Pemetaan Kurikulum
2013 dan Kurikulum
Cambridge
Kemendikbud, Jakarta,
16 Juni 2016
Dr Ben Schmidt
Regional Director,
Southeast Asia & Pacific
Overview
1. Introduction: Cambridge International Examinations
2. Curriculum Mapping: Kurikulum 2013 Years 10-12 and
Cambridge International AS & A Levels
3. Cambridge view of curriculum and assessment
The world’s largest
provider of
international education
programmes and
qualifications for
5 to 19 year olds
Develops successful
students in
over 160
countries
Valued by over
10,000 schools
worldwide – 98%
would recommend us
to other schools
Growing fast –
worldwide entries
increased by
17% the past
year
Cambridge International Examinations
Cambridge IGCSE
 For students aged 14-16
 Broad curriculum
 Choice of 70+ subjects
o English language and literature
o Mathematics
o Sciences
o Languages (incl. Bahasa Indonesia)
o Humanities and Social Sciences
(incl. Islamiyat and Global
Perspectives)
o Business, Technical, Creative
Cambridge AS/A Level
 For students aged 16-19
 In depth study for university
 Choice of 55+ subjects
o English language and literature
o Mathematics
o Sciences (incl. Marine Science)
o Languages
o Humanities and Social Sciences
(incl. Islamic Studies and Global
Perspectives & Research)
o Business, Technical, Creative (incl.
Travel & Tourism,
Cambridge schools in Indonesia
1
6
Predominantly international
curriculum
Predominantly national
curriculum
57
Bilingual / dual curriculum
97
State school
Other
29
190 Cambridge schools
in Indonesia in May 2016
10 most popular Cambridge subjects in Indonesia
IGCSE
0580 Mathematics (Without Coursework)
0625 Physics
First Language English (Oral
0500 Endorsement)
0610 Biology
A Level Group
9709 Mathematics
9702 Physics
9701 Chemistry
9700 Biology
0620 Chemistry
Information and Communication
0417 Technology
9093 English Language
0547 Foreign Language Mandarin Chinese
9609 Business
English as a Second Language
0510 (Speaking Endorsement)
0450 Business Studies
8004 General Paper
Applied Information & Communication
9713 Technology
0545 Foreign Language Indonesian
9706 Accounting
9708 Economics
Overview
1. Introduction: Cambridge International Examinations
2. Curriculum Mapping: Kurikulum 2013 Years 10-12 and
Cambridge International AS & A Levels
3. Cambridge view of curriculum and assessment
Kurikulum 2013
Cambridge international curriculum
SILABUS BIO-minat SMA
AS/A Level Biology (9700)
SILABUS FIS-minat SMA
AS/A Level Physics (9702)
SILABUS KIM-minat SMA
AS/A Level Chemistry (9701)
SILABUS EKONOMI-minat SMA
AS/A Level Business Studies (9707)
AS/A Level Economics (9708)
SILABUS MTK-minat SMA
AS/A Level Mathematics (9709)
Aims of the curriculum mapping
1. To support Cambridge schools in Indonesia with the
efficient preparation of A Level students for the Ujian
Nasional
2. To highlight the extent to which the Cambridge curriculum
aligns with the aims and objectives of the Indonesian
national curriculum
“Overall, the aims and assessment objectives appear
similar”
Curriculum mapping: BIOLOGY
Mapping undertaken between:
 Cambridge International AS & A Level Biology (9700)
 SILABUS BIO-minat SMA
Outcomes
 Approximately 80% overlap
 Difference in focus
 A lot of the content in the Indonesian syllabus is a better
match for IGCSE level
 The Cambridge syllabus tends to offer knowledge for the
more challenging elements of the Indonesian syllabus
Curriculum mapping: BIOLOGY
Kurikulum 2013 Biologi
 More traditional approach to Biology - particularly in Year X,
which covers botanical and zoological classification in far
more detail than the Cambridge syllabus
 Topics not covered in the Cambridge syllabus:
o Year X: Ecology: Ecosystems, energy flow, biogeochemical cycle
and their interactions
o Year XI: Structure and function of the tissue-forming specialized cells
in muscular system and digestive stem
o Year XII: Growth and Development
Curriculum mapping: BIOLOGY
Cambridge International AS & A Level Biology (9700)
 The content of the Cambridge syllabus is too advanced for
the Indonesian syllabus without the underpinning knowledge
that would be acquired at IGCSE.
