C O R P O RA T E P ROF IL E NGK Insulators responds to the world and the future needs through ceramic technologies. Using ceramics, we can make a brighter future for energy. Using ceramics, we can help sustain the environment and human society. Using ceramics, we can discover new and advanced technologies. Using the untold power of ceramics, we can meet the needs of every age and provide the world with new values. “Look forward and aim high”—here at NGK Insulators, we continue the quest for creative manufacturing. 2 CORPORATE PROFILE Under a philosophy that NGK products and technologies must create new value and contribute to the quality of life, NGK Insulators has constantly sought to develop and supply products that can contribute to a more steadfast social foundation and protect the natural environment.By fusing key materials such as porous ceramics, functional ceramics and ceramics for use as structural material together with our unique molding, firing, processing and evaluation technologies, we strive to create groundbreaking products that leverage the full potential of ceramics.In order to demonstrate the best performance as a global company that could compete in the world, each NGK member must be highly motivated, constantly embrace challenges, and improve their individual ability. With the passion and pride toward manufacturing, we refine our knowledge, skills and techniques to get through the fierce global competition as a unified team.Meanwhile, we at NGK also relish the challenge of tackling the many thorny issues the world faces in relation to energy and the environment.In addition to our long track record in sectors such as energy, ecology and electronics, we are eager to use these new ventures to further expand our operations into new and uncharted fields.Indeed, we remain dedicated to applying our state-of-the-art technologies quickly and innovatively to meet popular demand for environmental protection and solid support for people’s livelihoods and industries. Taku Oshima Pr esi dent President Message 3 1919 NGK Insulators is founded out of a desire to localize the production of “special high-voltage insulators,” a key component in the modernization of Japan. A piece of the insulator that sparked the foundation of NGK Insulators. (1905) 4 CORPORATE PROFILE Workers put the finishing touches on insulators in the early days. The first tunnel kiln to be installed at our factory at company headquarters. (1920s) One of the first “special high-voltage insulators” to be produced in Japan The electrification gradually began to gain traction at the end of the 19th century. At the time, Japan relied on imports for high-voltage insulators. Japanese high-voltage insulator R&D and production began only with a desire to make a contribution to the country by producing insulators locally and a piece of an American insulator to study. Despite such humble beginnings, NGK Insulators has consistently succeeded in developing ultra-high-voltage, ultra-high-strength insulators to meet the massive demand for electricity of rapidly evolving lifestyles and developing industries. As a result, we have grown into the world’s foremost manufacturer of insulators underpinning power supply the world over. Here at NGK Insulators, our formidable technological strengths, honed by long years of experience in the production of ceramic insulators, have enabled us to further develop a range of new technologies which are now contributing to the development of the energy, ecology and electronics sectors. These include the world’s first large-capacity storage batteries, which are paving the way for next-generation infrastructures; vehicle exhaust cleaning components that provide a major leap forward in the fight to overcome environmental issues; industrial machinery that provide momentum for chemical industries; and the precision machinery that underpins the evolution of electronics. All of us at NGK Insulators are committed to leveraging our original ceramic technologies to advance the creation of things that meet the needs of all society and promote the betterment of the whole world. The History of NGK Insulators’ Manufacturing 1919 1923 1929 1931 1935 1958 1963 1965 1971 1973 1976 1978 1986 1989 1995 1996 1998 2002 2003 2006 2007 2011 2014 NGK Insulators Ltd. established by spinning of the insulator division of Nippon Toki (now known as Noritake Co., Limited).〈①〉 Bushing production operations begin. Testing facilities completed for 1,000kV- class high-voltage insulators. Manufacturing and marketing of sulfuric acid corrosion-resistant apparatuses for the chemical industry begins.