www.fairchildsemi.com
LM124/LM324
Single-Supply Quad Operational Amplifier
Features
Description
•
•
•
•
•
•
Each of the devices in this series consists of four independent high-gain operational amplifiers that are designed for
single-supply operation. Operation from split power supplies
is also possible and the low power supply drain is independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage.
Large DC voltage gain—100 dB
Compatible with all forms of logic
Temperature compensated
Unity Gain Bandwidth—1 MHz
Large output voltage swing—0V to (+VS -1.5V)
Input common mode voltage range includes ground
Used with a dual supply, the circuit will operate over a wide
range of supply voltages. However, a large amount of crossover distortion may occur with loads to ground. An external
current-sinking resistor to -VS will reduce crossover distortion. There is no crossover distortion problem in
single-supply operation if the load is direct-coupled to
ground.
Rev 1.0.0
LM124/LM324
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Pin Assignments
Output (A) 1
-Input (A) 2
14 Output (D)
A
+
D
+
+Input (A) 3
12 +Input (D)
+VS (A) 4
11 Ground
+Input (B) 5
-Input (B) 6
13 -Input (D)
10 +Input (C)
+
B
-
Output (B) 7
C
+
-
9
-Input (C)
8
Output (C)
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Conditions
Min.
Supply Voltage
Differential Input Voltage
Input Voltage
-0.3
Output Short Circuit to Ground1
One Amplifier
+VS £ 15V and TA = +25°C
Input Current2
VIN < -0.3V
Max.
Units
+32 or ±16
V
32
V
+32
V
Continuous
50
mA
Operating Temperature Range
LM124
-55
+125
°C
LM324
0
+70
°C
Notes:
1. Short circuits from the output to +VS can cause excessive heating and eventual destruction. The maximum output current is
approximately 40 mA independent of the magnitude of +VS. At values of supply voltage in excess d +VS, continuous short
circuits can exceed the power dissipation ratings and cause eventual destruction. Destructive dissipation can result from
simultaneous shorts on all amplifiers.
2. This input current will only exist when the voltage at any of the input leads is driven negative. It is due to the collector-base
junction of the input PNP transistors becoming forward biased and thereby acting as input diode clamps. In addition to this
diode action, there is also lateral NPN parasitic transistor action on the IC chip. This transistor action can cause the output
voltages of the op amps to go to the +VS voltage level (or to ground for a large overdrive) for the time duration that an input
is driven negative. This is not destructive and normal output states will re-establish when the input voltage again returns to a
value greater than 0.3V.
Thermal Characteristics
Parameter
2
SOIC
Plastic DIP
Ceramic DIP
Maximum Junction Temperature
+125°C
+125°C
+175°C
Max. PD TA < 50°C
300 mW
468 mW
1042 mW
Thermal Resistance, qJC
—
—
60°C/W
Thermal Resistance, qJA
200°C/W
160°C/W
120°C/W
For TA > 50°C Derate at
5.0 mW/°C
6.25 mW/°C
8.38 mW/°C
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
LM124/LM324
Electrical Characteristics
+VS = +5.0V (see Note 1) and TA= +25°C, unless otherwise noted.
LM124
Parameters
Test Conditions
Min.
1
Input Offset Voltage
2
Input Bias Current
Input Offset Current
LM324
Typ.
Max.