 Kurikulum 2013 uses a three domain classification whereas
the Cambridge syllabus uses the five kingdom (domains)
classification.
Curriculum mapping: CHEMISTRY
Mapping undertaken between:
 Cambridge International AS & A Level Chemistry (9701)
 SILABUS KIM-minat SMA
Outcomes
 Approximately 80% overlap
 Some other topics in the Indonesian syllabus are covered in
Cambridge IGCSE or AS/A Level Biology
 The wording of the Indonesian syllabus is significantly less
specific than the Cambridge syllabus – hard to say whether
coverage is similarly in-depth or comprehensive
Curriculum mapping: CHEMISTRY
Kurikulum 2013 Kimia
 Different structure
 Topics not covered in the Cambridge syllabus:
o Year X: Electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions
o Year XI: Colloid
o Year XII: Colligative properties of electrolyte and non-electrolyte
solutions; Structure, properties, classification and utilities of fat
 Topics covered in the Cambridge IGCSE or AS/A Level
Biology syllabus:
o Osmosis & osmotic pressure
o Health benefits/consequences of carbohydrates, proteins and fats
Curriculum mapping: CHEMISTRY
Cambridge International AS & A Level Chemistry (9701)
Content goes beyond the requirements of Kurikulum 2013 in these topics:
o The gaseous state: ideal and real gases and pV = nRT
o Entropy change, ΔS⦵
o Gibbs free energy change, ΔG⦵
o Batteries and fuel cells
o Partition coefficients
o Simple rate equations; orders of reaction; rate constants
o Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts including enzymes
o Stereoisomerism in transition element complexes
o Stability constants, Kstab
o Isomerism: structural and stereoisomerism
o Phenol
o Primary amines and amides
o Predicting the type of polymerisation
Curriculum mapping: CHEMISTRY
Cambridge International AS & A Level Chemistry (9701)
Content that is not covered in the Kurikulum 2013:
 Analytical techniques
o Chromatography
o Infra-red spectroscopy
o Mass spectrometry
o arbon-13 NMR spectroscopy
o Proton (1H) NMR spectroscopy
 Organic synthesis
o o 23.1 Synthesis of chiral drug molecules
o o 23.2 Synthetic routes
Curriculum mapping: PHYSICS
Mapping undertaken between:
 Cambridge International AS & A Level Physics (9702)
 SILABUS FIS-minat SMA
Outcomes
 Approximately 90% overlap
 Indonesian syllabus tends include more applications of into
‘everyday life’
 Cambridge syllabus goes into more quantitative detail and
covers a greater extent of more recent physics topic areas
Curriculum mapping: PHYSICS
Kurikulum 2013 Fisika
Topics covered in more detail than in Cambridge curriculum:
 Apply the Laws of static fluids in ever day life
o Archimedes Law, Meniscus, Capillary syndrome, Viscosity and Stoke’s Law
 Analyze how optical equipment works using light reflection and refraction
characteristics in mirrors and lenses
o Eyes and eye lenses, microscope, telescope, camera
 Apply the concepts of torque, moment of inertia, balance point, and angular
momentum in rigid body (static and dynamics) in everyday life
o Moment of Inertia, Law of angular momentum conservation in rigid bodies
 Apply fluid dynamics principles in technology
o Ideal fluids, Continuum Principle, Bernoulli’s Principle, implementation of Continuum
and Bernoulli’s Principles in everyday life
Curriculum mapping: PHYSICS
Kurikulum 2013 Fisika
Topics covered in more detail than in Cambridge curriculum (ctd):
 3.9 Analyze symptoms of global warming, greenhouse effect, climate change
and their impacts on human life and the environment
o Symptons of global warming (greenhouse effect, carbon emission, ice melting)
o IPPC and Kyoto Protocol, Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and
