Driver’s Handbook Mack EPA2010 Emissions Operator’s Manual Foreword This manual contains information concerning the operation and function of the Mack Engines. Please keep this manual in the vehicle at all times. Note: Illustrations in this manual are used for reference only and may differ slightly from the actual vehicle. However, key components addressed in this document are represented as accurately as possible. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Mack Trucks, Inc. should be informed immediately if you believe that the vehicle has a defect that could cause a crash, injury or death. Contact NHTSA by calling the Auto Safety Hotline at 1 (888) 327-4236, by writing to NHTSA, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC 20590, by TTY at 1 (800) 424-9153, or visit their website at www.nhtsa.dot.gov. Mack Trucks, Inc. Greensboro, NC USA Order number: PV776-21414253 © 2009 Mack Trucks, Inc., Greensboro, NC USA All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system, or transmitted in any forms by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of Mack Trucks, Inc. Contents Overview of the Mack Engines ........................................................ Introduction ...................................................................................... Fuel ................................................................................................... Bio Diesel ......................................................................................... Engine Oil ......................................................................................... Engine Operation .............................................................................. Engine Overview, MP7 and MP8 Left Side View ............................ Engine Overview, MP7 and MP8 Right Side View .......................... Engine Overview, MP10 Left Side View ......................................... Engine Overview,MP10 Right Side View ........................................ 1 1 2 2 2 3 5 6 7 8 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution ................................................ 9 Exhaust Aftertreatment System ........................................................ 9 Safety Information ......................................................................... 11 Exhaust Aftertreatment System Components and Operation ........ 12 Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) .......................................... 12 Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) ........................................................ 14 Aftertreatment Control Module (ACM) ...................................... 15 Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) ............................ 16 Exhaust Aftertreatment System Operation .................................. 17 Driver Warnings and On Board Diagnostics (OBD) ...................... 25 On Board Diagnostics (OBD) ...................................................... 25 Instrument Cluster ....................................................................... 25 Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) ............................................. 27 Aftertreatment DEF Tank Level - Driver Warning & Inducement .................................................................................. 28 Aftertreatment DEF Quality - Driver Warning & Inducement .... 29 Misfilling Diesel or Aftertreatment DEF Tanks .......................... 30 SCR Tampering - Driver Warning & Inducement ....................... 31 Ambient Air Temperature (AAT) ................................................ 32 Warranty and Maintenance ............................................................ 33 Exhaust Aftertreatment System Maintenance ............................. 33 Emissions Maintenance ............................................................... 33 Engine Maintenance Intervals ..................................................... 33 Oil Change Intervals .................................................................... 35 Emissions Control System Warranty ........................................... 36 Safety Information IMPORTANT: Before driving this vehicle, be certain that you have read and that you fully understand each and every step of the driving and handling information in this manual. Be certain that you fully understand and follow all safety warnings. IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION BE READ, UNDERSTOOD AND ALWAYS FOLLOWED. The following types of advisories are used throughout this manual: DANGER Danger indicates an unsafe practice that could result in serious personal injury or death. A danger advisory banner is in white type on a black background with a black border. WARNING Warning indicates an unsafe practice that could result in personal injury. A warning advisory banner is in black type on a gray background with a black border. CAUTION Caution indicates an unsafe practice that could result in damage to the product. A caution advisory is in black type on a white background with a black border. Note: Note indicates a procedure, practice, or condition that must be followed in order for the vehicle or component to function in the manner intended. CALIFORNIA PROPOSITION 65 WARNING Diesel engine exhaust and some of its constituents are known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects and other reproductive harm. CALIFORNIA PROPOSITION 65 WARNING Battery posts, terminals and other related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer and other reproductive harm. Batteries also contain other chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer. Wash hands after handling. Important Your new Mack truck contains many new technological advancements that may require new servicing techniques and methods. An authorized Mack truck dealer is in the best position to provide technicians who have the necessary training, experience and tools to properly service your truck. Overview of the Mack Engines 1 Introduction In 2010, the Mack engine family will consist of three engines: MP7, MP8 and MP10. The Mack engines meet the very stringent new emissions standards which apply to all heavy-duty diesel engines built after January 1, 2010 for on-highway trucks. The new standards for EPA2010 requires 83% reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) and 0% reduction in Particles (Pt) relative to US07. Key Features of the