work exp.
4-yr degree
4-yr degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
Deg. + exp.
Certificate
OJT
4-yr degree
4-yr degree
4-yr degree
OJT
Certificate
OJT
OJT
OJT
4-yr degree
OJT
Deg. + exp.
Deg. + exp.
OJT
4-yr degree
4-yr degree
OJT
44
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS
Occupations
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks
Welding/soldering machine
setter/operator/tender
Operating engineers
Butchers and meat cutters
Order clerks
Fitness trainers/aerobics instructors
Travel agents
Logging workers
Sales and related workers
Production workers
Grinding/polishing workers, hand
Crushing/grinding, machine setter, operator,
tender
Business operation specialists
Grounds maintenance workers
Slaughterers and meat packers
Compensation/ benefits managers
Painters, construction & maintenance
Electricians
Network & computer systems administrators
Instructional coordinators
Data entry keyers
Log graders and scalers
Education, training, & library workers
Office & administrative support workers
Cooks, restaurant
Receptionists and information clerks
Computer operators
Training and development managers
Food preparation workers
Plumbers, pipefitters, steamfitters
Payroll and timekeeping clerks
Electrical/electronic engineering technicians
Chemical equipment operators/tenders
Billing clerks & machine operators
HR, training, labor relations specialists
Training and development specialists
Packaging/filling machine operators and tenders
Animal scientists
Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists
Real-time data to advance community colleges
2011
Jobs
52
52
2016
Jobs
38
40
Growth
Growth
%
-14
-27%
-12
-23%
% of
Cluster
0%
0%
Avg Hrly
Education
Wages
Level
$14.64 OJT
$17.69 OJT
48
48
47
46
45
42
40
39
38
37
37
38
29
35
36
32
32
32
32
30
-11
-10
-18
-11
-9
-10
-8
-7
-6
-7
-23%
-21%
-38%
-24%
-20%
-24%
-20%
-18%
-16%
-19%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$30.62
$15.15
$15.40
$17.14
$17.80
$18.35
$20.49
$15.69
$12.70
$16.02
OJT
OJT
OJT
Certificate
Certificate
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
37
37
37
36
36
34
34
33
33
31
29
28
28
28
27
27
27
26
26
25
23
23
22
22
22
21
21
28
28
29
29
28
27
27
27
23
24
23
19
21
21
18
22
21
20
19
20
18
18
19
18
17
17
18
-9
-9
-8
-7
-8
-7
-7
-6
-10
-7
-6
-9
-7
-7
-9
-5
-6
-6
-7
-5
-5
-5
-3
-4
-5
-4
-3
-24%
-24%
-22%
-19%
-22%
-21%
-21%
-18%
-30%
-23%
-21%
-32%
-25%
-25%
-33%
-19%
-22%
-23%
-27%
-20%
-22%
-22%
-14%
-18%
-23%
-19%
-14%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$32.54
$13.45
$11.54
$48.61
$26.00
$27.99
$37.18
$32.22
$14.78
$21.90
$18.47
$15.30
$12.25
$14.05
$19.29
$47.72
$10.35
$27.38
$19.96
$28.38
$22.69
$17.60
$31.93
$29.82
$12.28
$24.62
$29.29
4-yr degree
OJT
OJT
Deg. + exp.
OJT
OJT
4-yr degree
4-yr degree
OJT
OJT
4-yr degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Deg. + exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
2-yr degree
OJT
OJT
4-yr degree
4-yr degree
OJT
4-yr degree
4-yr degree
45
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS
Occupations
Mail clerks/machine operators, ex. postal service
Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, still
machine setters, operators, tenders
Installation, maintenance, repair workers
Self-enrichment education teachers
Medical equipment repairers
Financial managers
Merchandise displayers /window trimmers
Cooks, fast food
Floral designers
Drywall and ceiling tile installers
Architectural and civil drafters
Construction managers
Interior designers
Civil engineering technicians
Cooks, institution and cafeteria
2011
Jobs
19
19
2016
Jobs
13
16
Growth
Growth
%
-6
-32%
-3
-16%
18
17
17
17
17
16
16
15
15
14
14
14
13
15
14
14
15
13
13
12
12
11
13
11
11
10
-3
-3
-3
-2
-4
-3
-4
-3
-4
-1
-3
-3
-3
-17%
-18%
-18%
-12%
-24%
-19%
-25%
-20%
-27%
-7%
-21%
-21%
-23%
% of
Cluster
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
Avg Hrly
Education
Wages
Level
$14.39 OJT
$22.28 OJT
$16.39
$15.97
$23.11
$49.17
$16.16
$9.43
$12.03
$25.62
$26.68
$36.93
$24.55
$29.66
$13.71
OJT
Work exp.
2-yr degree
Deg. + exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Certificate
4-yr degree
2-yr degree
2-yr degree
OJT
AGRICULTURE PROCESSING OCCUPTIONS
Description
2011
Jobs
19,625
14,968
8,776
2016
Jobs
19,970
15,393
8,859
Growth
Packers and packagers, hand
Bakers
Industrial truck and tractor operators
Meat, poultry, fish cutters and trimmers
Managers, all other
Helpers--Production workers
8,360
8,222
7,960
6,562
5,809
5,649
8,052
7,818
8,207
6,611
6,351
5,495
-308
-404
247
49
542
-154
-4%
-5%
3%
1%
9%
-3%
4%
4%
4%
3%
3%
2%
$10.32
$14.50
$16.96
$11.94
$26.86
$11.06
Separating/filtering still machine setter, operator,
tender
Managers-production/operating
Slaughterers and meat packers
Miscellaneous agricultural workers
5,464
6,394
930
17%
2%
$22.28 OJT
5,408
5,375
4,639
5,425
5,569
5,132
17
194
493
0%
4%
11%
2%
2%
2%
$27.87 Experience
$11.54 OJT
$9.94 OJT
Maintenance/repair workers, general
Food machine operators/tenders
Sales reps, wholesale/manufacturing, except
technical/scientific products
Mixing/blending machine setter, operator, tenders
4,427
4,093
3,880
4,526
4,167
4,071
99
74
191
2%
2%
5%
2%
2%
2%
$19.00 OJT
$12.73 OJT
$32.02 OJT
3,590
3,974
384
11%
2%
$15.82 OJT
Truck drivers, heavy & tractor-trailer
3,498
3,703
205
6%
2%
$22.48 OJT
Packaging and filling machine operators & tenders
Food batchmakers
Laborers and freight, stock, material movers, hand
Real-time data to advance community colleges
Growth
%
345
2%
425
3%
83
1%
% of
Cluster
9%
7%
4%
Avg Hrly
Education
Wages
Level
$12.28 OJT
$12.95 OJT
$13.06 OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Experience
OJT
46
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE PROCESSING OCCUPTIONS
Description
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
Growth
Growth
%
% of
Cluster
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
Inspectors, testers, sorters, weighers
Retail salespersons
3,407
3,377
3,358
3,559
-49
182
-1%
5%
2%
1%
$17.80 OJT
$12.68 OJT
Driver/sales workers
Truck drivers, light or delivery services
General and operations managers
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks
3,344
3,136
3,006
2,889
3,529
3,315
2,935
2,836
185
179
-71
-53
6%
6%
-2%
-2%
1%
1%
1%
1%
$15.53
$17.78
$57.79
$14.64
OJT
OJT
Deg. + exp.
OJT
Team assemblers
Production workers, all other
Industrial machinery mechanics
Stock clerks and order fillers
Bookkeeping, account., auditing clerks
2,634
2,482
2,463
2,289
2,176
2,623
2,457
2,607
2,449
2,250
-11
-25
144
160
74
0%
-1%
6%
7%
3%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
$13.38
$15.69
$25.53
$12.22
$18.99
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Janitors/cleaners, except maids
2,027
1,908
-119
-6%
1%
$12.55 OJT
Office clerks, general
Food/tobacco roasting machine operator/tender
2,014
1,846
2,088
1,719
74
-127
4%
-7%
1%
1%
$14.69 OJT
$17.11 OJT
Roustabouts, oil and gas
Cleaners of vehicles & equipment
Cleaning, washing, metal equip operators/tenders
1,845
1,836
1,791
1,967
1,845
1,766
122
9
-25
7%
0%
-1%
1%
1%
1%
$20.86 OJT
$12.25 OJT
$12.30 OJT
Weighers, measurers, checkers, samplers
Cashiers, except gaming
Graders/sorters, ag products
Industrial production managers
Customer service representatives
Derrick operators, oil and gas
1,789
1,776
1,658
1,637
1,451
1,444
1,651
1,723
1,518
1,665
1,604
1,457
-138
-53
-140
28
153
13
-8%
-3%
-8%
2%
11%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
$13.51
$11.42
$9.87
$47.31
$18.05
$21.56
OJT
OJT
Experience
Experience
OJT
OJT
Cutting/slicing machine setters, operators, tenders
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession
Production, planning, expediting clerks
Managers-office & administrative support workers
Textile bleaching/dyeing machine
operator/tender
1,400
1,366
1,317
1,302
1,203
1,468
1,322
1,344
1,354
1,113
68
-44
27
52
-90
5%
-3%
2%
4%
-7%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
$15.22
$9.90
$22.85
$26.03
$9.97
OJT
OJT
OJT
Experience
OJT
Executive secretaries/admin assistants
Sales managers
Rotary drill operators, oil and gas
Machine feeders and offbearers
Food preparation workers
1,178
1,112
1,089
1,010
1,008
1,239
1,219
1,100
906
1,004
61
107
11
-104
-4
5%
10%
1%
-10%
0%
1%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$22.63
$51.18
$27.30
$12.51
$10.35
OJT
Deg. + exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
Demonstrators and product promoters
994
1,057
63
6%
0%
$13.73 OJT
Managers- laborers, material movers
Accountants and auditors
991
969
1,045
1,013
54
44
5%
5%
0%
0%
$22.96 Experience
$29.23 4-yr Degree
Managers-mechanics, installers
957
970
13
1%
0%
$31.91 Experience
Managers of retail sales workers
Managers- transportation/material moving
917
900
888
915
-29
15
-3%
2%
0%
0%
$20.75 Experience
$27.98 Experience
Real-time data to advance community colleges
47
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE PROCESSING OCCUPTIONS
Description
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
Growth
Growth
%
% of
Cluster
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
Merchandise displayers and window trimmers
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting
machine setters, operators, and tenders
Business operation specialists, all other
Agricultural/food science technicians
Combined food preparation and serving workers
Transportation, storage, distribution managers
Chief executives
Electricians
Financial managers
Billing/posting clerks & machine operators
899
843
1,017
883
118
40
13%
5%
0%
0%
$16.16 OJT
$14.01 OJT
792
738
701
665
661
658
641
608
824
740
689
726
675
639
668
623
32
2
-12
61
14
-19
27
15
4%
0%
-2%
9%
2%
-3%
4%
2%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$32.54
$19.71
$9.68
$36.76
$54.81
$27.99
$49.17
$17.60
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
OJT
Experience
Deg. + exp.
OJT
Deg. + exp.
OJT
Maintenance workers, machinery
Coin, vending, amusement machine service/repair
Butchers and meat cutters
Order clerks
Helpers, extraction workers
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive
592
582
581
553
520
519
615
651
586
469
509
521
23
69
5
-84
-11
2
4%
12%
1%
-15%
-2%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$19.13
$13.96
$15.15
$15.40
$22.29
$16.88
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters,
operators, and tenders
Cooling/freezing equipment operators & tenders
Conveyor operators and tenders
Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and
farm products
Managers-construction trades/extraction workers
518
516
-2
0%
0%
$16.02 OJT
506
493
489
517
467
519
11
-26
30
2%
-5%
6%
0%
0%
0%
$17.49 OJT
$16.36 OJT
$28.89 Experience
467
488
21
4%
0%
$33.95 Experience
Sales and related workers, all other
Food scientists and technologists
Payroll and timekeeping clerks
Bus/truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists
Waiters and waitresses
450
430
420
419
419
501
452
381
447
453
51
22
-39
28
34
11%
5%
-9%
7%
8%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$20.49
$29.37
$19.96
$22.89
$10.25
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
Certificate
OJT
Human resources assistants, except payroll
Managers-non-retail sales workers
Receptionists and information clerks
Service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining
Sales representatives, services
Managers- food prep/serving workers
385
378
374
338
297
296
362
407
391
357
339
297
-23
29
17
19
42
1
-6%
8%
5%
6%
14%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$20.53
$32.26
$14.05
$27.69
$27.95
$15.08
OJT
Experience
OJT
OJT
OJT
Experience
Industrial engineers
Computer systems analysts
Dishwashers
Printing machine operators
294
281
271
260
319
307
266
243
25
26
-5
-17
9%
9%
-2%
-7%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$40.69
$37.16
$9.34
$17.28
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
Marketing managers
258
271
13
5%
0%
$60.07 Deg. + exp.
Real-time data to advance community colleges
48
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE PROCESSING OCCUPTIONS
Description
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
Growth
Growth
%
% of
Cluster
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
Farmers and ranchers
Cooks, restaurant
257
250
289
261
32
11
12%
4%
0%
0%
$23.98 OJT
$12.25 OJT
Supervisors, farming, fishing, forestry workers
Security guards
Chemists
Office/administrative support workers
237
217
211
211
239
231
230
216
2
14
19
5
1%
6%
9%
2%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$19.33
$12.72
$38.31
$15.30
Sales rep, wholesale and manufacturing, technical
and scientific products
Market research analysts
HR, training, and labor relations specialists, all
other
Construction laborers
203
216
13
6%
0%
$40.64 OJT
199
188
220
208
21
20
11%
11%
0%
0%
$33.12 4-yr Degree
$31.93 4-yr Degree
181
182
1
1%
0%
$22.39 OJT
Management analysts
Counter and rental clerks
Installation, maintenance, and repair workers
Logisticians
Graphic designers
Meeting and convention planners
181
174
173
172
166
165
197
173
186
194
166
192
16
-1
13
22
0
27
9%
-1%
8%
13%
0%
16%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$33.70
$12.88
$16.39
$35.75
$24.43
$19.55
Deg. + exp.
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
Paper goods machine setters, operators, tenders
Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance
Landscaping and groundskeeping workers
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers
Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products
Purchasing managers
Cooks, fast food
Computer support specialists
Machinists
Petroleum pump system operators, refinery
operators, and gaugers
Human resources managers, all other
Chemical technicians
Network/computer system administrators
Material moving workers, all other
Crane and tower operators
Water and liquid waste treatment plant and
system operators
Administrative services managers
Operating engineers
Fishers and related fishing workers
Computer information systems managers
Chefs and head cooks
161
159
157
155
151
151
146
140
132
129
154
167
170
160
147
151
152
136
130
141
-7
8
13
5
-4
0
6
-4
-2
12
-4%
5%
8%
3%
-3%
0%
4%
-3%
-2%
9%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$15.82
$19.48
$12.66
$20.06
$38.26
$46.30
$9.43
$25.29
$19.04
$32.70
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Experience
Deg. + exp.
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
128
123
121
115
114
114
132
128
124
105
112
117
4
5
3
-10
-2
3
3%
4%
2%
-9%
-2%
3%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$57.45
$21.64
$37.18
$21.21
$27.70
$28.62
Deg. + exp.
2-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
114
109
104
104
103
120
108
96
110
103
6
-1
-8
6
0
5%
-1%
-8%
6%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$41.08
$30.62
$12.78
$60.73
$21.58
Deg. + exp.
OJT
OJT
Deg. + exp.
Experience
Real-time data to advance community colleges
Experience
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
49
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE PROCESSING OCCUPTIONS
Description
Fire fighters
Compensation, benefits, and job analysis
specialists
Stationary engineers/boiler operators
Managers-housekeeping/janitors
Data entry keyers
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration
mechanics and installers
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
