Middle Grades Science (5-9) Competency-Based Resource Bibliography
Competency/Skill
1. Conceptual and quantitative knowledge of the structure and behavior of matter
1. Analyze the physical and chemical properties of matter (e.g., mass, volume, density,
chemical reactivity).
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/mass.html
http://math.com/tables/geometry/volumes.htm
http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/120Adensity.html
http://www.cem.msu.edu/~reusch/VirtualText/react1.htm
2. Distinguish between the states of matter.
http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/atoms/states.html
http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_plasma.html
3. Apply knowledge of the gas laws.
http://legacyweb.chemistry.ohio-state.edu/betha/nealGasLaw/
4. Identify the major discoveries in the development of the atomic theory.
http://atomictimeline.net/
http://hi.fi.tripod.com/timeline/timeline.htm
5. Identify the characteristics of elements, compounds, and mixtures.
http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/atoms/elements.html
http://www.chemicalelements.com/
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-chemical-compound.htm
http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/106Amixture.html
6. Apply knowledge of symbols, formulas, and equations for common elements and
compounds (e.g., acids, bases, salts, carbon compounds) and their reactions.
http://richardbowles.tripod.com/chemistry/balance.htm
http://www.shodor.org/unchem/advanced/redox/index.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redox
7. Identify characteristics and functions of the components of an atom.
http://www.nyu.edu/pages/mathmol/textbook/atoms.html
http://education.jlab.org/atomtour/
8. Identify chemical or physical properties of elements based on their placement on the
periodic table.
http://www.webelements.com/
http://www.periodictable.com/
9. Identify characteristics of types of chemical bonding (e.g., covalent, ionic, metallic,
hydrogen).
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/5-bonds.htm
http://www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/bonding/metallic.html
http://dl.clackamas.cc.or.us/ch104-08/metallic.htm
http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/161Ahydrogenbond.html
10. Identify types of chemical reactions and their characteristics.
http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=54
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/6-react.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction
2. Conceptual and quantitative knowledge of forces and motion
1. Differentiate between the types and characteristics of contact forces and forces acting over a
distance, and their interactions.
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/electric/elevol.html
http://www-istp.gsfc.nasa.gov/Education/Imagnet.html
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/sun/Solar_interior/Nuclear_Reactions/Nuclear_forces/s
trong.html
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/forces/funfor.html
http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/history/newtongrav.html
http://regentsprep.org/regents/physics/phys01/friction/default.htm
2. Identify applications of Newton's laws of motion.
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Newt.html
http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/history/newton3laws.html
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/newtlaws/
3. Solve problems involving force and motion.
http://library.thinkquest.org/10796/ch4/ch4.htm
4. Identify types, characteristics, and properties of waves (e.g., sound, electromagnetic,
seismic, water).
http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/waves/partsOfAWave/waveParts.htm
http://www.mediacollege.com/audio/01/sound-waves.html
http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/science/know_l1/emspectrum.html
http://www.geo.mtu.edu/UPSeis/waves.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_wave
5. Identify characteristics of wave phenomena (e.g., intensity, refraction, interference, Doppler
effect, wave-particle duality) as they apply to real-world situations.
http://physics.info/intensity/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refraction
http://www.coastal.udel.edu/ngs/waves.html
http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/waves/interference/intrfrnc.html
http://archive.ncsa.illinois.edu/Cyberia/Bima/doppler.html
http://www.lon-capa.org/~mmp/applist/doppler/d.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave–particle_duality
6. Identify origins, characteristics, and examples of electricity.
http://www.sciencemadesimple.com/static.html
http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter03.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current
http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter04.html
7. Identify types of magnets and characteristics of magnetic fields.
http://www.coolmagnetman.com/magtypes.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field
8. Apply knowledge of magnets and magnetic fields to real-world situations (e.g., generators,
solenoids).
http://www.physics.sjsu.edu/becker/physics51/mag_field.htm
http://new.wvic.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9&Itemid=46
http://mechatronics.mech.northwestern.edu/design_ref/actuators/solenoids.html
10. Identify characteristics of motion as they apply to real-world situations (e.g., speed, velocity,
acceleration, linear and angular momentum).