Climate
 3.1 Apply the concepts and principles of sound & light waves in technology
o Polarisation, LCD and LED technology
 3.7 Evaluate students’ own thoughts about electromagnetic radiation, its
application in technology and its impacts in human life
o Electromagnetic spectrum, sources, benefits and dangers of e-m radiation
 3.9 Understand data transmission and storage in digital form and its application
in information and communication technology
o Data storage
Curriculum mapping: PHYSICS
Kurikulum 2013 Fisika
Topics covered in Cambridge IGCSE Physics:
 3.8 Analyze the effects of heat and heat transfer in everyday life
o Temperature and expansion
o Heat transfer: conduction, convection and radiation
 3.9 Analyze how optical equipment works using light reflection and refraction
characteristics in mirrors and lenses
o Eyes and eye lenses, magnifying glass
 3.9 Analyze symptoms of global warming, greenhouse effect, climate change
and their impacts on human life and the environment
o Search for alternative energy resources
 3.7 Evaluate students’ own thoughts about electromagnetic radiation
o Properties and uses of e-m radiation and safety issues
 3.11 Understand the limitation of energy sources and the impacts to all lives
o Renewable and non-renewable energy sources, impacts to the environment
Curriculum mapping: PHYSICS
Cambridge International AS & A Level Physics (9702)
Learning outcomes not covered in Kurikulum 2013:
 Gravitational fields
o Gravitational potential and use of its equation in solving problems
 Stress and strain
o Experiment to determine the Young modulus of a material in the form of a wire
 Temperature
o Thermal equilibrium
o Temperature scales
o Practical thermometers
 Thermal properties of materials
o Electrical methods of determining specific heat capacity and specific latent heat
o Use of a simple kinetic model of matter to explain melting, evaporation and boiling
o Internal energy and the first law of thermodynamics
Curriculum mapping: PHYSICS
Cambridge International AS & A Level Physics (9702)
Learning outcomes not covered in Kurikulum 2013 (ctd):
 Oscillation
o Energy in SHM
o Damped, forced oscillations and resonance
 Waves
o Production and use of ultrasound in diagnosis, incl. specific acoustic impedance
o Use of the equation I = Ioe-μx for the attenuation of ultrasound in matter
 Communication
o Communication channels
o Modulation
o Digital communication (partly covered in Indonesian HSS Physics syllabus)
o Relative merits of channels of communication
o Attenuation
Curriculum mapping: PHYSICS
Cambridge International AS & A Level Physics (9702)
Learning outcomes not covered in Kurikulum 2013 (ctd):
 Current electricity
o Sensing devices including characteristics of LDRs and thermistors
o Piezo-electric transducers and metal wire strain gauges
o Potential dividers and generating a voltage output in sensors
o Resistivity
 Electronics
o The ideal operational amplifier
o Operational amplifier circuits
o Output devices, including the use of relays
Curriculum mapping: PHYSICS
Cambridge International AS & A Level Physics (9702)
Learning outcomes not covered in Kurikulum 2013 (ctd):
 Magnetic fields
o Force on a moving charge, including deflection of charged particles in E and B fields,
use of E and B fields in velocity selection, determination of e/me and the Hall Effect
o Magnetic fields due to currents
o Nuclear magnetic resonance
 Quantum physics
o Wave- particle duality
o Energy levels and line spectra
o Band theory in solids
 Particle and nuclear physics
o Fundamental particles, mass defect and nuclear binding energy
o Quantitative treatment of exponential decay.