Mack Engines: • • • • • • Improved Fuel Economy Extended Oil Drain Intervals Improved Cooling Capacity Low Maintenance Catalyzed Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) Enhanced Engine Brake Performance Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) 2 Overview of the Mack Engines Fuel CAUTION Diesel engines for 2010 and later model year vehicles are designed to operate only with Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) fuel. Use of fuel other than ULSD will reduce the efficiency and durability of the engine, permanently damage the advanced emission control systems, reduce fuel economy and possibly prevent the engine from running at all. Manufacturer’s warranties are likely to be rendered void by usage of improper or incorrect fuel, and usage of fuels other than ULSD fuel in diesel-powered vehicles is illegal and punishable with civil penalties. Use of fuel additives to compensate for the lower sulfur content is NOT recommended by Mack Trucks, Inc.. Fuel sold for use in diesel-powered engines for 2010 and later model year vehicles may only contain a maximum sulfur content of 0.0015% by weight. This was done to reduce particle emissions in the exhaust. Bio Diesel The only BioDiesel Fuel approved by Mack Trucks, Inc. for use in Mack Engines is Soy Methyl Ester (SME or SOME) in blends up to B5 Concentration (5% blend). Note: Although higher concentrations are available, concentration up to B5 (maximum) are the only blends currently approved by Mack Trucks, Inc. Engine Oil EO-O Premium Plus (or VDS-4) diesel engine oil is mandatory for use in all 2010 emission compliant Mack engines. Chassis equipped with a 2010 emission compliant engine, which can be identified by the presence of an Aftertreatment Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system, also require the use of Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) fuel. EO-O Premium Plus oils exceed the new API service category CJ-4. Overview of the Mack Engines 3 Engine Operation DANGER Do not use ether or other combustible starting aids in any Mack engine. Introduction of ether or similar starting aids could cause a fire or explosion resulting in severe property damage, serious personal injury or death. CAUTION DO NOT crank the engine for more than 30 seconds at a time; wait 15 minutes after each try to allow the starter to cool. Failure to follow these instructions could cause starter damage. Note: Some starters are equipped with starter protection. If the engine is running, the starter temperature is too high, the transmission is not in neutral or the clutch pedal is not depressed, starter engagement is inhibited. Allow the engine to slow down and idle for 3 to 5 minutes before shutting it off. This allows the turbocharger to cool down and the cooling system to dissipate the engine heat. Switch the engine off by turning the ignition key to the OFF position. CAUTION Shutting off an engine immediately after high speed or full load operation can damage the turbocharger and cause heat stress in the engine. Always let the engine idle for 3 to 5 minutes before shutting it off. Mack Trucks, Inc. does not recommend the use of winterfronts, shutters or any other shield in front of the grille or radiator package under normal circumstances. Today’s electronically controlled engines are designed to operate in cold temperatures without a winterfront. These devices, if not used properly, can cause higher exhaust gas temperatures, power loss, excessive fan usage, failure of the charge-air-cooler and a reduction in fuel economy. Winterfronts can be used in the wintertime during very cold weather if used properly. In these cases, engine coolant and intake air temperatures must also be carefully monitored and controlled. Please see your authorized Mack Truck dealer for Mack recommended winterfronts. CAUTION Mack is now using the ambient air temperature (AAT) sensor for OBD monitoring. If a customer installs a winterfront or blocks the radiator opening and blocks airflow to the sensor, they will likely set an OBD diagnostic trouble code (DTC) for inaccurate sensor data due to restricted airflow across the sensor. 4 Overview of the Mack Engines Engine Shutdown System DANGER Failure to take the necessary precautions when the STOP telltale is on can result in automatic engine shutdown and the loss of power steering. Vehicle crash can occur. The engine shutdown system will automatically derate or stop the engine when one or more of the conditions listed below reaches a critical stage: • • • • High Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Low Engine Oil Pressure (EOP) Low Engine Coolant Level (ECL) High Crankcase Pressure (CCP) When the shutdown is activated, the telltales come on along with display symbols and the buzzer is also activated. After a brief time, the engine shuts down. Find a safe place to pull off the road as soon as possible. After the engine has been shut down by the system, turn the ignition key to the off position. If necessary, the engine can be restarted for a brief time so that the vehicle may be pulled off the road. The alarm will remain activated until repairs have been made to correct the problem that caused the shutdown. CAUTION Continuously restarting the engine once the shutdown system is active may result in severe engine damage. Refer to the Driver Information Display manual for information about the display symbols. W3031624 Overview of the Mack Engines Engine Overview, MP7 and MP8 Left Side View W2006034 MP8 Engine Shown, MP7 Engine Similar 1. Breather Tube 9. Fuel Filter 2. Intake Manifold 10. Hand-Priming Pump 3. Air Compressor 11. Crankcase Ventilator 4. Power Steering Pump 12. Alternator 5. Fuel Pump 13. AC Compressor 6. Engine Control Module (ECM) 14. Alternator/AC Compressor Belt 7. Fuel Filter 15. Fan/Coolant Pump Belt 8. Fuel/Water Separator 16. EGR Mixing Chamber 5 6 Overview of the Mack Engines Engine Overview, MP7 and MP8 Right Side View W2006035 MP8 Engine Shown, MP7 Engine Similar 17. Exhaust Manifold 24. Venturi Pipe 18. Valve Cover 25. Oil Filters 19. Intake Air Heater (IAH) optional 26. Oil Pan 20. Thermostat 27. EGR Cooler 21. Belt Tensioner 28. Turbocharger 22. Coolant Pump 29. Starter Motor 23. Coolant Filter 30. EGR Valve Overview of the Mack Engines Engine Overview, MP10 Left Side View W2006037 1. Breather Tube 9. Fuel/Water Separator 2. Intake Manifold 10. Fuel Filter 3. Air Compressor 11. Hand-Priming Pump 4. Power Steering Pump 12. Alternator 5. Fuel Pump 13. AC Compressor 6. Crankcase Ventilator 14. Alternator/AC Compressor Belt 7. Engine Control Module (ECM) 15. Fan/Coolant Pump Belt 8. Fuel Filter 16. Venturi Pipe 17. EGR Mixing Chamber 7 8 Overview of the Mack Engines Engine Overview,MP10 Right Side View W2006036 18. Exhaust Manifold 24. Coolant Filter 19. Valve Cover 25. Oil Filters 20. Intake Air Heater (IAH) 26. EGR Cooler 21. Thermostat 27. Oil Pan 22. Belt Tensioner 28. Starter Motor 23. Coolant Pump 29. Turbocharger 30. EGR Valve Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution 9 Exhaust Aftertreatment System CHU, CXU, GU and TD Standard System View W2029933 1. Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Catalyst 3. Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) 2. Aftertreatment DEF Dosing Unit 4.Aftertreatment DEF Tank 10 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution LEU and MRU Standard System View W2031562 1. Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Catalyst 3. Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) 2. Aftertreatment DEF Dosing Unit 4.Aftertreatment DEF Tank Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution Safety Information The exhaust aftertreatment system utilizes technology that oxidizes trapped particles and unburned hydrocarbons thereby reducing emissions. This oxidation occurs during the regeneration process. While regeneration is occurring, very high exhaust gas temperatures will occur. In some vehicles, regeneration can occur when the vehicle is stationary. DANGER Exhaust gases and components can be at extremely high temperatures during regeneration. When parking the vehicle, keep away from any flammable materials, vapors, or structures. DANGER The temperature of the exhaust system components during the regeneration process can exceed 350 degrees C (660 F). The exhaust gas leaving the system can reach 505 degrees C (930 F). Various factors (including ambient temperature and duration of the regeneration process) determine when these components will return to normal operating temperature after regeneration has completed. Be extremely careful around these hot components. Contact with these components can result in serious personal injury. 11 12 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution Exhaust Aftertreatment System Components and Operation Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is an emissions-reduction technology with the ability to deliver near-zero emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), a smog-causing pollutant and greenhouse gas. SCR’s performance has been proved in millions of miles of real-world truck operations in other countries, as well as in long-term field tests in the U.S. SCR reduces NOx emissions to very low levels, while at the same time delivering excellent fuel economy and reliability. The system doesn’t change the design or operation of the basic engine. Rather, SCR is an aftertreatment system which converts NOx in the exhaust stream into harmless gases. Modern diesels already use exhaust aftertreatment systems, called diesel particulate filters, to control emissions of another pollutant, soot (also known as particulate matter or PM). SCR works by injecting Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) into the exhaust. DEF is a safe, simple solution of water and urea. DEF works with the heat of the exhaust and a catalyst to convert NOx into nitrogen and water vapor - two harmless and natural components of the air we breathe. The end result is cleaner air, excellent fuel efficiency and a reliable emissions control system for today’s modern diesel engine. W2031651 1. Diesel Engine 2. Aftertreatment DEF Tank 3. Aftertreatment DEF Pump 4. Aftertreatment DEF Dosing Unit 5. Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) 6. Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Catalyst 7. Aftertreatment DEF Tank Gauge Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution There are 2 different shapes for the SCR catalysts, they are vertical and horizontal. The horizontal SCR catalyst comes in 2 different sizes, a full size or a compact. The vertical SCR catalyst comes in 1 size, with two different intakes, it will either have a bottom intake or a side intake. The Mack SCR system is simple and effective, with few components. It consists of a Aftertreatment DEF tank positioned near the standard diesel tank, plus a Aftertreatment DEF pump, Aftertreatment DEF Dosing unit and SCR catalyst. The advantage of using DEF is that it enables the engine to use less EGR -- and higher oxygen levels -- for better combustion, while meeting the EPA near-zero NOx emissions requirement of 0.2 g/hp-hr NOx. By using DEF, we avoid the disadvantages of increasing EGR to massive levels. This results in better fuel economy from your Mack engine. 1 Diesel engine optimized for high performance, low particle emissions and low fuel consumption. 2 3 4 5 6 7 13 Aftertreatment DEF tank The Aftertreatment Control Module (ACM) continuously monitors and adjusts the Aftertreatment DEF pump pressure in response to current engine load conditions. DEF is injected into the exhaust gases in between the Aftertreatment DPF (5) and the SCR catalyst (6). Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF). In the SCR catalyst, nitrogen oxides are transformed into harmless nitrogen gas and water. The system notifies the driver when it is time to refill tank with DEF. CAUTION Do not put diesel fuel in the Aftertreatment DEF tank. Diesel fuel, if sprayed into the hot exhaust along with the DEF, could ignite explosively causing a fire resulting in personal injury or damage to the exhaust system. 14 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) is a reactant that’s key to the SCR process. It’s a nontoxic, aqueous solution of 32.5% urea and 67.5% water. Urea is a compound of nitrogen that turns to ammonia when heated. It is used in a variety of industries, perhaps most commonly as a fertilizer in agriculture. The fluid is not inflammable, nor is it dangerous when handled normally. However, it is highly corrosive to metal, particularly copper and aluminium. Read the separate section concerning the handling of DEF solution. Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Handling When handling DEF solution, it is important that electrical connectors to be connected or well encapsulated. Otherwise there is a risk that the DEF will cause oxidation that cannot be removed. Water or compressed air do not help, since DEF quickly oxidizes metal. If a connector comes into contact with the DEF solution it must be replaced immediately to prevent the DEF solution from creeping further into the copper wiring, which takes place at a speed of about 60 cm (2.4 in) per hour. CAUTION When detaching hoses and components, do not spill DEF on disconnected connectors. If DEF is spilled on a connector, the connector must be replaced immediately Things to know about spilled Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) If urea solution comes into contact with the skin ? rinse with plenty of water and remove contaminated clothing. If urea solution comes into contact with the eyes ? rinse for several minutes and call for medical help if necessary. If inhaled ? Breathe fresh air and call for medical help if necessary. Do not allow the DEF solution to come into contact with other chemicals. The DEF solution is not flammable. If the DEF solution is exposed to high temperatures, it breaks down into ammonia and carbon dioxide. The DEF solution is highly corrosive to certain metals, including copper and aluminium. If the DEF solution is spilled onto the vehicle, wipe off the excess and rinse with water. Spilled DEF solution can form concentrated white crystals on the vehicle. Rinse off these crystals with water. Note: Do not flush DEF spillages into the normal drain system. WARNING DEF spilt onto hot components will quickly vaporize. Turn your face away! Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution 15 Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Consumption DEF consumption is related to fuel consumption. A highway truck may travel 225-300 miles or more on one gallon of DEF. If a driver runs out of DEF a gauge much like a fuel gauge will indicate the level of DEF in the tank. A DEF low-level warning will activate when DEF is low. If a driver runs out of DEF completely, vehicle power will be reduced to derate mode. When the DEF tank is refilled, the engine will resume normal power. Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Availability DEF will be available in 2.5-gallon containers, 55-gallon drums, 275 gallon IBC and in bulk storage for fleet locations, truck stops and dealerships. DEF will be everywhere drivers are. All major truck stops, dealers and distributors will carry DEF. For more information on DEF and availability please visit the website www.truckscr.com . Aftertreatment Control Module (ACM) The ACM also monitors the following values in the exhaust aftertreatment system: • Aftertreatment DEF Dosing Absolute Pressure • • • Aftertreatment DEF Tank Temperature • Aftertreatment DPF Differential Pressure • NOX Sensors W2029917 The ACM controls the following components in the exhaust aftertreatment system: • • • • • • Aftertreatment DEF Dosing Unit Aftertreatment DEF Tank Heater Valve Aftertreatment DEF Line Heaters Aftertreatment DEF Pump Aftertreatment DEF Return Valve Aftertreatment DEF Tank Level Sensor Aftertreatment DEF Tank Level Aftertreatment DPF Inlet/Outlet Temperature The ACM is a stand alone module. Depending on your configuration it may be mounted as part of the DEF tank (as shown above) or on a bracket near the DEF tank. 16 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) with the exhaust aftertreatment system. Take the vehicle to an authorized Mack Truck dealer immediately. CAUTION Use of diesel fuel other than ULSD and engine oils other than EO-O Premium Plus (or VDS-4), will adversely affect performance, efficiency and durability of the Aftertreatment DPF system and the engine, to the point where the engine may not run at all. Manufacturer’s warranties can also be rendered void due to usage of improper fuel. Unapproved fuel additives (including engine oil) are NOT permitted. Blends of No. 1D and No. 2D grades of ULSD are recommended and allowable for cold weather operations. The exhaust aftertreatment system virtually eliminates exhaust smoke. Exhaust vapor (water condensation) may be visible during a cold start. If exhaust smoke is visible during engine operation, this indicates a problem W2030326 Vehicles equipped with a 2010 emission compliant engine have an exhaust aftertreatment system which includes a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system and a Catalyzed Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF). The Aftertreatment DPF takes the place of the standard muffler, and it reduces soot and particulate emissions into the atmosphere. Soot and other particulate matter are collected by a filter where it is eventually oxidized using a regeneration process. Vehicles equipped with a Aftertreatment DPF require the use of EO-O Premium Plus (or VDS-4) specification high performance diesel engine oil and Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) fuel. Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution Exhaust Aftertreatment System Operation Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration DPF Smart Switch– This is a three-position switch where the middle position is neutral. C0029148 DPF Smart Switch 1. Upper Position – Regeneration Position 2. Middle Position – Neutral Position 3. Down Position – Inhibit Position (if equipped) 17 18 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution CAUTION During the Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required , the exhaust gas temperature will be elevated. DO NOT park the vehicle with the exhaust outlet near flammable objects such as trees, awnings, etc. that could be damaged by elevated exhaust gas temperatures. CAUTION If the vehicle is in a location that may be hazardous when Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required begins (i.e., in close proximity to flammable materials or gases, inside tunnels, parked under flammable objects, etc.), the Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required should be stopped (if equipped). If Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required is stopped by the vehicle operator, it must be initiated at a later time when the vehicle is in a safer location. Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required that are stopped and never restarted at a later time, however, will require that the vehicle be taken to an authorized Mack Truck dealer to have the Aftertreatment Regeneration manually started with special service tools. Note: If Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required occurs during vehicle operation, idle speed may increase when the vehicle is stopped at a traffic light to maintain proper Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required conditions. There are two types of Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required: Moving and Parked. Moving Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required only occurs when the vehicle is moving at uninterrupted highway speed. Parked Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required is manually initiated when the vehicle is stationary. This is the standard configuration. Other configurations are available. Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution 19 Moving Regeneration "Moving" regeneration occurs while the vehicle is being driven and can be automatic (no operator input needed to start regeneration) or manual (operator input needed to start regeneration). The operator is notified that a regeneration is needed when the icons on the DPF Smart switch illuminate (refer to Figure listed below). Note: The vehicle operator should try to maintain vehicle speed during the regeneration process. If the vehicle must be stopped (at a traffic light for example), allow the vehicle to idle and do not apply the park brake. Applying the park brake will disrupt and end a regeneration that started while the vehicle was being driven. Please refer to the instructions below on how to use the DPF Smart switch during a regeneration that occurs while the vehicle is being driven. Moving (Automatic) Regeneration 1 When the icons on the DPF Smart switch light up, maintain vehicle speed if possible. 2 During regeneration, the icons on the switch will shut off. 3 Regeneration will take between 20 and 30 minutes to complete. 4 To stop regeneration, press the switch down to the inhibit position (if equipped). When the bottom of the switch is illuminated, regeneration is stopped. The switch will remain locked in this position and the light will stay illuminated. The driver has the option of stopping a regeneration if the vehicle is in an area where elevated exhaust temperatures will pose a hazard (i.e., tunnel, under trees, in an area where there is flammable material, etc.). 20 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution Moving (Manual) Regeneration (If Available) 1 When the icons on the DPF Smart switch light up, maintain vehicle speed and press and hold the top part of the switch momentarily. 2 During regeneration, the icons on the switch will shut off. 3 Regeneration will take between 20 and 30 minutes to complete. 4 To stop regeneration, press the switch down to the inhibit position (if equipped). When the bottom of the switch is illuminated, regeneration is stopped. The switch will remain locked in this position and the light will stay illuminated. The driver has the option of stopping a regeneration if the vehicle is in an area where elevated exhaust temperatures will pose a hazard (i.e., tunnel, under trees, in an area where there is flammable material, etc.). Depending on the vehicle’s set up, it may be possible to perform a parked regeneration if necessary. Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution 21 Parked Regeneration Parked regeneration allows the operator to start and/or stop the regeneration manually when the vehicle is parked and the engine is idling. The operator is notified that a regeneration is needed when the icons on the DPF Smart switch illuminate. The operator should perform the regeneration as soon as possible. Please refer to the instructions below on how to use the DPF Smart switch for parked regenerations. 1. Move the vehicle to a safe location, apply the park brake and allow the engine to idle. WARNING When a regeneration is in process, the temperature of the exhaust will be elevated. DO NOT park the vehicle with the exhaust outlet under low hanging overhead flammable objects such as trees, awnings, etc., that could be damaged by elevated exhaust temperatures. DO NOT attempt to regenerate inside a garage or enclosed area if the tail pipe is attached to an exhaust ventilation system as the hose material may not be rated for the high temperature. 2. Press and hold the top part of the DPF Smart switch momentarily to initiate the regeneration. 3. During regeneration, the icons on the switch will shut off. The HEST indicator on the instrument cluster will light up to notify of high exhaust temperatures. 4. For aftertreatment DPF filter systems which are not Spark Assisted, the engine speed may ramp as high as 1,100 rpm. For Aftertreatment DPF filter spark assisted systems, the engine will continue to idle during the regeneration. 5. Regeneration will take between 20 and 30 minutes to complete. 6. After regeneration has completed and the exhaust temperature has returned to normal, the HEST indicator will shut off. 7. To stop regeneration, press the switch down to the inhibit position (if equipped). When the bottom of the switch is illuminated, regeneration is stopped. The switch will remain locked in this position and the light will stay illuminated. The driver has the option of stopping a regeneration if the vehicle is in an area where elevated exhaust temperatures will pose a hazard (i.e., tunnel, under trees, in an area where there is flammable material, etc.). 22 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution CAUTION Failure to perform a regeneration in a timely manner after notification may result in engine derate, a clogged DPF, damage to the DPF and engine shutdown. DANGER During the regeneration process (with either system), the temperature of the exhaust gases will be elevated. DO NOT park or stop for an extended period under low hanging overhead flammable objects such as trees, awnings, structures, etc., that could be damaged by elevated exhaust temperatures. Further, if the vehicle is being operated in an area where flammable vapors exist, the regeneration process must be interrupted. Failure to heed these cautions may result in fire or explosion causing serious personal injury or death. When regeneration is needed, an icon at the top of the DPF Smart switch will illuminate to notify the vehicle operator. The DPF Smart switch allows the vehicle operator to either stop or start regeneration. (Certain conditions must be met, however, before regeneration can be manually started.) Note: If the vehicle is in a location that may be hazardous when an active regeneration begins (i.e., in close proximity to flammable materials or gases), the regeneration should be stopped by pushing the DPF switch to the "Stop Regeneration" position. If an active regeneration is stopped by the vehicle operator, it should be initiated at a later time when the vehicle is in a safe location. However, if an active regeneration is stopped too many times, the vehicle must be taken to a MACK service facility. The service facility will use a service tool to manually initiate the regeneration. WARNING The temperature of the exhaust system components during the regeneration process can exceed 500C (1000F). Various factors (including ambient temperature and duration of the regeneration process) determine when these components will return to normal operating temperature after regeneration has completed. Be extremely careful around these hot components. Contact with these components can result in serious personal injury. Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution 23 CAUTION When the inhibit position is pressed, the switch will remain in a locked position. It is important, therefore, to immediately set the switch back to the neutral position when safe to do so. Failure to set the switch back to the neutral position may result in an engine derate, clogged diesel particulate filter or damage to the filter. DPF INHIBIT ROAD SPEED LIMITING (RSL) The DPF Smart Switch can be locked into the DOWN (or Inhibit Regen) position by the driver (if equipped). If the DPF Smart Switch remains in the locked position, the following vehicle speed limiting will occur: 1 Vehicle Moving. If vehicle is moving with the DPF Smart Switch in the locked (DOWN) position, the vehicle speed will decrease down to 16 kph (10 mph) below the current speed until the driver releases the switch back to the neutral (MIDDLE) position. 2 Vehicle Stationary and then Moving. If the vehicle is stationary with the DPF Smart Switch in the locked (DOWN) position and the driver then begins to move the truck, the vehicle speed will be limited to 16 kph (10 mph) until the driver releases the switch back to the neutral (MIDDLE) position. 24 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution Refer to the Exhaust Aftertreatment System Information sun visor label for additional Aftertreatment DPF information. W8029446 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution 25 Driver Warnings and On Board Diagnostics (OBD) On Board Diagnostics (OBD) Beginning with your EPA2010 compliant Vehicle, On Board Diagnostics (OBD) is introduced. This is very similar to the On Board Diagnostics (OBD) system that has been required on passenger cars for many years. On Board Diagnostics (OBD) is a system that monitors the functions of emissions related components and alert the vehicle operator to any detected need for an emission related repair. When the systems detects a needed repair to an emissions related component it activates the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL). The list of emissions related components can be found in the Warranty and Maintenance section of this manual Instrument Cluster The aftertreatment icons are located in the instrument cluster per the following images. CHU, CXU, GU and TD Instrument Cluster W3031621 1. Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) 2. CHECK Lamp 4. High Exhaust Temperature (HEST) Lamp 6. Aftertreatment DEF Tank Gauge 3. Aftertreatment DEF Low Lamp 26 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution LEU and MRU Instrument Cluster W3031622 A Left Side Indicator Set B Right Side Indicator Set 1. Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) 2. CHECK Lamp 3. Aftertreatment DEF Low Lamp 4. High Exhaust Temperature (HEST) Lamp 5. Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required Lamp 6. Aftertreatment DEF Tank Gauge Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution 27 Instrument Cluster Icons Aftertreatment icons are displayed on the instrument cluster. There are 3 aftertreatment icons: • • • Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required High Exhaust System Temperature (HEST) Aftertreatment DEF Tank Low Level Indicator DPF Regeneration Required is initiated. It also indicates high exhaust gas temperature during an at-speed regeneration. When the HEST icon is illuminated, do not park or operate the vehicle near people, or any flammable materials, vapors, or structures. The Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required icon illuminates when the Diesel Particulate Filter is becoming full and regeneration is needed. The icon flashes when the filter is full or overfull. W3007444 High Exhaust System Temperature (HEST) Icon W2029416 Aftertreatment DEF Tank Low Level Indicator (DEF) W3007445 Aftertreatment DPF Regeneration Required Icon The High Exhaust System Temperature icon illuminates when a parked Aftertreatment The Aftertreatment DEF Tank Low Level Indicator icon illuminates when the fluid level is low. It also Flashes when the level becomes critically low. Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) W3031200 MIL Lamp • MIL indicates government Regulation On Board Diagnostics (OBD) faults • Lamp may remain active after repair until system operation confirms repair 28 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution Aftertreatment DEF Tank Level - Driver Warning & Inducement Aftertreatment DEF tanks are sized to have no less than 2 times the diesel fuel tank mileage or hour range The vehicle instrument cluster has a Aftertreatment DEF Tank Level Gage Triggers Aftertreatment DEF Tank Low Level Indicator Amber Warning Lamp Inducement >12% Aftertreatment DEF Tank Level Gauge (>16% DEF Remaining) None None None None None None 25% torque reduction None 5 mph Road Speed Limit (RSL) 1 <=12% Aftertreatment DEF Tank Level Gauge (~16% DEF Remaining) W2029416 0% Aftertreatment DEF Tank Level Gauge (~4% DEF Remaining) W2029415 0%Aftertreatment DEF Tank Gauge Insufficient DEF Pump Pressure Diesel Fuel Refueling >15% 1 W2029415 Vehicle has to be stationary before 5 mph RSL becomes Active Exit conditions for DEF Quality "5 mph road speed limit" Inducement: Next 10 Engine Starts: Return to 25% torque reduction until proper DEF quality evaluation. If poor DEF quality is detected during the next monitoring cycle then and 5 mph resumed after vehicle stationary for 20 minutes. After 10 engine starts have been exhausted then a Service Tool is required to exit the 5 mph RSL. With Scan Tool DTC Clearing: Invoke 25% torque reduction until proper DEF quality evaluation. If poor DEF Quality is detected during the next monitoring cycle then 5 mph resumed after vehicle stationary for 20 minutes. Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution 29 Aftertreatment DEF Quality - Driver Warning & Inducement Triggers Aftertreatment DEF Tank Low Level Indicator Amber Warning Lamp Good DEF Quality None None Poor DEF Quality DTC Initial Detected None Inducement None None 1 2 3 W3031623 Poor DEF Quality DTC Initial Detected + 10 hours None 25% torque reduction W3031623 Poor DEF Quality DTC Initial Detected + 20 hours Diesel Fuel Refueling >15% None Temporary Exit from 5 mph Inducement None 5 mph Road Speed Limit (RSL) 4 W3031623 25% torque reduction W3031623 1 2 3 4 Based on an NOx sensor evaluation of measured versus predicted SCR NOx conversion Poor DEF Quality defined as DEF diluted with water in 50/50% proportions Confirmation occurs during the initial OBD drive cycle Vehicle has to be stationary before 5 mph RSL becomes Active Exit conditions for DEF Quality "5 mph road speed limit" Inducement: Next 10 Engine Starts: Return to 25% torque reduction until proper DEF quality evaluation. If poor DEF quality is detected during the next monitoring cycle then and 5 mph resumed after vehicle stationary for 20 minutes. After 10 engine starts have been exhausted then a Service Tool is required to exit the 5 mph RSL. With Scan Tool DTC Clearing: Invoke 25% torque reduction until proper DEF quality evaluation. If poor DEF Quality is detected during the next monitoring cycle then 5 mph resumed after vehicle stationary for 20 minutes. 30 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution Misfilling Diesel or Aftertreatment DEF Tanks Although diesel fuel and Aftertreatment DEF caps are clearly labeled and filler necks and nozzles are different accidents can happen. • Costly repairs Results of misfilling Diesel in Aftertreatment DEF Tank Contamination of fluids by- misfiling of diesel or DEF in the wrong tank may result in vehicle malfunction. • Aftertreatment SCR system may be damaged by Diesel Results of misfilling DEF in Diesel Tank • SCR Catalyst may be damaged by diesel (chemical damage) • • • • • Emissions may be non-compliant • Costly repairs • Engine may run poorly or not at all Injectors may be damaged Exhaust system corrosion may occur between turbocharger and Aftertreatment DPF On Board Diagnostic (OBD) Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC) On Board Diagnostic (OBD)Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC) Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution 31 SCR Tampering - Driver Warning & Inducement 1. Disconnected Aftertreatment DEF tank level sensor 4. Disconnected Aftertreatment DEF pump 2. Blocked Aftertreatment DEF line or dosing unit 5. Disconnected SCR wiring harness 3. Disconnected Aftertreatment DEF dosing unit 6. Disconnected NOx Sensor Triggers Aftertreatment DEF Tank Low Level Indicator Warning Lamp Inducement No Tampering None None None Tampering DTC Pending 1 None None W3031623 Tampering DTC Confirmed 2 None None W3031623 Tampering DTC Initial Detected + 10 hour None 25% torque reduction W3031623 Tampering DTC Initial Detected + 40 hours Diesel Fuel Refueling >15% None 5 mph road speed limit 3 W3031623 1 2 3 Tampering DTC Pending does not apply to DEF Tank Level Sensor Confirmation occurs at the next OBD drive cycle Vehicle has to be stationary before 5 mph RSL becomes Active 32 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution Exit conditions for DEF Quality "5 mph road speed limit" Inducement: Next 10 Engine Starts: Return to 25% torque reduction until proper DEF quality evaluation. If poor DEF quality is detected during the next monitoring cycle then and 5 mph resumed after vehicle stationary for 20 minutes. After 10 engine starts have been exhausted then a Service Tool is required to exit the 5 mph RSL. With Scan Tool DTC Clearing: Invoke 25% torque reduction until proper DEF quality evaluation. If poor DEF Quality is detected during the next monitoring cycle then 5 mph resumed after vehicle stationary for 20 minutes. Ambient Air Temperature (AAT) During stationary or low vehicle speed operation, engine fan engagement may be required to obtain good airflow across the AAT sensor to obtain accurate data. CAUTION Mack is now using the ambient air temperature (AAT) sensor for OBD monitoring. If a customer installs a winterfront or blocks the radiator opening and blocks airflow to the sensor, they will likely set an OBD diagnostic trouble code (DTC) for inaccurate sensor data due to restricted airflow across the sensor. Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution 33 Warranty and Maintenance Exhaust Aftertreatment System Maintenance The vehicle must be taken to an authorized Mack Truck dealer to remove the ash from the Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter and clean the Aftertreatment Doser. Emissions Maintenance Emissions Maintenance Interval - EPA / CARB defines this as the adjustment, cleaning, repair, or replacement shall be recommended at intervals no less than described below. Heavy Heavy Duty: Injector tips (cleaning only), crankcase ventilation valve, EGR filters and coolers: 1. If owner’s manual recommends Afertreatment DPF replacement within useful life, the manufacturer must pay for the replacement; however, a random failure within the useful life is covered only per the above warranty provisions. Heavy Heavy Duty: Miles: 50,000 Hours: 1500 Injectors, Turbocharger , ECM, sensors, actuators, EGR components (except filter and coolers), Aftertreatment DPF plus related components, this includes ash cleaning Miles: 150,000 Hours: 4500 2. First maintenance interval in life of the engine is allowed at 100,000 miles, 3000 hours. Engine Maintenance Intervals Component Operation Interval Change Every oil change. Under certain conditions (for example, irregular fuel quality), the fuel/water separator filters may require more frequent replacement. Water Separator Filter Change Every oil change. Under certain conditions (for example, irregular fuel quality), the fuel/water separator filters may require more frequent replacement. Air Cleaner Change Control lamp indication or 24 months, whichever comes first Coolant (Standard) Change 500 000 km (300,000 miles ) or 24 months, whichever comes first Coolant (ELC) Change 1 000 000 km (600,000 miles) or 48 months, whichever comes first Fuel Filter 34 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution Component Operation Interval Coolant Filter (Standard) Change 80 000 km (50,000 miles) or 6 months, whichever comes first Coolant Filter (ELC) Change 240 000 km (150,000 miles) or 12 months, whichever comes first Valves/Injectors, MP7 and MP8 Initial Adjust 200 000 km (125,000 miles) or 12 months, whichever comes first Injectors, MP7 and MP8 Adjust Every 400 000 km (250,000 miles) or 24 months, whichever comes first Valves/Injectors, MP10 Initial Adjust 100 000 km (60,000 miles) or 6 months, whichever comes first Injectors, MP10 Adjust Every 200 000 km (125,000 miles) or 12 months, whichever comes first Main drive and accessory drive Belts, Highway Usage MP7 and MP8 Change 500 000 km (300,000 miles) or 36 months, whichever comes first Main drive and accessory drive Belts, Vocational Usage MP7 and MP8 Change 240 000 km (150,000 miles) or 12months, whichever comes first Main drive and accessory drive Belts, Vocational Usage MP10 Change 500 000 km (300,000 miles) or 36 months, whichever comes first Aftertreatment DPF Filter Exchange 400 000 km (250,000 miles) or 4,500 hours, whichever occurs first Aftertreatment DPF Ash Cleaning Clean 400 000 km (250,000 miles) or 4,500 hours, whichever occurs first Aftertreatment Doser Clean 240 000 km (150,000 miles) or 4,500 hours, whichever occurs first Aftertreatment Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Filter Change 354 000km (220,000 miles) 7000 hours or 3 years, whichever comes first Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution 35 Oil Change Intervals The length of time an engine can operate before an oil change depends on the quality oil used, the type of fuel used, fuel consumption, engine oil consumption, vehicle application, level of dust in the air, and fuel consumption. The change intervals given in this manual are maximum intervals. If the vehicle is operating in heavy-duty Engine Operating Condition or severe duty operation, dusty or off-road conditions, etc., reduce the intervals for more frequent oil changes. Note: Use the information in the table below to determine the operating condition and usage applicable to your vehicle. Medium Heavy Severe Total Fuel Consumption (mpg) more than 6 more than 4.7 more than 3.7 Total Fuel Consumption (L/100 km) less than 39 less than 50 less than 64 56 000 (35,000) 40 000 (25,000) 24 000 (15,000) 80 000 (50,000) 56 000 (35,000) 40 000 (25,000) MP7 and MP8 Engine Oil and Filter Change Interval, km (miles) — 36L (38 quart) oil capacity MP10 Engine Oil and Filter Change Interval, km (miles) — 42L (44 quart) oil capacity MP10 Engine Oil and Filter Change Interval, km (miles) — 52L (55 quart) oil capacity Note: If idle time is greater than 25%, use the next lower drain interval. For additional information about oil change intervals, see your Mack Truck dealer. Also, refer to Bulletin 175-60, Oil and Filters, Mack Components. For a complete list of approved oils, see your Mack Truck dealer. Also, refer to Bulletin 175-61, Approved Oils, Mack Components. 36 Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution Emissions Control System Warranty The following engine components are covered by the supplemental emissions control system warranty policy as required by the Federal emissions regulations. 1 Turbocharger Assembly • 2 • VGT Actuator Charge Air Cooler • • • 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 CAC Pipes (Air inlet to/from CAC) • CAC Hoses Injectors Engine and Vehicle Wire harness ( connected to OBD Signal, ECM, VECU, Instrument Cluster and Transmission Control Module with Vehicle Speed/Output Shaft Sensor) EGR Mixer EGR Cooler EGR Valve and EGR Control Valve EGR Pipes - Exhaust Manifold to EGR cooler EGR Pipes - EGR cooler to inlet manifold Crankcase Breather Crankcase Separator Crankcase Tubing and Hoses before Separator Aftertreatment Wiring Harness After treatment Control Module (ACM) Aftertreatment Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) Assembly A. Aftertreatment DPF Assembly with Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) • • • • Aftertreatment Doser Diffuser Pipe (Aftertreatment Doser mounting) Fuel lines to Aftertreatment Doser Aftertreatment Fuel Shutoff Valve • • • • Aftertreatment Fuel Pressure Sensor Discharge Recirculation Valve (DRV) (Heat Mode) Discharge Recirculation Valve (DRV) Solenoid Engine EGT Sensor Aftertreatment DPF Intake Temperature Sensor Aftertreatment DPF Outlet Temperature Sensor Aftertreatment DPF Differential Pressure Sensor B. Aftertreatment DPF Spark Assisted Assembly • • • • • • • • • • • Aftertreatment DPF Combustion Air Valve Aftertreatment DPF Atomization Module Aftertreatment DPF Ignition Coil Aftertreatment DPF Fuel Control Valve Aftertreatment DPF Ignition Electrode Nozzle Engine Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) Sensor Aftertreatment DPF Intake Temperature Sensor Aftertreatment DPF Outlet Temperature Sensor Aftertreatment DPF Flame Temperature Sensor Aftertreatment DPF Differential Pressure Sensor Mack, EPA2010 Emissions Solution 16 Sensors: • • • 17 • • • • • • • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Camshaft Position (CMP) Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Intake Manifold Air Temperature Intake Manifold Pressure (IMP) EGR Temperature EGR Differential Pressure Engine Coolant Level (ECL) Vehicle Speed (VSS) Ambient Air Temperature (AAT) • • SCR Catalyst Aftertreatment DEF Pump SCR • • • Aftertreatment DEF Dosing Absolute Pressure Sensor Aftertreatment DEF Return Valve Aftertreatment DEF Dosing Unit • • • • • • • 37 Aftertreatment DEF Tank and lines Aftertreatment DEF Tank Heater Valve Aftertreatment DEF Tank Temperature Sensor Aftertreatment DEF Level Sensor Aftertreatment Outlet NOx Aftertreatment Intake NOx Aftertreatment DEF Line Heaters 21. Vehicle Electronic Control Unit (ECU) 22. Instrument Cluster (with ECU, MIL, Real Time Clock, Aftertreatment DEF Tank Gauge and, DEF Tank Low Level Indicator) 23. Exhaust gas piping (from turbocharger to aftertreatment) 24. Transmission Control Module (TCM) (with Vehicle Speed / Output Shaft Sensor Mack Trucks, Inc. P.O. Box 26259 Greensboro, NC 27402-6115 Mack Trucks Canada, Ltd. 2100 Derry Road West, Suite 410, Mississauga, Ontario L5N 0B3 http://www.macktrucks.com PV776-21414253 (USA) 07.2009 © Mack Trucks, Inc. , 2009