http://physics.info/velocity/
http://physics.info/acceleration/
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/amom.html
3. Conceptual and quantitative knowledge of energy and its effects
1. Differentiate between forms of energy and their transformations.
http://www.nmsea.org/Curriculum/Primer/forms_of_energy.htm
http://www.energyeducation.tx.gov/energy/section_1/topics/forms_of_energy/index.html
2. Relate energy to transitions between states of matter.
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/2-matter.htm
http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=120
3. Distinguish between temperature, heat, and thermal energy.
http://www.theweatherprediction.com/habyhints/39/
http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/mechanics/energy/heatAndTemperature/heatAndTempe
rature.html
http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/temperature.htm
4. Distinguish between the types of thermal energy transfer (e.g., radiation, conduction,
convection).
http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=SCE304
http://www.mansfieldct.org/schools/mms/staff/hand/convcondrad.htm
http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/light_lessons/thermal/transfer.html
5. Apply the laws of thermodynamics to real-world situations.
http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=46
http://www.saskschools.ca/curr_content/chem30/modules/module3/lesson2/lesson2.html
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookEner1.html
6. Differentiate between potential and kinetic energy.
http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/kids/energy.cfm?page=about_forms_of_energy-forms
http://library.thinkquest.org/2745/data/ke.htm
7. Identify characteristics of nuclear reactions.
http://www.atomicarchive.com/Fission/Fission1.shtml
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/HBASE/nucene/fission.html
http://www.atomicarchive.com/Fusion/Fusion1.shtml
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/HBASE/NucEne/fusion.html
8. Identify the regions of the electromagnetic spectrum and energy associated with each.
http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/science/know_l1/emspectrum.html
http://www.lbl.gov/MicroWorlds/ALSTool/EMSpec/EMSpec2.html
9. Identify the use of light and optics in real-world applications (e.g., optical instruments,
communication).
http://www.lightandmatter.com/area1book5.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics
10. Solve problems involving energy, work, power, mechanical advantage, and efficiency.
http://www.physics247.com/physics-homework-help/index.shtml
http://www.purchon.com/physics/efficiency.htm
http://www.edinformatics.com/math_science/simple_machines/mechanical_advantage.htm
http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/machines_advantage.htm
11. Apply the laws of conservation of mass and energy to chemical reactions, nuclear
reactions, physical processes, and biological processes.
http://www.scienceclarified.com/Ci-Co/Conservation-Laws.html
http://science.jrank.org/pages/1728/Conservation-Laws-Conservation-energy-mass.html
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Sciences/Chemistry/Generalchemistry/Energy/LawofCons
ervation/LawofConservation.htm
12. Identify types, characteristics, and measurement of electrical quantities.
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_1/chpt_2/1.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power
13. Apply knowledge of currents, circuits, conductors, insulators, and resistors to real-world
situations.
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_1/chpt_7/1.html
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/CLASS/circuits/
14. Solve mathematical problems involving current, voltage, power, and energy in direct current
(DC) circuits.
http://www.angelfire.com/ri/dcvoltage/powerwatts.html
http://electrical-engineering.suite101.com/article.cfm/watts_law
4. Knowledge of Earth and the processes that affect it
1. Relate surface and subsurface geologic processes to the movement of tectonic plates.
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/interior/plate_tectonics.html
http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/tectonic.html
http://www.platetectonics.com/
2. Trace the development of the theory of continental drift to the current theory of plate
tectonics.
3. Identify characteristics of geologic structures and the mechanisms by which they are formed.
http://www.salemstate.edu/~lhanson/gls210/gls210_struct.htm
http://courses.missouristate.edu/EMantei/creative/glg110/GeoStruct.html
http://www.learner.org/resources/series78.html?pop=yes&pid=312#
4. Identify the evidence used to define geologic eras (e.g., geologic events, biotic factors,
abiotic factors).
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibits/geologictime.php
http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Glossary/geo_time_scale.html
5. Apply methods for determining geologic age (e.g., law of superposition, radioactive decay,
relative dating).
http://online.wr.usgs.gov/outreach/geoAge/geoAgeIndex.html
http://pumice.pdx.edu/201/Chapter_8_19.pdf
6. Interpret various charts and models (e.g., topographic, geologic, weather).
http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/topo/topo.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologic_map
http://www.weathermap.us/
7. Identify the characteristics of ocean currents and how they influence weather patterns.
http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/currents/welcome.html
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Water/ocean_currents.html
http://www.ehow.com/about_6137502_do-currents-affect-inland-weather_.html
8. Identify features of Florida’s geology and its formation.
http://www.dep.state.fl.us/geology/
9. Identify the major processes of formation and properties of rocks, minerals, and fossils.
http://www.rocksforkids.com/RFK/howrocks.html
http://www.fi.edu/fellows/fellow1/oct98/create/
http://www.rocksandminerals.com/hardness/mohs.htm
http://www.mrsciguy.com/rocks.html
10. Distinguish between the processes of weathering, erosion, and deposition and their
products.