Curriculum mapping: ECONOMICS
Mapping undertaken between:
 Cambridge International AS & A Level Economics (9708)
 Cambridge International AS & A Level Business Studies (9707)
 SILABUS EKONOMI-minat SMA
Outcomes
 Cambridge Business Studies covers only about 15% of the Indonesian
Ekonomi syllabus
 Cambridge Economics covers about 50-60% of the Indonesian Ekonomi
syllabus
 Not in Cambridge Economics syllabus: some topics in management and
accounting; financial institutions and payment systems has a greater
focus on Indonesian institutions
Curriculum mapping: ECONOMICS
Kurikulum 2013 Ekonomi
Kurikulum 2013 topics not covered in Cambridge AS & A Level Economics:
 Year 10 Economics
o The sections on financial institutions and payment systems (3.5/3.6 and 4.5/4.6) have
a greater focus on Indonesian institutions
 Year 11 Management
o 3.7 and 3.8
o 4.7 and 4.8
 Year 12 Accounting
o 3.3 to 3.6
o 4.3 to 4.6
Curriculum mapping: ECONOMICS
Cambridge AS & A Level Economics (9707)
Cambridge topics not covered in Kurikulum 2013 Ekonomi:
A2 The Price system and the micro economic
 a) Law of diminishing marginal utility
 b) Indifference curves and budget lines
 c) Types of cost, revenue and profit, short-run and long-run production
 d) Different market structures
 e) Growth and survival of firms
 f) Different objectives of a firm
Curriculum mapping: ECONOMICS
Cambridge AS & A Level Economics (9707)
Cambridge topics covered in greater detail or depth than in Kurikulum 2013
Ekonomi:
A 1 Basic economic ideas and resource allocation
 a) Dynamic efficiency
 b) Externalities and market failure
 c) Social costs and benefits: cost-benefit analysis.
A3 Government microeconomic intervention
 a) Policies to achieve efficient resource allocation and correct market failure
 b) Equity and policies towards income and wealth redistribution
 c) Labour market forces and government intervention
 d) Government failure in microeconomic intervention
Curriculum mapping: MATHEMATICS
Mapping undertaken between:
 Cambridge International AS & A Level Mathematics (9709)
 SILABUS MTK SMA
 SILABUS MTK-minat SMA
Outcomes:
 Cambridge syllabus covers much of the content of the Indonesian
syllabus but there are differences in focus and structure
 Some of the content in the Indonesian syllabuses is already covered in
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics
 Combination ‘Pure + Statistics’ covers more of the Indonesian
syllabuses (both General Mathematics and Maths & Natural Sciences)
than ‘Pure + Mechanics’ or ‘Pure with Mechanics and Statistics
components’
Curriculum mapping: MATHEMATICS
Kurikulum 2013 Matematika
Kurikulum 2013 topics already covered in Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics:
Year X
 3.3 Two- and three-variable Linear Equations and two-variable linear inequalities
 3.4/3.5 Matrix
 3.8 Sequences and series
 3.20/3.21 Statistics (Prior knowledge)
 3.22 Probability (Prior knowledge)
Year XI
 3.1/3.2 Linear programming
 3.4 Matrix
 3.11 Formula in Triangle (partially covered))
 3.18/3.19 Circle Equation
 3.20 Geometric Transformation (prior knowledge)
Curriculum mapping: MATHEMATICS
Kurikulum 2013 Matematika (IPA)
Kurikulum 2013 topics already covered in Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics:
Year X
 3.3/3.4 Two-variable Linear and Quadratic System (partially covered)
 3.11 Plane Geometry
Year XI
 3.3 Conic Sections
Year XII
 3.1 Matrix
 3.4 Composite Geometric Transformation
 3.5 Three Dimension Geometry (partially covered)
Curriculum mapping: MATHEMATICS
Kurikulum 2013 Matematika
Kurikulum 2013 topics already covered in Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics:
Year XII
 3.1 Matrix Determinant, matrix operations, inverse of matrices
 3.3 Mathematical Induction
 3.4 Space diagonal, plane diagonal and diagonal plane (partial coverage)
Curriculum mapping: MATHEMATICS
Cambridge AS & A Level Mathematics (9709)
Cambridge topics not covered in Kurikulum 2013 :
Pure 1 – Paper 1
 Circular measure (partial)
 Vectors (partial)
Pure 3 – Paper 3
 Numerical solutions of equations
 Vectors (partial)
 Differential equations
 Complex numbers
Statistics 2 – Paper 6