〈②〉 NGK’s first exports: Suspension insulators exported to India. Manufacturing and marketing of beryllium-copper products begins.〈③〉 Construction of High Voltage Laboratory completed. NGK’s first overseas distribution company: NGK INSULATORS OF AMERICA, LTD. (now known as NGK-LOCKE, INC.) incorporated. Manufacturing and marketing of translucent alumina ceramics HICERAM ○R begins. NGK’s first overseas production base LOCKE INSULATORS, INC. (USA) incorporated. Manufacturing and marketing of ceramic catalyst carrier HONEYCERAM ○R for vehicle exhaust gas purification commences.〈④〉 NGK delivers first low-level radioactive waste incineration system. Characters used in Japanese company name changed; English name remains the same. Production of diesel particulate filters begins. NGK delivers the world’s largest gas bushing for UHV transmission facility (11.5m). Mass production of ceramics for semiconductor production devices begins. Production of vehicle exhaust gas NOx sensors begins. Production of piezoelectric microactuators for inkjet printers begins. NGK Foundation for International Students established. Fine Ceramic water purifier C1 goes on sale. Mass production of NAS○R battery system begins. NGK Education Services, Ltd. incorporated to train and develop employees. NGK develops one of the largest nano - ceramic membranes in the world. Total HONEYCERAM production reaches one billion. Production of bounded wafers and gasoline particulate filters begin. ① ② ③ ④ The first mass-produced HONEYCERAM unit. This historic item was listed by the National Museum of Nature and Science as an Essential Historical Material for Science and Technology in 2009. History of NGK Insulators Ltd. 5 Energy Applying unique technologies to create a variety of up-to-the-moment solutions to the world’s needs. Development and manufacturing products that help sustain a stable energy supply. Here at NGK Insulators, we seek to harness the strengths of our core ceramic technologies to pursue opportunities in the energy, ecology and electronics sectors. In addition to our activities relating to power supply, ceramics and electronics, we also invest considerable effort in research and development with the aim of discovering new possibilities for ceramics. Ecology Development and manufacturing products that contribute to environmental conservation. 6 CORPORATE PROFILE Electronics Development and manufacturing products that provide momentum to electronic evolution. Ceramic Products Business Power Business We offer an array of products to ensure a stable supply of electricity (surely the bedrock on which our communities and livelihoods are based) and contribute to energy conservation and sustainability. We offer a line-up of ceramic products, led by automotive exhaust gas purifiers, which serves a broad range of industries and provides smart solutions for modern requirements such as environment protection and energy conservation. NAS battery systems for electric energy storage □ Insulators and equipment for power transmission □ Insulators and equipment for substations □ Insulators and equipment for power distribution □ □ R ○ Substrates for autmobile catalytic converters HONEYCERAM □ Diesel particulate filters □ Gasoline particulate filters □ NOx sensors □ Industrial processing products Heating devices, kilns and refractries Low-level radioactive waste treatment systems Ceramic membranes and separators Corrosion-resistant equipment and systems R ○ Research & Development Electronics Business We offer the latest in fine ceramic technologies to help drive the technical innovation that makes electronics smaller and lighter yet more advanced. We carry out research and development to look beyond the horizon of what is currently considered possible in the “triple E” areas (ecology, energy and electronics) with the aim of creating new technologies and products for a new age. □ Ceramics □ Subnano-ceramic for semiconductor manufacturing equipment Electrostatic chucks Ceramic heaters □ Ceramics for electric and electronic machinery Bonded wafers Translucent alumina ceramics HICERAM Ceramic packages / Functional circuit boards Electronic components for communication devices □ Beryllium copper R ○ membranes oxide fuel cell (SOFC) modules □ Wafer products for electronic devices □ Chip-type ceramic secondary batteries □ Solid Business Fields 7 Proven technologies for a stable power supply, a clean earth and a bright future. Electricity is the force that powers our daily lives and sustains our societies. We at NGK Insulators have striven throughout our company’s history to protect and uphold this vital lifeline by constantly seeking to make better quality insulators