http://www.teachersdomain.org/resource/ess05.sci.ess.earthsys.erosion/
http://www.nature.nps.gov/geology/usgsnps/misc/gweaero.html
http://www.mrsciguy.com/weathering.html
http://www.geo.ua.edu/intro03/seds.html
11. Identify the characteristics and functions of the atmospheric layers.
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Atmosphere/layers.html
http://www.eoearth.org/article/Atmosphere_layers
12. Relate atmospheric conditions to weather.
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Atmosphere/clouds/cloud_types.html
http://www.theweatherprediction.com/habyhints/18/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weather_forecasting
13. Identify the factors that contribute to the climate of a geographic area.
http://www.ace.mmu.ac.uk/eae/Climate/Older/Mountains.html
http://www.aph.gov.au/library/Pubs/ClimateChange/whyClimate/naturalClimate/continental.htm
14. Identify the movement of water in the hydrologic cycle, including sources of water, types of
precipitation, and causes of condensation.
http://www.iwr.msu.edu/edmodule/water/cycle.htm
http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=99
15. Analyze ways in which earth and water interact (e.g., soil absorption, runoff, leaching,
groundwater, karst topography).
http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/env99/env165.htm
http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/runoff.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaching_(agriculture)
http://www.groundwater.org/kc/whatis.html
http://geography.about.com/od/physicalgeography/a/karst.htm
16. Identify various forms of water storage (e.g., aquifers, reservoirs, water sheds).
http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/earthgwaquifer.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reservoir
http://www.dep.state.fl.us/water/watersheds/
17. Analyze interactions between the atmosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and
cryosphere and the effects of these interactions.
http://csc.gallaudet.edu/soarhigh/espheres.html
http://www.cotf.edu/ete/ESS/ESSspheres.html
5. Knowledge of space science
1. Identify consequences of Earth's motions and orientation (e.g., seasons, tides, lunar
phases).
http://www.crh.noaa.gov/fsd/astro/season.php
http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/tides/tides02_cause.html
http://www.moonconnection.com/moon_phases.phtml
2. Identify the properties of stars and the factors that affect their evolutionary patterns.
http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com/startype.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_classification
http://www.astronomytoday.com/cosmology/evol.html
3. Identify devices and techniques for collecting and analyzing data about stars and other
celestial objects.
http://www.nasa.gov/worldbook/star_worldbook.html
http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/doppler.htm
4. Explain the role of space exploration and its impact on technological advances.
http://www.allsands.com/science/spaceexploratio_vfv_gn.htm
http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/1945142/the_importance_of_space_exploration.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_exploration
5. Identify the components of the solar system (e.g., Kuiper belt, Oort cloud), their
characteristics, how they interact (e.g., solar winds, impacts, gravitation attraction), and how
they evolve.
http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=KBOs
http://www.solarviews.com/eng/kuiper.htm
6. Evaluate celestial objects in order to determine formation, age, location, characteristics, and
evolution.
http://www.star.le.ac.uk/edu/twn/types.html
http://hubblesite.org/hubble_discoveries/discovering_planets_beyond/how-do-planets-form
http://hubpages.com/hub/Characteristics-of-Each-Planet
http://www.extremescience.com/zoom/index.php/space/35-space-science/77-about-the-moon
6. Knowledge of processes of life
1. Identify the relationships between biological and chemical processes (e.g., cellular
respiration, ATP energy transfer) necessary for life.
http://waynesword.palomar.edu/chemid1.htm
http://chemistry.about.com/od/generalchemistry/a/gedreview_3.htm
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/CellularRespiration.html
http://www.biologyinmotion.com/atp/index.html
2. Compare prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
http://www.life.umd.edu/classroom/bsci424/BSCI223WebSiteFiles/ProkaryoticvsEukaryotic.htm
http://www.cod.edu/PEOPLE/FACULTY/FANCHER/ProkEuk.htm
https://www.etap.org/demo/biology1/instruction3tutor.html
3. Relate cell organelles to their functions.
http://www.tvdsb.on.ca/westmin/science/sbi3a1/cells/cells.htm
http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm
4. Identify the sequence of events, the significance of the process, and the consequences of
irregularities during mitosis and meiosis.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/miracle/divide.html
http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm
http://www.cellsalive.com/meiosis.htm
5. Apply principles of Mendelian genetics to monohybrid and dihybrid crosses and crosses
involving linked genes.