±2.0
±5.0
45
±3.0
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
±2.0
±7.0
mV
150
45
250
nA
±30
±5.0
±50
nA
+VS-1.5
V
Input Voltage Range3
+VS = +30V
Supply Current
(Over Temperature)
RL = ¥, +VS = 30V
1.5
3.0
1.5
3.0
mA
RL = ¥ on all op amps
0.7
1.2
0.7
1.2
mA
0
Large Signal Voltage
Gain
+VS = 15V
(for large VOUT swing)
RL ³ 2 KW
50
Output
VOH
Voltage Swing V
OH
+VS = +30V, RL = 2KW
26
RL ³ 10 KW
27
VOL
+VS = +5.0V, RL =
10KW
+VS-1.5
100
0
25
100
V/mV
26
28
5.0
27
20
V
28
5.0
V
20
mV
Common Mode
Rejection Ratio
70
85
65
70
dB
Power Supply
Rejection Ratio
65
100
65
100
dB
-120
dB
Channel Separation4
F = 1 KHz to 20 KHz
(lnput referred)
Output
Current
Source
VIN+ = 1V, VIN- = 0V,
+VS = 15V
20
40
20
40
mA
Sink
VIN– = 1V, VIN+ = 0V,
+VS = 15V
10
20
10
20
mA
VIN+ = 1V, VIN– = 0V,
+VOUT = 200 mV
12
50
12
50
mA
-120
Notes:
1. VOUT = 1.4V, RS = 0W with +VS from 5V to 30V; and over the full common mode range (0V to +VS-1.5V).
2. The direction of the input current is out of the IC due to the PNP input stage. This current is essentially constant, independent
of the state of the output so no loading change exists on the input lines.
3. The input common mode voltage or either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0.3V. The
upper end of the common mode voltage range is +VS-1.5V, but either or both inputs can go to +32V without damage.
4. Due to proximity of external components, ensure that coupling is not originating via stray capacitance between these externall
parts. This typically can be detected as this type of capacitance increases at higher frequencies.
3
LM124/LM324
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Electrical Characteristics
+VS = +5.0V, LM124 = -55° £ TA £ 125°C, LM324 = 0°C £ TA £ 70°C unless other wise noted.
Test
Conditions
Parameters
1
Short Circuit Current
LM124
Min.
Typ .
Max .
TA = +25°C
40
60
RS = 0W
7.0
2
Input Offset Voltage Drift
Input Offset Current Drift
40
Range4
Unit
40
60
mA
±9.0
±150
10
300
pA/°C
500
0
15
V/mV
VOH
+VS = +30V,
RL = 2 KW
26
26
V
VOH
RL ³ 10 KW
27
VOL
+VS = +5.0V,
RL = 10 KW
Source
VIN+ = +1.0V,
VIN– = 0V,
+VS = +15V
10
20
10
20
mA
Sink
VIN– = +1.0V,
VlN+ = 0V,
+VS = +15V
5.0
8.0
5.0
8.0
mA
5.0
27
20
+VS
+VS-2.0
nA
25
28
0
nA
+VS = +30V
Differential Input Voltage4
+VS-2.0
40
mV
mV/°C
+Vs - +15V
(For Large
VOUT Swing)
RL ³ 2.0 KW
Large Signal
Voltage Gain
Output Current
Max .
7.0
10
Current3
Output Voltage
Swing
Typ.
±100
Input Offset Current
Input Voltage
Min.
±7.0
Input Offset Voltage
Input Bias
LM324
28
5.0
V
V
20
+VS
mV
V
Notes:
1. Short circuits from the output to +VS can cause excessive heating and eventual destruction. The maximum output current is
approximately 40 mA independent of the magnitude of +VS. At values of supply voltage in excess of +VS, continuous short
circuits can exceed the power dissipation ratings and cause eventual destruction. Destructive dissipation can result from
simultaneous shorts on an amplifiers.
2. VOUT =1.4V, RS = 0W with +VS from 5V to 30V and over the full common mode range (0V to +VS -1.5V).
3. The direction of the input current is out of the IC due to the PNP input stage. This current is essentially constant, independent
of the state of the output so no loading change exists on the input lines.
4. The input common mode voltage or either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0.3V. The
upper end of the common mode voltage range is +VS -1.5V, but either or both inputs can go to +32V without damage.