so as to provide the whole world with highly reliable insulators and other items related to energy supply. Moreover, we strive to have made a big contribution to the establishment of sustainable energy sources with the creation of the NAS battery system, a large-capacity storage system that dispelled the myth that electricity could not be stored. Far from resting on our laurels, however, we remain dedicated to creating ever more advanced products in anticipation of the demands of the coming age. R ○ 8 CORPORATE PROFILE NAS battery systems for electric energy storage R ○ The world’s first large-capacity electric energy storage system and a major leap forward in the ability to provide a stable supply of renewable energy. Using original and highly advanced ceramic technologies, we at NGK were the first in the world to commercialize a NAS battery system that had the capacity to handle “megawatts” of electricity. The NAS battery system boasts an array of superior features, including large capacity, high energy density and long life. It is capable of maintaining a high output of electric power for long periods of time despite being only one-third the size of conventional lead batteries. NAS batteries are the ideal system for reducing peak electricity use, charging at night when demand is low and providing power during peak times in the day. Moreover, the NAS battery system can be used as an emergency power supply during power outages and momentary drops in voltage. NAS batteries can temporarily store and release energy from weather-sensitive power sources such as wind and solar power generators, helping to stabilize the supply. As such, they are attracting interest around the world as useful storage components for the further spread of renewable energy and the establishment of next-generation “smart-grid” transmission networks. NAS battery systems already have a record of operation in more than 190 locations worldwide. NAS batteries have sodium (Na) negative electrodes and sulfur (S) positive electrodes separated by a fine ceramic electrolyte. NAS battery systems used to store power generated at a wind farm. A cell battery (left) and a solid ceramic electrolyte. Power Business 9 Insulators Uncompromising quality and advanced technology are why our insulators are chosen to sustain power supply the world over. Insulators play an important part in maintaining the safety and stability of our energy lifeline by ensuring that transmission lines and steel towers and equipment are completely isolated. Given the magnitude of their task— even the slightest defect could have massive consequences—insulators are required to be impeccably reliable. We at NGK Insulators are the insulator specialists; since the company’s inception in 1919, we have consistently developed our own unique technologies and created products with the durability and quality to perform without fail even in harsh environments that suffer from earthquakes, typhoons and heavy snowfall. Among the world-beating products we have developed and made are the world’s strongest insulators for UHV (1 million volts) power transmission and the bushings using the world’s largest hollow insulators. We also boast the world’s largest production capacity—which is just as well, because our products are used in at least 100 countries. Backed by uncompromising quality and advanced technology, our products continue to make power supply safe and secure. Insulators for power transmission Here at NGK Insulators, we produce an extensive line-up of multi-functional insulators that are resistant to dirt and lightning damage. We constantly seek to innovate, and have succeeded in making our insulators more compact without compromising strength or isolation capacity. Thus, our suspension insulators for UHV power transmission are only 40cm in diameter but can withstand a load of 77 tons. 10 CORPORATE PROFILE Insulators and equipment for substations NGK hollow insulators, support insulators, bushings, isolators and other transformer devices are used to isolate power lines from equipment and the transformer building. In fact, our technological capabilities enabled us to make UHV gas bushings some 11.5 meters long—the largest porcelain products in the world. Equipment for power transmission We manufacture devices to prevent power outages when something happens to transmission lines. In particular, our line arresters, which have built-in functional ceramic (zinc oxide elements), make a huge contribution to blackout prevention by selectively discharging the large fluxes in current caused by lightning strikes. High Voltage Laboratory Equipped with the world’s