http://www.ndsu.edu/pubweb/~mcclean/plsc431/mendel/mendel1.htm
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/mendelian_genetics/mendelian_genetics.html
6. Apply principles of human genetics, including relationships between genotypes and
phenotypes and causes and effects of disorders.
http://www.genome.gov/11508982
http://www.uic.edu/classes/bms/bms655/lesson9.html
7. Analyze the genetic code and roles of DNA and RNA in replication and protein synthesis.
http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=ap1302
http://www.brookscole.com/chemistry_d/templates/student_resources/shared_resources/anima
tions/protein_synthesis/protein_synthesis.html
8. Classify organisms based on the levels of biological taxonomy.
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookDivers_class.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_classification
9. Identify characteristics of viruses, bacteria, protists, and fungi.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism
http://www.clihouston.com/knowledge-base/types-of-microorganisms.html
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/alllife/virus.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria
http://www.biologycorner.com/bio1/protista.html
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/fungi/fungi.html
10. Differentiate between structures and functions of plant and animal cells and their
organelles.
http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/3dcell.htm
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/plant-cell-vs-animal-cell.html
11. Identify plant structures and their functions.
http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/labs/plantanatomy.htm
http://www.amnh.org/learn/biodiversity_counts/ident_help/Parts_Plants/parts_of_flower.htm
12. Identify the major steps of plant processes (e.g., photosynthesis, respiration, electron
transport, transpiration, reproduction).
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Courses/Bio104/photosyn.htm
http://extension.oregonstate.edu/mg/botany/respire.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_transport_chain
http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watercycletranspiration.html
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookflowers.html
http://www.biologyreference.com/Re-Se/Reproduction-in-Plants.html
13. Identify the processes of animal physiology (e.g., digestion, respiration).
http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/yrdd/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_system
14. Identify the structures and functions of the organs and organ systems of various kinds of
animals, including humans.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/organs_anatomy.shtml
http://www.innerbody.com/htm/body.html
15. Analyze behaviors and adaptations of animals and plants that enable them to survive.
http://zoology.suite101.com/article.cfm/territorial_behavior_in_animals
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_communication
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/L/LearnedBehavior.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instinct
http://www.mbgnet.net/bioplants/adapt.html
16. Interpret cell theory and how its discovery relates to the process of science.
http://www.bio.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/unity/cell.text.htm
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-cell-theory.htm
17. Identify how evolution is supported by the fossil record, comparative anatomy, embryology,
biogeography, molecular biology, genetics, and observed change.
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_01
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-fossil-record.htm
http://www.ridgenet.net/~do_while/sage/v8i6f.htm
http://www.nyu.edu/projects/fitch/courses/evolution/html/embryology.html
http://www.nyu.edu/projects/fitch/courses/evolution/html/geographic_distribution.html
http://www.sparknotes.com/biology/evolution/evidence/section4.rhtml
http://atheism.about.com/od/evolutionexplained/a/GeneticsMutationsDNA.htm
18. Evaluate the roles of adaptation, genetic variation, mutation, and extinction in natural
selection.
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_25
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_selection
http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/biology/evolution/genetics/naturalselection.html
19. Interpret the impact of biotechnology on the individual, society, and the environment,
including medical and ethical issues.
http://www.accessexcellence.org/RC/AB/IE/Biotechnologys_Impact.php
http://www.faqs.org/nutrition/Ar-Bu/Biotechnology.html
7. Knowledge of the effects of physical and biological factors on the environment
1. Identify components and sequences of biogeochemical cycles (e.g., carbon, oxygen,
hydrogen, nitrogen).