Growth
Growth
%
% of
Cluster
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
101
98
114
106
13
8
13%
8%
0%
0%
$32.39 OJT
$29.84 4-yr Degree
97
97
96
96
97
88
97
101
0
-9
1
5
0%
-9%
1%
5%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$28.60
$11.39
$14.78
$26.01
Assemblers and fabricators, all other
Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters,
operators, and tenders
Extraction workers, all other
95
95
102
89
7
-6
7%
-6%
0%
0%
$14.09 OJT
$15.07 OJT
93
96
3
3%
0%
$24.22 OJT
Cutters and trimmers, hand
Property, real estate, and community association
managers
Painting, coating, decorating workers
Engineers, all other
Agricultural engineers
93
91
97
113
4
22
4%
24%
0%
0%
$11.51 OJT
$14.58 4-yr Degree
85
80
79
86
85
80
1
5
1
1%
6%
1%
0%
0%
0%
$17.50 OJT
$45.57 4-yr Degree
$35.12 4-yr Degree
Occupational health safety specialists
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and
tenders
Computer software engineers, applications
Geological and petroleum technicians
Crossing guards
Bartenders
Computer software engineers, systems software
Compliance officers, except agriculture,
construction, health and safety, and transportation
Carpenters
Financial analysts
78
77
79
72
1
-5
1%
-6%
0%
0%
$34.21 4-yr Degree
$10.92 OJT
76
75
75
74
72
72
84
83
82
81
81
81
8
8
7
7
9
9
11%
11%
9%
9%
13%
13%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$46.85
$30.95
$10.29
$10.79
$50.21
$28.09
71
70
77
73
6
3
8%
4%
0%
0%
$28.30 OJT
$37.99 4-yr Degree
Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except
engines
Training and development specialists
Sewing machine operators
Petroleum engineers
Agricultural inspectors
70
75
5
7%
0%
$27.65 Certificate
69
68
68
66
74
59
81
65
5
-9
13
-1
7%
-13%
19%
-2%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$29.82
$11.13
$56.22
$25.68
4-yr Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
Experience
Industrial engineering technicians
Textile, apparel, furnishings workers
Helpers-Installation, maintenance, repair
Agents and business managers of artists,
performers, and athletes
64
64
63
62
66
58
61
70
2
-6
-2
8
3%
-9%
-3%
13%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$22.99
$11.16
$14.20
$26.81
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
Deg. + exp.
Procurement clerks
61
63
2
3%
0%
$18.57 OJT
Real-time data to advance community colleges
OJT
Experience
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
50
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE PROCESSING OCCUPTIONS
Description
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
Growth
Growth
%
% of
Cluster
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
Wholesale/retail buyers, except farm products
Earth drillers, except oil and gas
61
60
67
63
6
3
10%
5%
0%
0%
$26.51 Experience
$27.60 OJT
Public relations specialists
Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial
and industrial equipment
Furnace, kiln, oven, kettle operators and tenders
Pressers, textile, garment, related materials
Audio and video equipment technicians
Geoscientists, except hydrologists and
geographers
60
58
64
61
4
3
7%
5%
0%
0%
$30.23 4-yr Degree
$27.46 Certificate
56
56
52
52
57
47
57
58
1
-9
5
6
2%
-16%
10%
12%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$20.05
$10.51
$19.77
$38.04
Mechanical engineers
Computer programmers
52
51
55
50
3
-1
6%
-2%
0%
0%
$41.67 4-yr Degree
$35.71 4-yr Degree
Personal financial advisors
Information and record clerks, all other
Engineering managers
Refuse/recyclable material collectors
Farm equipment mechanics
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine
setters, operators, and tenders
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters
Molders, shapers, and casters, except
metal/plastic
Chemical equipment operators and tenders
Electrical and electronic engineering technicians
Wellhead pumpers
Extruding/drawing machine setters, operators,
tenders, metal and plastic
Meter readers, utilities
51
49
48
48
46
46
58
44
48
46
39
37
7
-5
0
-2
-7
-9
14%
-10%
0%
-4%
-15%
-20%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$32.20
$18.43
$67.50
$24.02
$18.84
$10.80
45
44
46
42
1
-2
2%
-5%
0%
0%
$27.38 OJT
$15.11 OJT
43
43
43
43
44
41
42
48
1
-2
-1
5
2%
-5%
-2%
12%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$22.69
$28.38
$25.83
$14.51
39
38
-1
-3%
0%
$23.08 OJT
Network systems and data communications
analysts
38
43
5
13%
0%
$32.74 4-yr Degree
File clerks
Writers and authors
Computer operators
Commercial divers
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders
Protective service workers, all other
38
38
37
37
37
36
39
43
33
44
38
42
1
5
-4
7
1
6
3%
13%
-11%
19%
3%
17%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$14.42
$16.26
$19.29
$14.36
$23.06
$17.36
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and
bartender helpers
Riggers
Tour guides and escorts
Telemarketers
36
39
3
8%
0%
$9.56 OJT
35
34
34
36
38
33
1
4
-1
3%
12%
-3%
0%
0%
0%
$26.19 OJT
$13.93 OJT
$13.61 OJT
Maids and housekeeping cleaners
32
31
-1
-3%
0%
$10.28 OJT
Real-time data to advance community colleges
OJT
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
Deg. + exp.
OJT
Certificate
OJT
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
51
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE PROCESSING OCCUPTIONS
Description
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
Growth
Growth
%
% of
Cluster
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
Biological technicians
Pest control workers
32
31
27
28
-5
-3
-16%
-10%
0%
0%
$21.96 4-yr Degree
$13.68 OJT
Cargo and freight agents
Bill and account collectors
Court, municipal, and license clerks
Excavating/loading machine & dragline operators
31
31
30
29
32
41
34
30
1
10
4
1
3%
32%
13%
3%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$20.29
$17.84
$22.07
$28.90
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Compensation and benefits managers
Couriers and messengers
Cooks, short order
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians
Construction managers
29
28
27
26
26
31
29
28
29
28
2
1
1
3
2
7%
4%
4%
12%
8%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$48.61
$10.19
$11.58
$28.55
$36.93
Deg. + exp.
OJT
OJT
Certificate
4-yr Degree
Food servers, nonrestaurant
24
27
3
13%
0%
$11.67 OJT
Ushers, lobby attendants, ticket takers
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers
24
24
27
22
3
-2
13%
-8%
0%
0%
$10.47 OJT
$10.16 OJT
Hosts/hostesses, restaurants
Transportation workers, all other
Adult literacy, remedial education, and GED
teachers and instructors
Cutting, punching, press machine setters, operators,
tenders, metal and plastic
Art directors
Control and valve installers and repairers, except
mechanical door
Legal support workers, all other
24
23
21
27
25
24
3
2
3
13%
9%
14%
0%
0%
0%
$9.74 OJT
$22.37 OJT
$26.11 4-yr Degree
21
21
0
0%
0%
$14.32 OJT
20
19
21
21
1
2
5%
11%
0%
0%
$22.28 Deg. + exp.
$26.13 OJT
19
23
4
21%
0%
$26.60 4-yr Degree
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters,
operators, and tenders
Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers
Cooks, all other
Database administrators
19
18
-1
-5%
0%
$11.27 OJT
19
18
18
18
20
18
-1
2
0
-5%
11%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$24.24 OJT
$13.89 OJT
$38.22 4-yr Degree
Continuous mining machine operators
Plant and system operators, all other
18
18
20
18
2
0
11%
0%
0%
0%
$22.14 OJT
$29.23 OJT
Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists
Computer specialists, all other
Cost estimators
Food service managers
17
17
16
15
19
17
17
15
2
0
1
0
12%
0%
6%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$29.29
$37.38
$32.97
$19.50
Health and safety engineers, except mining safety
engineers and inspectors
Millwrights
Switchboard operators, including answering
service
Door-to-door sales workers, news and street
vendors, and related workers
15
16
1
7%
0%
$39.76 4-yr Degree
15
15
16
14
1
-1
7%
-7%
0%
0%
$27.15 OJT
$13.58 OJT
15
15
0
0%
0%
$8.35 OJT
Real-time data to advance community colleges
4-yr Degree
2-yr Degree
Experience
Experience
52
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE PROCESSING OCCUPTIONS
Description
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
Growth
Growth
%
% of
Cluster
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
Set and exhibit designers
Auto service technicians/mechanics
15
14
16
15
1
1
7%
7%
0%
0%
$22.07 4-yr Degree
$23.79 Certificate
Fabric and apparel patternmakers
Advertising sales agents
Title examiners, abstractors, searchers
Motor vehicle operators, all other
14
13
13
13
13
15
15
14
-1
2
2
1
-7%
15%
15%
8%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$21.79
$28.16
$25.35
$16.73
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Life, physical, social science technicians, all other
Managers , protective service workers
Food preparation/ serving workers
Painters, construction and maintenance
Precision instrument/equip repairers
13
13
13
13
13
13
15
12
13
15
0
2
-1
0
2
0%
15%
-8%
0%
15%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$22.91
$22.55
$9.84
$26.00
$25.73
2-yr Degree
Experience
OJT
OJT
OJT
Mining machine operators
12
14
2
17%
0%
$25.23 OJT
Mechanical drafters
Engineering technicians, except drafters
12
11
11
11
-1
0
-8%
0%
0%
0%
$26.08 Certificate
$30.07 2-yr Degree
Office machine operators, except computer
Advertising and promotions managers
Farm, ranch, other agricultural managers
11
11
11
12
11
<10
1
0
--
9%
0%
--
0%
0%
--
$14.24 OJT
$41.14 Deg. + exp.
-- Deg. + exp.
Desktop publishers
Registered nurses
Occupational health /safety techs
Chemical plant and system operators
Construction and related workers
Mail clerks & machine operators, ex. postal service
11
11
10
10
10
10
12
11
11
11
11
<10
1
0
1
1
1
--
9%
0%
10%
10%
10%
--
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
--
$18.70
$40.59
$23.63
$26.94
$19.03
--
Telecomm. line installers/repairers
Natural sciences managers
Mining and geological engineers, including mining
safety engineers
Telecomm. equipment installers and repairers,
except line installers
Construction and building inspectors
10
10
10
11
10
11
1
0
1
10%
0%
10%
0%
0%
0%
$22.61 OJT
$66.24 Deg. + exp.
$35.25 4-yr Degree
10
11
1
10%
0%
$25.57 OJT
10
10
0
0%
0%
$30.35 Experience
Real-time data to advance community colleges
Certificate
2-yr Degree
Certificate
OJT
OJT
OJT
53
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE DISTRIBUTION OCCUPATIONS
Occupation
Cashiers, except gaming
Stock clerks and order fillers
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
114,912 121,479
57,122 61,204
Change Change % of
%
Industry
6,567
4,082
6%
7%
20%
10%
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
$11.42 OJT
$12.22 OJT
Managers of retail sales workers
Retail salespersons
Packers and packagers, hand
Laborers-freight, stock, materials
43,371
29,948
27,108
17,992
44,505
30,866
27,534
18,393
1,134
918
426
401
3%
3%
2%
2%
7%
5%
5%
3%
$20.75
$12.68
$10.32
$13.06
Food preparation workers
Butchers and meat cutters
Sales, wholesale/manufacturing, except
technical/scientific products
Combined food preparation and serving workers
17,583
15,425
15,342
19,577
16,420
16,852
1,994
995
1,510
11%
6%
10%
3%
3%
3%
$10.35 OJT
$15.15 OJT
$32.02 OJT
11,291
12,437
1,146
10%
2%
Driver/sales workers
Flight attendants
Customer service representatives
Truck drivers, light/delivery services
Truck drivers, heavy/tractor-trailer
General and operations managers
10,692
9,983
9,280
9,070
9,049
8,039
11,920
9,862
10,322
9,550
9,904
8,107
1,228
-121
1,042
480
855
68
11%
-1%
11%
5%
9%
1%
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
1%
$15.53
$27.85
$18.05
$17.78
$22.48
$57.79
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Deg. + exp.
Meat, poultry, fish cutters/trimmers
Reservation/ ticket agents/travel clerks
Managers-office/admin support
Floral designers
Bakers
Bookkeeping, accounting, auditing clerks
8,006
7,109
6,942
6,879
6,358
6,234
8,802
6,970
7,322
6,576
6,751
6,567
796
-139
380
-303
393
333
10%
-2%
5%
-4%
6%
5%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
$11.94
$16.19
$26.03
$12.03
$14.50
$18.99
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
Office clerks, general
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks
Airline pilots, copilots, flight engineers
Industrial truck and tractor operators
Managers of non-retail sales workers
Attendants-cafeteria/coffee shop
5,928
5,864
5,761
5,159
4,554
3,663
6,287
5,952
5,692
5,676
4,862
3,773
359
88
-69
517
308
110
6%
2%
-1%
10%
7%
3%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
$14.69
$14.64
$68.14
$16.96
$32.26
$9.90
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
Sales managers
Managers-food workers
Locomotive engineers and operators
Aircraft mechanics/service techs
Demonstrators/product promoters
3,441
3,248
3,164
2,807
2,554
3,873
3,574
3,211
2,668
2,680
432
326
47
-139
126
13%
10%
1%
-5%
5%
1%
1%
1%
0%
0%
$51.18
$15.08
$27.51
$28.55
$13.73
Deg. + exp.
Work exp.
OJT
Certificate
OJT
Wholesale/retail buyers, except farm products
2,519
2,602
83
3%
0%
$26.51 Work exp.
Janitors/cleaners, except maids
Food batchmakers
2,468
2,387
2,496
2,665
28
278
1%
12%
0%
0%
$12.55 OJT
$12.95 OJT
Cargo and freight agents
2,269
2,401
132
6%
0%
$20.29 OJT
Packaging/filling machine operators
Order clerks
2,105
2,093
2,273
2,141
168
48
8%
2%
0%
0%
$12.28 OJT
$15.40 OJT
Real-time data to advance community colleges
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
$9.68 OJT
54
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE DISTRIBUTION OCCUPATIONS
Occupation
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
Change Change % of
%
Industry
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
Counter and rental clerks
Pharmacists
1,966
1,950
2,028
2,085
62
135
3%
7%
0%
0%
$12.88 OJT
$56.06 PhD/MD
Merchandise displayers/window trimmers
Managers-helpers, labor, material movers
Managers-production/operating
Miscellaneous agricultural workers
1,947
1,946
1,927
1,903
2,133
2,096
2,049
1,950
186
150
122
47
10%
8%
6%
2%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$16.16
$22.96
$27.87
$9.94
Transportation workers, all other
Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators
Managers-transportation/material moving
machine/vehicle operators
Sales and related workers
1,849
1,842
1,839
1,824
1,859
1,867
-25
17
28
-1%
1%
2%
0%
0%
0%
$22.37 OJT
$23.59 OJT
$27.98 Work exp.
1,829
1,961
132
7%
0%
$20.49 OJT
Pharmacy technicians
Exec secretaries/admin assistants
Maintenance/repair workers
Weighers, measurers, samplers, recordkeeping
Railroad conductors and yardmasters
Graders/sorters, ag products
1,824
1,749
1,740
1,707
1,628
1,608
2,048
1,858
1,868
1,655
1,628
1,683
224
109
128
-52
0
75
12%
6%
7%
-3%
0%
5%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$17.68
$22.63
$19.00
$13.51
$27.59
$9.87
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
Cooks, fast food
Business operation specialists
Managers, all other
Pharmacy aides
Accountants and auditors
Transportation, storage, distribution managers
1,569
1,530
1,458
1,360
1,347
1,168
1,641
1,578
1,532
1,309
1,444
1,163
72
48
74
-51
97
-5
5%
3%
5%
-4%
7%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$9.43
$32.54
$26.86
$11.97
$29.23
$36.76
OJT
4-yr Degree
Work exp.
OJT
4-yr Degree