4
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
LM124/LM324
Typical Performance Characteristics
500
20
VO
+15V
400
Input
350
Output
250
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
VOUT
V IN
+7V
10
0
1K
8
Time ( m S)
10K
100K
Figure 2. Output Voltage Swing vs. Frequency
8
10
+VS = +5V
+VS = +15V
+VS = +30V
7
+VS
+I SOURCE
0.01
0.1
I OUT
0.1
Independent of +VS
TA = +25 C
2
1
0.001
+VS
+VS /2
VOUT
1
10
65-0407
4
1
VOUT
VOUT (V)
+VS /2
65-0406
VOUT (V)
6
3
1M
F (Hz)
Figure 1. Follower Small Signal Pulse Response
5
2K
5
65-0404
O
300
0
100
15
50 pF
VOUT P-P (V)
VOUT (mV)
V IN
65-0405
450
100K
T A = +25 C
+VS = +30V
T A = +25 C
0.01
100
0
0.01
+ISOURCE (mA)
0.1
1
10
100
ISINK (mA)
Figure 3. Output Voltage vs. Output Source Current
Figure 4. Output Voltage vs. Output Sink Current
90
80
+IOUT (mA)
70
+I OUT
60
50
40
30
65-0408
20
10
0
-55 -35 -15
+5 +25 +45 +65 +85 +105 +125
TA (°C)
Figure 5. Current Limiting Output Current vs. Temperature
5
LM124/LM324
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Typical Performance Characteristics (continued)
90
15
VCM = 0V
80
70
-VS
+VS = +30V
IB (nA)
60
+VIN (V)
10
+VS
50
+VS = +15V
40
30
65-0397
20
0
0
5
10
+VS = +5V
65-0398
5
10
0
-55 -35 -15
15
±VS (V)
+5 +25 +45 +65
+85 +105 +125
TA (°C)
Figure 6. Input Voltage vs. Supply Voltage
Figure 7. Input Bias Current vs. Temperature
160
4
+VS
I SY
120
2
T A = 0 C to +125 C
T A = -55 C
0
0
10
80
40
65-0399
1
R L = 20 k W
RL= 2 kW
20
65-0400
Ammeter
AVOL (dB)
+ISY (mA)
3
0
0
30
5
10
15
20
+VS (V)
Figure 8. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage
40
Figure 9. Open Loop Voltage Gain vs. Supply Voltage
VOUT (V)
+VS
V IN
80
V OUT
+VS /2
40
1
10
100
1K
65-0401
+VA = +10V to +15V and
-55 C T A
+125 C
20
10K 100K
2
RL 2 k W
VS = +15V
1
0
+VS = +30V and
-55 C
T A +125 C
1M
10M
F (Hz)
Figure 10. Open Loop Voltage Gain vs. Frequency
VIN (V)
60
3
3
2
65-0402
0.1 m F
100
AVOL (dB)
35
10M
120
6
30
4
140
0
25
+V S (V)
1
0 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Time (µS)
Figure 11. Follower Large Pulse Response Signal vs. Time
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
LM124/LM324
Notes:
7
LM124/LM324
Notes:
8
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
LM124/LM324
Mechanical Dimensions
14-Lead Plastic DIP
Inches
Symbol
Millimeters
Min.
Max.
Min.
Max.
A
A1
A2
—
.015
.115
.210
—
.195
—
.38
2.93
5.33
—
4.95
B
B1
C
D
D1
E
E1
e
eB
.014
.022
.045
.070
.008
.015
.725
.795
.005
—
.300
.325
.240
.280
.100 BSC
—
.430
.115
.200
14
L
N
.36
.56
1.14
1.78
.20
.38
18.42
20.19
.13
—
7.62
8.26
6.10
7.11
2.54 BSC
—
10.92
2.92
5.08
14
Notes:
Notes
1. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1982.
2. "D" and "E1" do not include mold flashing. Mold flash or protrusions
shall not exceed .010 inch (0.25mm).
3. Terminal numbers are shown for reference only.
4. "C" dimension does not include solder finish thickness.