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Water/co2_cycle.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_cycle
http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hydrogen_cycle
http://www.eoearth.org/article/Nitrogen_cycle
2. Identify issues related to the development, use, and conservation of natural resources.
http://www.ehow.com/how_2163917_conserve-natural-resources.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_resource
3. Relate environmental factors and their impact on the adaptation and survival rates of
organisms.
http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/effects/eco_animals.html
http://www.slideshare.net/sacklax40/human-impact-on-the-environment-presentation
4. Identify the major characteristics of world biomes and communities, including succession
and interrelationships of organisms.
http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/world_biomes.htm
http://www.nsm.iup.edu/rwinstea/succession.shtm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_succession
5. Identify how biotic and abiotic factors influence ecosystems.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overpopulation
http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/ozone-depletionoverview.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozone_depletion
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect
6. Identify interactions between microorganisms and the environment.
http://www.slic2.wsu.edu:82/hurlbert/micro101/pages/Chap20.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_cycle
7. Identify the effects of homeostasis on the survivability of an organism.
http://www.biology-online.org/4/1_physiological_homeostasis.htm
http://www.biology4kids.com/files/systems_regulation.html
8. Relate the interactions of biotic and abiotic factors to the flow of energy and biomass within a
system.
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/F/FoodChains.html
http://www.learner.org/courses/essential/life/session7/closer5.html
http://www.marietta.edu/~biol/102/ecosystem.html
9. Identify the relationship between natural factors and human activities as they affect Florida's
ecosystems.
http://www.fnps.org/pages/plants/vegtypes.php
http://www.nwf.org/Wildlife/Wild-Places/Everglades.aspx
http://sofia.usgs.gov/virtual_tour/kids/ecosys.html
http://www.ehow.com/how_7506476_south-florida-ecosystem.html
8. Knowledge of the science learning environment
1. Identify legal and ethical requirements for proper use, care, handling, and disposal of
organisms.
http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/asds/
http://www.usask.ca/education/coursework/mcvittiej/resources/livingthings/animals.htm
2. Identify the safe and appropriate techniques used in the preparation, storage, dispensing,
and supervision of materials used in science instruction.
http://www.chem.unl.edu/safety/hslabcon.html
http://staff.tuhsd.k12.az.us/gfoster/standard/labeq3.htm
3. Identify appropriate substitutions for materials and activities necessary for effective science
instruction.
http://staff.tuhsd.k12.az.us/gfoster/standard/labeq.htm
http://www.washington.edu/doit/Stem/articles?6
4. Identify the federal and state legal requirements for safe preparation, use, storage, and
disposal of chemicals and other materials.
http://www.dep.state.fl.us/waste/quick_topics/publications/shw/hazardous/SC/SCC_Manual.pdf
http://www.fedcenter.gov/_kd/go.cfm?destination=Page&dialog=0&pge_id=1733
5. Use multiple assessment tools and strategies to identify and address student
misconceptions.
http://www.eskimo.com/~billb/miscon/opphys.html
http://undsci.berkeley.edu/teaching/misconceptions.php
6. Select appropriate strategies for teaching scientific inquiry.
http://www.ngsp.com/Portals/0/downloads/SCL22-0439A_AM_Lederman.pdf
http://scene.asu.edu/habitat/inquiry.html
7. Identify appropriate technological tools that facilitate the learning of science.
http://hubpages.com/hub/Tools_of_the_Life_Scientists_
http://www.ehow.co.uk/how_2044409_select-science-supplies.html
9. Knowledge of process skills and application of scientific inquiry
1. Apply appropriate scientific process skills to observe and analyze natural phenomena and
communicate findings.
http://www.scribd.com/doc/5567816/Science-Process-Skills
2. Apply scientific inquiry, including scientific methods, to investigations.
http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_scientific_method.shtml
3. Apply knowledge of mathematics and technology to scientific investigation.
http://www.chymist.com/Measurement.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_method
4. Compare the methods used in the pursuit of a scientific investigation as applied in different
fields of science such as geology, astronomy, physics, and biology.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_method
5. Identify the traits of scientists and how they affect the development of scientific knowledge.
http://www.slideshare.net/alchemist/think-like-a-scientist-presentation
http://www.adherents.com/people/100_scientists.html
6. Identify the assumptions of scientific knowledge (e.g., durable, open to change).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paradigm_shift#Science_and_paradigm_shift
7. Identify which questions can be answered through science and which questions are outside
the boundaries of scientific investigation.
http://steve-olson.com/the-questions-science-cant-answer-yet/
8. Evaluate the impact of historical and cultural development of science on the advancement of
scientific knowledge.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_science
9. Compare the development, use, benefits, and limitations of theories, laws, hypotheses, and
models.
http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistry101/a/lawtheory.htm
10. Analyze the interdependence between scientific knowledge and economic, political, social,
and ethical concerns.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/scientific-knowledge-social/