largest insulator testing facility, the High Voltage Laboratory is an internationally accredited testing laboratory— the first high-voltage testing facility to be accredited in Japan. The institute evaluates and tests insulator devices at actual scale; it is responsible for innumerable achievements in the research and development of insulators for substation, power transmission and other power supply devices, and its contribution to the energy industry is invaluable. Long rod insulators and line arresters for transmission facilities (top). Equipment for power distribution Switches, cut-outs, lightning resistant equipment and voltage regulators are just some of the reliable distribution devices we supply, and make a genuine contribution to the maintenance and efficiency of power supply equipment. UHV gas bushings made by NGK Insulators. NGK Insulators produces a range of switches. Contamination test of a UHV bushing shell. Power Business 11 Supplying the world with people-friendly, environment-friendly, advanced technologies. As more and more priority is placed on ensuring sustainable use of resources, manufacturing industries will face ever greater demand for technologies. At NGK Insulators, we continue to develop technologies aimed not just at enabling people to live in comfort, but also at taking care of our planet to create societies where natural resources are used sustainably. For example, by making products that help automobiles and industries become more eco-friendly, our company contributes to the comfortable and abundant lives we enjoy. We always endeavor to use our unique fine ceramic technologies to help overcome challenges to the earth’s environment. We are proud that our pioneering work and reliability is now recognized the world over. 12 CORPORATE PROFILE Substrates for automobile catalytic converters HONEYCERAM R ○ NGK Insulators’ fine ceramic technology Appreciated by worldwide automobile manufacturers HONEYCERAM is a ceramic catalyst carrier, which neutralizes the harmful substances in automobile exhaust. HONEYCERAM’s honeycomb design results in a large surface area — the area that comes into contact with exhaust — with a very compact installation. In fact, the coating of gas-purifying catalyst total surface on a palm-size HONEYCERAM would cover an area equivalent to two soccer grounds. For maximum exhaust gas cleaning efficiency, HONEYCERAM was designed with minimum weight and wall thickness: the 0.05 mm walls minimize loss of engine power. The remarkable properties of cordierite ceramics — of which HONEYCERAM is — enable it to withstand the high temperatures as well as sudden and sharp temperature changes of exhaust gas with ease. HONEYCERAM Large-size HONEYCERAM (LSH) Square-cell HONEYCERAM (left) and hexagonal. HONEYCERAM for gasoline-powered vehicles (left) and LSH. With a choice of square or hexagonal cell configurations (the latter being highly effective in conserving the volume of catalyst used), HONEYCERAM is used by auto manufacturers worldwide. Total production of HONEYCERAM recently exceeded 1.2 billion units (2014). Designed for large diesel vehicles, this model of HONEYCERAM carries catalyst that removes the nitrogen oxide (NOx) contained in diesel exhaust gas. Ceramic Products Business 13 Diesel particulate filters Gasoline particulate filters NOx sensors Makes easy-on-the-environment diesel vehicles even cleaner, and helps with exhaust gas regulation requirements. Diesel vehicles are very popular, especially in Europe, because they are fuel efficient and have low carbon dioxide emissions. As the world hurries to regulate diesel exhaust gas, we at NGK Insulators have been busy developing a range of state-of-the-art products designed to satisfy those new standards. Our diesel particulate filters make effective use of porous ceramic filter technology to catch particulate matter in their tiny holes. As the only manufacturer to mass-produce two kinds of Diesel particulate filters , cordierite and silicon carbide, we use our ceramic technologies to support the further evolution of diesel vehicles. Our NOx sensors can detect nitrogen oxides (NOx) in exhaust gas in ppm (parts per million) order, ensuring high accuracy measurement. Diesel particulate filters / Gasoline particulate filters Lightweight cordierite filters (both sides of the photograph) are used mainly in trucks, buses, construction machinery and other large vehicles, while the more heat-resistant silicon carbide filters (center of the photograph) are used in passenger cars.NGK Insulators also offers a dedicated filter for gasoline direct-injection engine. 