Possibly Useful Information
Physics 1150
General Conversions and Constants:
1000 m = 1 km = 0.62mi
1 Hz = 1 cycle/sec
1 Liter = 1000 cm3 1 Newton (N) = 1 kg  m/sec
1mile = 1609m
1in = 2.54cm
area of a sphere = 4r2
1 atom mass unit (u) = 1.67X10-27kg
g = 10 (m/sec)/sec
area of a circle = r2
c = 3X108 m/sec
kilo(k) = 103 mega(M) = 106
giga(G) = 109
tera(T) =1012
centi = 10-2
micro() = 10-6
nano(n) = 10-9
milli(m) = 10-3
sec
pico(p) = 10-12
Energy and Power Units:
Unit
Joule
calorie
Calorie
BTU
Quad
Therm
kWhr
BOE
Megaton
eV
Definition
energy gained if 1 newton acts over 1 meter
energy needed to raise 1 gram of 1 water 1 oC
Dietary calorie – 1000 calories
British Thermal Unit - energy needed to raise 1 lb of water 1 oF
1 Quadrillion (1015) BTU
100,000 BTU
Kilowatt-hour – energy from 1000 watts of power over 1 hours
Barrel of Oil Equivalent – amount of energy in a barrel of oil
Energy form explosion of million tons of TNT
Electron-Volt – energy of 1 electron after passing through a potential of 1 volt
Unit
Watts
HP
Definition
Power of 1 joule per second
Horsepower – power from the average horse
Joules
1.0
4.18
4180
1055
1018
108
3.6 X 106
6.1 X 109
4.18 X 1015
1.6 X 10-19
Watts
1.0
745.7
Mechanics:
Work / Power:
W  Fparallel x  KE
Kinetic Energy /Gravitational Potential Energy:
Energy / Conservation of Energy:
P
E
t
KE 
Weight = mg
1
mv 2
2
E  KE  GPE
GPE  mgh
E final  Einitial
Temperature, Heat & Thermodynamics:
Temperature Conversion: T(K) = T(°C) + 273
(units and constants are in straight text, variables are in italics)
T(°F) = T(°C)*9/5 + 32o
T(oC) = (T(oF) -32o)*5/9
10/31/2015
Heat via Radiation:
 = 5.67×10−8 W m−2 K−4
Intensity = Power
Iabove = S = 1364 W/m2
Area
Heat via Conduction:
k
Efficiency=  =
Ichicago = 160 W/m2
Pcond = T * area
R=  thickness
R
what you want out W TH  Tc


what you put in
QH
TH
COP(air conditioner) 
QC
TC

W TH  TC
COP(heat pump) 
QH
TH

W TH  TC
Q = Eint + W
Q=mcT
Electricity:
1 Volt = 1V 1 Ampere = 1A 1 Ohm = 1
1 Watt (W) = 1 V * 1 A
V  IR
Transformers:
max 
Prad = o**T4*area
P  VI
Plost=I2R
Vprim I prim  Vsec I sec
2.9mm K
T
v = *f = /T
Ituscon = 240 W/m2
Material
Copper
Stainless Steel
Glass
Concrete
Pine (wood)
Sheet Rock
Fiberglass Insul
Dry Air
Foam Insulation
k (W/m K)
401
14
1.0
0.8
0.11
0.10
0.048
0.026
0.024
Material
Aluminum
Stainless Steel
Glass
Concrete
Liquid Water
Ice
c (J/kg K)
901
502
753
880
4184
2050
I prim N prim  I sec N sec
Vprim
N prim

Vsec
N sec
Nuclear physics and Radiation:
Unit
Bequerel (Bq)
Curie (Ci)
Gray (Gy)
Rad
Roentgen (R)
Sivert (Sv)
Roentgen equivalent man (REM)
E = mc2
A
Z
Definition
Number of decays per second – 1 decay per second
Number of decays from 1 gram of radium – 3.7X1010 Bq
Energy absorbed by matter - 1 Joule of energy absorbed per kilogram
0.01 Gray
Radiation which ionizes 2.58X10-4 C per kg of air (~0.877Rad)
Effect of radiation on a human – Q*Gy
Effect of radiation on a human – Q*Rad (0.01 Sv)
X ZA24X  
A
Z
X Z A1X   
(units and constants are in straight text, variables are in italics)
10/31/2015