 The Poisson distribution
 Linear combinations of random variables
 Continuous random variables
Overview
1. Introduction: Cambridge International Examinations
2. Curriculum Mapping: Kurikulum 2013 Years 10-12 and
Cambridge International AS & A Levels
3. Cambridge view of curriculum and assessment
Cambridge view of the learning process
 Focus on understanding
 Theory of constructivism
 Active learning (“requiring students to think hard”)
 Vygotsky: Zone of Proximal Development
 Curriculum and assessment
must support deep learning
not a sage
on a stage
but a guide
by the side
Understanding, content, knowledge, skills
 Understanding requires content knowledge AND the skills
to apply it in order to solve problems
 Constructs = ‘key things which need to be learned’
 Spiral curriculum and the notion of mastery
 Competencies = combinations of knowledge, skills and
attitudes, which facilitate the application of knowledge to
real world contexts
 Dispositions and character qualities (cp. Cambridge
Learner attributes: confident, responsible, reflective,
innovative, engaged)
Organising the curriculum
 Key concepts
o Substantive concepts – e.g. ‘river’, ‘castle’, ‘trade’, ‘city’, ‘and
‘ecosystem’ (in Geography)
o Second-order concepts – e.g. ‘cause & consequence’ (causation);
‘change & continuity’; ‘similarity & difference’ (in History)
 Domains - the ‘area of interest’, the ‘sphere of knowledge’,
the ‘territory’ of learning to be covered in the materials
 Constructs – ‘the key things to be learned’
o Concepts (e.g. conservation of mass; constitutional monarchy)
o Principles (e.g. scientific laws; logical relations)
o Fundamental operations (4 operations in maths; extended writing)
o Key knowledge (e.g. order of planets; the ‘Glorious Revolution’)
Key concepts – Economics
Scarcity &
choice
Progress &
developmt
Margin &
change
Michael O’Sullivan, Chief
Executive, Cambridge
International
Examinations
Economics
Regulation
& equity
“We have given depth
priority over breadth, and
believe this is the right
choice for the benefit of
learners.”
Equilibrium
&
efficiency
Bloom: Taxonomy of learning domains
Assessment
Backwash
Backwash
Impact
Pedagogy
Curriculum
Bloom’s taxonomy and Cambridge assessment objectives
How are AOs carried through to questions?
 Syllabuses that
 Are supported by a balanced range of assessment instruments, each
weighted by AO
 Papers that
 Are ‘synoptic’ in range across the syllabus
 Questions that
 Require knowledge
 Gradually remove scaffolding
 Require the application of knowledge in unfamiliar contexts
 Encourage connections to be made between topic areas or concepts
Command Terms
Command terms indicate what is required in a question and the
depth of response.
Some examples:
 Define: give a precise meaning of a word, phrase or physical quantity
 Outline: give a brief account or summary
 Derive: Manipulate a mathematical relationship[s] to give a new equation or
relationship
 Deduce: Reach a conclusion from the information given
 Compare: Describe two or more situations and present the similarities
between them
 Evaluate: Make an appraisal by weighing up the strengths and limitations of
different evidence and arguments.
Balanced range of assessment instruments
e.g. IGCSE Business Studies
Structured answers
Data response
Evaluation
Short answer
Extended writing
Synoptic assessment
 Linear assessment is a characteristic of Cambridge IGCSE
 Some papers have a specific synoptic function
e.g. IGCSE Business Studies, Paper 2
Questions relate to a previously unseen business
situation or problem. Candidates would be expected to
answer holistically.
Gradual removal of scaffolding
E.g. IGCSE Geography Paper 2
Extracting
data from the
graph
Interpreting
the graph and
identifying
patterns
Suggesting
explanations
Knowledge applied in unfamiliar contexts
E.g. IGCSE Biology, Paper 2, Q2
AO1 Knowledge with
understanding
AO2 Handling information
and solving problems
AO3 Experimental skills and
investigations
Recalling
knowledge
Applying
knowledge in
a novel
context
Abstracting
appropriate
knowledge
Thank you very much!
Dr Ben Schmidt
Regional Director, Southeast Asia & Pacific
Singapore
schmidt.b@cie.org.uk