14 CORPORATE PROFILE NOx sensors The first sensors in the world to detect the concentration of NOx in a vehicle in real time. Our NOx sensors are consist of ZrO2 elements and use the oxygen pumping technology. Industrial processing products Groundbreaking ceramic technologies for industries hungry for innovation. Heating devices, kilns and refractries Our high-precision, energy-efficient heating technologies, which were honed over long years of experience in producing ceramics, have enabled us to develop a tremendous line-up heating devices and refractries. These are widely used in all sorts of industries, from the cutting edge (solar cells and lithium ion batteries) to the traditional (pottery). Fine ceramic water purifier C1 Low-level radioactive waste treatment systems At NGK Insulators, we design, build and assess low-level radioactive waste treatment plants. Our treatment equipment is used at nuclear facilities throughout Japan, and is rated highly for their outstanding dust removal performance and steadfast safety. What is more, they make a real contribution to waste reduction. Atmosphere-controlled roller hearth kiln for firing powdered materials. A burnable solid waste incinerator. Ceramic membranes & separators Corrosion-resistant equipment and systems At NGK Insulators, we are skilled in advanced membrane engineering using all kinds of separation membranes. Our highly efficient separating systems are prized for use in a range of applications, including the purification of water for use in pharmaceutical production, food and beverage filtration and the treatment of wastewater and gas in chemical and electronics plants. Filters for valuable materials A large ceramic membrane recovering devices. for water purification. We produce a large range of corrosion-resistant items, including pumps and valves that work in hot acid and organic solvents, as well as glass linings that prevent electrostatic charges and ensure safety. These are used in the chemical, pharmaceutical and metal industries, as well as many others besides. Glass-lined desorption blades. Ceramic Products Business 15 Faster, smaller and more stylish: Expanding the horizons of electronic possibilities. From computers and mobile phones to household appliances and cars, electronics are an ever bigger part of our daily lives. We at NGK Insulators strive to apply our advanced ceramic technologies to continually increase the possibilities of other, rapidly evolving technologies in the pursuit of ever greater convenience and performance. Our mission is to expand the horizon of what is possible in the world of electronics by developing new and ground-breaking technologies such as components that revolutionize the semiconductor manufacturing process and other products to further propel electric and electronic devices into the future. 16 CORPORATE PROFILE Ceramics for semiconductor manufacturing equipment High-performance fine ceramics are revolutionizing semiconductor production. Fine ceramics boast outstanding heat resistance, corrosion resistance and durability. We at NGK Insulators leverage these qualities to make a range of ceramic products for use on the semiconductor line, where their stability of performance is ideal for an environment where they are exposed to hit corrosive gases and plasma. Molded and fired using our original hot pressing method, our fine ceramics contain virtually no impurities which may adversely affect the semiconductors. The high-purity, ultra-fine crystals have outstanding insulated resistance properties, and serve to improve semiconductor productivity. In addition to electrostatic chucks and ceramic heaters, we also make aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and silicon nitride chamber components for a range of applications. Electrostatic chucks These are used in etching and other processes for the adsorptive immobilization of silicon wafers. At NGK Insulators, we are able to adapt electrostatic chucks to suit their intended use to exponentially improve the semiconductor production process. For instance, we can integrate them with high-precision heaters and attach cooling plates. Ceramic heaters These are used to keep the temperature of silicon wafers constant during the membrane formation process. Our unique heater structure sees a shaft attached to the underside of the heated stage on which wafers are placed. This way, we can protect terminals and conducting wires from halogen gas. Electronics Business 17 Ceramics for electric and electronic machinery Our unique, high-precision ceramic technologies push electronics further into the future. Bonded wafers Bonded wafers are substrates for electronic devices developed by proprietary bonding technologies and ultra-high-precision wafer polishing technologies that have cultivated in ceramics business. Combining different materials enables bonded wafers to deliver performance and functionality that cannot be achieved with wafers made from a single material. Ceramic package / Functional circuit boards NGK ELECTRONICS DEVICES, INC. manufactures and sells electronic components such as ceramic packages (pictured at top-left) for high-frequency devices which hold the world's top share, crystal packages (bottom-left), optical communication packages, and insulated circuit boards for power semiconductors. 18 CORPORATE PROFILE Translucent alumina ceramics HICERAM R ○ HICERAM’s characteristic translucence is achieved by sintering high-purity alumina ceramics to high density. HICERAM arc tubes are used as element substrates for Light Emitting Diode (LED) devices and as high-intensity discharge lamps in large spaces such as outdoor facilities, commercial complexes and factories. Electronic components for communication devices By concentrating our ceramic multilayer technology and high-frequency circuit design technology, SOSHIN ELECTRIC CO., LTD., an NGK affiliate, manufactures and sells products such as multilayered dielectric filters and couplers which are used at increasingly diversified base stations for mobile communications. Beryllium copper Superior strength, fatigue resistance and spring performance help make electronic devices smaller, lighter and more reliable. By adding a small percentage of beryllium to copper, the resulting alloy adds the strength and durability of special steel to copper’s characteristic heat and electrical conductivity. Strip and fine wires made from beryllium copper alloy are resistant to fatigue and have a long service life, making this the ideal material for reliable conductive springs and contact points in a broad range of applications, including mobile phones, household appliances, cars and industrial machinery. Here, the alloy makes a big contribution to improving reliability while reducing product size and weight. Here at NGK Insulators, we have beryllium copper alloy production, processing and sales bases in the USA, Europe and Asia, where advanced production technologies and uncompromising quality control create products that have become sought after by the world’s industries. Strip & Fine wire Rod, Tube & Plate A variety of products to suit all kinds of needs. An undersea communication cable repeater. From 0.045mm sheets and coils to bars and wire of a mere 0.05mm in diameter, we can provide the right alloy mix to suit your needs. Beryllium copper alloys boast outstanding strength, conductivity, fatigue resistance and high temperature characteristics, workability and resistance to corrosion. In addition to rods and plates, we are able to process beryllium copper alloys to any required form. Our alloy products leverage the benefits of beryllium copper for use in a range variety of applications requiring impeccable reliability. These include repeaters used to connect undersea communication cables, aircraft and oil drilling machinery. Electronics Business 19 We create new global standards for a better world and a better future. At NGK Insulators, we conduct research and development in the fields of energy, ecology and electronics as part of our mission to address the challenges facing our societies, meet new global needs and discover new possibilities for ceramics. Through our broad-ranging research into ceramic material and our unrivalled analytical, evaluation and production technology, we strive to create the kind of products that will set new global standards and spark further innovation. 20 CORPORATE PROFILE Research & development Subnano-ceramic membranes Ceramic filters have proven their performance and reliability in cuttingedge fields such as the pharmaceutical and chemical sectors. At NGK Insulators, we have further improved on their performance with the development of subnano-ceramic membranes, which are able to separate specific liquids from mixed liquids and specific gases from gas mixtures. These next- generation films, in which membranes with holes no more than a nanometer (a billionth of a meter) in diameter are created on ceramic base material a meter long and 18 cm in diameter, make possible a revolutionary separation process that has the potential to deliver tremendous energy and cost savings. Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) modules Fuel cells, which generate electricity using hydrogen and oxygen, have garnered a great amount of attention as a source of clean energy. SOFC is highly regarded as the most efficient nextgeneration power system. Here at NGK Insulators, we are involved in the development of ceramic SOFC modules, which are the core power-generating components in SOFCs. Our proprietary, all-ceramic design delivers both long-lasting durability and highly efficient energy production. Wafer products for electronic devices NGK Insulators has created highperformance wafer products by combining proprietary technologies for bonding different materials, crystal layer formation, and the processing of thin plate for singlecrystal substrates. These wafers will further revolutionize fields with the potential to grow such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and high-speed wireless communications devices. NGK Insulators has already successfully developed gallium nitride (GaN) wafers, which offer dramatically improved luminous efficiency for LED light sources, and large-diameter HICERAM ○ wafers (made with translucent alumina ceramics), which have the potential to replace sapphire wafers. R Chip-type ceramic secondary batteries The all-solid-state batteries, safer and more reliable than conventional lithium-ion batteries, are expected to be the next generation batteries. Our chip-type ceramic secondary batteries, developed with NGK’s original crystalline orientation technology, are ultra-thin (only 0.2 mm thick) with high energy density. These all-solid-state batteries can run even at high temperatures up to 120°C. They also can be mounted on circuit boards adjacent to semiconductors, thus contributing to the further miniaturization of next-generation devices such as wearable devices that are anticipated to grow more common in the future. Research & Development 21 China Taking our unrivalled technology and quality to the world. NGK’s reliable global network of partners. NGK has production and sales bases worldwide and offers state-of-the-art technologies and top-quality products. NGK TECHNOCERA SUZHOU UK France NGK CERAMICS SUZHOU NGK INSULATORS TANGSHAN Belgium Poland Germany Italy South Korea China India Europe Thailand UAE NGK CERAMICS (THAILAND) CO.,LTD. ( Production start in 2018) As a truly global company, we are committed to leveraging our network to contribute to the betterment of the whole world. Indonesia Asia NGK BERYLCO FRANCE South Africa 22 CORPORATE PROFILE NGK CERAMICS EUROPE Africa NGK CERAMICS INDONESIA NGK CERAMICS POLSKA NGK CERAMICS SOUTH AFRICA SIAM NGK TECHNOCERA Japan http://www.ngk.co.jp/english/ 2-56 Suda-cho, Mizuho, Nagoya 467-8530, Japan America Canada USA LOCKE INSULATORS Mexico NGK INSULATORS, LTD. NGK-LOCKE POLYMER INSULATORS Australia NGK CERAMICS USA Oceania NGK STANGER … Production Bases … Sales Bases FM INDUSTRIES NGK CERAMICS MEXICO NGK METALS CORPORATION NGK Insulators sites, main office, branch & sales offices Nagoya Site, Tokyo Main Office, Osaka Branch, Chita Site, Komaki Site, Ishikawa Plant, Sapporo Sales Office, Sendai Sales Office, Hokuriku Sales Office Hiroshima Sales Office, Takamatsu Sales Office, Fukuoka Sales Office Japan ENERGY SUPPORT CORPORATION / AKECHI INSULATORS, LTD. IKEBUKURO HORO KOGYO CO., LTD. / NGK CHEM-TECH, LTD. NGK FILTECH, LTD. / NGK ADREC CO., LTD. NGK KILNTECH CORPORATION / HEISEI CERAMICS CO., LTD. SOSHIN ELECTRIC CO., LTD. / NGK CERAMIC DEVICE CO., LTD. NGK ELECTRONICS DEVICES, INC. / NGK OKHOTSK, LTD. NGK METEX CORPORATION / NGK FINE MOLDS, LTD. TAJIMI COUNTRY CLUB CO., LTD. NGK SPORTS PLANNING CO., LTD. / NGK LIFE CO., LTD. NGK YU-SERVICE CO., LTD. / NGK BUILDING SERVICE, LTD. NGK LOGISTICS, LTD. Overseas America LOCKE INSULATORS, INC. NGK-LOCKE INC. NGK-LOCKE POLYMER INSULATORS, INC. NGK CERAMICS USA, INC. NGK AUTOMOTIVE CERAMICS USA, INC. FM INDUSTRIES, INC. NGK ELECTRONICS USA, INC. NGK METALS CORPORATION NGK INSULATORS OF CANADA, LTD. NGK CERAMICS MEXICO, S. DE R.L. DE C.V. Europe, Africa NGK BERYLCO U.K. LTD. NGK CERAMICS EUROPE S.A. NGK EUROPE GMBH NGK ITALY S.R.L. NGK DEUTSCHE BERYLCO GMBH NGK BERYLCO FRANCE NGK CERAMICS POLSKA SP. Z O.O. NGK CERAMICS SOUTH AFRICA(PTY)LTD. Asia, Oceania NGK INSULATORS TANGSHAN CO., LTD. NGK INSULATORS (CHINA) INVESTMENT CO., LTD. NGK CERAMICS SUZHOU CO., LTD. NGK TECHNOCERA SUZHOU CO., LTD. NGK AUTOMOTIVE CERAMICS KOREA CO.,LTD. P.T. NGK CERAMICS INDONESIA SIAM NGK TECHNOCERA CO., LTD. NGK CERAMICS (THAILAND) CO., LTD. NGK TECHNOLOGIES INDIA PVT. LTD. NGK STANGER PTY. LTD. Global Network 23 Printed in Japan This document is printed on FSC certified paper using environmentally-considerate plant-derived ink and water-less printing methods. NAS and HONEYCERAM, HICERAM are trademarks of NGK INSULATORS,LTD., registered in the U.S. 1512 1.5K