Work exp.
Chief executives
Sales reps, services
Office/admin support workers
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment
Billing/posting clerks/machine operators
Commercial pilots
1,050
960
951
929
862
839
1,076
999
878
980
928
811
26
39
-73
51
66
-28
2%
4%
-8%
5%
8%
-3%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$54.81
$27.95
$15.30
$12.25
$17.60
$35.13
Deg. + exp.
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Certificate
Cooks, short order
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive
Food prep and serving workers
Prod, planning, expediting clerks
Financial managers
822
821
803
800
732
867
833
812
842
774
45
12
9
42
42
5%
1%
1%
5%
6%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$11.58
$16.88
$9.84
$22.85
$49.17
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Deg. + exp.
Baggage porters and bellhops
702
690
-12
-2%
0%
$12.61 OJT
Dispatchers, except police, fire, ambulance
Managers-mechanics, installers, repairers
691
690
674
700
-17
10
-2%
1%
0%
0%
$19.48 OJT
$31.91 Work exp.
Captains, mates, pilots-water vessels
684
765
81
12%
0%
$29.08 Work exp.
Bus/truck mechanics & diesel engine specialists
Rail car repairers
680
597
713
616
33
19
5%
3%
0%
0%
$22.89 Certificate
$25.39 OJT
Real-time data to advance community colleges
OJT
Work exp.
Work exp.
OJT
55
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE DISTRIBUTION OCCUPATIONS
Occupation
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
Change Change % of
%
Industry
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
Cooks, all other
Receptionists and information clerks
567
564
621
610
54
46
10%
8%
0%
0%
$13.89 OJT
$14.05 OJT
Payroll and timekeeping clerks
Purchasing agents/buyers, farm products
Sales, wholesale/manufacturing, technical/scientific
products
Sailors and marine oilers
Dishwashers
Slaughterers and meat packers
Security guards
Procurement clerks
557
548
546
539
566
599
-18
18
53
-3%
3%
10%
0%
0%
0%
$19.96 OJT
$38.26 Work exp.
$40.64 OJT
542
529
519
510
490
591
554
541
543
522
49
25
22
33
32
9%
5%
4%
6%
7%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$17.49
$9.34
$11.54
$12.72
$18.57
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Computer operators
Bill and account collectors
Vending, amusement machine service and repair
Food service managers
Food machine operators/tenders
Data entry keyers
488
429
421
420
412
395
434
512
459
444
435
380
-54
83
38
24
23
-15
-11%
19%
9%
6%
6%
-4%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$19.29
$17.84
$13.96
$19.50
$12.73
$14.78
OJT
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
Transportation inspectors
Team assemblers
Administrative services managers
Purchasing agents, ex. wholesale, retail, farm
products
Training and development specialists
Information and record clerks
Management analysts
Inspectors, testers, sorters, weighers
HR, training, & labor specialists
Marketing managers
375
374
373
368
380
406
397
400
5
32
24
32
1%
9%
6%
9%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$30.21
$13.38
$41.08
$28.89
Work exp.
OJT
Deg. + exp.
Work exp.
365
362
356
344
344
331
393
327
366
367
374
351
28
-35
10
23
30
20
8%
-10%
3%
7%
9%
6%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$29.82
$18.43
$33.70
$17.80
$31.93
$60.07
4-yr Degree
OJT
Deg. + exp.
OJT
4-yr Degree
Deg. + exp.
Signal and track switch repairers
Transportation attendants, except flight attendants
Computer support specialists
Purchasing managers
Market research analysts
HR assistants, except payroll & timekeeping
327
327
325
324
318
308
315
331
329
345
356
301
-12
4
4
21
38
-7
-4%
1%
1%
6%
12%
-2%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$26.06
$14.27
$25.29
$46.30
$33.12
$20.53
OJT
OJT
2-yr Degree
Deg. + exp.
4-yr Degree
OJT
Service station attendants
Material moving workers
Welders, cutters, solderers, brazers
Food/tobacco roasting, baking, drying machine
operators/tenders
305
292
282
267
342
282
273
292
37
-10
-9
25
12%
-3%
-3%
9%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$11.86
$21.21
$20.06
$17.11
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Production workers, all other
263
273
10
4%
0%
$15.69 OJT
Real-time data to advance community colleges
56
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE DISTRIBUTION OCCUPATIONS
Occupation
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
Change Change % of
%
Industry
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
Installation, maintenance, and repair workers
Conveyor operators and tenders
263
258
269
257
6
-1
2%
0%
0%
0%
$16.39 OJT
$16.36 OJT
File clerks
Ship engineers
Helpers--Production workers
Computer info systems managers
258
258
254
250
225
270
262
261
-33
12
8
11
-13%
5%
3%
4%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$14.42
$34.47
$11.06
$60.73
Aircraft cargo handling supervisors
Machinists
Electrical/electronic installers and repairers,
transportation equipment
Network/computer system administrators
234
222
221
212
215
213
-22
-7
-8
-9%
-3%
-4%
0%
0%
0%
$20.79 Work exp.
$19.04 OJT
$26.43 Certificate
214
222
8
4%
0%
$37.18 4-yr Degree
Painting, coating, decorating workers
Rail-track laying/maintenance equip operators
Waiters and waitresses
Motor vehicle operators, all other
Door-to-door sales
Public relations specialists
209
208
207
199
196
196
232
212
214
211
207
220
23
4
7
12
11
24
11%
2%
3%
6%
6%
12%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$17.50
$21.94
$10.25
$16.73
$8.35
$30.23
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
Health diagnosing/treating pract.
Credit analysts
Computer software engineers, applications
Computer programmers
Aerospace engineers
Logisticians
187
184
175
174
172
169
199
207
183
165
163
182
12
23
8
-9
-9
13
6%
13%
5%
-5%
-5%
8%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$29.49
$33.93
$46.85
$35.71
$50.94
$35.75
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
Computer specialists
Telemarketers
Couriers and messengers
Graphic designers
Advertising/promotions managers
Protective service workers, all other
165
162
157
155
151
149
172
158
157
170
159
166
7
-4
0
15
8
17
4%
-2%
0%
10%
5%
11%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$37.38
$13.61
$10.19
$24.43
$41.14
$17.36
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
Deg. + exp.
OJT
Electricians
Managers-construction trades
Supervisors-farming, fishing, forestry
Mixing/blending machine setters, operators,
tenders
148
146
142
133
141
141
152
152
-7
-5
10
19
-5%
-3%
7%
14%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$27.99
$33.95
$19.33
$15.82
OJT
Work exp.
Work exp.
OJT
Farmers and ranchers
Travel agents
Financial analysts
Chefs and head cooks
Compensation, benefit, job specialists
131
127
124
121
114
131
127
130
129
124
0
0
6
8
10
0%
0%
5%
7%
9%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$23.98
$17.80
$37.99
$21.58
$29.84
OJT
Certificate
4-yr Degree
Work exp.
4-yr Degree
Avionics technicians
109
104
-5
-5%
0%
$26.50 Certificate
Real-time data to advance community colleges
OJT
Certificate
OJT
Deg. + exp.
57
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE DISTRIBUTION OCCUPATIONS
Occupation
Rail transportation workers, all other
Cooks, restaurant
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
Change Change % of
%
Industry
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
105
104
102
106
-3
2
-3%
2%
0%
0%
$20.55 OJT
$12.25 OJT
Airfield operations specialists
Cutting/slicing machine setters, operators
Engineers, all other
Machine feeders and offbearers
98
97
96
95
95
105
93
93
-3
8
-3
-2
-3%
8%
-3%
-2%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$28.61
$15.22
$45.57
$12.51
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
Computer systems analysts
Construction and related workers
Human resources managers, all other
Photographic machine operators
Network/data comm. analyst
94
93
88
86
85
96
90
93
75
100
2
-3
5
-11
15
2%
-3%
6%
-13%
18%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$37.16
$19.03
$57.45
$15.51
$32.74
4-yr Degree
OJT
Deg. + exp.
OJT
4-yr Degree
Separating, filtering, clarifying, still machine
setters, operators, tenders
Employment placement specialists
Managers-personal service workers
Fishers and related fishing workers
Cooks, institution and cafeteria
83
100
17
20%
0%
$22.28 OJT
82
78
77
75
88
77
80
79
6
-1
3
4
7%
-1%
4%
5%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$29.29
$18.84
$12.78
$13.71
Compliance officers, except ag, construction,
health, transportation
Shoe/leather workers and repairers
Mobile heavy equip. mechanics, except engines
Switchboard operators, including answering service
Child care workers
Credit authorizers, checkers, clerks
Industrial production managers
Industrial engineers
Heating, AC, refrigeration mechanics
Civil engineers
73
81
8
11%
0%
$28.09 OJT
72
72
71
70
69
65
62
60
59
72
73
68
73
72
69
69
63
56
0
1
-3
3
3
4
7
3
-3
0%
1%
-4%
4%
4%
6%
11%
5%
-5%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$15.55
$27.65
$13.58
$9.74
$18.96
$47.31
$40.69
$26.01
$42.33
OJT
Certificate
OJT
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
4-yr Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
Air traffic controllers
Industrial machinery mechanics
Database administrators
Sheet metal workers
Computer software engineers, systems software
Dining, cafeteria, bartender helpers
57
54
53
53
53
52
59
62
55
51
55
56
2
8
2
-2
2
4
4%
15%
4%
-4%
4%
8%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$55.45
$25.53
$38.22
$26.34
$50.21
$9.56
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
OJT
Aerospace engineering techs
Travel guides
Helpers-Installation, maint., repair
Bartenders
Compensation/benefits managers
52
52
51
51
46
51
55
54
52
47
-1
3
3
1
1
-2%
6%
6%
2%
2%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$28.73
$16.96
$14.20
$10.79
$48.61
2-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
Financial specialists
45
45
0
0%
0%
$32.17 4-yr Degree
Real-time data to advance community colleges
4-yr Degree
Work exp.
OJT
OJT
58
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE DISTRIBUTION OCCUPATIONS
Occupation
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
Change Change % of
%
Industry
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
Carpenters
Lawyers
45
43
42
43
-3
0
-7%
0%
0%
0%
$28.30 OJT
$57.97 Doc. Degree
Food scientists and technologists
Budget analysts
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs
Dietitians and nutritionists
42
41
41
39
46
41
42
41
4
0
1
2
10%
0%
2%
5%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$29.37
$36.22
$13.46
$29.11
4-yr Degree
4-yr Degree
OJT
4-yr Degree
Managers-housekeeping workers
Construction managers
Personal care and service workers
Transit and railroad police
Cost estimators
38
37
37
36
33
37
38
39
35
37
-1
1
2
-1
4
-3%
3%
5%
-3%
12%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$11.39
$36.93
$18.97
$23.80
$32.97
Work exp.
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
Training and development managers
33
33
0
0%
0%
$47.72 Deg. + exp.
Claims adjusters and investigators
Construction laborers
32
31
30
30
-2
-1
-6%
-3%
0%
0%
$29.05 OJT
$22.39 OJT
Private detectives and investigators
Writers and authors
Music directors and composers
29
29
29
30
28
33
1
-1
4
3%
-3%
14%
0%
0%
0%
$23.20 Work exp.
$16.26 4-yr Degree
$13.82 Deg. + exp.
Motorboat operators
Crushing, grinding, polishing machine setters,
operators, and tenders
Technical writers
Automotive service techs/mechanics
Operating engineers and other construction
equipment operators
Occupational health/safety specialist
Farm, ranch, and other ag managers
Crane and tower operators
Landscaping/grounds workers
28
28
28
29
0
1
0%
4%
0%
0%
$21.25 OJT
$16.02 OJT
26
26
25
27
28
24
1
2
-1
4%
8%
-4%
0%
0%
0%
$36.49 4-yr Degree
$23.79 Certificate
$30.62 OJT
25
24
24
24
26
25
25
21
1
1
1
-3
4%
4%
4%
-13%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$34.21
$33.04
$27.70
$12.66
4-yr Degree
Deg. + exp.
OJT
OJT
Engineering managers
Interpreters and translators
Photographers
Agricultural inspectors
Marine engineers
Tellers
23
23
23
23
23
23
22
24
24
25
23
22
-1
1
1
2
0
-1
-4%
4%
4%
9%
0%
-4%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$67.50
$24.58
$24.01
$25.68
$30.34
$13.10
Deg. + exp.
OJT
OJT
Work exp.
4-yr Degree
OJT
Teachers and instructors, all other
Photographic process workers
Bus drivers, transit and intercity
Maintenance workers, machinery
Designers, all other
22
22
22
22
21
21
23
21
25
19
-1
1
-1
3
-2
-5%
5%
-5%
14%
-10%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$24.01
$20.09
$18.73
$19.13
$21.90
4-yr Degree
OJT
OJT
OJT
4-yr Degree
Tour guides and escorts
19
21
2
11%
0%
$13.93 OJT
Real-time data to advance community colleges
59
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
AGRICULTURE DISTRIBUTION OCCUPATIONS
Occupation
2011
Jobs
2016
Jobs
Change Change % of
%
Industry
Avg Hrly
Wages
Education
Level
Pesticide handlers, sprayers
Mail clerks/machine operators
19
19
19
18
0
-1
0%
-5%
0%
0%
$14.80 OJT
$14.39 OJT
Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers
Advertising sales agents
Agricultural/ food science technicians
Cleaning, washing, metal equip operators
19
18
18
17
18
20
20
20
-1
2
2
3
-5%
11%
11%
18%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$24.24
$28.16
$19.71
$12.30
OJT
OJT
2-yr Degree
OJT
Paralegals and legal assistants
Self-enrichment education teachers
Public relations managers
Cooling/freezing equip operators
Musicians and singers
16
16
16
15
15
16
15
16
16
17
0
-1
0
1
2
0%
-6%
0%
7%
13%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$29.08
$15.97
$47.72
$17.49
$14.51
2-yr Degree
Work exp.
Deg. + exp.
OJT
OJT
Word processors and typists
14
13
-1
-7%
0%
$17.70 OJT
Prepress technicians and workers
Hairdressers/stylists, cosmetologists
14
14
15
15
1
1
7%
7%
0%
0%
$20.57 Certificate
$17.74 Certificate
Printing machine operators
Mechanical engineers
Highway maintenance workers
13
13
13
14
13
11
1
0
-2
8%
0%
-15%
0%
0%
0%
$17.28 OJT
$41.67 4-yr Degree
$26.38 OJT
Job printers
Entertainers/ performers, sports
Cutters and trimmers, hand
Parts salespersons
Assemblers and fabricators, all other
Electrical repairers, commercial equip
12
12
11
11
11
11
13
14
12
12
12
12
1
2
1
1
1
1
8%
17%
9%
9%
9%
9%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
$17.72
$15.62
$11.51
$17.26
$14.09
$27.46
Food servers, nonrestaurant
11
11
0
0%
0%
$11.67 OJT
Real-time data to advance community colleges
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
OJT
Certificate
60
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Appendix C: Occupational Profiles10
Occupation: Farm, Ranch, and Other Agricultural Managers
Farm, Ranch, and Other Agricultural Mangers manage farms, ranches, aquacultural operations,
greenhouses, nurseries, timber tracts, cotton gins, packing houses, or other agricultural establishments; they
carry out decisions relating to the managed operations following owner guidelines; and may supervise
farming operations, prepare operational records, perform physical work and operate machinery, and/or
contract out the day-to day activities of managed operations.
The following describes in detail some of the tasks that may be required of specific types of Farm, Ranch,
and Other Agricultural Managers.
Nursery and Greenhouse Managers

Manage nurseries that grow horticultural plants for sale to trade, display or exhibit, or research.

Identify plants as well as problems such as diseases, weeds, and insect pests.

Tour work areas to observe work, inspect crops and to evaluate plant and soil conditions.

Assign and supervise nursery or greenhouse staff work.

Determine growing conditions or natural settings, and set planting and care schedules.

Apply pesticides and fertilizers.

Hire employees and train them in gardening techniques.

Select/purchase seeds, plant nutrients, disease control chemicals, and garden and lawn equipment.

Determine types/quantities of plants to grow, based on budgets, sales volumes, or directives.

Explain and enforce safety regulations and policies.
Crop and Livestock Managers
 Record information such as production figures, farm management practices, prepare financial and
operational reports.
 Confer with buyers to arrange for the sale of crops.
 Contract with farmers or independent owners for crop raising or management of crop production.
 Evaluate financial statements and make budget proposals.
 Analyze soil to determine types and quantities of fertilizer required for maximum production.
 Purchase machinery, equipment, and supplies such as tractors, seed, fertilizer, and chemicals.
 Analyze market conditions to determine acreage allocations.
 Direct/coordinate worker activities such as planting, irrigation, and grading.
 Inspect orchards and fields to determine maturity dates of crops, or estimate potential crop
damage from weather.
 Hire, discharge, transfer, and promote workers.
Aquacultural Managers
 Grow fish and shellfish as cash crops or for release into freshwater or saltwater.
 Supervise and train aquaculture and fish hatchery support workers.
 Collect and record growth, production, and environmental data.
 Conduct and supervise stock examinations in order to identify diseases or parasites.
 Account for and disburse funds.
 Devise and participate in activities to improve fish hatching, growth rates, and disease prevention.
 Monitor environments to ensure maintenance of optimum conditions for aquatic life.
 Direct and monitor trapping and spawning of fish, egg incubation.
 Coordinate the selection and maintenance of brood stock.
 Direct and monitor the transfer of mature fish to lakes, ponds, streams, or commercial tanks.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Farm, Ranch, and Other Agricultural Mangers are
primarily found in the agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting Industry (99% are employed in this sector).
10
Source: O*Net Resource Center, http://www.onetcenter.org/. Wage data provided by EMSI Complete Data
Real-time data to advance community colleges
61
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
In 2011 these occupations had a national average wage of $21.32 hourly. The average wage in 2011
for California was $33.04 hourly. In 2011 there were 323,234 Farm, Ranch, and Other Agricultural
Managers nationally. The national projected growth of these occupations over the next five years is -3%,
which is a loss of 8,903 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Farm, Ranch, and Other
Agricultural Managers is a Bachelor’s degree in the STEM educational disciplines.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
*Administration & Management
Production/ Processing, Food
Production
Personnel & Human Resources
Skills
Management & Personnel Resources
*Oral Competency
Abilities
*Effective Communication
*Problem Sensitivity
Coordination
*Inductive/Deductive
*Biology,
Monitoring/Assessing Performance
Critical Thinking/Complex Problem
Solving
Instructing
Judgment & Decision Making
Time Management
Reading & Writing Competency
Social Perceptiveness
Chemistry, & Mathematics
Sales & Marketing
Customer& Personal Service
Economics & Accounting
Transportation
Engineering & Technology
Knowledge of Machines & Tools
English Language
Geography
Law & Government
Reasoning
Information Ordering
*Near Vision
Generate or Use Different
Sets of Rules for Combining
or Grouping Things in
Different Ways
*Exists across all three occupations under this SOC code
Other Job Titles Associated with Farm, Ranch, and Agricultural Managers:

Industrial Production Managers

Purchasing Agents and Buyers, Farm Products

Range Managers

Farm and Home Management Advisors

First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Agricultural Crop and Horticultural Workers

First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Animal Husbandry and Animal Care Workers
Real-time data to advance community colleges
62
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Farmers and Ranchers
Farmers and Ranchers own or rent and operate farms, ranches greenhouses, nurseries, timber tracts, or
other agricultural production establishments which produce crops, horticultural specialties, livestock, poultry,
finfish, shellfish, or animal specialties; may plant, cultivate, harvest activities, and market crops and
livestock; may hire, train, and supervise farm workers or supervise a farm labor contractor; may prepare
cost, production, and other records; and may maintain and operate machinery and perform physical work.
The following list describes in detail some of the specific tasks that may be required of Farmers and
Ranchers.
 Perform crop production tasks such as tilling, planting, and harvesting.
 Plan crop activities based on factors such as crop maturity and weather conditions.
 Monitor crops to ensure proper growth and freedom from diseases and contaminants.
 Maintain facilities such as fencing, water supplies and outdoor housing.
 Determine types and quantities of crops or livestock to be raised.
 Select and purchase supplies and equipment.
 Maintain financial, tax, production, and employee records.
 Lubricate, adjust, and make minor repairs to farm equipment.
 Set up and operate farm machinery to cultivate, harvest, and haul crops.
 Evaluate product marketing alternatives, then promote and market farm products.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Farmers and Ranchers are Self-Employed (100%), and in
2011 this occupation had a national average wage of $11.91 hourly. The average wage in 2011 for
California was $23.98. In 2011 there were 1,733,411 Farmers and Ranchers nationally. The national
projected growth of these occupations over the next five years is -5%, which is a loss of 86,679 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Farmers and Ranchers is on
the job training.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Production/Processing, & Food
Production
Knowledge of Machines & Tools
Administration & Management
Economics & Accounting
Biology
Law & Government
Skills
Controlling Equipment or
Systems Operations
Machine Operation Monitoring
Judgment and Decision Making
Critical Thinking/Complex
Problem Solving
Equipment Maintenance and
Repair
Monitoring/Assessing
Performance
Quality Control Analysis
Troubleshooting
Abilities
Quickly & Repeatedly Adjust
Machine or Vehicle Controls
Problem Sensitivity
Manual Dexterity
Depth Perception
Visual Color Discrimination
Generate/Use Different Sets of
Rules for Combining/Grouping
Things.
Identify or Detect a Known
Pattern
Static Strength
Arm-hand Steadiness
Other Job Titles Associated with Farmers and Ranchers:








Dairy Farmer
Farm Manager
Farm Operator
Cash Crop
Dairy Farm Operator
Grain Farmer
Beef Farm Operator
Cattleman
Real-time data to advance community colleges
63
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Management Analysts
Conduct organizational studies and evaluations, design systems and procedures, conduct work
simplifications and measurement studies, and prepare operations and procedures manuals to assist
management in operating more efficiently and effectively.
The following describes in detail some of the tasks that may be required of Management Analysts.










Gather and organize information on problems or procedures.
Analyze data gathered and develop solutions or alternative methods of proceeding.
Confer with personnel to ensure successful functioning of systems or procedures.
Develop and implement records management program for filing, protection, and retrieval of
records, and assure compliance with program.
Review forms/reports and confer with management and users about format, distribution, and
purpose, and to identify problems and improvements.
Interview personnel and conduct on-site observation to ascertain unit functions, work performed,
and methods, equipment, and personnel used.
Document findings of study and prepare recommendations for implementation of new systems,
procedures, or organizational changes.
Prepare manuals and train workers in use of new forms, reports, procedures or equipment.
Design, evaluate, recommend, and approve changes of forms and reports.
Plan study of work problems and procedures, such as organizational change, communications,
integrated production methods, or cost analysis.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Management Analysts are primarily found in the
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services Industry (29% are employed in this sector), or are SelfEmployed (26%). In 2011 this occupation had a national average wage of $32.22 hourly and 67,000
annually. The average wage in 2011 for California was $33.70 hourly and $70,000 annually. In 2011
there were 1,178,646 nationally. The national projected growth for this occupation over the next five
years is 15%, which is a gain of 177,105 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Management Analyst is a
Bachelor’s Degree and work experience.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Customer & Personal Service
Administration & Management
English Language
Personnel & Human Resources
Computers and Electronics
Clerical
Sales & Marketing
Education & Training
Skills
Oral Competency
Critical Thinking/Complex
Problem Solving
Judgment & Decision Making
Monitoring/Assessing
Performance
Social Perceptiveness
Reading & Writing Competency
Systems Analysis
Abilities
Effective Communication
Inductive/Deductive Reasoning
Problem Sensitivity
Information Ordering
Other Job Titles Associated with Management Analysts:

Program Analysts

Management consultants

Business Analyst

Administrative Analyst

Employment Programs Analyst

Program Management Analyst

Quality Control Analyst
Real-time data to advance community colleges
64
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers
Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers landscape or maintain grounds of property using hand or
power tools or equipment. Workers typically perform a variety of tasks, which may include any
combination of the following: sod laying, mowing, trimming, planting, watering, fertilizing, digging, raking,
sprinkler installation, and installation of mortarless segmental concrete masonry wall units.
The following describes in detail some of the tasks that may be required of Landscaping and
Groundskeeping Workers.










Operate vehicles and powered equipment, such as mowers, tractors, and pruning saws.
Mow and edge lawns.
Shovel snow from and spread salt on asphalt and concrete traffic surfaces.
Care for established lawns.
Use hand tools such as shovels, rakes, and pruning saws.
Prune and trim trees, shrubs, and hedges.
Gather and remove litter.
Maintain and repair tools, equipment, and structures, such as buildings, greenhouses, and fences.
Mix and spray or spread fertilizers, herbicides, or insecticides onto grass and plants.
Provide upkeep of sidewalks, driveways, parking lots, planters, and other grounds features.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers are found in
two sectors; administrative and support services (40% are employed in this sector), and are self-employed
(22%). In 2011these occupations had a national average wage of $11.39 hourly. The average wage in
2011 for California was $12.66 hourly. In 2011 there were 1,132,808 Landscaping and
Groundskeeping Workers nationally. The national growth in these occupations over the next five years is
11%, which is a gain of 12,659 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Landscape and
Groundskeeping Workers is on the job training.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Machines & Tools Including Their
Designs, Uses, Maintenance & Repair
Skills
Operations Control of Equipment &
Systems
Critical Thinking
Oral Competency
Abilities
Arm-Hand Steadiness
Multi-limb Coordination
Quickly & Repeatedly Adjust
Machine or Vehicle Controls
Manual Dexterity
Near Vision
Effective Oral Communication
Static Strength
Extent Flexibility
Other Job Titles Associated with Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers:

Groundsman

Outside Maintenance Worker

Gardener

Greenskeeper

Grounds Worker/Supervisor

Grounds Maintenance Specialist

Utility Worker

Grounds Maintenance Worker
Real-time data to advance community colleges
65
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific
Products
Wholesale and Manufacturing Sales Representatives sell goods for wholesalers or manufacturers to
businesses or groups of individuals, and this type of work requires substantial knowledge of items sold.
The following describes in detail some of the tasks that may be required of Wholesale and Manufacturing
Sales Representatives.

Answer customers' questions about products, prices, availability, product uses, and credit terms.

Recommend products to customers, based on customers' needs and interests.

Contact customers to demonstrate products, explain product features, and solicit orders.

Estimate or quote prices, credit or contract terms, warranties, and delivery dates.

Consult with clients to resolve problems and to provide ongoing support.

Prepare drawings, estimates, and bids that meet specific customer needs.

Provide customers with product samples and catalogs.

Identify prospective customers using various resources, and attending trade shows and
conferences.

Arrange and direct delivery and installation of products and equipment.

Monitor market conditions, product innovations, and competitors' products, prices, and sales.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Wholesale and Manufacturing Sales Representatives are
primarily found in tow sectors; Wholesale Trade (62% are employed in this sector), and Manufacturing
(15% are employed in this sector). In 2011 this occupation had a national average wage of $29.82
hourly, and 62,000 annually. The average wage in 2011 for California was $32.02 hourly, and 66,600
annually. In 2011 there were 1,486,712 Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except
Technical and Scientific Products. The national projected growth of this occupation over the next five years
is 4%, which is a gain of 53,100 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Wholesale and Manufacturing
Sales Representatives is on the job training.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Sales & Marketing
Customer & Personal Service
Mathematics
Administration & Management
English Language
Economics & Accounting
Production and Processing
Skills
Oral Competency
Persuasion & Negotiation
Social Perceptiveness
Critical Thinking
Reading Comprehension
Service Orientation
Coordination
Judgment & Decision Making
Abilities
Effective Communication
Near Vision
Inductive Reasoning
Problem Sensitivity
Generate or Use Different
Sets of Rules for
Combining/Grouping Things.
Other Job Titles Associated with Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except
Technical and Scientific Products:

Account Manager/Executive/Representative

Salesman

Outside Sales Representative

Sales Consultant

Customer Account Technician

Inside Sales Person

Marketing Associate
Real-time data to advance community colleges
66
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks
Compute, classify, and record numerical data to keep financial records complete. Perform any
combination of routine calculating, posting, and verifying duties to obtain primary financial data for use
in maintaining accounting records; may also check the accuracy of figures, calculations, and postings
pertaining to business transactions recorded by other workers.
The following describes in detail some of the tasks that may be required of Bookkeeping, Accounting,
and Auditing Clerks.

Operate computers programmed with accounting software to record, store, and analyze
information.

Check figures, postings, and documents for entry, mathematical, and code accuracy.

Classify, record, and summarize numerical and financial data to compile and keep financial
records, using journals and ledgers or computers.

Keep accounting records using standard computer or specialized accounting software.

Operate a variety of office machines to perform calculations and produce documents.

Receive, record, and bank cash, checks, and vouchers.

Comply with federal, state, and company policies, procedures, and regulations.

Compile and produce statistical, financial, accounting or auditing reports and tables.

Code documents according to company procedures.

Reconcile or note and report discrepancies found in records.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks are
primarily found in two sectors; Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services (11% are employed in this
sector), and Retail Trade (10% are employed in this sector). In 2011 the national average wage for
Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks was $16.81 hourly, and $34,960 annually. The average
wage in 2011 for California was $18.99 hourly, and 39,500 annually. In 2011there were 2,200,810
Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks nationally. The national projected growth of these
occupations over the next five years is 6%, which is a gain of 260,621 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Bookkeeping, Accounting, and
Auditing Clerks is on the job training.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Clerical
English Language
Economics & Accounting
Customer & Personal Service
Computers & Electronics
Skills
Oral Competency
Reading Comprehension
Critical Thinking
Mathematics
Monitoring
Time Management
Reading & Writing Competency
Social Perceptiveness
Abilities
Effective Communication
Mathematical Reasoning
Near Vision
Problem Sensitivity
Information Ordering
Other Job Titles Associated with Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks:

Accounting Assistant/Associate

Accounts Payable(s)/Receivable Clerk/Specialist
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Customer Service Representatives
Customer Service Representatives interact with customers to provide information in response to inquiries
about products and services and to handle and resolve complaints.
The following describes in detail some of the tasks that may be required of Customer Service
Representatives.
 Confer with customers to provide information about products and services, to take or enter orders,
cancel accounts, or to obtain details of complaints.
 Keep records of customer interactions and transactions, recording details of inquiries, complaints,
and comments, as well as actions taken.
 Check to ensure that appropriate changes were made to resolve customers' problems.
 Determine charges for services requested, collect deposits or payments, or arrange for billing.
 Refer unresolved customer grievances to designated departments for further investigation.
 Review insurance policy terms to determine whether a particular loss is covered by insurance.
 Contact customers to respond to inquiries or to notify them of claim investigation results and any
planned adjustments.
 Resolve customers' complaints by performing activities such as refunding money, and adjusting bills.
 Compare disputed merchandise with original requisitions and information from invoices, and
prepare invoices for returned goods.
 Obtain and examine all information to assess validity of complaints and to determine possible
causes.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Customer Service Representatives are found primarily in
two sectors; finance and insurance (23% are employed in this sector), and administrative and support
services (15% are employed in this sector). In 2011 the national average wage for Customer Service
Representatives was $15.60 hourly and $32,500 annually. The average wage in 2011 for California was
$18.05 hourly and $37,540 annually. In 2011there were 2,249,115 Customer Service Representatives
nationally. The national projected growth of these occupations over the next five years is 9%, which is a
gain of 195,127 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Customer Service
Representatives is on the job training.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Customer & Personal Service
Clerical
English Language
Skills
Oral Competency
Persuasion & Negotiation
Critical Thinking
Coordination
Reading & Writing Competency
Social Perceptiveness
Abilities
Effective Communication
Near Vision
Problem Sensitivity
Inductive & Deductive
Reasoning
Other Job Titles Associated with Customer Service Representatives:

Account Manager/Representative

Client Services Representative

Customer Service Specialist/Agent

Member Services Representative

Hub Associate

Account Service Representative

Call Center Representative
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Office Clerks, General
Perform duties too varied and diverse to be classified in any specific office clerical occupation, requiring
limited knowledge of office management systems and procedures. Clerical duties may be assigned in
accordance with the office procedures of individual establishments and may include a combination of
answering telephones, bookkeeping, typing or word processing, stenography, office machine operation,
and filing.
The following describes in detail some of the tasks that may be required of Office Clerks, General.

Operate office machines, such as photocopiers and personal computers.

Answer telephones, direct calls, and take messages.

Maintain filing, inventory, mailing, and database systems.

Answer questions, disseminate or explain information, take orders, and address complaints.

Open, sort, and route incoming mail, answer correspondence, and prepare outgoing mail.

Compile, copy, sort, and file records of office activities, business transactions, and other activities.

Compute, record, and proofread data and other information, such as records or reports.

Type, format, proofread, and edit correspondence and other documents, from notes or dictating
machines.

Complete work schedules, manage calendars, and arrange appointments.

Review files, records, and other documents to obtain information to respond to requests.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Office Clerks, General are found primarily in two sectors;
educational services (13% are employed in this sector), and health care and social assistance (12% are
employed in this sector). In 2011 the national average wage for Office Clerks, General was $13.29
hourly. The average wage in 2011 for California was $14.69 hourly. In 2011there were 2,938,379
Office Clerks, General nationally. The national projected growth of these occupations over the next five
years is 5%, which is a gain of 161,014 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Office Clerks, General is on
the job training.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Clerical
Customer & Personal Service
English Language
Skills
Oral Competency
Reading & Writing Competency
Social Perceptiveness
Time Management
Service Orientation
Critical Thinking
Abilities
Effective Communication
Near Vision
Generate or Use Different Sets
of Rules for
Combining/Grouping Things.
Deductive Reasoning
Information Ordering
Other Job Titles Associated with Office Clerks, General:
 Administration/Administrative Assistant/Secretary
 Clerk
 Office Manager/Assistant/Clerk/Coordinator
 Receptionist
 Customer Service Representative
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Food Batchmakers
Set up and operate equipment that mixes or blends ingredients used in the manufacturing of food
products, which includes candy makers and cheese makers. The following describes in detail some of the
tasks that may be required of Food Batchmakers.

Record production and test data for each food product batch, such as the ingredients used,
temperature, test results, and time cycle.

Observe gauges and thermometers to determine if the mixing chamber temperature is within
specified limits, and turn valves to control the temperature.

Clean and sterilize vats and factory processing areas.

Press switches and turn knobs to start, adjust, and regulate equipment such as beaters, extruders,
discharge pipes, and salt pumps.

Observe and listen to equipment to detect possible malfunctions, such as leaks or plugging, and
report malfunctions or undesirable tastes to supervisors.

Set up, operate, and tend equipment that cooks, mixes, blends, or processes ingredients in the
manufacturing of food products, according to formulas or recipes.

Mix or blend ingredients, according to recipes, using a paddle or an agitator, or by controlling
vats that heat and mix ingredients.

Follow recipes to produce food products of specified flavor, texture, clarity, bouquet, or color.

Select and measure or weigh ingredients, using English or metric measures and balance scales.

Turn valve controls to start equipment and to adjust operation to maintain product quality.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Food Batchmakers are found in the manufacturing industry
(81% are employed in this sector). In 2011 the national average wage for Food Batchmakers was
$13.02 hourly. The average wage in 2011 for California was $12.95 hourly. In 2011there were
102,926 Food Batchmakers nationally. The national projected growth of these occupations over the next
five years is 5%, which is a gain of 4,835 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Food Batchmakers is on-thejob training.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Mathematics
Production & Processing, Food
Processing
Skills
Equipment/Systems Operations Control
Monitoring & Operation Monitoring
Reading Comprehension
Abilities
Information Ordering
Near Vision
Quickly & Repeatedly Adjust Machine
or Vehicle Controls
Manual Dexterity
Trunk Strength
Generate/Use Different Sets of Rules
for Combining/Grouping Things.
Oral Expression
Arm-Hand Steadiness
Auditory Attention
Problem Sensitivity
Other Job Titles Associated with Food Batchmakers:

Blender/Mixer

Process Operator

Dough Scaler and Mixer

Processing Operator

Dosier Operator

Mix Technician

Batch/Candy Maker

Head Batcher
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders
The following describes in detail some of the tasks that may be required of Packaging and Filling Machine
Operators and Tenders.

Sort, grade, weigh, and inspect products, verifying and adjusting product weight or measurement
to meet specifications.

Observe machine operations to ensure filled or packaged products meet quality and conformity
standards.

Monitor the production line, watching for problems such as pile-ups or jams.

Attach identification labels to packaged items, or cut stencils and stencil information on containers.

Stock and sort product for packaging or filling machine operation, and replenish packaging
supplies.

Package the product in the form in which it will be sent out, for example, filling bags with flour
from a chute or spout.

Inspect and remove defective products and packaging material.

Start machine by engaging controls.

Remove finished packaged items from machine and separate rejected items.

Count and record finished and rejected packaged items.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders
are primarily found in two sectors; manufacturing (69% are employed in this sector), and administration
and support services (16% are employed in this sector). In 2011 the national average wage for
Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders was $13.16 hourly. The average wage in 2011 for
California was $12.28 hourly. In 2011there were 338,082 Packaging and Filling Machine Operators
nationally. The national projected growth of these occupations over the next five years is -1%, which is a
loss of 2,168 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Packaging and Filling
Machine Operators and Tenders is on the job training.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Production & Processing, Food
Processing
Skills
Monitoring/Operations Monitoring
Active Listening
Coordination
Quality Control Analysis
Equipment & Systems Operations Control
Reading Comprehensive
Abilities
Manual Dexterity
Near Vision
Arm-Hand Steadiness
Quickly & Repeatedly Adjust
Machine or Vehicle Controls
Effective Communication
Perceptual Speed
Problem Sensitivity
Generate or Use Different
Sets of Rules for
Combining/Grouping Things.
Other Job Titles Associated with Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders:

Bundler

Machine/Packaging Operator

Closing Machine Operator

A-/Filler Operator

Packing Machine Operator

Fabrication Technician

Adjuster/Packer

Chemical Operator
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Drivers/Sales Workers
Drivers/Sales Workers drive truck or other vehicle over established routes or within an established
territory and sell goods, such as food products, including restaurant take-out items, or pick up and deliver
items, such as laundry; may also take orders and collect payments, which includes newspaper delivery
drivers. The following describes in detail some of the tasks that may be required of drivers and sales
workers:

Collect money from customers, make change, and record transactions on customer receipts.

Listen to and resolve customers' complaints regarding products or services.

Inform regular customers of new products or services and price changes.

Write customer orders and sales contracts according to company guidelines.

Drive trucks to deliver such items as food, medical supplies, or newspapers.

Collect coins from vending machines, refill machines, and remove aged merchandise.

Call on prospective customers to explain company services or to solicit new business.

Record sales or delivery information on daily sales or delivery record.

Review lists of dealers, customers, or station drops and load trucks.

Arrange merchandise and sales promotion displays or issue sales promotion materials to customers.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Drivers/Sales Workers are primarily found in two sectors;
accommodation and Food Services (35% are employed in this sector), and wholesale trade (27% are
employed in this sector). In 2011 the national average wage for Drivers/Sales Workers was $14.17
hourly. The average wage in 2011 for California was $15.53 hourly. In 2011 there were 426,982
Drivers/Sales Workers nationally. The national projected growth of these occupations over the next five
years is 4%, which is a gain of 15,035 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Drivers/Sales Workers is on
the job training.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
English Language
Skills
Oral Competency
Customer & Personal Service
Mathematics
Social Perceptiveness
Critical Thinking/Complex Problem
Solving
Service Orientation
Coordination
Judgment & Decision Making
Writing
Mathematics
Public Safety& Security
Transportation
Abilities
Oral & Written
Communication
Other Job Titles Associated with Drivers/Sales Workers:
 Territory Manager
 Route Salesman
 Driver, Truck/Delivery Driver
 Pizza Delivery Driver
 Sales Route Driver
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer
Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer are required to have a commercial drivers’ license; drive a
tractor-trailer combination or a truck with a capacity of at least 26,000 GVW, to transport and deliver
goods, livestock, or materials in liquid, loose, or packaged form; may be required to unload truck; may
require use of automated routing equipment. The following describes in detail some of the tasks that may
be required of Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer.

Follow appropriate safety procedures for transporting dangerous goods.

Check vehicles to ensure that mechanical, safety, and emergency equipment is in good working
order.

Maintain logs of working hours and of vehicle service and repair status, following applicable state
and federal regulations.

Obtain receipts or signatures for delivered goods and collect payment for services when required.

Check all load-related documentation to ensure that it is complete and accurate.

Maneuver trucks into loading or unloading positions, following signals from loading crew and
checking that vehicle and loading equipment are properly positioned.

Drive trucks with capacities greater than 3 tons, including tractor-trailer combinations, to transport
and deliver products, livestock, or other materials.

Secure cargo for transport, using ropes, blocks, chain, binders, or covers.

Read bills of lading to determine assignment details.

Report vehicle defects, accidents, traffic violations, or damage to the vehicles.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer are primarily
found in two sectors; transportation and warehousing (51% are employed in this sector), and wholesale
trade (12% are employed in this sector). In 2011 the national average wage for Truck Drivers, Heavy and
Tractor-Trailer was $20.20 hourly. The average wage in 2011 for California was $22.48 hourly. In 2011
there were 1,966,609 Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer nationally. The national projected growth
of these occupations over the next five years is 5%, which is a gain of 94,189 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Truck Drivers, Heavy and
Tractor-Trailer.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Transportation
Public Safety & Security
English Language
Law & Government
Mathematics
Skills
Equipment & Systems Operations
Control
Monitoring/Operation Monitoring
Oral & Reading Competency
Critical Thinking
Quality Control Analysis
Social Perceptiveness
Abilities
Multi-limb Coordination
Near & Far Vision
Depth Perception
Rate Control
Reaction Time
Response Orientation
Spatial Orientation
Other Job Titles Associated with Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer:
 Over the Road Driver (OTR Driver)
 Line Haul/Delivery/Road/City/Feeder Driver
 Owner Operator
 Flatbed Truck Driver
 Pick Up and Delivery Driver (P & D Driver)
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators
Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators operate industrial trucks or tractors equipped to move materials
around a warehouse, storage yard, factory, construction site, or similar location.
The following describes in detail some of the tasks that may be required of

Inspect product load for accuracy, and safely move it around facility to ensure timely and
complete delivery.

Move controls to drive gasoline- or electric-powered trucks, cars, or tractors and transport
materials between loading, processing, and storage areas.

Operate controls for lifting devices, such as forklifts, hoists, and elevating platforms, to load,
unload, transport, and stack material.

Position lifting devices under, over, or around loaded pallets, skids, and secure material or
products for transport to designated areas.

Load and unload materials from pallets, skids, platforms, or other transport vehicles.

Perform routine maintenance on vehicles and auxiliary equipment, such as lubricating, fueling, or
replacing liquefied-gas tank.

Weigh materials or products, and record weight and other production data on tags or labels.

Operate or tend automatic stacking, loading, packaging, or cutting machines.

Turn valves and open chutes to dump, spray, or release materials from dump cars or storage bins
into hoppers.

Signal workers to discharge, dump, or level materials.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators are found primarily
in two sectors; manufacturing (36% are employed in this sector), and transportation and warehousing
(22% are employed in this sector). In 2011 the national average wage for Industrial Truck and Tractor
Operators was $15.04 hourly. The average wage in 2011 for California was $16.96 hourly. In 2011
there were 560,591 Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators nationally. The national projected growth of
these occupations over the next five years is 2%, which is a gain of 9,422 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Industrial Truck and Tractor
Operators is on the job training.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Skills
Abilities
Production & Processing Operation Control & Monitoring Quickly & Repeatedly Adjust Machine/Vehicle Controls
Coordination
Multi-limb Coordination
Equipment Maintenance
Response Orientation
Manual Dexterity
Rate Control
Reaction Time
Depth Perception
Arm-Hand Steadiness
Static Strength
Other Job Titles Associated with Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators:

Forklift/Fork Lift/Lift Truck Operator

Material Handler

Truck/Forklift/Fork Lift/Fork Truck/Spotter Driver

Fork Lift Technician
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers manually move freight, stock, or other materials or
perform other unskilled general labor. Includes all unskilled manual laborers not elsewhere classified.
The following describes in detail some of the tasks that may be required of

Attach identifying tags to containers, or mark them with identifying information.

Read work orders or receive oral instructions to determine work assignments and material and
equipment needs.

Record numbers of units handled and moved, using daily production sheets or work tickets.

Move freight and other materials to and from storage and production areas, loading docks,
delivery vehicles, ships, and containers.

Sort cargo before loading and unloading.

Assemble product containers and crates, using hand tools and precut lumber.

Load and unload ship cargo, using winches and other hoisting devices.

Connect hoses and operate equipment to move liquid materials into and out of storage tanks on
vessels.

Pack containers and re-pack damaged containers.

Carry needed tools and supplies from storage or trucks, and return them after use.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Laborers and Material Movers are found primarily in two
sectors; transportation and warehousing (21% are employed in this sector), and administrative and support
services (18% are employed in this sector). In 2011 the national average wage for Laborers and
Material Movers was $12.27 hourly. The average wage in 2011 for California was $13.06 hourly. In
2011 there were 2,188,329 Laborers and Material Movers nationally. The national projected growth of
these occupations over the next five years is 0%, which is a loss of 8,724 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Laborers and Material
Movers is on the job training.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
English Language
Public Safety & Security
Skills
Active Listening
Critical Thinking
Operation Monitoring
Abilities
Static & Trunk Strength
Arm-Hand Steadiness
Multi-limb Coordination
Near Vision
Effective Oral Communication
Writing Comprehension
Other Job Titles Associated with Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
 Material Handler
 Warehouse Worker
 Loader
 Receiver
 Shipping and Receiving Materials Handler
 Merchandise Pickup / Receiving Associate
 Line Tender
 Stock Replenisher
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: Packers and Packagers, Hand
Packers and Packagers pack or package by hand a wide variety of products and materials.
The following describes in detail some of the tasks that may be required of Packers and packagers.

Mark and label containers, container tags, or products, using marking tools.

Measure, weigh, and count products and materials.

Inspect containers, materials, and products to ensure that packing specifications are met.

Record product, packaging, and order information on specified forms and records.

Place completed or defective products or materials on moving equipment such as conveyors or in
specified areas such as loading docks.

Seal containers or materials, using glues, fasteners, nails, and hand tools.

Load materials and products into package processing equipment.

Assemble, line, and pad cartons, crates, and containers, using hand tools.

Clean containers, materials, supplies, or work areas, using cleaning solutions and hand tools.

Transport packages to customers' vehicles.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: Packers and Packagers are found primarily in two sectors;
retail trade (28% are employed in this sector), and manufacturing (27% are employed in this sector). In
2011 the national average wage for Laborers and Material Movers was $10.50 hourly. The average
wage in 2011 for California was $17.60 hourly. In 2011 there were 710,437 Pacers and Packagers
nationally. The national projected growth of these occupations over the next five years is -2%, which is a
loss of 16,215 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for Packers and Packagers, Hand
is on the job training.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Production & Processing
Skills
Speaking
Abilities
Manual Dexterity
Multi-limb Coordination
Near Vision
Trunk Strength
Effective Oral Communication
Other Job Titles Associated with Packers and Packagers, Hand:

Bagger/Utility Bagger

Mini Shifter

Pack Out Operator

Shipping Clerk

Consolidator

Kit Assembler

Package Maker
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: General and Operations Managers
General and Operations Managers plan, direct, or coordinate the operations of companies or public and
private sector organizations. Duties and responsibilities include formulating policies, managing daily
operations, and planning the use of materials and human resources, but are too diverse and general in
nature to be classified in any one functional area of management or administration, such as personnel or
administrative services. The occupation includes owners and managers who head small business
establishments whose duties are primarily managerial. The following describes in detail some of the tasks
that may be required of General and Operations Managers.










Oversee activities directly related to making products or providing services.
Direct or coordinate activities concerned with production, pricing, sales, or distribution of products.
Review financial statements, sales and performance data to measure productivity.
Manage staff, preparing work schedules and assigning specific duties.
Direct and coordinate organization's financial and budget activities.
Establish and implement departmental policies, goals, objectives, and procedures.
Determine staffing requirements, hire and train new employees, or oversee personnel processes.
Plan and direct activities such as sales promotions, coordinating with other department heads.
Determine goods and services to be sold, set prices and credit terms based on customer demand.
Locate, select, and procure merchandise for resale, representing management in purchase
negotiations.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: General and Operations Managers are found primarily in
two sectors; manufacturing (11% are employed in this sector), and retail trade (11% are employed in this
sector). In 2011 the national average wage for General and Operations Managers was $51.06 hourly,
and $106,200 annually. The average wage in 2011 for California was $57.79 hourly, and $120,200
annually. In 2011 there were 1,743,965 General and Operations Managers nationally. The national
projected growth of these occupations over the next five years is 1%, which is a gain of 19,559 jobs.
Education and Training: The most common educational or training level for General and Operations
Managers is a Degree and work experience.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Administration & Management
Customer & Personal Service
Personnel & Human Resources
Economics & Accounting
Mathematics
Computers & Electronics
English Language
Clerical
Sales & Marketing
Production & Processing
Skills
Oral & Writing Competency
Critical Thinking/Complex Problem Solving
Monitoring
Coordination
Social Perceptiveness
Active Learning
Judgment & Decision Making
Abilities
Effective Oral & Written Communication
Inductive & Deductive Reasoning
Problem Sensitivity
Information Ordering
Other Job Titles Associated with General and Operations Managers:

Director of Operations

Plant/Store/Facilities/Warehouse Manager

Plant Superintendent

Vice President of Operations

Chief Operating Officer (COO)
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AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Occupation: First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers:
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers directly supervise and
coordinate the activities of agricultural, forestry, aquacultural, and related workers. The following
describes in detail some of the tasks that may be required of specific types of First-Line
Supervisors/Managers of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers.
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Logging Workers

Monitor workers to ensure that safety regulations are followed, warning or disciplining those who
violate safety regulations.

Plan and schedule logging operations such as felling and bucking trees; and grading, sorting,
yarding or loading logs.

Change logging operations or methods to eliminate unsafe conditions.

Monitor logging operations to identify and solve problems, improve work methods, and ensure
compliance with safety, company, and government regulations.

Train workers in tree felling and bucking, operation of tractors and loading machines, yarding and
loading techniques, and safety regulations.

Determine logging operation methods, crew sizes, and equipment requirements, conferring with
mill, company, and forestry officials as necessary.

Assign to workers duties such as trees to be cut, cutting sequences and specifications, and loading
of trucks, railcars, or rafts.

Supervise and coordinate the activities of workers engaged in logging operations and silvicultural
operations.

Coordinate the selection and movement of logs from storage areas, according to transportation
schedules or production requirements.

Communicate with forestry personnel regarding forest harvesting and forest management plans,
procedures, and schedules.
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Aquacultural Workers

Observe fish and beds or ponds to detect diseases, monitor fish growth, determine quality of fish,
or determine completeness of harvesting.

Record the numbers and types of fish or shellfish reared, harvested, released, sold, and shipped.

Train workers and assign duties in areas such as fertilizing and spawning, feeding and transferring
fish, planting, cultivating, and harvesting methods.

Confer with managers to determine times and places of seed planting, and cultivating, feeding, or
harvesting of fish or shellfish.

Direct and monitor worker activities such as treatment and rearing of fingerlings, maintenance of
equipment, and harvesting of fish or shellfish.

Prepare or direct the preparation of fish food, and specify medications to be added to food and
water to treat fish for diseases.

Engage in the same fishery work as workers supervised.

Direct workers to correct problems such as disease, quality of seed distribution, or adequacy of
cultivation.

Plan work schedules according to personnel and equipment availability, tidal levels, feeding
schedules, or transfer and harvest needs.
First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Agricultural Crop and Horticultural Workers
Real-time data to advance community colleges
78
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA










Inspect crops, fields, and plant stock to determine conditions and need for cultivating, spraying,
weeding, or harvesting.
Assign duties such as cultivation, irrigation and harvesting of crops or plants, and equipment
maintenance.
Observe workers to detect inefficient and unsafe work procedures or to identify problems,
initiating corrective action as necessary.
Review employees' work to evaluate quality and quantity.
Prepare and maintain time and payroll reports, as well as details of personnel actions such as
performance evaluations and disciplinary actions.
Plan/supervise infrastructure and collections maintenance functions such as planting, fertilizing and
landscaping.
Prepare reports regarding farm conditions, crop yields, machinery breakdowns, or labor
problems.
Requisition and purchase supplies such as insecticides, machine parts or lubricants, and tools.
Estimate labor requirements for jobs, and plan work schedules accordingly.
Direct or assist with the adjustment and repair of farm equipment and machinery.
First-Line Supvervisors/Managers of Animal Husbandry and Animal Care Workers

Observe animals for signs of illness, injury, or unusual behavior; notifying veterinarians or
managers as warranted.

Monitor animal care, maintenance, or breeding; or packing and transfer activities to ensure work is
done correctly.

Train workers in animal care procedures, maintenance duties, and safety precautions.

Treat animal illnesses or injuries, following experience or instructions of veterinarians.

Assign tasks such as feeding and treatment of animals, and maintenance of animal quarters.

Perform the same animal care duties as subordinates.

Prepare reports concerning facility activities, employees' time records, and animal treatment.

Confer with managers to determine production requirements, conditions of equipment and supplies,
and work schedules.

Study feed, weight, health, genetic, or milk production records in order to determine feed formulas
and rations and breeding schedules.

Direct and assist workers in maintenance and repair of facilities.
Occupational Wage and Employment Trends: First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Farming, Fishing, and
Forestry Workers are found primarily in the agriculture, forestry, and fishing, and hunting industry (99%
are employed in this sector). In 2011 the national average wage for First-Line Supervisors/Managers of
Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers was $ 20.22 hourly, and $42,100 annually. The average wage in
2011 for California was $19.33 hourly, and $40,200 annually. In 2011 there were 66,102 First-Line
Supervisors/Managers of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers nationally. The national projected
growth of these occupations over the next five years is 4%, which is a gain of 2,483 jobs.
Education and Training:
The most common educational or training level for First-Line
Supervisors/Managers of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers is work experience.
Required Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:
Knowledge
Administration & Management
Machines & Tools
Production/Processing, Food Processing
Real-time data to advance community colleges
Skills
*Monitoring
*Time
Management
Thinking/Complex Problem
*Critical
Abilities
Near & Far Vision
*Problem Sensitivity
Written & *Oral Communication
79
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Mathematics
Economics & Accounting
Education & Training
Biology & Chemistry
English Language
Personnel & Human Resources
Engineering & Technology
Solving
Writing & *Oral Competency
*Judgment & Decision Making
*Management of Personnel Resources
Controlling Equipment or Systems
Operations
Operation Monitoring
*Coordination
Social Perceptiveness
Multi-limb Coordination
Inductive/*Deductive Reasoning
Information Ordering
Quickly & Repeatedly Adjust
Machine or Vehicle Controls
Identify or Detect a Known
Pattern
*Exists across all four occupations under this SOC codes
Real-time data to advance community colleges
80
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Appendix D: Existing Community College Programs by Region
Far North/ North Region Ag Programs
Program (TOP Code) & Number of Programs
0101.00 Ag Tech & Sciences, General- 8
0102.00 Animal Science - 1
0102.00 Veterinary Technician (Licensed)- 3
0102.40 Equine Science- 4
0103.00 Plant Science-1
0109.00 Horticulture- 5
0109.00 Landscape Design & Maintenance- 5
0109.20 Floriculture/Floristry- 1
0109.30 Nursery Technology- 3
0112.00 Ag Business, Sales, & Service- 4
0114.00 Forestry- 2
0115.00 Natural Resources- 6
0115.10 Parks & Outdoor Recreation- 1
0115.20 Wildlife & Fisheries- 1
0116.00 Ag Power Equipment Technology- 2
0301.00 Environmental Science- 1
0302.00 Environmental Studies- 4
0303.00 Environmental Technology- 1
0403.00 Biotechnology & Biomedical Technology- 1
0501.00 Business & Commerce, General- 11
0502.00 Accounting- 12
0504.00 Banking & Finance- 2
0506.40 Small Business & Entrepreneurship- 8
0506.50 Retail Store Operations & Management- 6
0508.00 International Business & Trade- 1
0509.00 Marketing & Distribution- 7
0702.00 Computer Information Systems- 7
0708.10 Computer Networking- 7
Real-time data to advance community colleges
Colleges
Butte College, Feather River College, Lassen College, College of the
Redwoods, Shasta College, Cosumnes River College, Sierra College,
Yuba College
Sierra College
Shasta College, Cosumnes River College, Yuba College
Feather River College, Shasta College, Cosumnes River College, Sierra
College
College of the Redwoods
Butte College, Mendocino College, Shasta College, Sierra College, Yuba
College
Butte College, Mendocino College, American River College, Cosumnes
River College, Yuba College
Butte College
Mendocino College, American River College, Cosumnes River College
Butte College, College of the Redwoods, Cosumnes River College, Yuba
College
College of the Redwoods, Shasta College, Sierra College
Butte College, Feather River College, Mendocino College, Shasta College,
College of the Siskiyous, American River College
Butte College
Feather River College
Butte College, Shasta College
Butte College
Feather River College, Cosumnes River College, Sacramento City College,
Sierra College
Sierra College
American River College
Feather River College, Mendocino College, College of the Redwoods,
Shasta College, College of the Siskiyous, Lake Tahoe Community
College, American River College, Cosumnes River College, Folsom Lake
College, Sacramento City College, Sierra College
Butte College, Lassen College, Mendocino College, Shasta College,
College of the Siskiyous, Lake Tahoe Community College, American River
College, Cosumnes River College, Folsom Lake College, Sacramento City
College, Sierra College, Yuba College
Lake Tahoe Community College, Cosumnes River College
Butte College, Lake Tahoe Community College, American River College,
Cosumnes River College, Folsom Lake College, Sacramento City College,
Sierra College, Yuba College
Butte College, Shasta College, American River College, Cosumnes River
College, Sacramento City College, Yuba College
Lake Tahoe Community College
Butte College, Lake Tahoe Community College, American River College,
Cosumnes River College, Folsom Lake College, Sacramento City College,
Sierra College
Butte College, Mendocino College, Shasta College, Cosumnes River
College, Sacramento City College, Sierra College, Yuba College
Mendocino College, College of the Redwoods, Shasta College, American
River College, Cosumnes River College, Sacramento City College, Sierra
81
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Far North/ North Region Ag Programs
Program (TOP Code) & Number of Programs
0934.00 Electronics & Electronic Technology- 5
0934.20 Industrial Electronics- 2
0945.00 Industrial Systems Technology &
Maintenance- 1
0947.00 Diesel Technology- 3
0947.30 Heavy Equipment Operation- 1
0956.00 Manufacturing & Industrial Technology- 3
0956.30 Machining & Machine Tools- 1
0956.40 Sheet Metal & Structural Metal- 1
0956.50 Welding Technology- 8
0956.80 Industrial Quality Control- 1
0958.00 Water & Water Technology- 3
1307.10 Restaurant & Food Services Management- 3
2105.30 Industrial & Transportation Security- 1
2206.10 Geographic Information Systems- 2
Real-time data to advance community colleges
Colleges
College
College of the Redwoods, American River College, Sacramento City
College, Sierra College, Yuba College
Sierra College, Yuba College
Sacramento City College
College of the Redwoods, Shasta College, American River College
Butte College
College of the Redwoods, Sierra College, Yuba College
College of the Redwoods
American River College
Butte College, Lassen College, College of the Redwoods, Shasta College,
College of the Siskyous, American River College, Sierra College, Yuba
College
Sacramento City College
Shasta College, Folsom Lake College, Sacramento City College
Mendocino College, American River College, Cosumnes River College
Sacramento City College
American River College, Cosumnes River College
82
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Bay/Interior Bay Region Ag Programs
Program (TOP Code) & Number of Programs
0101.00 Ag Tech & Sciences, General-1
0102.00 Animal Science-1
0102.10 Veterinary Technician (Licensed)-2
0102.40 Equine Science-1
0104.00 Viticulture, Enology & Wine Business-3
0109.00 Horticulture-6
0109.00 Landscape Design & Maintenance-9
0109.20 Floriculture/Floristry-5
0109.30 Nursery Technology-8
0109.40 Turfgrass Technology-1
0112.00 Ag Business, Sales, & Service-1
0115.00 Natural Resources-2
0115.10 Parks & Outdoor Recreation-3
0199.00 Other Ag & Natural Resources11-1
0201.00 Landscape Architecture-1
0301.00 Environmental Science-3
0302.00 Environmental Studies-3
0303.00 Environmental Technology-4
0403.00 Biotechnology & Biomedical Technology-7
0501.00 Business & Commerce, General-15
0502.00 Accounting-25
0504.00 Banking & Finance-3
0506.40 Small Business & Entrepreneurship-9
0506.50 Retail Store Operations & Management-13
11
Colleges
Santa Rosa Junior College
Santa Rosa Junior College
Foothill College, Santa Rosa Junior College
Santa Rosa Junior College
Las Positas College, Napa Valley College, Santa Rosa Junior College
Cabrillo College, Foothill College, Monterey Peninsula College, Las
Positas College, Diablo Valley College, Solano Community College
Cabrillo College, College of San Mateo, Las Positas College, Diablo
Valley College, College of Marin, Merritt College, San Francisco City
College, Solano Community College, Santa Rosa Junior College,
College of San Mateo, Las Positas College, San Francisco City College,
Solano Community College, Santa Rosa Junior College
Cabrillo College, College of San Mateo, Las Positas College, College of
Marin, Merritt College, San Francisco City College, Solano Community
College, Santa Rosa Junior College
Solano Community College
Santa Rosa Junior College
De Anza College, Santa Rosa Junior College
Monterey Peninsula College, West Valley College, Santa Rosa Junior
College
Santa Rosa Junior College
West Valley College
De Anza College, Los Medanos College, San Francisco City College
Ohlone College, Merritt College, Santa Rosa Junior College
De Anza College, Mission College, Merritt College, Solano Community
College
College of San Mateo, Skyline College, Contra Costa College, Ohlone
College, Vista College, San Francisco City College, Solano Community
College
Cabrillo College, Monterey Peninsula College, San Jose City College,
College of San Mateo, Mission College, West Valley College, Chabot
College, Las Positas College, Diablo Valley College, College of Marin,
Napa Valley College, Ohlone College, Merritt College, Vista College,
San Francisco City College
Cabrillo College, De Anza College, Foothill College, Monterey
Peninsula College, Evergreen Valley College, San Jose City College,
Canada College, College of San Mateo, Skyline College, Mission
College, Chabot College, Las Positas College, Contra Costa College,
Diablo Valley College, Los Medanos College, College of Marin, Napa
Valley College, Ohlone College, College of Alameda, Laney College,
Merritt College, Vista College, San Francisco City College, Solano
Community College, Santa Rosa Junior College
Laney College, San Francisco City College, Solano Community College
Monterey Peninsula College, San Jose City College, Canada College,
Chabot College, Las Positas College, Diablo Valley College, Los
Medanos College, Solano Community College, Santa Rosa Junior
College
Monterey Peninsula College, Evergreen Valley College, Canada
College, College of San Mateo, Skyline College, West Valley College,
Sustainable Agriculture
Real-time data to advance community colleges
83
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Bay/Interior Bay Region Ag Programs
Program (TOP Code) & Number of Programs
0508.00 International Business & Trade-5
0509.00 Marketing & Distribution-10
0509.40 Sales & Salesmanship-2
0509.70 E-Commerce (business emphasis)-1
0510.00 Logistics & Material’s Transportation-1
0516.00 Labor & Industrial Relations-3
0702.00 Computer Information Systems-12
0708.10 Computer Networking-16
0709.10 E-Commerce (technology emphasis)-3
0934.00 Electronics & Electronic Technology-5
0934.20 Industrial Electronics-2
0945.00 Industrial Systems Technology & Maintenance-3
0947.00 Diesel Technology-2
0955.00 Lab Science Technology-2
0956.00 Manufacturing & Industrial Technology-4
0956.30 Machining & Machine Tools-7
0956.40 Sheet Metal & Structural Metal-2
0956.50 Welding Technology-8
0958.00 Water & Water Technology-1
1307.10 Restaurant & Food Services Management-4
2105.30 Industrial & Transportation Security-2
2204.00 Economics-8
2206.10 Geographic Information Systems-4
Real-time data to advance community colleges
Colleges
Chabot College, Las Positas College, Los Medanos College, Laney
College, San Francisco City College, Solano Community College, Santa
Rosa Junior College
Foothill College, Monterey Peninsula College, Skyline College, Mission
College, Vista College
De Anza College, San Jose City College, College of San Mateo, Skyline
College, Mission College, Chabot College, Las Positas College, Laney
College, San Francisco City College, Solano Community College
College of San Mateo, Santa Rosa Junior College
Foothill College
Skyline College
San Jose City College, Laney College, San Francisco City College
Evergreen Valley College, Skyline College, Chabot College, Las Positas
College, Los Medanos College, College of Marin, Napa Valley
College, College of Alameda, Laney College, Vista College, San
Francisco City College, Santa Rosa Junior College
Cabrillo College, De Anza College, Foothill College, San Jose City
College, Canada College, College of San Mateo, Skyline College,
Mission College, Las Positas College, Contra Costa College, Diablo
Valley College, College of Marin, Ohlone College, Merritt College,
Vista College, San Francisco City College
Foothill College, Mission College, Santa Rosa Junior College
Contra Costa College, Diablo Valley College, Los Medanos College,
San Francisco City College, Santa Rosa Junior College
Chabot College, Los Medanos College
San Jose City College, Los Medanos College, Solano Community
College
College of Alameda, Santa Rosa Junior College
Canada College, Las Positas College
De Anza College, Mission College, Chabot College, Las Positas College
De Anza College, San Jose City College, Chabot College, College of
Marin, Napa Valley College, Laney College, Santa Rosa Junior
College
Foothill College, Chabot College
College of San Mateo, Chabot College, Las Positas College, Los
Medanos College, Napa Valley College, Laney College, Solano
Community College, Santa Rosa Junior College
Solano Community College
Monterey Peninsula College, Mission College, Diablo Valley College,
Santa Rosa Junior College
De Anza College, Chabot College
Cabrillo College, Foothill College, Monterey Peninsula College, Canada
College, West Valley College, Contra Costa College, Merritt College,
Santa Rosa Junior College
Foothill College, West Valley College, Diablo Valley College, Santa
Rosa Junior College
84
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Central Region Ag Programs
Program (TOP Code) & Number of Programs
0101.00 Ag Tech & Sciences, General-7
0102.00 Animal Science-6
0102.10 Veterinary Technician (Licensed)-1
0102.20 Artificial Inseminator-1
0102.30 Dairy Science-2
0102.40 Equine Science-1
0103.00 Plant Science-6
0103.10 Ag Pest Control Advisor/Operator (Licensed)-1
0109.00 Horticulture-6
0109.00 Landscape Design & Maintenance-3
0109.20 Floriculture/Floristry-2
0109.30 Nursery Technology-2
0109.40 Turfgrass Technology-1
0112.00 Ag Business, Sales, & Service-7
0113.00 Food Processing & Related Technologies-1
0114.00 Forestry-4
0115.00 Natural Resources-4
0115.10 Parks & Outdoor Recreation-2
0116.00 Ag Power Equipment Technology-5
0199.00 Other Ag & Natural Resources-1
0201.00 Landscape Architecture-1
0299.00 Other Architecture & Environmental Design-1
0301.00 Environmental Science-1
0303.00 Environmental Technology-3
0403.00 Biotechnology & Biomedical Technology-1
0501.00 Business & Commerce, General-9
0502.00 Accounting-13
0504.00 Banking & Finance-3
0506.40 Small Business & Entrepreneurship-3
0506.50 Retail Store Operations & Management-6
0509.00 Marketing & Distribution-6
0510.00 Logistics & Material’s Transportation-2
0518.00 Customer Service-1
0702.00 Computer Information Systems-12
Real-time data to advance community colleges
College
Hartnell College, Porterville College, Merced College, SJ Delta
College, Reedley College, West Hills College, Modesto JC
Bakersfield College, Merced College, SJ Delta College, College of the
Sequoias, Reedley College, Modesto JC
Hartnell College
Modesto JC
College of the Sequoias, Modesto JC
Merced College
Bakersfield College, Merced College, SJ Delta College, College of the
Sequoias, Reedley College, Modesto JC
College of the Sequoias
Bakersfield College, Merced College, SJ Delta College, College of the
Sequoias, Reedley College, Modesto JC
SJ Delta College, College of the Sequoias, Modesto JC
College of the Sequoias, Modesto JC
SJ Delta College, Modesto JC
SJ Delta College
Hartnell College, Bakersfield College, Merced College, SJ Delta
College, College of the Sequoias, Reedley College, Modesto JC
Modesto JC
Bakersfield College, Reedley College, Columbia College, Modesto JC
Cerro Coso College, SJ Delta College, Reedley College, Columbia
College
Reedley College, Modesto Junior College
Merced College, SJ Delta College, College of the Sequoias, Reedley
College, Modesto JC
Modesto JC (Soil Science)
Modesto JC
Modesto JC (City & Regional Planning)
Columbia College
Bakersfield College, Merced College, Fresno CC
Merced College
Gavilan College, Cerro Coso College, Porterville College, Merced
College, SJ Delta College, College of the Sequoias, Reedley College,
Taft College, Columbia College
Gavilan College, Hartnell College, Bakersfield College, Porterville
College, Merced College, SJ Delta College, College of the Sequoias,
Fresno CC, Reedley College, West Hills College, Taft College,
Columbia College, Modesto JC
Hartnell College, SJ Delta College, College of the Sequoias
Cerro Coso College, Merced College, Reedley College
Bakersfield College, Merced College, SJ Delta College, Fresno CC,
West Hills College, Modesto JC
Gavilan College, Bakersfield College, SJ Delta College, College of the
Sequoias, Fresno CC, Modesto JC
SJ Delta College, Fresno CC
Fresno CC
Gavilan College, Bakersfield College, Cerro Coso College, Porterville
College, Merced College, SJ Delta College, College of the Sequoias,
Fresno CC, Reedley College, Taft College, Columbia College,
85
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Central Region Ag Programs
Program (TOP Code) & Number of Programs
0708.10 Computer Networking-5
0934.00 Electronics & Electronic Technology-6
0934.20 Industrial Electronics-3
0943.00 Instrumentation Technology-2
0945.00 Industrial Systems Technology & Maintenance-5
0947.00 Diesel Technology-2
0947.20 Heavy Equipment Maintenance-1
0947.30 Heavy Equipment Operation-1
0955.00 Lab Science Technology-2
0956.00 Manufacturing & Industrial Technology-4
0956.30 Machining & Machine Tools-4
0956.40 Sheet Metal & Structural Metal-1
0956.50 Welding Technology-10
0958.00 Water & Water Technology-1
1307.10 Restaurant & Food Services Management-4
2204.00 Economics-1
2206.10 Geographic Information Systems-1
Real-time data to advance community colleges
College
Modesto JC
Gavilan College, SJ Delta College, Fresno CC, Reedley College, West
Hills College
Hartnell College, Bakersfield College, Cerro Coso College, Merced
College, College of the Sequoias, Fresno CC
Merced College, Fresno CC, Modesto JC
Merced College, Modesto JC
Hartnell College, Merced College, SJ Delta College, College of the
Sequoias, Modesto JC
Hartnell College, SJ Delta College
SJ Delta College
Bakersfield College
Cerro Coso College, Merced College
Bakersfield College, Cerro Coso College, Fresno CC, Modesto JC
Cerro Coso College, SJ Delta College, Reedley College, Modesto JC
Bakersfield College
Hartnell College, Bakersfield College, Cerro Coso College, Merced
College, SJ Delta College, College of the Sequoias, Fresno CC,
Reedley College, Taft College, Modesto JC
Hartnell College
Bakersfield College, Fresno CC, West Hills College, Columbia College
Bakersfield College
Columbia College
86
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
South Central Region Ag Programs
Program (TOP Code) & Number of Programs
0102.00 Animal Science-2
0102.30 Dairy Science-1
0103.00 Plant Science-2
0104.00 Viticulture, Enology & Wine Business-1
0109.00 Horticulture-3
0109.00 Landscape Design & Maintenance-4
0109.20 Floriculture/Floristry-1
0109.30 Nursery Technology-2
0109.40 Turfgrass Technology-1
0113.00 Food Processing & Related Technologies-1
0115.00 Natural Resources-1
0199.00 Other Ag & Natural Resources12-1
0301.00 Environmental Science-3
0302.00 Environmental Studies-3
0303.00 Environmental Technology-3
0403.00 Biotechnology & Biomedical Technology-3
0501.00 Business & Commerce, General-4
0502.00 Accounting-8
0504.00 Banking & Finance-1
0506.40 Small Business & Entrepreneurship-3
0506.50 Retail Store Operations & Management-1
0508.00 International Business & Trade-1
0509.00 Marketing & Distribution-7
0702.00 Computer Information Systems-6
0708.10 Computer Networking-6
0934.00 Electronics & Electronic Technology-4
0945.00 Industrial Systems Technology & Maintenance-1
0947.20 Heavy Equipment Maintenance-1
0956.00 Manufacturing & Industrial Technology-1
0956.30 Machining & Machine Tools-2
0956.50 Welding Technology-5
0958.00 Water & Water Technology-3
1307.10 Restaurant & Food Services Management-3
2204.00 Economics-2
12
College
Cuesta College, Moorpark College
Cuesta College
Cuesta College, Ventura College
Allan Hancock College
Antelope Valley College, Cuesta College, Santa Barbara City College
Antelope Valley College, Santa Barbara City College, College of the
Canyons, Ventura College
Cuesta College
Santa Barbara City College, Ventura College
Ventura College
Cuesta College
Ventura College
Cuesta College
Allan Hancock College, Cuesta College, Moorpark College
Allan Hancock College, Santa Barbara City College, Moorpark College
Allan Hancock College, Moorpark College, Oxnard College
College of the Canyons, Moorpark College, Ventura College
Allan Hancock College, Antelope Valley College, Moorpark College,
Ventura College
Allan Hancock College, Antelope Valley College, Cuesta College, Santa
Barbara City College, College of the Canyons, Moorpark College,
Oxnard College, Ventura College
Santa Barbara City College
Antelope Valley College, Santa Barbara City College, College of the
Canyons
College of the Canyons
Santa Barbara City College
Allan Hancock College, Antelope Valley College, Cuesta College, Santa
Barbara City College, College of the Canyons, Moorpark College,
Oxnard College
Allan Hancock College, Antelope Valley College, Santa Barbara City
College, Moorpark College, Oxnard College, Ventura College
Allan Hancock College, Antelope Valley College, Santa Barbara City
College, College of the Canyons, Moorpark College, Oxnard College
Allan Hancock College, Antelope Valley College, Cuesta College, Oxnard
College
Cuesta College
Allan Hancock College
College of the Canyons
Allan Hancock College, Ventura College
Allan Hancock College, Antelope Valley College, Cuesta College, College
of the Canyons, Ventura College
Santa Barbara City College, College of the Canyons, Ventura College
Allan Hancock College, College of the Canyons, Oxnard College
Santa Barbara City College, Oxnard College
Ag Systems Management; BioResource; and Ag Engineering,
Real-time data to advance community colleges
87
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Los Angeles/Orange Region Ag Programs
College
Program (TOP Code) & Number of Programs
0101.00 Ag Tech & Sciences, General-2
Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles Pierce College
0102.00 Animal Science-1
Mt. San Antonio College
0102.10 Veterinary Technician (Licensed)-2
Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles Pierce College
0102.40 Equine Science-2
Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles Pierce College
0103.10 Ag Pest Control Advisor/Operator (Licensed)-1 Fullerton College
0109.00 Horticulture-7
El Camino College, Long Beach Community College, Mt. San Antonio
College, Los Angeles Pierce College, Orange Coast College, Fullerton
College, Saddleback College
0109.00 Landscape Design & Maintenance-4
Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles Pierce College, Fullerton College,
Saddleback College
0109.20 Floriculture/Floristry-4
Long Beach Community College, Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles
Pierce College, Golden West College
0109.30 Nursery Technology-3
Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles Pierce College, Fullerton College
0109.40 Turfgrass Technology-1
Mt. San Antonio College
0112.00 Ag Business, Sales, & Service-2
Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles Pierce College
0114.00 Forestry-1
Citrus College
0115.00 Natural Resources-2
Los Angeles Pierce College, Saddleback College
0115.10 Parks & Outdoor Recreation-1
Mt. San Antonio College
0116.00 Ag Power Equipment Technology-1
Mt. San Antonio College
0301.00 Environmental Science-3
Santa Monica College, Golden West College, Fullerton College
0302.00 Environmental Studies-2
Santa Monica College, Saddleback College
0303.00 Environmental Technology-4
El Camino College, Rio Hondo Community College, Golden West College,
Fullerton College
0402.00 Botany, General-1
Cerritos College
0403.00 Biotechnology & Biomedical Technology-2
Pasadena City College, Fullerton College
0407.00 Zoology, General-1
Cerritos College
0501.00 Business & Commerce, General-13
Cerritos College, Citrus College, Glendale Community College, Long
Beach Community College, Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles City
College, Los Angeles Harbor College, Los Angeles Mission College, Los
Angeles Southwest College, West Los Angeles College, Orange Coast
College, Cypress College, Saddleback College
0502.00 Accounting-25
Cerritos College, El Camino College, Glendale Community College, Long
Beach Community College, Mt. San Antonio College, East Los Angeles
College, Los Angeles City College, Los Angeles Harbor College, Los
Angeles Mission College, Los Angeles Pierce College, Los Angeles TradeTech College, Los Angeles Valley College, West Los Angeles College,
Pasadena City College, Rio Hondo Community College, Santa Monica
College, Coastline College, Golden West College, Orange Coast
College, Cypress College, Fullerton College, Santa Ana College,
Santiago Canyon College, Irvine Valley College, Saddleback College
0504.00 Banking & Finance-7
Glendale Community College, Los Angeles City College, Los Angeles
Mission College, Los Angeles Southwest College, Los Angeles Trade-Tech
College, Los Angeles Valley College, Pasadena City College
0506.40 Small Business & Entrepreneurship-18
Cerritos College, Glendale Community College, Mt. San Antonio College,
Los Angeles City College, Los Angeles Harbor College, Los Angeles
Mission College, Los Angeles Trade-Tech College, West Los Angeles
College, Pasadena City College, Santa Monica College, Coastline
College, Golden West College, Cypress College, Fullerton College,
Santa Ana College, Santiago Canyon College, Saddleback College
0506.50 Retail Store Operations & Management-19
Cerritos College, El Camino College, Glendale Community College, Long
Beach Community College, Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles City
College, Los Angeles Mission College, Los Angeles Pierce College, Los
Real-time data to advance community colleges
88
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Los Angeles/Orange Region Ag Programs
College
Program (TOP Code) & Number of Programs
Angeles Trade-Tech College, Pasadena City College, Rio Hondo
Community College, Coastline College, Golden West College, Orange
Coast College, Cypress College, Santa Ana College, Santiago Canyon
College, Irvine Valley College, Saddleback College
0508.00 International Business & Trade-15
Cerritos College, Glendale Community College, Long Beach Community
College, Mt. San Antonio College, East Los Angeles College, Los Angeles
Harbor College, Los Angeles Pierce College, Pasadena City College, Rio
Hondo Community College, Santa Monica College, Golden West
College, Orange Coast College, Fullerton College, Santa Ana College,
Saddleback College
0509.00 Marketing & Distribution-22
Citrus College, El Camino College, Glendale Community College, Long
Beach Community College, Mt. San Antonio College, East Los Angeles
College, Los Angeles City College, Los Angeles Harbor College, Los
Angeles Mission College, Los Angeles Pierce College, Los Angeles TradeTech College, Los Angeles Valley College, West Los Angeles College,
Pasadena City College, Santa Monica College, Golden West College,
Orange Coast College, Cypress College, Fullerton College, Santa Ana
College, Santiago Canyon College, Saddleback College
0509.40 Sales & Salesmanship-4
Cerritos College, Santa Monica College, Orange Coast College, Cypress
College
0509.60 Display13-1
Cypress College
0510.00 Logistics & Material’s Transportation-3
Cerritos College, Santa Monica College, Coastline College
0516.00 Labor & Industrial Relations-1
Los Angeles Trade-Tech College
0518.00 Customer Service-1
Long Beach Community College
0702.00 Computer Information Systems-16
El Camino College, Glendale Community College, Long Beach Community
College, East Los Angeles College, Los Angeles City College, Los Angeles
Harbor College, Los Angeles Mission College, Los Angeles Pierce
College, Los Angeles Trade-Tech College, West Los Angeles College,
Pasadena City College, Rio Hondo Community College, Cypress College,
Fullerton College, Santa Ana College, Santiago Canyon College
0708.10 Computer Networking-9
Cerritos College, Long Beach Community College, Mt. San Antonio
College, Los Angeles City College, Los Angeles, Pierce College, West Los
Angeles College, Coastline College, Irvine Valley College, Saddleback
College
0934.00 Electronics & Electronic Technology-18
Citrus College, El Camino College, Glendale Community College, Long
Beach Community College, Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles City
College, Los Angeles Harbor College, Los Angeles Pierce College, Los
Angeles Southwest College, Los Angeles Trade-Tech College, Los Angeles
Valley College, Pasadena City College, Rio Hondo Community College,
Golden West College, Orange Coast College, Fullerton College, Irvine
Valley College, Saddleback College
0934.20 Industrial Electronics-4
Cerritos College, El Camino College, Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles
Valley College
0945.00 Industrial Systems Technology & Maintenance-4 Long Beach Community College, Los Angeles Harbor College, Fullerton
College, Santiago Canyon College
0947.00 Diesel Technology-5
Citrus College, Long Beach Community College, Los Angeles Trade-Tech
College, Golden West College, Santa Ana College
0947.20 Heavy Equipment Maintenance-2
Santa Ana College, Santiago Canyon College
0947.30 Heavy Equipment Operation14-2
Rio Hondo Community College, Santiago Canyon College
13
14
This program is for students seeking careers as display designers in point-of-sale interior displays, industrial displays, and visual promotion.
Santiago Canyon College’s Programs for 0947.20 and 0947.30 in the LA/Orange Region are Apprenticeship Programs
Real-time data to advance community colleges
89
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Los Angeles/Orange Region Ag Programs
College
Program (TOP Code) & Number of Programs
0955.00 Lab Science Technology-4
Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles Trade-Tech College, Coastline
College, Fullerton College
0956.00 Manufacturing & Industrial Technology-10
Cerritos College, El Camino College, Glendale Community College, Long
Beach Community College, Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles Valley
College, Fullerton College, Santa Ana College, Irvine Valley College,
Saddleback College
0956.30 Machining & Machine Tools-11
Cerritos College, El Camino College, Glendale Community College, Long
Beach Community College, Los Angeles Pierce College, Los Angeles
Trade-Tech College, Los Angeles Valley College, Pasadena City
College, Orange Coast College, Fullerton College, Santa Ana College
0956.40 Sheet Metal & Structural Metal-2
Long Beach Community College, Los Angeles Trade-Tech College
0956.50 Welding Technology-12
Cerritos College, El Camino College, Glendale Community College, Long
Beach Community College, Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles Pierce
College, Los Angeles Trade-Tech College, Pasadena City College, Rio
Hondo Community College, Orange Coast College, Fullerton College,
Santa Ana College
0956.80 Industrial Quality Control-3
Cerritos College, El Camino College, Santiago Canyon College15
0958.00 Water & Water Technology-3
Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles Trade-Tech College
1307.10 Restaurant & Food Services Management-6
Long Beach Community College, Mt. San Antonio College, Los Angeles
Mission College, Los Angeles Trade-Tech College, Orange Coast
College, Cypress College
2105.30 Industrial & Transportation Security-4
Cerritos College, Citrus College, Los Angeles Mission College, Coastline
College
2204.00 Economics-12
Cerritos College, El Camino College, Los Angeles Valley College, West
Los Angeles College, Coastline College, Orange Coast College, Fullerton
College, Santa Ana College, Santiago Canyon College, Irvine Valley
College, Saddleback College
2206.10 Geographic Information Systems-3
Los Angeles Trade-Tech College, Cypress College, Saddleback College
15
Apprenticeship
Real-time data to advance community colleges
90
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Inland Empire Region Ag Programs
College
Program (TOP Code) & Number of Programs
0101.00 Ag Tech & Sciences, General-1
0103.00 Plant Science-1
0109.00 Horticulture-2
0109.30 Nursery Technology-1
0109.40 Turfgrass Technology-2
0112.00 Ag Business, Sales, & Service-1
0115.00 Natural Resources-1
0301.00 Environmental Science-4
0302.00 Environmental Studies-1
0303.00 Environmental Technology-1
0403.00 Biotechnology & Biomedical Technology-1
0501.00 Business & Commerce, General-6
0502.00 Accounting-9
0504.00 Banking & Finance-1
0506.40 Small Business & Entrepreneurship-2
0506.50 Retail Store Operations & Management-6
0509.00 Marketing & Distribution-3
0510.00 Logistics & Material’s Transportation-3
0702.00 Computer Information Systems-10
0708.10 Computer Networking-1
0934.00 Electronics & Electronic Technology-5
0943.00 Instrumentation Technology-1
0945.00 Industrial Sys. Technology/Maintenance-1
0947.00 Diesel Technology-2
0956.00 Manufacturing & Industrial Technology-3
0956.30 Machining & Machine Tools-1
0956.50 Welding Technology-5
0958.00 Water & Water Technology-2
1307.10 Restaurant/Food Services Management-2
2204.00 Economics-4
2206.10 Geographic Information Systems-2
College of the Desert
College of the Desert
College of the Desert, Victor Valley Community College
Victor Valley Community College
College of the Desert, Mt. San Jacinto College
College of the Desert
College of the Desert
Copper Mountain College, College of the Desert, Crafton Hills College,
San Bernardino Valley College
College of the Desert
Palo Verde College
Riverside City College
Barstow College, Copper Mountain Community College, College of the
Desert, Riverside City College, Norco College, Victor Valley College
Barstow College, Chaffey College, Copper Mountain College, College of
the Desert, Palo Verde College, Riverside City College, Norco College,
Crafton Hills College, San Bernardino Valley College
Riverside City College
Chaffey College, Mt. San Jacinto College
Chaffey College, College of the Desert, Riverside City College, Norco
College, Crafton Hills College, San Bernardino Valley College
Riverside City College, Norco College, Crafton Hills College
Chaffey College, Riverside City College, Norco College
Barstow College, Chaffey College, Copper Mountain College, College of
the Desert, Palo Verde College, Norco College, Crafton Hills College,
San Bernardino Valley College, Victor Valley College
Chaffey College
Barstow College, Riverside City College, Norco College, San Bernardino
Valley College, Victor Valley College
Chaffey College
San Bernardino Valley College
Barstow College, San Bernardino Valley College
Riverside City College, Norco College, San Bernardino Valley College
San Bernardino Valley College
Barstow College, Palo Verde College, Riverside City College, San
Bernardino Valley College, Victor Valley College
Mt. San Jacinto College, San Bernardino Valley College
San Bernardino Valley College, Victor Valley College
Chaffey College, Copper Mountain College, College of the Desert,
Crafton Hills College
Mt. San Jacinto College, Norco College
San Diego/Imperial Region Ag Programs
Program (TOP Code) & Number of Programs
0101.00 Ag Tech & Sciences, General-1
0102.10 Veterinary Technician (Licensed)-1
0103.00 Plant Science-1
0109.00 Horticulture-1
Real-time data to advance community colleges
College
Imperial Valley College
San Diego Mesa College
Imperial Valley College
Cuyamaca College
91
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
0109.00 Landscape Design & Maintenance-3
0109.20 Floriculture/Floristry-3
0109.30 Nursery Technology-3
0109.40 Turfgrass Technology-2
0112.00 Ag Business, Sales, & Service-2
0201.00 Landscape Architecture-2
0301.00 Environmental Science-1
0303.00 Environmental Technology-3
0403.00 Biotechnology & Biomedical Technology-5
0501.00 Business & Commerce, General-5
0502.00 Accounting-6
0504.00 Banking & Finance-3
0506.40 Small Business & Entrepreneurship-3
0506.50 Retail Store Operations & Management-4
0508.00 International Business & Trade-3
0509.00 Marketing & Distribution-5
0509.70 E-Commerce (business emphasis)-1
0510.00 Logistics & Material’s Transportation-1
0516.00 Labor & Industrial Relations-1
0702.00 Computer Information Systems-6
0708.10 Computer Networking-5
0709.10 E-Commerce (technology emphasis)-1
0934.00 Electronics & Electronic Technology-3
0934.20 Industrial Electronics-1
0947.00 Diesel Technology-3
0947.20 Heavy Equipment Maintenance-1
0955.00 Lab Science Technology-2
0956.00 Manufacturing & Industrial Technology-1
0956.30 Machining & Machine Tools-1
0956.40 Sheet Metal & Structural Metal-2
0956.50 Welding Technology-2
0958.00 Water & Water Technology-3
1307.10 Restaurant/Food Services Management-3
2105.30 Industrial & Transportation Security-2
2204.00 Economics-4
2206.10 Geographic Information Systems-1
Real-time data to advance community colleges
Cuyamaca College, Mira Costa College, Southwestern College
Cuyamaca College, Mira Costa College, Southwestern College
Cuyamaca College, Mira Costa College, Southwestern College
Cuyamaca College, Southwestern College
Imperial Valley College, Mira Costa College
Mira Costa College, San Diego Mesa College
Mira Costa College
Cuyamaca College, Mira Costa College, Southwestern College
Mira Costa College, San Diego City College, San Diego Mesa College,
San Diego Miramar College, Southwestern College
Cuyamaca College, Grossmont College, Palomar College, San Diego
Mesa College, Southwestern College
Cuyamaca College, Mira Costa College, Palomar College, San Diego City
College, San Diego Mesa College, Southwestern College
Imperial Valley College, San Diego Miramar College, Southwestern
College
Cuyamaca College, Mira Costa College, San Diego City College
Grossmont College, Mira Costa College, Palomar College, San Diego City
College
Grossmont College, Palomar College, Southwestern College
Grossmont College, Imperial Valley College, Mira Costa College, San
Diego Mesa College, Southwestern College
Palomar College
Southwestern College
San Diego City College
Imperial Valley College, Palomar College, San Diego City College, San
Diego Mesa College, San Diego Miramar College, Southwestern College
Cuyamaca College, Grossmont College, Mira Costa College, Palomar
College, Southwestern College
Southwestern College
Palomar College, San Diego City College, Southwestern College
Imperial Valley College (Apprenticeship)
Palomar College, San Diego City College, San Diego Miramar College
San Diego Miramar College
San Diego Mesa College, Southwestern College
San Diego City College
San Diego City College
Palomar College, San Diego City College
Imperial Valley College, Palomar College
Cuyamaca College, Imperial Valley College, Palomar College
Grossmont College, Mira Costa College, Southwestern College
Grossmont College, Palomar College
Grossmont College, Mira Costa College, Palomar College, Southwestern
College
San Diego Mesa College
92
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Appendix E: Agriculture Employment by Value Chain Clusters (GIS Maps)
Agriculture Support Industries, California
Real-time data to advance community colleges
93
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Agriculture Production Industries, California
Real-time data to advance community colleges
94
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Agriculture Processing/Packaging Industries, California
Real-time data to advance community colleges
95
AGRICULTURE VALUE CHAIN: CALIFORNIA
Agriculture Distribution Industries, California
Real-time data to advance community colleges
96