5. Symbol "N" is the maximum number of terminals.
4
2
2
5
D
7
1
8
14
E1
D1
E
e
A
A1
C
L
B1
B
eB
9
LM124/LM324
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Mechanical Dimensions (continued)
14-Lead Ceramic DIP
Inches
Symbol
Min.
A
b1
b2
c1
D
E
e
eA
L
Q
s1
a
Millimeters
Max.
—
.200
.014
.023
.045
.065
.008
.015
—
.785
.220
.310
.100 BSC
.300 BSC
.125
.200
.015
.060
.005
—
90¡
105¡
Min.
Notes:
Notes
Max.
—
5.08
.36
.58
1.14
1.65
.20
.38
—
19.94
5.59
7.87
2.54 BSC
7.62 BSC
3.18
5.08
.38
1.52
.13
—
90¡
105¡
1. Index area: a notch or a pin one identification mark shall be located
adjacent to pin one. The manufacturer's identification shall not be
used as pin one identification mark.
8
2
2. The minimum limit for dimension "b2" may be .023 (.58mm) for leads
number 1, 7, 8 and 14 only.
8
4
3. Dimension "Q" shall be measured from the seating plane to the base
plane.
4
5, 9
7
4. This dimension allows for off-center lid, meniscus and glass overrun.
3
6
5. The basic pin spacing is .100 (2.54mm) between centerlines. Each
pin centerline shall be located within ±.010 (.25mm) of its exact
longitudinal position relative to pins 1 and 14.
6. Applies to all four corners (leads number 1, 7, 8, and 14).
7. "eA" shall be measured at the center of the lead bends or at the
centerline of the leads when "a" is 90¡.
8. All leads – Increase maximum limit by .003 (.08mm) measured at the
center of the flat, when lead finish applied.
9. Twelve spaces.
D
7
1
8
14
NOTE 1
E
s1
eA
e
A
Q
L
b2
10
b1
a
c1
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
LM124/LM324
Mechanical Dimensions (continued)
14-Lead SOIC
Inches
Symbol
Min.
A
A1
B
C
D
E
e
H
h
L
N
a
ccc
Millimeters
Max.
Min.
Max.
.053
.069
.004
.010
.013
.020
.008
.010
.336
.345
.150
.158
.050 BSC
.228
.244
1.35
1.75
0.10
0.25
0.33
0.51
0.19
0.25
8.54
8.76
3.81
4.01
1.27 BSC
5.79
6.20
.010
.016
0.25
0.40
.020
.050
14
0.50
1.27
14
0¡
8¡
0¡
8¡
—
.004
—
0.10
14
Notes:
Notes
1. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1982.
2. "D" and "E" do not include mold flash. Mold flash or protrusions
shall not exceed .010 inch (0.25mm).
3. "L" is the length of terminal for soldering to a substrate.
4. Terminal numbers are shown for reference only.
5
2
2
5. "C" dimension does not include solder finish thickness.
6. Symbol "N" is the maximum number of terminals.
3
6
8
E
1
H
7
h x 45¡
D
C
A1
A
e
B
SEATING
PLANE
–C–
LEAD COPLANARITY
a
L
ccc C
11
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
LM124/LM324
Ordering Information
Part Number
Package
Operating Temperature Range
LM324M
14-Lead Plastic SOIC
0°C to +70°C
LM324N
14-Lead Plastic DIP
0°C to +70°C
LM124D
14-Lead Ceramic DIP
-55°C to +125°C
LM124D/883B
14-Lead Ceramic DIP
-55°C to +125°C
Note:
1. 883B suffix denotes Mil-Std-883, Level B processing.
LIFE SUPPORT POLICY
FAIRCHILD’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES
OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR
CORPORATION. As used herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems
which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body,
or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to
perform when properly used in accordance with
instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be
reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of the
user.
2. A critical component in any component of a life support
device or system whose failure to perform can be
reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support
device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
www.fairchildsemi.com
5/20/98 0.0m 001
Stock#DS3000124
Ó 1998 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation