Broadband
Specification Guide
Everything You Need to Know to
Specify a Broadband/RF System
2008
Version 5.25 • $25.95 U.S.A.
One Jake Brown Road, Old Bridge, NJ 08857
800-523-6049 • Fax: 732-679-4353
www.blondertongue.com
Broadband Specification Guide
Forward
This Broadband Specification Guide has been designed to break down a broadband system into simple
building blocks to be used when specifying an RF System for schools, prisons, sports complexes, or any
type of facility.
Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. has been in the business of manufacturing equipment for broadband
systems for over the last 50 years. We have taken that knowledge and experience to formulate this
Broadband Specification Guide especially for Specifiers, Architects and Engineers. You’ll find we use
plain English descriptions, simple to use diagrams and specification libraries to fit your broadband design
needs.
Suggestions or feedback? Simply e-mail us at feedback@blondertongue.com with the subject line of
“Broadband Specification Guide.”
Caution
The information presented in this manual is intended to be a helpful guide for the design of RF
systems. It is not intended to be applicable or suited to every circumstance which might arise during the
construction phases of RF systems.
The information and drawings contained in the manual are the exclusive property of Blonder Tongue
Laboratories, Inc, and may be reproduced, copied, or published by any means, for the purposes of
specifying, designing, or selling Blonder Tongue products. All credits to be given to Blonder Tongue, and
stock and model numbers of the products are not to be changed.
No warranty or liability is implied, nor expressed and this manual should not be construed to be a replacement for sound
judgment and experience as applied to actual field circumstances.
©2008 Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks are property of their respective owners. Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Not responsible for typographical errors.
2
2
Broadband Specification Guide
Table of Contents
How To Use This Guide.............................................................................................................................................. 4
Functional System Descriptions and Diagrams
Analog VHF Off-Air Reception.................................................................................................................................... 6
Analog UHF Off-Air Reception.................................................................................................................................... 8
Digital Off-Air Reception (8VSB) Reception - Analog Viewing................................................................................10
Digital Off-Air Reception (8VSB) - Digital Viewing (8VSB).......................................................................................12
Digital Off-Air (8VSB) Reception - Digital Viewing (QAM).......................................................................................14
Digital CATV (QAM) Reception - Analog Viewing....................................................................................................16
Digital CATV (QAM) Reception - Digital Viewing (QAM).........................................................................................18
Local Origination ......................................................................................................................................................20
Digital CATV (QAM) Reception - IP Distribution......................................................................................................22
Digital QAM Channel Generation............................................................................................................................24
EBS/ITFS (QAM) Reception - Analog Viewing..........................................................................................................26
Cable TV Feed............................................................................................................................................................28
Cherry Picking From a Cable TV Feed......................................................................................................................30
Preventing Reception of Undesired Programming on Cable TV Feed...................................................................34
Inserting a Local Origination Into a Cable TV Feed.................................................................................................36
Inserting a Local Origination Above a Cable TV Feed.............................................................................................38
Sub-Channel Return..................................................................................................................................................40
Signal From DBS (DishNetwork™) Satellite..............................................................................................................44
Coaxial Distribution...................................................................................................................................................46
Hybrid Fiber and Coax Distribution..........................................................................................................................52
High Speed Broadband Internet..............................................................................................................................54
Remote Power Reset................................................................................................................................................56
Equipment Specification Library.............................................................................................................................58
CATV Terms & Definitions........................................................................................................................................80
Frequency Charts (CATV, CATV QAM, Off-Air)........................................................................................................96
Additional Reading and Web Listings...................................................................................................................103
CD ROM & Specifier Files.......................................................................................................................................103
3
Broadband Specification Guide
How To Use This Guide
This publication has been designed to serve as a guide on how to provide signal to televisions in
commercial/industrial/educational environments. This includes:
• What are the different types of programming sources?
• H
ow to put together the proper equipment to prepare the different programming sources
for distribution?
• How to design the RF distribution networks to get the created signals to the desired TVs?
The first section is a plain English, functional description of the different sub-systems that can be
incorporated into the project. Each system is broken down into three distinct sections: “Functionality”,
“In Depth Description”, and “Functional Block Diagram”.
The Functionality section is a plain English, functional description of the different sub-systems that can be
incorporated in to the project. This is designed to give you the most basic idea of what the system will do for
the facility, and can be used to highlight the different uses of technology.
The In Depth Description builds on the information introduced in the Functionality section, but goes in to
deeper detail. An operational description is given for each item needed to make the system work. As with
any type of technical systems there are sometimes special considerations that must be considered when
designing the system, those considerations will be brought forth in this section.
The Functional Block Diagram section is a graphic representation of how the components interface with each
other. Next to the graphical representation of each component, there is a listing of all the possible items that
can perform that function. If the designer picks one component from each group, the system will have all of
the components required to operate properly, provided that all of the components are properly installed.
The second section of this publication is the specification library. Every product that is referenced in the
functional block diagrams can be found in the specification library. These are the specifications that should be
used to assemble the bid package for any of the subsystems that have been designed. The specifications are
sorted by model number for ease of look-up.
4
4
Broadband Specification Guide
Safety Instructions
Safety Instructions
You should always follow these instructions to help ensure against injury to yourself and
damage to your equipment.
➧ Read all safety and operating instructions before you operate the unit.
➧ Retain all safety and operating instructions for future reference.
➧ Heed all warnings on the unit and in the safety and operating instructions.
➧ Follow all installation, operating, and use instructions.
➧Unplug the unit from the AC power outlet before cleaning. Use only a damp cloth for cleaning the exterior
of the unit.
➧Do not use accessories or attachments not recommended by Blonder Tongue, as they may cause hazards,
and will void the warranty.
➧ Do not operate the unit in high-humidity areas, or expose it to water or moisture.
➧Do not place the unit on an unstable cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or table. The unit may fall, causing serious
personal injury and damage to the unit. Install the unit only in a mounting rack designed for 19” rackmounted equipment.
➧Do not block or cover slots and openings in the unit. These are provided for ventilation and protection
from overheating. Never place the unit near or over a radiator or heat register. Do not place the unit in an
enclosure such as a cabinet without proper ventilation. Do not mount equipment in the rack space directly
above or below the unit.
➧Operate the unit using only the type of power source indicated on the marking label. Unplug the unit power
cord by gripping the plug, not the cord.
➧The unit is equipped with a three-wire ground-type plug. This plug will fit only into a ground-type power
outlet. If you are unable to insert the plug into the outlet, contact an electrician to replace the outlet. Do
not defeat the safety purpose of the ground-type plug.
➧Route power supply cords so that they are not likely to be walked on or pinched by items placed upon or
against them. Pay particular attention to cords at plugs, convenience receptacles, and the point where they
exit from the unit.
➧Be sure that the outdoor components of the antenna system are grounded in accordance with local, federal, and
National Electrical Code (NEC) requirements. Pay special attention to NEC Sections 810 and 820.
See the example shown in the following diagram:
Satellite Dish
Ground Clamp
Coaxial Cable
from Satellite Dish
Electric Service
Equipment
Antenna Discharge Unit
(NEC Section 810-20)
Ground Clamps
Power Service
Grounding
Electrode System
(NEC Art. 250, Part H)
Grounding Conductors
(NEC Section 810-21)
5
Broadband Specification Guide
Analog VHF Off-Air Reception
Functionality
This system will allow you to distribute a local analog broadcast (standard definition) TV channel that is
available in the market. This signal can now be handed off to a traditional coaxial distribution network or a
hybrid fiber/coaxial distribution network within the facility.
There is almost no where in the continental United States that is incapable of receiving off-air broadcast signals.
Since these signals are free to the receiving party, they are often a good basis to start a coaxial distribution
plant.
In Depth Description
The TV broadcast may be from a location some distance away from the property/ reception site. The site must
have an antenna mounted on the outside of the building to receive these signals. If there is not adequate
reception to hand off to the processor, a pre-amplifier may need to be employed. Since the necessity of a
pre-amp can not be determined until a site survey is performed, it is advisable to specify a pre-amplifier, “as
required by site survey”. The pre-amplifier is mounted outside on the antenna mast, and requires a separate
power supply to be mounted inside the building to power the unit. You must make sure that a power supply
is also specified, and that it is the correct power supply for the pre-amplifier.
The processor is the piece of electronics that cleans and amplifies the signal that has been received. This
unit can convert the received channel to another channel for output onto the system, for example received
VHF channel 3 output VHF channel 7. It is common practice to convert desired local UHF channels to nonbroadcast VHF channels in the market. This is done to minimize losses in the distribution and make it easier
to construct and manage.
When the new channel is combined with other channels in the facility it must be done at the correct level
so that the signals do not damage each other. If you pick one product from each category on the next page,
you will have all of the components to ensure a working design. Once all of the products are identified, the
specifications can be looked up in the specification library at the end of this publication.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
The Federal government has set February 17, 2009 as the digital cut-off date. This means the current
simulcasting of both analog and digital HDTV/SDTV broadcasts will end and only digital broadcasts will
be available over the air.
6
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
CAUTION: Valid Until February 17, 2009 Digital Transition Deadline.
Analog VHF Off-Air Reception
A
~
~
B
#__
(ANTENNA)
- BTY-5-LB # 4866 (CH 2-6 FM SINGLE CH)
- BTY-10-HB # 4867 (CH 7-13 SINGLE CH)
- BTY-LP-LB # 4872 (CH 2-6 LOW BAND)
- BTY-LP-HB # 4871 (CH 7-13 HIGH BAND)
- BTY-LP-BB # 4874 (CH 2-13 BROADBAND)
B
(PRE-AMPLIFIER/POWER SUPPLY)
- CMA-b / PS-1526 # 4706/ 1526 (SINGLE CH)
- CMA-LB / PS-1536 # 4448-LB/1536 (2-6 LOW BAND)
- CMA-HB / PS-1536 # 4448-HB/1536 (7-13 HIGH BAND)
- CMA-BB / PS-1536 # 4448-BB/1536 (2-13 BROADBAND)
C
(PROCESSOR)
- AP-40-550B # 59802 (AGILE 40 dBmV) (OFF CH Ex 2-3)
- W/OPT 14 # 59144 (ON CHANNEL LOCK) (ON CH Ex 2-2)
D
(COMBINER)
- OC-8D COMBINER # 5957
- OC-12D COMBINER # 5953
- OC-24E COMBINER # 5794
- OC-32E COMBINER # 5795
E
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA 550-30P # 5500P53
- RMDA 750-30P # 5500P73
- RMDA 860-30P # 5500P83
- RMDA 860-43P # 5500P84
- BIDA 55A-30P # 5800P53
- BIDA 75A-30P # 5800P73
- BIDA 86A-30P # 5800P83
- BIDA 55A-43P # 5800P54
- BIDA 75A-43P # 5800P74
- BIDA 86A-43P # 5800P84
- BIDA 100A-30 # 5800-13
~
=
=
A
C
#__
D
E
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
77
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
07/16/06
WNW
AC-021605C
Broadband Specification Guide
Analog UHF Off-Air Reception
Functionality
This system will allow you to distribute a local analog broadcast (standard definition) TV channel that is
available in the market. This signal can now be handed off to a traditional coaxial distribution network or a
hybrid fiber/coaxial distribution network within the facility.
There is almost no where in the continental United States that is incapable of receiving off-air broadcast signals.
Since these signals are free to the receiving party, they are often a good basis to start a coaxial distribution
plant.
In Depth Description
The TV broadcast may be from a location some distance away from the property/ reception site. The site
must have an antenna mounted on the outside of the building to receive these signals. If there is not adequate reception to hand off to the processor, a pre-amplifier may need to be employed. Since the necessity
of a pre-amp can not be determined until a site survey is performed, it is advisable to specify a pre-amplifier,
“as required by site survey”. The pre-amplifier is mounted outside on the antenna mast, and requires
a separate power supply to be mounted inside the building to power the unit. You must make sure that a
power supply is also specified, and that it is the correct power supply for the pre-amplifier.
The processor is the piece of electronics that cleans and amplifies the signal that has been received. This
unit can convert the received channel to another channel for output onto the system, for example received
UHF channel 33 output VHF channel 7. It is common practice to convert desired local UHF channels to nonbroadcast VHF channels in the market. This is done to minimize losses in the distribution and make it easier
to construct and manage.
When the new channel is combined with other channels in the facility it must be done at the correct level
so that the signals do not damage each other. If you pick one product from each category on the next page,
you will have all of the components to ensure a working design. Once all of the products are identified, the
specifications can be looked up in the specification library at the end of this publication.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
The Federal government has set February 17, 2009 as the digital cut-off date. This means the current
simulcasting of both analog and digital HDTV/SDTV broadcasts will end and only digital broadcasts will
be available over the air.
8
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
CAUTION: Valid Until February 17, 2009 Digital Transition Deadline.
Analog UHF Off-Air Reception
A
B
A
(ANTENNA)
- BTY-10-U # 4873 (SINGLE CH)
- BTY-UHF-BB # 4875 (BROADBAND)
B
(BANDPASS FILTER)
- BPF-u # 4805 (SINGLE CH)
** NOT NECESSARY WITH SCMA-Ub SINGLE CHANNEL PRE-AMP
~
~
C
(PRE-AMPLIFIER/POWER SUPPLY)
- SCMA-Ub/ PS-1526 # 4426/ 1526 (SINGLE CH)
- CMA-Uc/ PS-1526 # 1264/ 1526 (BROADBAND)
D
(PROCESSOR)
- SAIP-60-860 # 5876B (AGILE INPUT UHF/VHF)
- AP-40-550B #59802 (AGILE UHF/VHF)
F
(COMBINER)
- OC-8D COMBINER # 5957
- OC-12D COMBINER # 5953
- OC-24E COMBINER # 5794
- OC-32E COMBINER # 5795
G
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA 550-30P # 5500P53
- RMDA 750-30P # 5500P73
- RMDA 860-30P # 5500P83
- RMDA 860-43P # 5500P84
- BIDA 55A-30P # 5800P53
- BIDA 75A-30P # 5800P73
- BIDA 86A-30P # 5800P83
- BIDA 55A-43P # 5800P54
- BIDA 75A-43P # 5800P74
- BIDA 86A-43P # 5800P84
- BIDA 100A-30 # 5800-13
~
=
=
C
#__
D
#__
E
E
F
G
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
99
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
07/14/06
WNW
AC-021405D
Broadband Specification Guide
Digital Off-Air (8VSB) Reception - Analog Viewing
Functionality
This system will allow you to receive the local, digital (8VSB) off-air broadcast programming that is available
in the market and distribute it through the facility in a format that can be viewed by the existing analog
televisions. The output signal can be delivered via a traditional coaxial or HFC distribution network. This
application assumes that all of the televisions in the system have analog tuners and therefore cannot receive
the digital channel directly.
In Depth Discussion
Antennas are selected based on the frequency/channel that is to be received, not the content, all off-air/
broadcast antennas will receive both analog and digital signals, however receiving the new digital off-air
channel may require a new antenna because of the new channel frequency assignment of the digital channel.
The requirement for a pre-amp or not cannot be determined until a site survey is performed. It’s advisable
to specify one “as required by site survey”. The pre-amplifier is mounted outside on the antenna mast,
and requires a separate power supply that is mounted in the building. The appropriate power supply for the
preamplifier being used must be specified separately. The AQD Digital Demodulator is the system component
that receives the off-air digital channel and tunes to a particular program (within the channel) if multiple
programs are transmitted. The digital demodulator provides analog, baseband audio and video outputs to
connect an analog modulator. This modulator then creates the new channel that will be viewed by the existing
analog televisions. It is common practice to re-modulate onto unused VHF or CATV channels to minimize
distribution losses and make it easier to construct and manage the system. When the new channel is combined
with other channels in the facility it must be done at the correct level so that the signals do not interfere with
each other. Selecting one product from each category on the following page will insure you will have all the
necessary components for a working system. Once all of the products are identified, the specifications can be
looked up in the specification library at the end of this publication.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
The Federal government has set February 17, 2009 as the digital cut-off date. This means the current
simulcasting of both analog and digital HDTV/SDTV broadcasts will end and only digital broadcasts will
be available over the air.
10
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
1111
Broadband Specification Guide
Digital Off-Air (8VSB) Reception - Digital Viewing (8VSB)
Functionality
This system will allow you to receive the local, digital (8VSB) off-air broadcast programming that is available
in the market and distribute it through the facility in it’s original digital format. This signal can now be handed
off to a traditional coaxial distribution network or a hybrid fiber/coax distribution network within the facility.
A digital television with an 8VSB tuner is required to display this channel. The main component difference
between a digital and standard analog channel in the headend is the channel processor. Because of signal
format differences, the digital signal requires a digital channel processor that is specifically designed for digital
off-air broadcasts. It is important to note that standard analog channel processors will not work on digital
channels and standard television sets will not receive digitally transmitted programs.
In Depth Discussion
Antennas are selected based on the frequency/channel that is to be received, not the content, all off-air/
broadcast antennas will receive both analog and digital signals, however receiving the new digital off-air
channel may require a new antenna because of the new channel frequency assignment of the digital channel.
Since the necessity of a pre-amp cannot be determined until a site survey is performed, it is advisable to specify
one “as required by site survey”. The pre-amplifier is mounted outside on the antenna mast, and requires
a separate power supply that is mounted in the building. The appropriate power supply for the preamplifier
being used must be specified separately. The digital processor is the system component that filters and
amplifies to condition the particular channel being received. The processor can convert the received channel
to another channel for output onto the system. It is common practice to convert desired local UHF channels
to non-broadcast VHF channels in the market. This is done to minimize losses, and make it easier to construct
and manage the distribution network. When the new channel is combined with other channels in the facility
it must be done at the correct level so that the signals do not interfere with each other. Digitally modulated
carriers (ATSC, 8VSB, QAM) should have an output signal level that is about 10 dB less than it’s equivalent
analog channel. Selecting one product from each category on the following page will insure you will have all
the necessary components for a working system. Once all of the products are identified, the specifications can
be looked up in the specification library at the end of this publication.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
The Federal government has set February 17, 2009 as the digital cut-off date. This means the current
simulcasting of both analog and digital HDTV/SDTV broadcasts will end and only digital broadcasts will
be available over the air.
12
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
1313
Broadband Specification Guide
Digital Off-Air (8VSB) Reception - Digital Viewing (QAM)
Functionality
It is common for digital televisions to only lock to digital CATV QAM signals when the digital television is set
or tuned to the “CATV” mode. This creates difficulties for systems/facilities transmitting standard ATSC digital
off-air or broadcast 8VSB signals. This solution solves this problem by converting an entire 8VSB digital off-air
channel to a digital QAM signal. This new QAM channel will be available in the CATV band permitting the
current generation of digital televisions that are integrated with QAM tuners to easily tune and display the
television picture. This eliminates the problem of having to reprogram the television every time the customer
wants to switch between digital CATV and digital off-air channels.
In Depth Description
Antennas are selected based on the frequency/channel that is to be received, not the content, all off-air/
broadcast antennas will receive both analog and digital signals, however receiving the new digital off-air
channel may require a new antenna because of the new channel frequency assignment of the digital channel.
The requirement for a pre-amp or not cannot be determined until a site survey is performed. It’s advisable
to specify one “as required by site survey”. The pre-amplifier is mounted outside on the antenna mast,
and requires a separate power supply that is mounted in the building. The appropriate power supply for
the preamplifier being used must be specified separately. The AQT, ATSC to QAM Transcoder, is the system
component that receives the off-air digital (8VSB) channel and changes the modulation scheme. The ATSC to
QAM Transcoder is a modular unit that receives either an 8VSB (Digital Off-air) or QAM (Digital CATV) signal,
and transcodes it to any CATV QAM channel. The transcoding enables televisions with QAM digital tuners to
seamlessly view the 8VSB Off-air digital signals on cable television frequency assignments without having to
change the television tuner input from ‘CATV’ mode to ‘Off- Air’ mode. The input digital signal is stripped of
it’s original digital modulation (8VSB or QAM), leaving just the basic data stream. The AQT then creates a new,
clean QAM carrier and reinserts the original data stream on to this new QAM carrier. If the original channel
was encrypted, it will remain encrypted, if the original channel was in the clear, it will remain in the clear.
Selecting one product from each category on the following page will insure you will have all the necessary
components for a working system. Once all of the products are identified, the specifications can be looked up
in the specification library at the end of this publication.
14
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
­
BLONDER-TONGUE
1515
Broadband Specification Guide
Digital CATV (QAM) Reception - Analog Viewing
Functionality
Any facility that wants to utilize a digital cable television feed as a source for their analog televisions will need
to convert the digital signals back to analog for the analog televisions. This system will allow you to receive a
digital (QAM) channel from the local cable company and distribute it to conventional analog televisions in the
facility. The output signal can be delivered via a traditional coaxial or HFC distribution network. This application
assumes that all the TV’s in the system are analog and therefore cannot receive the digital channel directly.
In Depth Discussion
The method to utilizing a digital CATV signal is to employ an AQD Digital Demodulator and modulator in series.
The AQD is an agile device that can be set up to receive a digital CATV channel input signal. Its function is to
extract the audio and video information from the digital carrier and provide separate analog audio and video
output signals. These separate audio and video feeds, also called baseband audio and video, are then applied
to a modulator. It is the job of the modulator to take the audio and video and make them in to a cable TV
channel that can be viewed by the existing analog televisions. This channel can then be combined with other
channels that have been created at the property. It is common practice to re-modulate onto unused VHF or
CATV channels to minimize distribution losses and make it easier to construct and manage the system. When
the new channel is combined with other channels in the facility it must be done at the correct level so that
the signals do not interfere with each other. The keys to success in this system are making sure that the AQD
demodulators have enough input signal to function correctly and making sure that the modulator is adjusted
correctly for proper output level. Selecting one product from each category on the following page will insure
you will have all the necessary components for a working system. Once all of the products are identified, the
specifications can be looked up in the specification library at the end of this publication.
16
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
1717
Broadband Specification Guide
Digital CATV (QAM) Reception - Digital Viewing (QAM)
Functionality
This system is the digital version of a traditional ‘Cherry Picker’ system. The system will allow you to select a
few desired digital channels from the local Cable Television Company, and ignore the undesired channels. These
desired digital channels can then be redistributed through the existing hybrid fiber / coaxial network within the
facility. This is extremely valuable if a large facility only has a 450 MHz distribution network, and the MSO’s digital
offering starts at 650 MHz, there is no room for the digital tier without a costly network upgrade. The AQT can
receive the desired high frequency QAM channels and transcode them to available channels within the existing
450 MHz network, delivering the desired CATV QAM channels, while preventing a costly network upgrade. If the
original CATV QAM channel was encrypted, it will remain encrypted, requiring an authorized set-top for viewing.
If the original CATV QAM channel was in the clear, it will remain in the clear, and can be viewed on any television
with a QAM digital tuner set to “CATV” mode.
In Depth Discussion
The ATSC to QAM Transcoder (AQT) is a modular unit that receives the QAM (Digital CATV) signal and
transcodes it to another CATV QAM channel. The AQT can be used to ‘Cherry Pick’ selected digital channels
from the existing CATV QAM digital lineup and process it for redistribution. If the original CATV QAM channel
was encrypted, it will remain encrypted, requiring an authorized set-top for viewing. If the original CATV QAM
channel was in the clear, it will remain in the clear, and can be viewed on any television with a QAM digital
tuner set to “CATV” mode. This system will allow the facilities operator to insert the selected CATV QAM carriers
in to a bandwidth limited private CATV network. The input digital signal is stripped of it’s original QAM digital
modulation, leaving just the basic data stream. The AQT then creates a new, clean QAM carrier and reinserts
the original data stream on to this new QAM carrier. Selecting one product from each category on the following
page will insure you will have all the necessary components for a working system. Once all of the products are
identified, the specifications can be looked up in the specification library at the end of this publication.
18
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
­
­
BLONDER-TONGUE
1919
Broadband Specification Guide
Local Origination
Functionality
This system will allow you to create virtually any channel desired from a multitude of sources, and distribute it
through the facility. This signal can now be handed off to a traditional coaxial distribution network or a hybrid
fiber/coaxial distribution network within the facility.
In Depth Description
Local origination is a term used to describe any channel that is generated within the facility. For this publication
we are going to limit the definition to; character generators, computers with audio/video output cards, DVD
players, VCRs, security cameras and studio cameras. These are all devices that provide a baseband audio and
video output that can be handed off to a modulator.
It is the job of the modulator to take the audio and video and make them into a cable TV channel.
This channel can then be combined with other locally generated channels or a cable TV feed.
This combining should be done with professional quality equipment to prevent them from interfering with
each other. If you pick one product from each category on the next page, you will have all of the components
to ensure a working design. Once all of the products are identified, the specifications can be looked up in the
specification library at the end of this publication.
20
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
Local Origination
A
A
E
#__
B
B C
C
(MODULATOR)
- AM-45-550 # 59404
- AM-60-860 /OPT. 5 # 59415A/ 5905 (AGILE 860 MHz STEREO)
- MAVM-861 # 7992B (FIXED CHANNEL)
- MICM-45C # 7797C (MODULAR FIXED CHANNEL)
- MICM-45S # 7797S (MODULAR FIXED CHANNEL - STEREO)
- AMM-806 # 7763 (MODULAR - AGILE)
- AMCM-860 # 7766B (MODULAR-AGILE)
(COMBINER)
- OC-8D COMBINER # 5957
- OC-12D COMBINER # 5953
- OC-24E COMBINER # 5794
- OC-32E COMBINER # 5795
D
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA 550-30P # 5500P53
- RMDA 750-30P # 5500P73
- RMDA 860-30P # 5500P83
- RMDA 860-43P # 5500P84
- BIDA 55A-30P # 5800P53
- BIDA 75A-30P # 5800P73
- BIDA 86A-30P # 5800P83
- BIDA 55A-43P # 5800P54
- BIDA 75A-43P # 5800P74
- BIDA 86A-43P # 5800P84
- BIDA 100A-30 # 5800-13
E
(MODULAR RACK CHASSIS)
- MIRC-4D # 7711 (4 SLOT CHASSIS + POWER SUPPLY)
- MIRC-12V # 7715 (12 SLOT CHASSIS)
- MIPS-12 # 7722C (POWER SUPPLY)
D
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
2121
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
07/31/06
WNW
AC-021405E
Broadband Specification Guide
Digital CATV (QAM) Reception - IP Distribution
Functionality
Any facility that wants to utilize a digital cable television feed as a source for their analog televisions and
computers will need to convert the digital signals back to analog for the analog televisions and in to an IP stream
for their computers. This system will allow you to receive a digital (QAM) channel from the local cable company
and distribute it to: analog televisions with IP set top boxes and PCs running IPClientViewer software. The
signals are delivered via a traditional closed Ethernet distribution network, either LAN or WAN. This application
assumes that there are no coaxial or hybrid fiber/coaxial networks in the facility, and that the only available
distribution network is Ethernet.
In Depth Description
The method to utilizing a digital CATV signal as a source for an Ethernet network is to employ an AQD Digital
Demodulator and an IPME-2 Internet Protocol (IP) Encoder in series. The AQD Digital Demodulator is the system
component that receives the CATV digital channel and tunes to a particular program (within the channel), if
multiple programs are transmitted. The AQD Digital Demodulator provides analog, NTSC baseband audio
and video outputs to connect to the IPME-2 IP Encoder. The IPME-2 is the system component that receives
the NTSC analog, baseband audio and video signals from the Digital Demodulator and encodes them to an
MPEG-2 transport stream for distribution over a properly setup LAN or WAN. This stream has ‘real time’ video
quality of 30 frames per second, full screen resolution of up to 720x480, and stereo audio. It is very important
to note that the managed switches supporting the LAN or WAN MUST have the following items enabled: IGMP
Snooping Querier, IGMP Snooping, and IP Multicast. These switch features are vital to the proper operation of
Video over IP, and must be present in the managed switches for a proper user experience. Once the signals are
on the IP network, they can be utilized by either: analog televisions via industry standard IP set top boxes or
PCs running IPClientViewer software. Selecting one product from each category on the following page will
insure you will have all the necessary components for a working system. Once all of the products are identified,
the specifications can be looked up in the specification library at the end of this publication.
22
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
2323
Broadband Specification Guide
Digital QAM Channel Generation
Functionality
This system will allow you to generate a digital television channel using QAM modulation from a
MPEG-2 ASI (Asynchronous Serial Interface) digital transport stream. ASI outputs are typically available on video
servers and digital satellite receivers. This application assumes that all the TV’s in the system are capable of
receiving QAM television channels either directly with an HDTV ready TV with an integrated 8VSB/QAM tuner
or through the use of set-top converter boxes.
In Depth Description
The QAM Modulator is the basic unit of digital cable transmission. The AQM is designed to accept a DVB based
MPEG-2 ASI (Asynchronous Serial Interface) digital transport stream and modulate it into a QAM (Quadrature
Amplitude Modulation) signal. The AQM also integrates a super low noise upconverter in the compact modular
unit. The built in advanced bit stuffing circuitry ensures that Null Packets are inserted into the ASI transport
stream if needed to ensure the correct baud rate is transmitted. Unit programming is easily accomplished
through the front panel navigation buttons and LCD menuing system.
When the new QAM signal is combined with other analog channels in the system the level should be
attenuated so that it is 6—10 dB below the adjacent analog signals, (typically 6 dB for 256 & above and 10 dB
for 64 QAM). It is always recommended to set the unit output level at the +40 dBmV and externally attenuate
for optimal noise performance. Once all of the products are identified, the specifications can be looked up in
the specification library at the end of this publication.
24
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
Digital QAM Channel Generation
A
Video Server
Satellite Receiver
-or-
ASI
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
25
25
DRAWN
02/07/08
ENGINEER
KK
DWG NO.
BSG020708
Broadband Specification Guide
EBS/ITFS (QAM) Reception - Analog Viewing
Functionality
Any facility that wants to utilize a digital EBS/ITFS feed as a source for their analog televisions will need to
convert the digital signals back to analog for the analog televisions. This system will allow you to receive the
digital EBS/ITFS (QAM) channel transmission and distribute it to the conventional analog televisions in the
facility. The output signal can be delivered via a traditional coaxial or HFC distribution network. This application
assumes that all the TV’s in the system are analog and therefore cannot receive the digital channel directly.
In Depth Discussion
The method to utilizing a digital EBS/ITFS signal is to employ an AQD Digital Demodulator and modulator in
series. The AQD is an agile device that can be set up to receive a digital EBS/ITFS channel input signal from an
EBS/ITFS downconverter. Its function is to extract the audio and video information from the digital carrier and
provide separate analog audio and video output signals. These separate audio and video feeds, also called
baseband audio and video, are then applied to an analog modulator. It is the job of the modulator to take
the audio and video and make them in to a NTSC cable TV channel that can be viewed by the existing analog
televisions. This channel can then be combined with other channels that have been created at the property.
It is common practice to re-modulate onto unused VHF or CATV channels to minimize distribution losses and
make it easier to construct and manage the system. When the new channel is combined with other channels
in the facility it must be done at the correct level so that the signals do not interfere with each other. The keys
to success in this system are making sure that the AQD demodulators have enough input signal to function
correctly and making sure that the modulator is adjusted correctly for proper output level. Selecting one
product from each category on the following page will insure you will have all the necessary components for a
working system. Once all of the products are identified, the specifications can be looked up in the specification
library at the end of this publication.
26
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
2727
Broadband Specification Guide
Cable TV Feed
Functionality
This system will allow you to distribute the local cable TV company’s signal through the facility. This signal can
now be handed off to a traditional coaxial distribution network or a hybrid fiber/coaxial distribution network
within the facility.
In Depth Description
The most basic of sources for programming is a feed from the local cable TV company. In order to distribute
their signal through out the building, there will need to be some sort of signal amplification. It is important
that the amplifier be of the correct size in order to pass all of the cable TV companies signals properly. If
a local cable TV feed is going to be used, the specifier should contact the local cable TV company and ask,
“what is the highest frequency that your system passes?” The answer should be a three-digit number
ending with the unit of measure mega-hertz (MHz). The amplifier that is specified should be rated at a higher
frequency.
All of the passive devices that are used to split and tap off the signal in the system must be of a very high RFI
shielding. When a building system ties in to a cable TV systems feed, that building is subject to the same FCC
rules that the cable TV company is. If they have a system that is poorly constructed and leaking signal, the
cable TV company has the right to disconnect the building until the problems are fixed.
Often these problems stem from poor construction practices, low quality connectors, splitters or taps. For
more information, please refer to “Coaxial Distribution” in this section of the guide. If you pick one
product from each category on the following pages, you will have all the components to ensure a working
design. Once all of the products are identified, the specifications can be looked up in the specification library
at the end of this publication.
28
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
Cable TV Feed
CATV INPUT
A
A
TO DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
SEE COAXIAL DISTRIBUTION
IN THIS SECTION
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
2929
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA 550-30P # 5500P53
- RMDA 750-30P # 5500P73
- RMDA 860-30P # 5500P83
- RMDA 860-43P # 5500P84
- RMDA 86A-30 # 5200-83
- BIDA 55A-30P # 5800P53
- BIDA 75A-30P # 5800P73
- BIDA 86A-30P # 5800P83
- BIDA 55A-43P # 5800P54
- BIDA 75A-43P # 5800P74
- BIDA 86A-43P # 5800P84
- BIDA 100A-30 # 5800-13
- RMDA-86A-30 #520083
- RMDA-86A-30P #5200P83
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
07/31/06
WNW
AC-021405E
Broadband Specification Guide
Cherry Picking From a Cable TV Feed
Functionality
This system will allow you to select a few desired channels from the local cable TV company and ignore all of
the other undesired channels. This signal can now be handed off to a traditional coaxial distribution network
or a hybrid fiber / coaxial distribution network within the facility.
In Depth Description
There are two different sets of electronics that can be employed to create the desired channel line up. The
first method is to employ a channel processor. Channel processors come in several different versions, but all
do basically the same thing, they take one channel on the input, and convert it into another on the output. If
the channel line up is known well in advance, fixed processors can be used to minimize cost. The downside of
fixed processors is that if the local cable TV company changes it’s channel line up, another processor would
need to be purchased.
Agile processors are able to change both the input, and the output channel on the fly to be able to
accommodate any changes that might be necessary. The keys to success in this system are making sure that
the processors have enough input signal to function correctly and making sure that the output levels are all set
correctly so the channels do not interfere with each other.
The second method is to employ a demodulator and modulator in series. The demodulator is an agile device
that can be set up to receive a TV channel input signal. Its function is to extract the audio and video information
from the RF carriers and provide separate audio and video output signals. These separate audio and video
feeds, also called baseband audio and video, are then applied to a modulator. It is the job of the modulator to
take the audio and video and make them in to a cable TV channel. This channel can then be combined with
other channels that have been created at the property. The keys to success in this system are making sure
that the demodulators have enough input signal to function correctly and making sure that the modulator is
adjusted correctly for proper modulation and output levels.
If you pick one product from each category on the following pages, you will have all of the components to
ensure a working design. Once all of the products are identified, the specifications can be looked up in the
specification library at the end of this publication.
30
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagrams
Cherry Picking from a Cable TV Feed
FROM CATV COMPANY
A
F
A
E
B
#__
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA 550-30P # 5500P53
- RMDA 750-30P # 5500P73
- RMDA 860-30P # 5500P83
- RMDA 860-43P # 5500P84
- BIDA 55A-30P # 5800P53
- BIDA 75A-30P # 5800P73
- BIDA 86A-30P # 5800P83
- BIDA 55A-43P # 5800P54
- BIDA 75A-43P # 5800P74
- BIDA 86A-43P # 5800P84
- BIDA 100A-30 # 5800-13
(PROCESSOR)
- AP-60-550B W/OPT 17 # 59817/59177 (AGILE)
- SAIP-60-860 # 5876B (AGILE IN/FIXED OUT)
B
C D
#__
C
D
E
(COMBINER)
- OC-8D COMBINER # 5957
- OC-12D COMBINER # 5953
- OC-24E COMBINER # 5794
- OC-32E COMBINER # 5795
(TAP/DIRECTIONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-** # 1940-** (ONE PORT - **=TAP VALUE)
- SRT-2A-** # 1942-** (TWO PORTS - **=TAP VALUE)
- SRT-4A-** # 1944-** (FOUR PORTS - **=TAP VALUE)
- SRT-8A-** # 1948-** (EIGHT PORTS - **=TAP VALUE)
F
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
31
31
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
01/03/08
WNW
AC-021405G
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
Cherry Picking from a Cable TV Feed
Using Demod/Remod No Stereo
FROM CATV COMPANY
A
A
G
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA 550-30P # 5500P53
- RMDA 750-30P # 5500P73
- RMDA 860-30P # 5500P83
- RMDA 860-43P # 5500P84
- BIDA 55A-30P # 5800P53
- BIDA 75A-30P # 5800P73
- BIDA 86A-30P # 5800P83
- BIDA 55A-43P # 5800P54
- BIDA 75A-43P # 5800P74
- BIDA 86A-43P # 5800P84
- BIDA 100A-30 # 5800-13
B
(TAP/DIRECITONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-** # 1940-** (ONE PORT - **=TAP VALUE)
- SRT-2A-** # 1942-** (TWO PORTS - **=TAP VALUE)
- SRT-4A-** # 1944-** (FOUR PORTS - **=TAP VALUE)
- SRT-8A-** # 1948-** (EIGHT PORTS - **=TAP VALUE)
B
C
H
C
(DEMODULATOR)
- AD-1B # 5932 (AGILE)
- MIDM-806C # 7740C (MODULAR - AGILE)
D
(MODULATOR)
- AM-45-550 # 59404
- MAVM-861 # 7992B (FIXED CHANNEL)
- MICM-45C # 7797C (MODULAR FIXED CHANNEL)
- MICM-45S # 7797S (MODULAR FIXED CHANNEL - STEREO)
- AMM-806 # 7763 (MODULAR - AGILE)
- AMCM-860 # 7766B (MODULAR-AGILE)
F
(COMBINER)
- OC-8D COMBINER # 5957
- OC-12D COMBINER # 5953
- OC-24E COMBINER # 5794
- OC-32E COMBINER # 5795
H
(MODULAR - RACK CHASSIS)
- MIRC-4D # 7711 (CHASSIS + POWER SUPPLY)
- MIRC-12V # 7715 (CHASSIS)
- MIPS-12 # 7722C (POWER SUPPLY FOR #7715)
D
#__
E
E
F
G
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
32
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
01/03/08
WNW
AC-021405H
Broadband Specification Guide
AQT
ATSC-TO-QAM TRANSCODER
D
I
G
I
T
A
L
C
O
L
L
E
C
T
I
O
N
The Right Product...
The Right Solution
8VSB OR QAM
QAM
Industry Leader For almost 60 Years!
For more information, call or visit our website at
800.523.6049 • www.blonder tongue.com
Broadband Specification Guide
Preventing Reception of Undesired Programming on Cable TV Feed
Functionality
This system will allow you to block undesired channels from your local cable TV company. Cable channels
determined to contain distracting, offensive or otherwise inappropriate programming material can be
prevented from being received throughout the facility’s distribution network.
In Depth Description
The TV Channel Blocker (TVCB -PC) is user programmable that can block up to 40 channels between 2 and
86 (54-600 MHz). Channel blocking is accomplished by a method known as “interdiction”, which utilizes
interfering signals to provide dynamic channel jamming.
The TVCB is designed for input levels normally encountered on CATV drops, which is why it is installed ahead
of the distribution amplifier. The TVCB features a lockable enclosure to prevent unauthorized program changes
and unit bypassing.
The amplifier should be selected to meet the desired system channel capacity and gain requirements.
All passives (not shown – see Coaxial Distribution pages in this guide) must be rated for CATV applications
having high RFI shielding specifications and 5-1000 MHz frequency bandwidth. If you pick one product from
each category on the following pages, you will have all of the components to ensure a working design. Once
all of the products are identified, the specifications can be looked up in the specification library at the end of
this publication.
34
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
Preventing Reception of Undesired
Programming on Cable TV Feed
CATV INPUT
A
~
B
(TV CHANNEL BLOCKER)
- TVCB-PC # 9110
- TVCB-ACC # 9136
B
(TV CHANNEL BLOCKER POWER SUPPLY)
- TVCB-PP # 9126
A
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA 550-30P # 5500P53
- RMDA 750-30P # 5500P73
- RMDA 860-30P # 5500P83
- RMDA 860-43P # 5500P84
- RMDA 86A-30 # 5200-83
- BIDA 55A-30P # 5800P53
- BIDA 75A-30P # 5800P73
- BIDA 86A-30P # 5800P83
- BIDA 55A-43P # 5800P54
- BIDA 75A-43P # 5800P74
- BIDA 86A-43P # 5800P84
- BIDA 100A-30 # 5800-13
=
=
A
C
TO DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
35
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
07/31/06
WNW
AC-021405S
Broadband Specification Guide
Inserting a Local Origination Into a Cable TV Feed
Functionality
This system will allow you to eliminate unwanted channels that are being provided by the local cable TV
company, and replace them with channels made within the facility. This signal can now be handed off to a
traditional coaxial distribution network or a hybrid fiber / coaxial distribution network within the facility.
In Depth Description
This system is a variation on two other systems that were mentioned earlier: Local Origination, and Cable TV
Feed. This hybrid system replaces a channel on the existing cable TV line up with one that was generated locally.
The key to success in this system is correctly making space for the new channel in the cable TV line-up. Once
the channel to be eliminated has been identified, a channel elimination filter and modulator must be specified.
The channel elimination filter makes room for the new channel by completely removing the old channel. The
new channel is created by the modulator that accepts audio and video input and makes a cable TV channel.
The channel elimination filter and modulator must be the same channel in order for the system to work. The
channel elimination filter must be a very high quality filter so that it does not harm the channels next to it.
Points to pay attention to are a high quality channel elimination filter to completely remove the existing
channel, and making sure that when the new channel is combined with the existing cable TV feed, it is done
at the correct level so that neither signal damages the other. If you pick one product from each category on
the next page, you will have all of the components to ensure a working design. Once all of the products are
identified, the specifications can be looked up in the specification library at the end of this publication.
36
Broadband Specification Guide
FunctionalBlock
BlockDiagram
Diagram
Functional
Inserting a Local Origination Into a Cable TV Feed
FROM CATV COMPANY
B
A
A
(SINGLE CHANNEL ELIMINATION FILTER)
- CEF-750 (CH 2-38, 98, 99) # 4446
F
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA 550-30P # 5500P53
- RMDA 750-30P # 5500P73
- RMDA 860-30P # 5500P83
- RMDA 860-43P #5500P84
- BIDA 55A-30P # 5800P53
- BIDA 75A-30P # 5800P73
- BIDA 86A-30P # 5800P83
- BIDA 55A-43P # 5800P54
- BIDA 75A-43P # 5800P74
- BIDA 86A-43P # 5800P84
- BIDA 100A-30 # 5800-13
C
(MODULATOR)
- AM-45-550 # 59404
- AM-60-860 /OPT. 5 # 59415A/5905 (AGILE 860 MHz STEREO)
- MAVM-861 # 7992B (FIXED CHANNEL)
- MICM-45C #7797C (MODULAR FIXED CHANNEL)
- MICM-45S #7797S (MODULAR FIXED CHANNEL - STEREO)
- AMM-806 #7763 (MODULAR - AGILE)
- AMCM-860 #7766B (MODULAR-AGILE)
D
(COMBINER)
- OC-8D COMBINER # 5957
- OC-12D COMBINER # 5953
- OC-24E COMBINER # 5794
- OC-32E COMBINER # 5795
E
(COMBINER - ALL CHANNELS GET COMBINED AT SAME LEVEL)
- SXRS-2 # 1922 (COMBINES BOTH INPUTS WITH SAME LEVELS)
- SRT-** 1940-** (CATV FEED AND LOCAL SOURCE ARE
DIFFERENT LEVELS; TAP VALUE IS DIFFERENCE AND
TAP PORT CONNECTS TO HIGHER LEVEL SOURCE)
G
(DIPLEXER)
- DSV-42 #4376
H
(MODULAR RACK CHASSIS)
- MIRC-4D #7711 (4 SLOT CHASSIS + POWER SUPPLY)
- MIRC-12V #7715 (12 SLOT CHASSIS)
- MIPS-12 #7722C (POWER SUPPLY)
#__
C
B
#__
D
E
F
SUB
G
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
3737
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
01/03/08
KK
KK 060417B
Broadband Specification Guide
Inserting a Local Origination Above a Cable TV Feed
Functionality
This system will allow you to augment the channel line up that is being provided by the local cable TV company,
and add channels made within the facility. This signal can now be handed off to a traditional coaxial distribution
network or a hybrid fiber/coaxial distribution network within the facility.
In Depth Description
This system is a variation on a system that was mentioned earlier; “Inserting a Local Origination In To
A Cable TV Feed”. This hybrid system replaces a channel on the existing cable TV line up with one that was
generated locally. The key to success in this system is correctly making space for the new channel above the
existing cable TV line-up. Once the band of channels to be eliminated has been identified, a low pass filter and
modulator must be specified.
The low pass filter makes room for the new channel by completely removing any signals above the unit’s
specified cross over point. The new channel is created by the modulator, which accepts audio and video
inputs and makes a cable TV channel. The low pass filter cross over point must be a lower frequency than the
modulator for the system to work. The low pass filter must be a very high quality filter so that it does not harm
the channels below the cross over point.
The keys to the success of this system are: a high quality low pass filter to completely remove the desired
band, and making sure that when the new channel is combined with the existing cable TV feed, it is done at
the correct levels so that neither signal damages the others. If you pick one product from each category on
the next page, you will have all of the components to ensure a working design. Once all of the products are
identified, the specifications can be looked up in the specification library at the end of this publication.
38
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
Inserting a Local Origination Above a Cable TV Feed
FROM CATV COMPANY
A
(LOW PASS FILTER) ** NOT BY BLONDER TONGUE
- EAGLE COMTRONICS 800-448-7474
http://www.eaglefilters.com
- MICROWAVE FILTER 800-448-1666
http://www.microwavefilter.com
- PCI TECHNOLOGIES 800-565-7488
http://www.pci.com
F
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA 550-30P # 5500P53
- RMDA 750-30P # 5500P73
- RMDA 860-30P # 5500P83
- RMDA 860-43P # 5500P84
- BIDA 55A-30P # 5800P53
- BIDA 75A-30P # 5800P73
- BIDA 86A-30P # 5800P83
- BIDA 55A-43P # 5800P54
- BIDA 75A-43P # 5800P74
- BIDA 86A-43P # 5800P84
- BIDA 100A-30 # 5800-13
C
(MODULATOR)
- AM-60-860 /OPT. 5 # 59415A / 5905 (AGILE 860 MHz STEREO)
- MAVM-861 # 7992B (FIXED CHANNEL)
**THE FOLLOWING MUST BE USED WITH “G”
- MICM-45C #7797C (MODULAR FIXED CHANNEL)
- MICM-45S #7797S (MODULAR FIXED CHANNEL - STEREO)
- AMM-806 #7763 (MODULAR - AGILE)
- AMCM-860 #7766B (MODULAR-AGILE)
D
(COMBINER)
- OC-8D COMBINER # 5957
- OC-12D COMBINER # 5953
- OC-24E COMBINER # 5794
- OC-32E COMBINER # 5795
E
(COMBINER - ALL CHANNELS GET COMBINED AT SAME LEVEL)
- SXRS-2 # 1922 (COMBINES BOTH INPUTS WITH SAME LEVELS)
- SRT-** 1940-** (CATV FEED AND LOCAL SOURCE ARE DIFFERENT
LEVELS; TAP VALUE IS DIFFERENCE AND TAP PORT CONNECTS
TO HIGHER LEVEL SOURCE)
G
(MODULAR RACK CHASSIS & POWER SUPPLY)
- MIRC-4D # 7711 (4 SLOT CHASSIS & POWER SUPPLY)
- MIRC-12V # 7715 (12 SLOT CHASSIS)
- MIPS-12C # 7722C (12 UNIT POWER SUPPLY)
A
B
B
C
G
#__
D
E
F
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
3939
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
07/31/06
WNW
AC-021405I
Broadband Specification Guide
Sub-Channel Return
Functionality
The sub-channel return allows signals (VCR, DVD, Studio Cameras, Security Cameras, Character Generators,
Computer Outputs) generated anywhere in the facility to be included in the channel line up at that facility.
The sub-channel return system is a type of system that takes advantage of the two-way transmission
capability inherent to coaxial cable. When the proper electronics are installed, an audio and video signal
can be generated anywhere within the coaxial network and redistributed to all televisions connected to
the network.
In Depth Description
There are three key ingredients in the sub-channel return system that must be in place in order for the system to work. The first is the sub-channel modulator. This device takes an audio and video from any standard source (Camera, DVD Player, VCR Player, and Computer Video Card), and transmits them back to the
headend (the source point of all the signals in the coaxial distribution network). Once the signal leaves the
sub-channel modulator, its next stop is a diplexer.
The diplexer’s job is to create a two way street within the coaxial network so that the signal you have just
created can travel back to the headend. The next stop for the signal is another diplexer at the headend; this
one is there to break the two signal paths apart. It is very important that there are two diplexers in the system
so that the signal can be combined and then taken back apart. At the headend, there needs to be a piece of
electronics to catch the signal that was generated in the field, and turn it around to go back out to the coaxial
distribution network. There are many different units that can perform this task; the main concern is to make
sure that there is an available space for the new channel. If you pick one product from each category on
the next page, you will have all of the components to ensure a working design. Once all of the products are
identified, the specifications can be looked up in the specification library at the end of this publication.
40
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagrams
Sub-Channel Return Using Processors
A
#T-_
(PROCESSOR)
- AP-60-550B/OPT. 17 # 59817/59177 (AGILE 60 dBmV)
A
B
#__
(COMBINER)
- OC-8D COMBINER # 5957
- OC-12D COMBINER # 5953
- OC-24E COMBINER # 5794
- OC-32E COMBINER # 5795
B
54-1000 MHz
DC-42 MHz
C
COMBINED
TO DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
D
C
(DIPLEX FILTER)
- DSV-42 DIPLEXER # 4376
D
(MODULATOR)
- AM-60-550/OPT. 4 # 59416/5904 (AGILE 60 dBmV)
- MAVM-861-T** # S7992B (FIXED CH. 40 dBmV)
- MAVM-60-861-T** # S7977B (FIXED CH. 60 dBmV)
#T-_
TO LOCAL
TELEVISION
54-1000 MHz
DC-42 MHz
C
COMBINED
TO/FROM ANY OUTLET
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
4141
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
01/03/08
WNW
AC-021405K
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagrams
Sub-Channel Return Using Demod/Remod
F
F
OR
A
(SUB BAND CONVERTER)
- MSBC #7727
A
B-2
B-1 (DEMODULATOR)
- AD-1B OPT. 17 #5932/59257 (AGILE)
B-1
B-2 (DEMODULATOR)
- MIDM-806C #770C (MODULAR-AGILE)
#T-_
C
C
C
(MODULATOR)
- AM-45-550 # 59404
- MAVM-861 # 7992B (FIXED CHANNEL)
- MICM-45C #7797C (MODULAR FIXED CHANNEL)
- AMM-806 #7763 (MODULAR - AGILE)
- AMCM-860 #7766B (MODULAR-AGILE)
D
(COMBINER)
- OC-8D COMBINER # 5957
- OC-12D COMBINER # 5953
- OC-24E COMBINER # 5794
- OC-32E COMBINER # 5795
#__
D
54-1000 MHz
DC-42 MHz
E
COMBINED
TO DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
E
(DIPLEX FILTER)
- DSV-42 DIPLEXER # 4376
F
(MODULAR RACK CHASSIS)
- MIRC-4D #7711 (CHASSIS + POWER SUPPLY)
- MIRC-12V #7715 (CHASSIS)
- MIPS-12 #7722C (POWER SUPPLY)
G
(MODULATOR)
- AM-60-550 OPT. 4 # 59416 4 (AGILE 60 dBmV)
- MAVM-861-T** # S7992B (FIXED CH. 40 dBmV)
- MAVM-60-861-T** # S7977B (FIXED CH. 60 dBmV)
G
#T-_
TO LOCAL
TELEVISION
54-1000 MHz
DC-42 MHz
E
COMBINED
TO/FROM ANY OUTLET
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
42
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
01/03/08
WNW
AC-021405K
Broadband Specification Guide
IPME-2
Baseband A/V-to-IP Encoder
E
N
C
O
The Right Product...
The Right Solution
D
Baseband Audio/Video
E
(NTSC or PAL)
R
C
O
L
MPEG-2 Encoding
L
E
C
T
I
O
N
IP
(10BaseT/100BaseTX) — IGMP Snooping
IGMP Querier
IP Multicasting (PIM)
Industry Leader For almost 60 Years!
For more information, call or visit our website at
800.523.6049 • www.blonder tongue.com
Broadband Specification Guide
Signal From DBS (DishNetwork™ ) Satellite
Functionality
This system will allow you to receive any channel that is available via the small dish satellite and distribute it
through the facility. This signal can now be handed off to a traditional coaxial distribution network or a hybrid
fiber/coaxial distribution network within the facility.
In the early 1990’s the advent of the high power, direct broadcast satellite marked a turning point for reception
of satellite signals. Prior to DBS, very large satellite antennas (10 + feet), or dishes, were required to receive and
amplify programming. The average commercial grade DBS is no more that 3 feet across, and can be mounted
virtually anywhere. The reception and processing of DBS satellite signals in theory is no different than the off
air models presented earlier, there are only differences in the electronics employed to do the job.
In Depth Description
The start of the system is the dish itself. There are many different types of DBS satellite dishes and mounts on
the market, each intended for a different purpose. It is critical to the system operation that the satellite dish
and LNBf are matched for proper operation. The correct units are based upon the desired programming to be
received. The site must have a dish mounted on the outside of the building to receive these signals. If there
is not adequate reception to hand off to the satellite receiver, an in-line amplifier may need to be employed.
Since the necessity of an in-line amplifier can not be determined until a site survey is performed, it is advisable
to specify the in-line amplifier, “as required by site survey”.
The satellite receiver is the piece of electronics that accepts the signal from the satellite dish, and provides a
baseband audio and video that can be presented to a modulator. It is the job of the modulator to take the
audio and video and make them in to a cable TV channel.
This channel can then be combined with other locally generated channels or a cable TV feed. This combining
should be done with professional quality equipment and at the correct level to prevent the channels from
interfering with each other. If you pick one product from each category on the next page, you will have all of
the components to ensure a working design. Once all of the products are identified, the specifications can be
looked up in the specification library at the end of this publication.
44
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
Signal From DBS (DishNetwork™) Satellite
A
~
=
C
B
=
V
D
(DISH/LNB)
- Ku 1.0 UNV # 6459W
-LNBF-DUAL R # 6455R
B
(POWER INSERTER)
- LPI-3300 # 6417
C
(POWER SUPPLY)
- LPI-188PS # 6430
D
(MULTISWITCH)
- SMS-3400 # 6403
- SMR-1600 # 6467
E
(RECEIVER)
- CDSR-6198A # 6198A (DISH NETWORK)
F
(MODULATOR)
- AM-45-550 # 59404
- AM-60-860/OPT. 5 # 59415A / 5905 (AGILE 860 MHz STEREO)
- MAVM-861 # 7992B (FIXED CHANNEL)
- MICM-45C #7797C (MODULAR FIXED CHANNEL)
- MICM-45S #7797S (MODULAR FIXED CHANNEL - STEREO)
- AMM-806 #7763 (MODULAR - AGILE)
- AMCM-860 #7766B (MODULAR-AGILE)
H
(COMBINER)
- OC-8D COMBINER # 5957
- OC-12D COMBINER # 5953
- OC-24E COMBINER # 5794
- OC-32E COMBINER # 5795
J
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA 550-30P # 5500P53
- RMDA 750-30P # 5500P73
- RMDA 860-30P # 5500P83
- RMDA 860-43P # 5500P84
- BIDA 55A-30P # 5800P53
- BIDA 75A-30P # 5800P73
- BIDA 86A-30P # 5800P83
- BIDA 55A-43P # 5800P54
- BIDA 75A-43P # 5800P74
- BIDA 86A-43P # 5800P84
- BIDA 100A-30 # 5800-13
K
(MODULAR RACK CHASSIS & POWER SUPPLY)
- MIRC-4D # 7711
- MIRC-12V # 7715
- MIPS-12 # 7722C
H
T
E
F
A
G
K
#__
G
H
J
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
4545
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
07/31/06
WNW
AC-021405L
Broadband Specification Guide
Coaxial Distribution
Functionality
This type of distribution system is the link between the central signal source (Headend) and the televisions that are
scattered throughout the facility. This network relies entirely on traditional coaxial cable to distribute the desired signals.
In Depth Description
Trunk and Branch: This type of distribution network is the most common architecture deployed today.
The basic premise is that there is a system of “Trunks”, or large distribution lines carrying high signal levels
away from the headend, running through out the facility. As this large cable runs through the facility, at many
locations, there needs to be “Branches”, or smaller lines carrying signals to individual TVs. These smaller lines are often
called “drops” and are created by “tapping” into the “Trunk” line with a mechanical device known as a tap, or directional
coupler. Amplification may be needed in order to provide signal though out the entire facility. Considerations should be
made in order to have power available outside of the “Headend” in either remote closets, or by injecting power in to the
coaxial network itself.
Home Run: This type of distribution network is usually only deployed in smaller facilities. The basic idea is that all of the
TVs have their signal directly run to them from one central point, or “Home Run”. This direct, point to point wiring can
not be used in large facilities because of the signal loss inherent to copper based cables. At the headend, there must
be enough RF output ports available for each “Home Run”, as well as AC power to power any amplifiers that might be
required.
Star: This type of distribution network is most often deployed by the data and telephone industries, but can also be
applied to some facilities for coaxial distribution. The “Star” architecture is a hybrid of the “Trunk and Branch” and “Home
Run”. Starting at the headend, large “Trunk” lines are run out in to the facility to several different points. From these
distribution points smaller cables, “Drops”, are then “Home Run” out to the individual TVs. Considerations should be
made in order to have power available outside of the “Headend” in either remote closets, or by injecting power in to the
coaxial network itself.
Cable Types: Special consideration must be given to the cable types employed in any architecture to ensure that the
proper cable for the application is selected. All of the cables used in the distribution networks described above MUST be
CATV rated as defined by National Electric Code, Article 820. There are two factors that must be looked at to determine
the correct cable; the location within the facility, and the location within the network.
When referring to the location within the facility, we are looking at the physical location in the facility where the cable is
going to be installed. The National Electric Code in Article 820 dictates the correct ratings for coaxial cables based upon
the location that the cables are going to be installed. The ratings are:
CATVP
CATVR
CATV
CATVX
CATVU
Plenum
Riser
General Commercial
External - No more than 50’ in to the building
Underground
The chart above is for reference purposes only, the specifier/designer must become familiar with the National
Electric Code, and design to their guidelines. When referring to the location within the network, we are
talking about the use of the cable. Is the cable a “Trunk”? Is the cable a “Drop”? Is the cable a “Home Run”?
The most common “Trunk” cables are RG-11 and .500 hard line, these larger cables are designed to carry
signals over long distances. All “Drop” cables should be RG-6 or larger depending on the length of the “Drop”.
Any coaxial run over 250’ should be RG-11 in order to facilitate the design of the network. The only use for RG-59 cable is
to connect a VCR to a TV, or connect the TV to the wall plate in a room.
46
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
Trunk and Branch Coaxial Distribution
A
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA 550-30P # 5500P53
- RMDA 750-30P # 5500P73
- RMDA 860-30P # 5500P83
- RMDA 860-43P # 5500P84
- RMDA 86A-30 # 5200-83
- BIDA 55A-30P # 5800P53
- BIDA 75A-30P # 5800P73
- BIDA 86A-30P # 5800P83
- BIDA 55A-43P # 5800P54
- BIDA 75A-43P # 5800P74
- BIDA 86A-43P # 5800P84
- BIDA 100A-30 # 5800-13
B
(TWO WAY SPLITTER)
- SXRS-2 # 1922
C
(THREE WAY SPLITTER)
- SXRS-3 # 1923
D
(FOUR WAY SPLITTER)
- SXRS-4 # 1924
E
(EIGHT WAY SPLITTER)
- SXRS-8 # 1928
F
(SINGLE PORT TAP OR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-** # 1940-** (SINGLE PORT - ** INDICATES TAP VALUE)
G
(TWO PORT TAP OR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-2A-** # 1942-** (TWO PORT - ** INDICATES TAP VALUE)
G
H
(FOUR PORT TAP OR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-4A-** # 1944-** (FOUR PORT - ** INDICATES TAP VALUE)
H
I
(EIGHT PORT TAP OR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-8A-** # 1948-** (EIGHT PORT - ** INDICATES TAP VALUE)
I
J
(TERMINATOR)
- BTF-TP # 4670
K
(WALL PLATE)
- V-1GF-FT # 3187
- TF-GF-FT # 4691
FROM CATV INPUT OR OUTPUT
OF HEADEND
A
TRUNK CABLE
RG-11 or RG6
B
C
D
E
TRUNK CABLE
RG-11 or RG6
F
J
DROP CABLE
RG-6 200' MAX.
WALL PLATE
K
RG-59 50' MAX
N
IO
IS
V
LE
TE
** PASSIVE COMPONENTS (SPLITTERS AND TAPS) ARE LOCATED THROUGHOUT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
AS REQUIRED TO PROVIDE SUFFICIENT SIGNAL TO ALL OUTLETS.
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
4747
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
07/31/06
WNW
AC-021405M
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
Home Run Coaxial Distribution
FROM CATV INPUT
OR OUTPUT
OF HEADEND
A
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA 550-30P # 5500P53
- RMDA 750-30P # 5500P73
- RMDA 860-30P # 5500P83
- RMDA 860-43P # 5500P84
- RMDA 86A-30 # 5200-83
- BIDA 55A-30P # 5800P53
- BIDA 75A-30P # 5800P73
- BIDA 86A-30P # 5800P83
- BIDA 55A-43P # 5800P54
- BIDA 75A-43P # 5800P74
- BIDA 86A-43P # 5800P84
- BIDA 100A-30 # 5800-13
B
(TWO WAY SPLITTER)
- SXRS-2 # 1922
C
DIRECTIONAL COUPLERS - USED INTERCHANGEABLY TO
SUPPLY SUFFICIENT SIGNAL TO ONE OR MULTIPLE OUTLETS
A
B
C1
C2
C3
C1
(SINGLE PORT TAP OR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-** # 1940-** (SINGLE PORT ** INDICATES TAP VALUE)
C2
(TWO PORT TAP OR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-2A-** # 1942-** (TWO PORT ** INDICATES TAP VALUE)
C3
(FOUR PORT TAP OR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-4A-** # 1944-** (FOUR PORT ** INDICATES TAP VALUE)
C4
(EIGHT PORT TAP OR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-8A-** # 1948-** (EIGHT PORT ** INDICATES TAP VALUE)
C4
D
D
(TERMINATOR)
- BTF-TP # 4670
E
(WALL PLATE)
- V-1GF-FT # 3187
- TF-GF-FT # 4691
DROP CABLE
RG-6 200' MAX.
WALL PLATE
E
RG-59 50' MAX
N
IO
IS
V
LE
TE
** ALL COMPONENTS LOCATED IN HEADEND. SPLITTERS AND TAPS USED AS NEEDED
TO PROVIDE SUFFICIENT SIGNAL TO ALL OUTLETS.
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
48 48
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
07/31/06
WNW
AC-021405N
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagrams
Star Coaxial Distribution
FROM CATV INPUT
OR OUTPUT
OF HEADEND
A
A
B
B
C
IDF
(THREE WAY SPLITTER)
- SXRS-3 # 1923
DIRECTIONAL COUPLERS - USED INTERCHANGEABLY TO
SUPPLY SUFFICIENT SIGNAL TO ONE OR MULTIPLE OUTLETS
C1
(SINGLE PORT TAP OR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-** # 1940-** (SINGLE PORT - ** INDICATES TAP VALUE)
C2
(TWO PORT TAP OR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-2A-** # 1942-** (TWO PORT - ** INDICATES TAP VALUE)
C3
(FOUR PORT TAP OR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-4A-** # 1944-** (FOUR PORT - ** INDICATES TAP VALUE)
C4
(EIGHT PORT TAP OR DIRECTIONAL COUPLER)
- SRT-8A-** # 1948-** (EIGHT PORT - ** INDICATES TAP VALUE)
D
(TERMINATOR)
- BTF-TP # 4670
E
(WALL PLATE)
- V-IGF-FT # 3137
- TF-GF-FT # 4691
IDF
C1
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA 550-30P # 5500P53
- RMDA 750-30P # 5500P73
- RMDA 860-30P # 5500P83
- RMDA 860-43P # 5500P84
- RMDA 86A-30 # 5200-83
- BIDA 55A-30P # 5800P53
- BIDA 75A-30P # 5800P73
- BIDA 86A-30P # 5800P83
- BIDA 55A-43P # 5800P54
- BIDA 75A-43P # 5800P74
- BIDA 86A-43P # 5800P84
- BIDA 100A-30 # 5800-13
C2
C3
WALL PLATE
E
RG-59 50' MAX
ON
SI
VI
E
EL
T
IDF
C4
DROP CABLE
RG-6 200' MAX.
D
** SPLITTERS LOCATED IN HEADEND AND INTERMEDIATE CLOSETS (IDF). TAPS LOCATED IN
INTERMEDIATE CLOSETS AS REQUIRED TO PROVIDE SUFFICIENT SIGNAL TO ALL OUTLETS.
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
4949
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
07/31/06
WNW
AC-021405O
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
IDF Star Distribution
128 DROPS (MAX)
860 MHZ (TWO-WAY)
A
A
(AMPLIFIER)
- RMDA-86A-30 5200 83
B
(FOUR WAY SPLITTER)
SXRS-4 # 1924
C
(DISTRIBUTION FRAME SPLITTER)
- DFCS-24 # 5798
- DFCS-32 # 5799
D
(WALL PLATE)
- V-IGF-FT # 3187
- TF-GF-FT # 4691
B
C
DROP CABLE
RG-6
0’ TO 135’
DROP CABLE
RG-11
135’ TO 300’
D
D
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
50
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
07/31/06
WNW
021405.1.B
HDE-ASI
Broadband Specification Guide
HD/SD/NTSC-to-ASI Encoder
E
N
C
O
The Right Product...
The Right Solution
D
E
R
1xHD(1080i)
1xHD(720p) + 2xSD(480i)/NTSC
4xSD(480i)/NTSC
C
O
L
L
E
C
HD/SD MPEG-2 Encoding
Dolby AC-3 Audio Encoding
ASI
T
I
O
N
Industry Leader For almost 60 Years!
For more information, call or visit our website at
800.523.6049 • www.blonder tongue.com
51
Broadband Specification Guide
Hybrid Fiber and Coax Distribution
Functionality
This type of distribution system is the link between the source (Headend) and the televisions that are
scattered throughout the facility. This network relies on a combination of single mode fiber optic cable and
traditional coaxial cable to distribute the desired signals.
In Depth Description
This network provides a degree of future proofing, due to the virtually unlimited capacity of the single mode
fiber optic cable. The architecture starts out exactly the same as the “Star” architecture described under
coaxial distribution with a minor change. The signal that is going to be distributed through out the facility is
given to a fiber optic transmitter for conversion to light.
The transmitter must be correctly sized in order to overcome the loss of the splitter network and the fiber
network, and still provide enough signal to the fiber optic receivers. The optical output is then given to an optical splitter network to provide enough outputs for the network. These outputs are connected to single mode
fiber optic cables, instead of coaxial trunk lines, and are run out in to the facility to several different points. This
system should be employed when the distance from the “Headend” to the distribution points is very large.
One of the strengths of fiber optics is that it is not as susceptible to loss over distance as coaxial cable.
At these points the signal is converted from fiber optics to coaxial cable, now the distribution can continue in any of the coaxial architectures listed above: “Trunk and Branch”, “Home Run”, or “Star”.
Considerations should be made in order to have power available at the point where the fiber optic cable
terminates because the fiber optic receivers are AC powered. If you pick one product from each category on
the next page, you will have all of the components to ensure a working design. Once all of the products are
identified, the specifications can be looked up in the specification library at the end of this publication.
52
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
Hybrid Fiber and Coax Distribution
FROM OUTPUT
OF HEADEND
A
(FIBER OPTIC TRANSMITTER)
- FIBT-S3A-816A # 7403A-6
- FIBT-S3A-818A # 7403A-8
- FIBT-S3A-810A # 7404A-10
- FIBT-S3A-812A # 7404A-12
- FIBT-S3A-814A # 7404A-14
(MODULAR)
- MIBT-S3A-816 # 7410-6
- MIBT-S3A-818 # 7410-8
- MIBT-S3A-810 # 7410-10
- MIBT-S3A-812 # 7410-12
- MIBT-S3A-814 # 7410-14
B
(FIBER OPTIC COUPLER)
- FOC-102U-XX # 7450-X (1 X 2 RACK MOUNTED)
- FOC-104U-XX # 7454-X (1 X 4 RACK MOUNTED)
- FOC-108U-XX # 7457-X (1 X 8 RACK MOUNTED)
- FOC-116U-XX # 7460-X (1 X 16 RACK MOUNTED)
- FOC-23-16-U # 7486U(1X6 RACK MOUNTED)
C
(FIBER OPTIC RECEIVER)
- FRDA-S4A-860-43PA # 7400-P84-A (135 CHANNELS, SURFACE MOUNTED)
- FRRA-S4A-860-43PA # 7411-P84-A (135 CHANNELS, RACK MOUNTED)
- FOCN-S4S-201 #7420-1 (135 CHANNELS, SURFACE MOUNT)
D
(MODULAR RACK CHASSIS AND POWER SUPPLY)
- MIRC-4D # 7711 (4 SLOT CHASSIS & POWER SUPPLY)
- MIRC-12V # 7715 (12 SLOT CHASSIS)
- MIPS-12C # 7722C (12 UNIT POWER SUPPLY)
A
D
SINGLE MODE
FIBER 1310 NM
B
SINGLE MODE
FIBER 1310 NM
C
TO COAX DISTRIBUTION
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
5353
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
01/03/08
WNW
AC-100903P
Broadband Specification Guide
High Speed Broadband Internet
Functionality
There are many different methods to provide broadband Internet access. The MegaPort system allows an
operator to deliver high speed Internet access over a new or existing two-way coaxial cable network. Ideal
applications include multiple-dwelling communities, educational institutions and hospitality (hotel/motel)
environments.
In Depth Description
The MegaPort system consists of two major components. The MegaPort Gateway (MPG) is a broadband
Ethernet Router or Bridge that essentially converts an Ethernet based Internet connection to RF for transmission
over the two-way broadband coaxial cable network. A single Gateway can provide service to 64 outlets. System
capacity can be easily expanded by adding additional Gateway units or purchasing a software license to upgrade
the subscriber capability up to 250 outlets.
A MegaPort Outlet (MPO) acts as a cable modem and is used to convert the RF data signal back to Ethernet to
deliver data at the computer location. The MPO takes a unique approach with its infrastructure based design that
facilitates permanent installation. Each MPO is MAC addressed that allows for easy remote software activation
and deactivation. In addition, installing multiple MPOs allows the ability to offer “home networking” for functions
like file transfer and printer sharing. All this is accomplished without interference to existing TV channels or other
interactive services.
The MegaPort system is compatible with practically any two-way coaxial cable network. There are several MPO
types that are available for various applications, of which the most common standard units are listed on the
next page. If you pick one product from each category on the next page, you will have all of the components
to ensure a working design. Once all of the products are identified, the specifications can be looked up in the
specification library at the end of this publication.
54
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
High Speed Broadband Internet
>
>
A
E
F
Out
---
---
FROM CATV INPUT
OR OUTPUT
OF HEADEND
Tap
Ethernet
A
(MegaPort Gateway)
- MPG-1100 # 2681
B
(MegaPort Outlet)
- MPO-ESM-70 # 2677 (Ethernet Surface Mount, 64-76 MHz DS)
- MPO-ESM-52 # 2673 (Ethernet Surface Mount, 48-56 MHz DS)
C
(WALL PLATE)
- V-1GF-FT # 3187
- TF-GF-FT # 4691
D
(Directional Coupler)
- SRT-# # 1940-# (1 Tap Port - 9 dB Min.)
- SRT-2A-# # 1942-# (2 Tap Ports - 8 dB Min.)
- SRT-4A-# # 1944-# (4 Tap Ports - 11 dB Min.)
- SRT-8A-# # 1948-# (8 Tap Ports - 14 dB Min.)
D
In
To/From
Distribution System
WAN
Port
-->
RF Port
Local
Access
Port
E
(Single Channel Elimination Filter)
CEF-750 (Ch A-8, SPI) # 4446
F
(50 MHz High-Pass Filter)
MP-EZHP # 2691
B
WALL PLATE
RG-59 50' MAX
N
IO
IS
EV
C
L
TE
R
TE
PU
OM
C
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
5555
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
07/31/06
WNW
AC-021405T
Broadband Specification Guide
Remote Power Reset
Functionality
This system will allow you to remotely power-up or shutdown equipment. In the event of an equipment
malfunction that requires a “cold boot” to reset it, this system can cycle the AC power on and off via a telephone
modem or Ethernet connection.
In Depth Description
The remote power reset (RPR) unit has eight AC outlets on its rear panel that are independently addressed
to control one or more components. In addition to manual resets the RPR can be set for a scheduled reset
through the use of it's internal real time clock. Standard AC outlet strips can be plugged in to provide multiple
receptacles off a single RPR. The RPR has a total maximum current draw of 12 amps. The RPR uses a standard
internal Internet Explorer® web browser interface to access the unit. Many advanced functions are available
for example, current sensing, alarms and SNMP communication. If you pick one product from each category
on the next page, you will have all of the components to ensure a working design. Once all of the products are
identified, the specifications can be looked up in the specification library at the end of this publication.
56
Broadband Specification Guide
Functional Block Diagram
Remote Power Reset
A
B
Ethernet
C
A
B
(Any Device)
- Any device that you want to power cycle remotely via
an Ethernet connection
C
(Remote Power Reset)
- RPR-8 #3921
BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES INC.
OLD BRIDGE, NEW JERSEY 08857
5757
DRAWN
ENGINEER
DWG NO.
01/03/08
WNW
AC-021405R
Broadband Specification Guide
Equipment Specifications Library
Model
Page #
AD-1B...............................................59
AD-1B OPT 17.................................59
AM-45-550......................................59
AM-60-550 OPT 4...........................60
AM-60-860 OPT 5...........................60
AMCM-860.....................................61
AMM-806........................................61
AP-40-550B.....................................62
AP-40-550B OPT 14........................62
AP-60-550B.....................................63
AP-60-550B OPT 17........................63
AQD ...............................................64
AQD-PCM/QTRC . ..........................64
AQD-RCS..........................................65
AQM ..............................................65
AQT..................................................66
AQT-PCM/QTRC..............................66
AQT-RCS...........................................67
BIDA-55A-30P.................................67
BIDA-75A-30P.................................68
BIDA-86A-30P.................................68
BIDA-55A-43P.................................69
BIDA-75A-43P.................................69
BIDA-86A-43P.................................70
BIDA-100A-30.................................70
BPF-U...............................................71
BTY-5-LB...........................................71
BTY-10-HB.......................................71
BTY-10-U..........................................72
BTY-LP-BB........................................72
BTY-LP-HB........................................73
BTY-LP-LB.........................................73
BTY-UHF-BB.....................................73
Model
Page #
CDSR-6198A....................................74
CEF-750 ..........................................74
CMA-B.............................................75
CMA-BB...........................................75
CMA-HB...........................................75
CMA-LB............................................76
CMA-Uc...........................................76
DFCS-24...........................................76
DFCS-32...........................................77
DHDP-V . .........................................77
DSV-42.............................................78
FIBT-S3A-XXXX ...............................78
FOC-23-16-U...................................79
FOC-102U-XX..................................79
FOC-104U-XX..................................79
FOC-108U-XX..................................80
FOC-116U-XX..................................80
FOCN-S4S-201.................................80
FRDA-S4A-860-43PA.......................81
FRRA-S4A-860-43PA.......................81
IPME-CH..........................................82
IPME-2.............................................82
KU 1.0 UNV.....................................83
LNBF-Dual-R....................................83
LPI-188PS.........................................83
LPI 3300...........................................84
MAVM-60-861-TX..........................84
MAVM-861-XX................................85
MAVM-861-TX................................85
MIBT-S3A-XXX.................................86
MICM-45C.......................................86
MICM-45S.......................................87
MIDM-806C....................................87
58
Model
Page #
MIRC-4D .........................................88
MIRC-12V/MIPS-12C......................88
MPG-1100.......................................88
MPO-ESM-52..................................89
MPO-ESM-70..................................89
MSBC...............................................89
OC-8D..............................................90
OC-12D............................................90
OC-24E.............................................90
OC-32E.............................................91
PS-1526...........................................91
PS-1536...........................................91
RMDA-550-30P...............................92
RMDA-750-30P...............................92
RMDA-860-30P...............................93
RMDA-860-43P...............................93
RMDA-86A-30 . ..............................94
RPR-8...............................................94
SAIP-60-860.....................................95
SCMA-Ub.........................................95
SMR-1600........................................95
SMS-3400........................................96
SRT...................................................96
SRT-2A..............................................96
SRT-4A..............................................97
SRT-8A..............................................97
SXRS-2..............................................97
SXRS-3..............................................98
SXRS-4..............................................98
SXRS-8..............................................99
TF-GF-FT..........................................99
TVCB-PC.........................................100
V-1GF-FT........................................100
Broadband Specification Guide
Equipment Specifications Library
AD-1B
The demodulator shall be a frequency agile, audio/video demodulator equipped with a Nyquist filter to ensure stable and accurate demodulation. The demodulator
shall demodulate NTSC, HRC or IRC cable TV channels to a 1 volt peak to peak video, and a 500 mV RMS audio. The input channel shall be field settable via front
panel DIP switches. The demodulator shall have front panel controls for video response and input channel selection. There shall be a AGC circuit on the RF input
to compensate for input level variations. The demodulator shall be BTSC compatible via 4.5 MHz audio sub-carrier and broadband multiplex audio output. The
demodulator shall be equal to Blonder Tongue AD-1 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 54 to 88, 108 to 806 MHz
d) 4.5 MHz Sub-carrier Output Level: 35 dBmV
b) Input Level: 20 dBmV Maximum
e) Tuning Increment: 250 kHz
c) Video Output Level : 1 V p-p
f)
Impedance: 75 Ω
AD-1B OPT 17
The demodulator shall be a frequency agile, audio/video demodulator equipped with a Nyquist filter to ensure stable and accurate demodulation. The demodulator
shall demodulate NTSC, HRC or IRC cable TV channels to a 1 volt peak to peak video, and a 500 mV RMS audio. The input channel shall be field settable via front
panel DIP switches. The demodulator shall have front panel controls for video response and input channel selection. There shall be a AGC circuit on the RF input
to compensate for input level variations. The demodulator shall be BTSC compatible via 4.5 MHz audio sub-carrier and broadband multiplex audio output. The
demodulator shall be equal to Blonder Tongue AD-1 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range:
d) 4.5 MHz Sub-carrier Output Level: 35 dBmV
7 to 49, 54 to 88, 108 to 806 MHz
e) Tuning Increment: 250 kHz
b) Input Level: 20 dBmV Maximum
f) Impedance: 75 Ω
c) Video Output Level : 1 V p-p
AM-45-550
The modulator shall be a frequency agile, solid state heterodyne audio/video modulator equipped with Emergency Alert System alternate IF input. The modulator
shall modulate a 0.7-2.5 volt peak to peak, sync negative video source and a 140 mV RMS audio source to output CATV channels 2 to 78. The modulator shall have a
composite IF loop-thru, and front panel controls for video, audio modulation levels, aural to visual ratio and output level. The modulator shall be BTSC compatible via
field-defeatable audio pre-emphasis. The modulator shall be equal to Blonder Tongue AM-45-550 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 54 to 550 MHz
e) C/N In Channel: 63 dB
b) Output Level: 45 dBmV Minimum
f) Output Return Loss: 12 dB Minimum
c) Output Level Control: 10 dB
g) Broadband Noise: -77 dBc
d) Spurious Outputs: -60 dBc
AM-60-550 OPT 4
The modulator shall be a frequency agile, solid state heterodyne audio/video modulator equipped with Emergency Alert System alternate IF input. The modulator
shall modulate a 0.7-2.5 volt peak to peak, sync negative video source and a 140 mV RMS audio source to output CATV channels T7 to T14, or 2 to 78. The modulator
shall have a composite IF loop-thru, and front panel controls for video, audio modulation levels, aural to visual ratio and output level. The modulator shall be BTSC
compatible via field-defeatable audio pre-emphasis. The modulator shall be equal to Blonder Tongue AM-60-550 OPT 4 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 7 to 49 MHz or 54 to 550 MHz
e) C/N In Channel: 63 dB
b) Output Level: 60 dBmV Minimum
f) Output Return Loss: 14 dB Minimum
c) Output Level Control: 10 dB
g) Broadband Noise: -77 dBc
d) Spurious Outputs: -60 dBc
AM-60-860 OPT 5
The modulator shall be a frequency agile, solid state heterodyne audio/video modulator equipped with Emergency Alert System alternate IF input, and BTSC stereo
encoder. The modulator shall modulate a 1 volt peak to peak, sync negative video source and a 140 mV RMS audio source to output CATV channels 2 to 135 by
changing front panel push button switches. The modulator shall have a composite IF loop-thru, and front panel controls for video, audio modulation levels, aural to
visual ratio and output level. The modulator shall be equal to Blonder Tongue AM-60-860 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 54 to 860 MHz
e) C/N In Channel: 63 dB
b) Output Level: 60 dBmV Minimum
f) Output Return Loss: 14 dB Minimum
c) Output Level Control: 10 dB
g) Broadband Noise: -77 dBc
d) Spurious Outputs: -60 dBc
59
Broadband Specification Guide
Equipment Specifications Library
AMCM-860
The modulator shall be a frequency agile heterodyne audio/video modulator. It shall have a modular die cast chassis for superior RFI protection and heat dissipation.
The modulator shall modulate a nominal 1.0 volt peak to peak, negative sync video source and a 140 mV RMS audio source to a CATV channel from 2 to 135 by
changing the front panel channel selector. The modulator shall have front panel controls for video, audio modulation levels, aural to visual ratio and output level. The
modulator shall be BTSC compatible via field-defeatable audio pre-emphasis. The modulator shall be equal to Blonder Tongue AMCM-860 and shall meet or exceed
the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 54 to 860 MHz
e) C/N In Channel: 65 dB
b) Output Level: 45 dBmV Minimum
f) Output Return Loss: 12 dB Minimum
c) Output Level Control: 15 dB
g) Broadband Noise: -76 dBc
d) Spurious Outputs: -60 dBc
AMM-806
The modulator shall be a frequency agile heterodyne audio/video modulator. It shall have a modular die cast chassis for superior RFI protection and heat dissipation.
The modulator shall modulate a nominal 1.0 volt peak to peak, negative sync video source and a 140 mV RMS audio source to a CATV channel from 2 to 125 by
changing field settable DIP switches. The modulator shall have front panel controls for video, audio modulation levels, aural to visual ratio and output level. The
modulator shall be BTSC compatible via field-defeatable audio pre-emphasis. The modulator shall be equal to Blonder Tongue AMM-806 and shall meet or exceed
the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 54 to 806 MHz
e) C/N In Channel: 60 dB
b) Output Level: 45 dBmV Minimum
f) Output Return Loss: 10 dB Minimum
c) Output Level Control: 10 dB
g) Broadband Noise: -75 dBc
d) Spurious Outputs: -60 dBc
AP-40-550B
The processor shall be a frequency agile, solid state heterodyne processor, equipped with Emergency Alert System alternate IF input. The processor shall also have
an externally accessible IF loop. The processor shall have dual SAW filters to assure proper adjacent channel rejection and delayed AGC circuitry to automatically
compensate for input signal variations. The processor shall be capable of moving any input channel, (54 to 806 MHz), to any output channel, (50-550 MHz). The
processor shall be equal to Blonder Tongue AP-40-550B and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Input Frequency Range: 54 to 88, 108 to 806 MHz
Output Frequency Range: 50 to 550 MHz
Input Level Range: -18 to +30 dBmV
Output Level: 40 dBmV Minimum
Output Level Adjust: 10 dB
g)
h)
i)
(1) Input: 12 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 14 dB Minimum
Broadband Noise: -76 dBc
Spurious Outputs: -60 dBc
Aural Visual Carrier Adjustment Range: 0 to –10 dB
f)AP-40-550B
Return Loss: OPT 14
The processor shall be a frequency agile, solid state heterodyne processor equipped with Emergency Alert System alternate IF input. The processor shall also have
an externally accessible IF loop. The processor shall be quipped to perform on-channel processing with out visible distortions due to the presence of strong local
broadcast signals. The processor shall have dual SAW filters to assure proper adjacent channel rejection and delayed AGC circuitry to automatically compensate for
input signal variations. The processor shall be capable of moving any input channel, (54 to 806 MHz), to any output channel, (50-550 MHz). The processor shall be
equal to Blonder Tongue AP-40-550B OPT 14 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Input Frequency Range: 54 to 88 MHz, 108 to 806 MHz
Output Frequency Range: 50 to 550 MHz
Input Level Range: -18 to +30 dBmV
Output Level: 40 dBmV Minimum
Output Level Adjust: 10 dB
f)
g)
h)
i)
Return Loss:
(1) Input: 12 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 14 dB Minimum
Broadband Noise: -76 dBc
Spurious Outputs: -60 dBc
Aural / Visual Carrier Adjustment Range: 0 to –10 dB
AP-60-550B
The processor shall be a frequency agile, solid state heterodyne processor, equipped with Emergency Alert System alternate IF input. The processor shall also have
an externally accessible IF loop. The processor shall have dual SAW filters to assure proper adjacent channel rejection and delayed AGC circuitry to automatically
compensate for input signal variations. The processor shall be capable of moving any input channel, (54 to 806 MHz), to any output channel, (50-550 MHz). The
processor shall be equal to Blonder Tongue AP-60-550B and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)Input Frequency Range: 54 to 88, 108
to 806 MHz
b) Output Frequency Range: 50
to 550 MHz
c) Input Level Range: -18 to
+30 dBmV
d) Output Level: 60 dBmV Minimum
e) Output Level Adjust: 10 dB
f) Return Loss:
(1) Input: 12 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 14 dB Minimum
g) Broadband Noise: -76 dBc
h) Spurious Outputs: -60 dBc
i) Aural Visual Carrier Adjustment Range: 0 to –10 dB
60
Broadband Specification Guide
Equipment Specifications Library
AP-60-550B OPT 17
The processor shall be a frequency agile, solid state heterodyne processor equipped with Emergency Alert System alternate IF input. The processor shall also have
an externally accessible IF loop. The processor shall have a field selectable block upconverter to be able to accept sub-band input channels. The processor shall have
dual SAW filters to assure proper adjacent channel rejection and delayed AGC circuitry to automatically compensate for input signal variations. The processor shall be
capable of moving any input channel, to any output channel, as defined in the specifications below. The processor shall be equal to Blonder Tongue AP-60-550A OPT
17 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Input Frequency Range: 7 to 49 MHz,
54 to 88 MHz, 108 to 806 MHz
Output Frequency Range: 50 to 550 MHz
Input Level Range: -18 to +30 dBmV
Output Level: 60 dBmV Minimum
AQD
e) Output Level Adjust: 10 dB
f) Return Loss:
(1) Input: 12 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 14 dB Minimum
g) Broadband Noise: -76 dBc
h) Spurious Outputs: -60 dBc
i) Aural Visual Carrier Adjustment Range: 0 to –10 dB
The HDTV (ATSC/QAM) demodulator shall have a 3RU modular design to permit up to eight units to be inserted in a chassis with a common power and control unit.
The demodulator shall output a NTSC composite video via an F connector and audio via left/right RCA connectors. The HDTV demodulator shall be capable of decoding
all 18 ATSC (Advanced Television Systems Committee) standard formats including 8VSB, annex B QAM 64 and QAM 256. The HDTV demodulator will have its video
displayed in 480i (NTSC) in 4:3 or 16:9 formats with closed captioning decoding supported as well. The HDTV demodulator shall be equal to Blonder Tongue AQD and
shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)Input Tuning Range:
i) 8VSB
(1) VHF 2-13: 54-216
(2) UHF 14-69: 470-806
(3) CATV: 2-135
ii) QAM
(1) CATV: 2-135
b)Operating Input Range:
-20 dbmV to +20 dBmV
c) Data Rate:
i) 8VSB Mode: 19.392 Mbps
ii) QAM 64 Annex B:
26.9 Mbps, Auto Detection
iii) QAM 256 Annex B:
38.8 Mbps, Auto Detection
d) Video Output: NTSC Composite Video
i) Output Level: 1 V p-p
ii) Aspect Ratio: 4:3, 16:9 (Pan and Scan)
iii) Closed Captioning: EIA-608
iv) Format: 480i
e) Audio Output: Analog
i) Output Level: 1 Vrms
ii) Audio Control: Adjustable in 2 dB steps
f)Dimensions (W x H x D): 1.5 x 5.25 x 10.63 in.
AQD-PCM/QTRC
The rack chassis and power supply / control module shall provide eight modular slots for mounting and powering AQD (ATSC/QAM) demodulators. The rack chassis
shall be UL Listed and occupy 3RU’s in a 19 inch rack. The power and control unit shall have a 2 line by 16 character liquid crystal display (LCD) to allow interaction with
easy to follow user menu functions for simple programming. The rack chassis and its power and control module shall be equal to Blonder Tongue QTRC and AQD-PCM.
They shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)Power Requirements Input: 115 VAC 50/60 Hz
b) Operating Temperature Range: 0 to 50º C
c) Chassis Size (W x H x D): 19 X 5.25 x 12.0 in.
AQD-RCS
The AQD-RCS (Remote Configuration Server) shall be an optional unit and have a modular design to interface with the PCM (Power & Control Module) and occupying
one slot of the Rack Chassis. The RCS will feature a graphical web browser based interface to permit remote computer control of the entire AQD headend. The unit
shall have a programmable static IP address and function with standard browsers such as Microsoft® Internet Explorer® 6.0 or later and not require any software to
be loaded onto an operators computer. The RCS shall be equal to the Blonder Tongue AQD-RCS or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
IP Addressing: Fixed Static IP
User Name & Password: Software Settable
Administrator & View Modes
Module Dimensions (W x H x D):
11.31 x 5.25 x 1.5 in.
Chassis Dimensions: 19 x 5.25 x 12 in.
Mounting: Standard 3 EIA Unit Height
5.25 x 19 in.
Power Requirement: 5 VDC, 200 mA
Operating Temperature: 0º to +50º C
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
Storage Temperature: -20º to +70º C
Humidity: 0 to 95% RH
RJ-45 Ethernet Connector
RJ-11 RS-232 Serial Data Connector
12-pin Power Connector
Ethernet Link LED
Ethernet Receive LED
Ethernet Transmit LED
61
Broadband Specification Guide
Equipment Specifications Library
AQM
The QAM modulator shall have a 2RU modular design to permit up to six units to be inserted in a chassis with a common power supply. The modulator shall provide
modulation modes of 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512 and 1024 QAM. It shall have an integrated frequency agile upconverter capable of CATV output channels 2 to 135.
The QAM modulator shall be equal to Blonder Tongue AQM and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Input: ASI (per EN 50083-9)
b) Symbol Rate: Variable, up to 10 Mbaud
c) FEC Encoder:
Complies with ITU-T J.83 Standards,
Annex A (DVB) & Annex B
d) MER: 40 dB
e) RF Output: CATV 2 to 135 (54-864 MHz)
f) Output Level:
+40 dBmV (average measurement)
g) Output Level Control: 10 dB
h) Amplitude Flatness: ± 0.25 dB (over 6 MHz)
i) Phase Noise: @ 10 kHz Offset: -98 dBc
j) Spurious Output (54-1000 MHz): - 60 dBc
k) Broadband Noise:
-77 dBc (@ 40 dBmV out, 4 MHz BW)
l)Controls: LCD display with 5 interactive navigation/enter push buttons
m) Connectors:
ASI input (BNC 75 Ω), RF output (F)
n) Operating Temperature Range: 0 to 50º C
o) Dimensions (W x H x D): 2.3 x 3.5 x 7.5 in.
AQT
The ATSC/QAM to QAM transcoder shall have a 3RU modular chassis design permitting up to eight units to be mounted along with a common power supply and
control unit. The transcoder modules shall be compatible with both off-air 8VSB and CATV QAM channel inputs. The ATSC/AQM transcoder shall be equal to Blonder
Tongue AQT and shall meet the following specifications:
a) Demod Mode
d) QAM Output
a. ATSC: 8VSB or 16VSB
a. 54-860 MHz (CATV 2-135)
b. ITUA: 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 QAM
b. Variable Bandwidth
c. ITUB: 64, 256 QAM
c. +40 dBmV Output level (average meas.)
b) 8 VSB Input Range:
d. 16, 32, 64, 128 and 256 Modulation modes
a. VHF/UHF, 54-806 MHz
e. -95 dBc Phase Noise @ 10 kHz
b. Level
e) Dimensions (W x H x D): 1.5 x 5.25 x 10.63 in.
i. -28 dBmV Min. 8VSB
ii. -25 dBmV Min. 16VSB
c) QAM Input Range
a. 54-861 MHz
b. Level
i. -20 dBmV Min. QAM64
ii. -15 dBmV Min. QAM256
AQT-PCM/QTRC
The rack chassis and power supply/control module shall be UL Listed and provide eight modular slots for mounting and powering AQT (ATSC/QAM) transcoders. The
rack chassis shall occupy 3 RU’s in a 19 inch rack. The power and control unit shall have a backlit Liquid Crystal Display with 5 navigation/enter push buttons. The rack
chassis and its power supply/control module shall be equal to Blonder Tongue QTRC and AQT-PCM. They shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Power Requirement: 100 to 265 VAC 50/60 Hz, 107 W
b) Operating Temperature: 0 to 50º C
c) Chassis Size (W x H x D): 19 x 5.25 x 12 in.
AQT-RCS
The AQT-RCS (Remote Configuration Server) shall be an optional unit and have a modular design to interface with the PCM (Power & Control Module) and occupying
one slot of the Rack Chassis. The RCS will feature a graphical web browser based interface to permit remote computer control of the entire AQT headend. The unit
shall have a programmable static IP address and function with standard browsers such as Microsoft® Internet Explorer® 6.0 or later and not require any software to
be loaded onto an operators computer. The RCS shall be equal to the Blonder Tongue AQD-RCS or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
IP Addressing: Fixed Static IP
User Name & Password: Software Settable
Administrator & View Modes
Module Dimensions (W x H x D):
11.31 x 5.25 x 1.5 in.
Chassis Dimensions: 19 x 5.25 x 12 in.
Mounting: Standard 3 EIA Unit Height
5.25 x 19 in.
Power Requirement: 5 VDC, 200 mA
h) Operating Temperature: 0º to +50º C
i)
Storage Temperature: -20º to +70º C
j)
Humidity: 0 to 95% RH
k) RJ-45 Ethernet Connector
l)
RJ-11 RS-232 Serial Data Connector
m) 12-pin Power Connector
n) Ethernet Link LED
o) Ethernet Receive LED
p) Ethernet Transmit LED
62
Broadband Specification Guide
Equipment Specifications Library
BIDA-55A-30P
The distribution amplifiers shall be housed in a heavy 100% shielded enclosure and employ power doubling hybrid circuitry for forward path amplification. The amplifier
shall contain an integrated, amplified return path that is field defeatable. The amplifiers shall have mounting tabs for securing to any flat surface, and be powered be an
external UL listed power transformer. The amplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BIDA-55A-30P, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Forward Passband: 49 to 550 MHz
i) Terminal Impedance: 75 Ω
b) Reverse Passband: 5 to 36 MHz
j) Noise Figure: 7.0 dB Maximum
c) Flatness: ±0.50 dB or better
k) Hum Modulation: -70 dB
d) Gain: 32 dB
l) Number of Channels: 77
e) Manual Gain Control Range: 10 dB
m) Output Level:
f) Manual Slope Control Range: 8 dB
(1) LowestChannel: 36 dBmV
g) Test Ports:
(2) Highest Channel: 44 dBmV
(1) Input: -30 ±2 dB
n) Composite Triple Beat Distortion -71 dB
(2) Output: -30 ±2 dB
o) Cross Modulation: -74 dB
h) Return Loss:
p) Transformer AC input: 120 VAC, 60 Hz
(1) Input: 16 dB Minimum
q) Operating Temperature: -20° C to 60° C
(2) Output: 16 dB Minimum
BIDA-75A-30P
The distribution amplifiers shall be housed in a heavy 100% shielded enclosure and employ power doubling hybrid circuitry for forward path amplification. The amplifier
shall contain an integrated, amplified return path that is field defeatable. The amplifiers shall have mounting tabs for securing to any flat surface, and be powered be an
external UL listed power transformer. The amplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BIDA-75A-30P, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Forward Passband: 49 to 750 MHz
i) Terminal Impedance: 75 Ω
b) Reverse Passband: 5 to 36 MHz
j) Noise Figure: 8.5 dB Maximum
c) Flatness: ±0.70 dB or better
k) Hum Modulation: -70 dB
d) Gain: 32 dB
l) Number of Channels: 110
e) Manual Gain Control Range: 10 dB
m) Output Level:
f) Manual Slope Control Range: 8 dB
(1) Lowest Channel: 36 dBmV
g) Test Ports:
(2) Highest Channel: 44 dBmV
(1) Input: -30 ±2 dB
n) Composite Triple Beat Distortion -64 dB
(2) Output: -30 ±2 dB
o) Cross Modulation: -68 dB
h) Return Loss:
p) Transformer AC input: 120 VAC, 60 Hz
(1) Input: 16 dB Minimum
q) Operating Temperature: -20° C to 60° C
(2) Output: 16 dB Minimum
BIDA-86A-30P
The distribution amplifiers shall be housed in a heavy 100% shielded enclosure and employ power doubling hybrid circuitry for forward path amplification. The amplifier
shall contain an integrated, amplified return path that is field defeatable. The amplifiers shall have mounting tabs for securing to any flat surface, and be powered be an
external UL listed power transformer. The amplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BIDA-86A-30P, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
i) Terminal Impedance: 75 Ω
a) Forward Passband: 49 to 860 MHz
b) Reverse Passband: 5 to 36 MHz
j) Noise Figure: 8.5 dB Maximum
c) Flatness: ±0.75 dB or better
k) Hum Modulation: -70 dB
d) Gain: 32 dB
l) Number of Channels: 129
e) Manual Gain Control Range: 10 dB
m) Output Level:
(1) LowestChannel: 36 dBmV
f) Manual Slope Control Range: 8 dB
g) Test Ports:
(2) Highest Channel: 44 dBmV
(1) Input: -30 ±2 dB
n) Composite Triple Beat Distortion -62 dB
(2) Output: -30 ±2 dB
o) Cross Modulation: -62 dB
h) Return Loss:
p) Transformer AC input: 120 VAC, 60 Hz
(1) Input: 16 dB Minimum
q) Operating Temperature: -20° C to 60° C
(2) Output: 16 dB Minimum
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BIDA-55A-43P
The distribution amplifiers shall be housed in a heavy 100% shielded enclosure and employ power doubling hybrid circuitry for forward path amplification. The
amplifier shall contain an integrated, amplified return path that is field defeatable. The amplifiers shall have mounting tabs for securing to any flat surface, and be
powered be an external UL listed power transformer. The amplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BIDA-55A-43P, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
Forward Passband: 49 to 550 MHz
Reverse Passband: 5 to 36 MHz
Flatness: ±0.50 dB or better
Gain: 43 dB
Manual Gain Control Range: 10 dB
Manual Slope Control Range: 8 dB
Test Ports:
(1) Input: -30 ±2 dB
(2) Output: -30 ±2 dB
Return Loss:
(1) Input: 16 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 16 dB Minimum
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
q)
Terminal Impedance: 75 Ω
Noise Figure: 7.0 dB Maximum
Hum Modulation: -70 dB
Number of Channels: 77
Output Level:
(1) LowestChannel: 36 dBmV
(2) Highest Channel: 44 dBmV
Composite Triple Beat Distortion -68 dB
Cross Modulation: -69 dB
Transformer AC input: 120 VAC, 60 Hz
Operating Temperature: -20° C to 60° C
BIDA-75A-43P
The distribution amplifiers shall be housed in a heavy 100% shielded enclosure and employ power doubling hybrid circuitry for forward path amplification. The
amplifier shall contain an integrated, amplified return path that is field defeatable. The amplifiers shall have mounting tabs for securing to any flat surface, and be
powered be an external UL listed power transformer. The amplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BIDA-75A-43P, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
Forward Passband: 49 to 750 MHz
Reverse Passband: 5 to 36 MHz
Flatness: ±0.70 dB or better
Gain: 43 dB
Manual Gain Control Range: 10 dB
Manual Slope Control Range: 8 dB
Test Ports:
(1) Input: -30 ±2 dB
(2) Output: -30 ±2 dB
Return Loss:
(1) Input: 16 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 16 dB Minimum
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
q)
Terminal Impedance: 75 Ω
Noise Figure: 8.5 dB Maximum
Hum Modulation: -70 dB
Number of Channels: 110
Output Level:
(1) LowestChannel: 36 dBmV
(2) Highest Channel: 44 dBmV
Composite Triple Beat Distortion -64 dB
Cross Modulation: -68 dB
Transformer AC input: 120 VAC, 60 Hz
Operating Temperature: -20° C to 60° C
BIDA-86A-43P
The distribution amplifiers shall be housed in a heavy 100% shielded enclosure and employ power doubling hybrid circuitry for forward path amplification. The
amplifier shall contain an integrated, amplified return path that is field defeatable. The amplifiers shall have mounting tabs for securing to any flat surface, and be
powered be an external UL listed power transformer. The amplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BIDA-86A-43P, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
Forward Passband: 49 to 860 MHz
Reverse Passband: 5 to 36 MHz
Flatness: ± 0.70 dB or better
Gain: 43 dB
Manual Gain Control Range: 10 dB
Manual Slope Control Range: 8 dB
Test Ports:
(1) Input: -30 ±2 dB
(2) Output: -30 ±2 dB
Return Loss:
(1) Input: 16 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 16 dB Minimum
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
q)
Terminal Impedance: 75 Ω
Noise Figure: 7.0 dB Maximum
Hum Modulation: -70 dB
Number of Channels: 129
Output Level:
(1) Lowest Channel: 36 dBmV
(2) Highest Channel: 44 dBmV
Composite Triple Beat Distortion -60 dB
Cross Modulation: -65 dB
Transformer AC input: 120 VAC, 60 Hz
Operating Temperature: -20° C to 60° C
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Broadband Specification Guide
Equipment Specifications Library
BIDA-100A-30
The distribution amplifiers shall be housed in a heavy 100% shielded enclosure and employ power doubling hybrid circuitry for forward path amplification. The amplifier
shall contain an integrated, amplified return path that is field defeatable. The amplifiers shall have mounting tabs for securing to any flat surface, and be powered
be an external UL listed power transformer. The amplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BIDA-100A-43P, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Forward Passband: 49 to 1000 MHz
i) Terminal Impedance: 75 Ω
b) Reverse Passband: 5 to 36 MHz
j) Noise Figure: 8.5 dB Maximum
k) Hum Modulation: -70 dB
c) Flatness: ±0.75 dB or better
d) Gain: 32 dB
l) Number of Channels: 150
e) Manual Gain Control Range: 10 dB
m) Output Level:
f) Manual Slope Control Range: 8 dB
(1) LowestChannel: 32 dBmV
g) Test Ports:
(2) Highest Channel: 40 dBmV
(1) Input: -30 ±2 dB
n) Composite Triple Beat Distortion -59 dB
(2) Output: -30 ±2 dB
o) Cross Modulation: -60 dB
h) Return Loss:
p) Transformer AC input: 120 VAC, 60 Hz
(1) Input: 16 dB Minimum
q) Operating Temperature: -20° C to 60° C
(2) Output: 16 dB Minimum
BPF-U
UHF bandpass filters shall be constructed in a die-cast housing allowing installation on an antenna mast, or flat wall mounting. All connectors on the bandpass filter
shall be type F. The UHF bandpass filters shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BPF-U and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Impedance: 75 Ω
b) Flatness: ±0.2 dB
c) Insertion Loss: 1.8 dB Maximum
d) Alternate Channel Response:
(1) Upper (+9 MHz): -17 dB Minimum
(2) Lower (-9 MHz): -17 dB Minimum
BTY-5-LB
Single Channel Low Band VHF antennas shall be of the Yagi design with a flat frequency response. Gain over isotropic shall be 9.2 dBi. The antenna boom shall be
constructed of 6063-T6 aluminum with 5/6 elements constructed of 6063-T52 aluminum. The element ends shall be sealed against entry of moisture and weather
protected with an anti-corrosion finish. The VHF antennas shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BTY-5-LB and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Impedance: 75 Ω
e) Survival Wind Load: 125 mph
b) Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 1.67:1
f) 3 dB Horizontal Beamwidth: 63 Degrees
c) Gain Over Isotropic: 9.2 dBi
g) Bandwidth: 8 MHz (23 MHz, FM)
d) Front-To-Back Radio: 17 dB Minimum
h) Channels: 2 to 6, FM
BTY-10-HB
Single Channel High Band VHF antennas shall be of the Yagi design with a flat frequency response. Gain over isotropic shall be 13.2 dBi. The antenna boom shall be
constructed of 6063-T6 aluminum with 10 elements constructed of 6063-T52 aluminum. The element ends shall be sealed against entry of moisture and weather
protected with an anti-corrosion finish. The VHF antennas shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BTY-10-HB and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Impedance: 75 Ω
e) Survival Wind Load: 125 mph
b) Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 1.33:1
f) 3 dB Horizontal Beamwidth: 51 Degrees
c) Gain Over Isotropic: 13.2 dBi
g) Bandwidth: 8 MHz
d) Front-To-Back Radio: 17 dB Minimum h) Channels: 7 to 13
BTY-10-U
Single Channel UHF antennas shall be of the Yagi design with a flat frequency response. Gain over isotropic shall be 12.2 dBi or greater. The antenna boom shall be
constructed of 6063-T6 aluminum with 10 elements constructed of 6063-T52 aluminum. The element ends shall be sealed against entry of moisture and weather
protected with an anti-corrosion finish. The UHF antennas shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BTY-10-U and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Impedance: 75 Ω
e) 3 dB Horizontal Beamwidth: 46 Degrees
b) Gain Over Isotropic: 12.2 dBi Minimum
f) Channels: 14 to 69
c) Front-To-Back Radio: 14 dB Minimum
d) Survival Wind Load: 125 mph
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Broadband Specification Guide
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BTY-LP-BB
Broadband VHF antennas shall be of the log periodic design with a flat frequency response. Gain over isotropic shall be 8.2 dBi. The antenna boom shall be constructed
of 6063-T6 aluminum with 12 elements constructed of 6063-T52 aluminum. The element ends shall be sealed against entry of moisture and weather protected with
an anti-corrosion finish. The VHF antennas shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BTY-LP-BB and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Impedance: 75 Ω
e) Survival Wind Load: 125 mph
b) Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 1.67:1
f) 3 dB Horizontal Beamwidth: 70 Degrees
c) Gain Over Isotropic: 8.2 dBi
g) Bandwidth: 54-88 and 174-216 MHz
d) Front-To-Back Radio: 18 dB Minimum
BTY-LP-HB
Highband VHF antennas shall be of the Log Periodic design with a flat frequency response. Gain over isotropic shall be 13.2 dBi or greater at channel 7 and 12.2 dBi
or greater at channel 13. The antenna boom shall be constructed of 6063-T6 aluminum with 10 elements constructed of 6063-T52 aluminum. The element ends shall
be sealed against entry of moisture and weather protected with an anti-corrosion finish. The VHF antenna shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BTY-LP-HB and shall meet
or exceed the following specifications:
a) Impedance: 75 Ω
d) Front-To-Back Radio: 20 dB Minimum
b) Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 1.67:1
e) Survival Wind Load: 125 mph
c) Gain Over Isotropic:
f) 3 dB Horizontal Beamwidth: 50.5 Degrees
(1) 13.2 dBi at channel 7
g) Bandwidth: 174-216 MHz
(2) 12.2 dBi at channel 13
BTY-LP-LB
Lowband VHF antennas shall be of the log periodic design with a flat frequency response. Gain over isotropic shall be 9.0 dBi. The antenna boom shall be constructed
of 6063-T6 aluminum with 8 elements constructed of 6063-T52 aluminum. The element ends shall be sealed against entry of moisture and weather protected with
an anti-corrosion finish. The VHF antennas shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BTY-LP-LB and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Impedance: 75 Ω
e) Survival Wind Load: 125 mph
b) Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 1.50:1
f) 3 dB Horizontal Beamwidth: 57 Degrees
c) Gain Over Isotropic: 9.0 dBi
g) Bandwidth: 54-88 MHz
d) Front-To-Back Radio: 22 dB Minimum
BTY-UHF-BB
Broadband UHF antennas shall be of the log periodic design with a flat frequency response. Gain over isotropic shall be 10.2 dBi. The antenna boom shall be
constructed of 6063-T6 aluminum with 8 elements constructed of 6063-T52 aluminum. The element ends shall be sealed against entry of moisture and weather
protected with an anti-corrosion finish. The VHF antennas shall be equal to Blonder Tongue BTY-UHF-BB and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Impedance: 75 Ω
e) Survival Wind Load: 125 mph
b) Voltage Standing Wave Ratio: 1.67:1
f) 3 dB Horizontal Beamwidth: 62 Degrees
c) Gain Over Isotropic: 10.2 dBi
g) Bandwidth: 470-890 MHz
d) Front-To-Back Radio: 18 dB Minimum
CDSR-6198A
The satellite receiver shall be a commercial rack mounted unit to receive programming from DISH Network™. The unit shall be capable of receiving MPEG-2 and DVB
signals, providing NTSC compliant decompression for NTSC video and audio. The receiver shall have front panel push button switches for channel selection, and shall
have security card access via an additional front plate. The dish NETWORK satellite receiver shall be equal to Blonder Tongue CDSR-6198A and shall meet or exceed
the following specifications:
a) Input Frequency Range: 950 to 1450 MHz
f) Audio Output Level:
b) Impedance: 75 Ω
(1) Left and Right in to 600 Ω: 0 dBm Minimum
c) Input Level: -70 to –30 dBm
(2) Mono in to 10 kΩ: 1 V p-p
d) Video Output Level: 1 V p-p
g) Audio Signal to Noise Ratio: 80 dB Minimum
e) Weight Video Signal to Noise Ratio: 55 dB Minimum
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Broadband Specification Guide
Equipment Specifications Library
CEF-750
The channel elimination filter shall be a professional quality rack mounted (1RU) product with a pass band of 50-750 MHz. The filter shall be designed to remove one
6 MHz wide television channel with an attenuation of greater than 52 dB on the visual and aural carriers with negligible loss to adjacent channel carriers. The channel
elimination filter shall be available on channels 2 through CATV 38 (54-312 MHz). The channel elimination filter shall be equal to Blonder Tongue CEF-750, and shall
meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Frequency Range
(1) Channel Elimination: 54-312 MHz
(2) Passband: 50-750 MHz
Insertion Loss: 3 dB Max
Channel Suppression: 52 dB
Adjacent Channel Insertion Loss
2 to 23: 3.0 dB
24 to 38: 4.0 dB
e) Impedance: 75 Ω
f) Return Loss: 10 dB Min.
g) Dimensions (W x H x D):
19.0 x 1.75 x 10.25 in.
CMA-B
VHF single channel preamplifiers shall be two piece construction to allow optimum placement of the amplifier in relation to the antenna. The amplifier shall be housed
in a rugged, mast mount, die-cast housing and have a -20 dB backmatched test port. The VHF single channel preamplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue CMA-b
with power supply PS-1526 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
Frequency Range: 54-216 MHz
Bandwidth:
(1) 6 MHz, Channels 2-6 and 7-13
(2) 20 MHz, FM
Gain:
(1) 29 dB, Channels 2-6
(2) 24 dB, FM
(3) 26 dB, Channels 7-13
d)
e)
Input Capability: -10 to +26 dBmV per channel
Noise Figure:
(1) 3.5 dB Maximum Channels 2-6
(2) 2.0 dB Maximum FM
(3) 2.5 dB Maximum Channels 7-13
CMA-BB
VHF broadband preamplifiers shall be two piece construction to allow optimum placement of the amplifier in relation to the antenna. The amplifier shall be housed
in a rugged, mast mount, die-cast housing and have a -20dB backmatched test port. The VHF broadband preamplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue CMA-BB with
power supply PS-1536 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
Frequency Range: 54-216 MHz
Gain: 26 dB
Input Capability: -7 to +25 dBmV per channel
d)
e)
f)
Noise Figure: 5 dB Maximum
Input Return Loss: 11 dB Minimum
Output Return Loss: 8 dB Minimum
CMA-HB
VHF high band preamplifiers shall be two piece construction to allow optimum placement of the amplifier in relation to the antenna. The amplifier shall be housed in
a rugged, mast mount, die-cast housing and have a -20 dB backmatched test port. The VHF high band preamplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue CMA-HB with
power supply PS-1536 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
Frequency Range: 174-216 MHz
Gain: 26 dB
Input Capability: -7 to +26 dBmV per channel
d)
e)
f)
Noise Figure: 5 dB Maximum
Input Return Loss: 12 dB Minimum
Output Return Loss: 9 dB Minimum
CMA-LB
VHF low band preamplifiers shall be two piece construction to allow optimum placement of the amplifier in relation to the antenna. The amplifier shall be housed in
a rugged, mast mount, die-cast housing and have a -20 dB backmatched test port. The VHF broadband preamplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue CMA-LB with
power supply PS-1536 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Frequency Range: 54-88 MHz
Gain: 26
Input Capability: -7 to +28 dBmV per channel
Noise Figure: 5 dB Maximum
e)
f)
67
Input Return Loss: 10 dB Minimum
Output Return Loss: 11 dB Minimum
Broadband Specification Guide
Equipment Specifications Library
CMA-Uc
UHF broadband preamplifiers shall be two piece construction to allow optimum placement of the amplifier in relation to the antenna. The amplifier shall be housed
in a rugged, mast mount, die-cast housing and have a -20 dB backmatched test port. The UHF broadband preamplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue CMA-Uc
with power supply PS-1526 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 470-806 MHz
b) Gain: 20 dB
c) Input Capability: -9 to +26 dBmV per channel
d) Noise Figure: 3 dB Maximum
DFCS-24
The distribution frame cable splitter shall have a 19 inch, 1RU rack mountable chassis and provide twenty four (24) output ports for drop cable connections. The
splitter shall have a -20 dB test point for testing the input signal without interruption of service. The splitter shall be equal to Blonder Tongue DFCS-24, and shall meet
or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 5-1000 MHz
e) Isolation
b) Impedance: 75 Ω
(1) Adjacent Ports: 25 dB
c) Input Test Port: -20 dB
(2) Non-Adjacent Ports: >40 dB
d) Return Loss:
f) Insertion Loss: 20 dB Maximum
(1) Input: 16 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 18 dB Minimum
DFCS-32
The distribution frame cable splitter shall have a 19 inch, 1RU rack mountable chassis and provide thirty two (32) output ports for drop cable connections. The splitter
shall have a -20 dB test point for testing the input signal without interruption of service. The splitter shall be equal to Blonder Tongue DFCS-32, and shall meet or
exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Frequency Range: 5-1000 MHz
Impedance: 75 Ω
Input Test Port: -20 dB
Return Loss:
(1) Input: 16 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 18 dB Minimum
e)
f)
Isolation
(1) Adjacent Ports: 25 dB
(2) Non-Adjacent Ports: >40 dB
Insertion Loss: 20 dB Maximum
DHDP-V
The HDTV off-air processor shall be a two-unit system consisting of a Downconverter unit which acts as the input section and an Upconverter unit which acts as the
output section. Both units are housed in a modular die-cast chassis requiring two positions or slots in a compatible modular rack chassis.
The Downconverter unit shall accept any 8VSB signal from 54-860 MHz. Channel entry shall be done by a 2 digit front panel BCD switch. (i.e.: - VHF 2-13, UHF 14-69
& unused spectrum 806-860 MHz). The Downconverter shall output an IF signal which is then fed to the Upconverter unit.
The Upconverter unit shall take the IF signal and process it to any channel from 54-860 MHz. Channel entry shall be the same as the downconverter (i.e.: - CATV, STD,
IRC & HRC as well as Broadcast VHF & UHF). The HDTV channel processor shall be equal to Blonder Tongue DHDP-V and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)Input Frequency Range:
(8VSB - downconverter)
(1) VHF 2-13: 54-216
(2) UHF 14-69: 470-806
(3) UHF Extended: 806-860
b) Operating Input Range:
-10 dbmV to +20 dBmV
c) Input Level Range:
(1) (AGC Controlled) -20 dBmV to +25 dBmV
(2) Adj. Ch. Rejection:
(Ref. to +30 dBmV IF output)
(3) Adj. Aural and Below: >65 dB
(4) Adj. Visual and Above: >65 dB
d) Output Frequency: 44.00 MHz IF
e) Phase Noise: @ 10 KHz Offset -85 dBc/Hz
f)Output Frequency Range:
54-860 MHz (upconverter)
g)
h)
i)
Channels:
(1) CATV- STD, IRC, HRC
(2) Broadcast; VHF, UHF
Output Frequency Tolerance: ±5 KHz
Output Level:
(1) Analog: +45 dBmV
(IF Input +35 dBmV)
(2) Digital: +40 dBmV
(IF Input +30dBmV)
j) Output Level Adj. Range: 10 dB
k) Spurious Output 50-1000 MHz: -60 dB
l) C/N Ratio IN Channel:
(1) Digital: -60 dB
(6 MHz BW +40 dBmV Output)
(2) Analog: -65 dB
(4 MHz BW +45 dBmV Output)
m) Broadband Noise: -76 dBc
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Broadband Specification Guide
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DSV-42
The sub-band diplexers shall be manufactured in a die-cast housing with a soldered back plate to ensure high RFI shielding. Sub-band diplexers shall be employed for
isolating and separating VHF/UHF/CATV signals (50 to 1000 MHz) from sub-channel signals (DC to 42 MHz). They shall permit two-way transmission of RF signals on a
single coaxial cable. The sub-band diplexers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue DSV-42 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Frequency Range: 5-1000 MHz
Impedance: 75 Ω
Passband:
(1) Combined: DC-42 and 50-1000 MHz
(2) High: 50-1000 MHz
(3) Low: DC-42 MHz
Insertion Loss: 0.5 dB
Return Loss: 14 dB Minimum
f)
g)
Isolation:
(1) DC-42 MHz:
(a) 50-860 MHz: 55 dB Minimum
(b) 860-1000 MHz: 45 dB Minimum
(2) 50-1000 MHz:
(a) DC-42 MHz: 45 dB Minimum
Power Passing Capability: 500 mA
FIBT-S3A-XXXX
To ensure link fidelity, both the transmitter and receiver shall be provided by the same manufacturer. The fiber transmitter shall transmit 110 channels downstream
on 9/125 mm or 10/125 mm single mode fiber. Transmitter shall be a rack mount unit with an internal power supply, and shall have a tri-color status indicator LED on
the RF input. The transmitters shall be equal to Blonder Tongue FIBT-S3A-XXXX Series and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
Operating Wavelength: 1310 nm
Bandwidth: 45 to 860 MHz
Input Impedance: 75 Ω
Back Reflection: -50 dB Maximum
Optical Output Power: 6-14 dBm
(Output power dependant on model used)
RF Input Level (110 Ch. Load): +18 dBmV
CNR (0 dBm In, 110 Ch Load): 54 dB
h) CTB (110 Ch Load): -69 dB Minimum
i) CSO (110 Ch Load): -63 dB Minimum
j) Optical Output Connector: FC/APC
k) RF Input Connector: F
l) RF Input Adjustment Range: 4dB
m)Optical Output: FC/APC Standard,
SC/APC Optional
n) RF Input Indicator: Tri-color LED
FOC-23-16-U
Where optical splitting or coupling is required by the network design, a rack-mount coupler shall be used. The coupler shall be for single mode fiber and employ FC/APC
connectors to enable broadband communications. The six port optical coupler shall be equal to Blonder Tongue FOC-23-16-U and shall meet or exceed the following
specifications:
a) Number of Inputs: 1
b) Number of Outputs: 6
c) Wavelength: 1310 or 1550 nm
d) Insertion Loss: 9.7 dB
e) Optical Connectors: FC/APC (only)
FOC-102U-XX
Where optical splitting or coupling is required by the network design, a rack-mount coupler shall be used. The coupler shall be for single mode fiber and employ either FC/
APC or SC/APC connectors to enable broadband communications. The two port optical coupler shall be equal to Blonder Tongue FOC-102U-XX and shall meet or exceed
the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 54-88 MHz
d) Noise Figure: 5 dB Maximum
a) Number of Inputs: 1
b) Number of Outputs: 2
b) Gain: 26 dB
e) Input Return Loss: 10 dB Minimum
c) Wavelength: 1310 or 1550 nm
c)
Input
Capability:
-7
to
+28
dBmV
per
channel
f) Output Return Loss: 11 dB Minimum
d) Insertion Loss: 3.3 dB
e) Optical Connectors: Specify - FA (FC/APC) or SA (SC/APC)
FOC-104U-XX
Where optical splitting or coupling is required by the network design, a rack-mount coupler shall be used. The coupler shall be for single mode fiber and employ either
FC/APC or SC/APC connectors to enable broadband communications. The four port optical coupler shall be equal to Blonder Tongue FOC-104U-XX and shall meet or exceed
the following specifications:
a) Number of Inputs: 1
b) Number of Outputs: 4
c) Wavelength: 1310 or 1550 nm
d) Insertion Loss: 6.3 dB
e) Optical Connectors: Specify - FA (FC/APC) or SA (SC/APC)
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Broadband Specification Guide
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FOC-108U-XX
Where optical splitting or coupling is required by the network design, a rack-mount coupler shall be used. The coupler shall be for single mode fiber and employ either
FC/APC or SC/APC connectors to enable broadband communications. The two port optical coupler shall be equal to Blonder Tongue FOC-108U-XX and shall meet or
exceed the following specifications:
a) Number of Inputs: 1
b) Number of Outputs: 8
c) Wavelength: 1310 or 1550 nm
d) Insertion Loss: 9.5 dB
e) Optical Connectors: Specify - FA (FC/APC) or SA (SC/APC)
FOC-116U-XX
Where optical splitting or coupling is required by the network design, a rack-mount coupler shall be used. The coupler shall be for single mode fiber and employ either
FC/APC or SC/APC connectors to enable broadband communications. The two port optical coupler shall be equal to Blonder Tongue FOC-116U-XX and shall meet or
exceed the following specifications:
a) Number of Inputs: 1
b) Number of Outputs: 16
c) Wavelength: 1310 or 1550 nm
d) Insertion Loss: 12.6 dB
e) Optical Connectors: Specify - FA (FC/APC) or SA (SC/APC)
FOCN-S4S-201
To ensure link fidelity, both the transmitter and receiver shall be provided by the same manufacturer. The fiber receiver shall receive 110 channels downstream on
9/125 mm or 10/125 mm single mode fiber. The receiver shall be a wall mounted unit powered by a UL listed 12 VDC external power supply (BT Stock # 7415). The
receiver shall be powered either directly through its 12 VDC connector or remotely from its RF output connector using a power inserter (included in #7415). The
receiver shall also include a tri-colored LED indicator for optical level input status. The receiver shall be equal to Blonder Tongue FOCN-S4S-201 series and shall meet
or exceed the following specifications:
a) Output Impedance: 75 Ω
j) Optical Input Indicator: Tri-color LED
b) Band Width: 54-870 MHz
k) RF Output: 28 dBmV @ -1 dBm input
c) Optical Input: -8.0 to +2.0 dBm
l) Return Loss: 16 dB Minimum
d) Max Channel Load: 110
e) Operating Wavelength:
1310 or 1550 nm, Field Selectable
f) CNR of link:
>54 dB (1 dBm input, 110 Ch, Load)
g) Optical Connector: SC/APC
h) RF Output & Test Port: F
i) Output Test Port Level: -20 dB
FRDA-S4A-860-43PA
To ensure link fidelity, both the transmitter and receiver shall be provided by the same manufacturer. The fiber receiver shall receive 110 channels
downstream on 9/125 mm or 10/125 mm single mode fiber. Receiver shall be a wall mount unit with an UL listed, external power supply. The receiver
shall have a tri-color status indicator LED on the optical input. The receiver will have internally accessible plug-in attenuator to prevent overdriving
of the hybrid amplifiers. The receiver shall be equal to Blonder Tongue FRDA-S4A-860 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Output Impedance: 75 Ω
b)Bandwidth: 47 to 860 MHz
c) Optical Input: -6.0 to +3.0 dBm
d) Max Channel Load: 110
e)Operating Wavelength:
1310 or 1550 nm, Field Selectable
f)CNR of link: 53 dB
(1 dBm input, 110 Ch, Load)
g)Optical Connector: FC/APC Standard, SC/APC Optional
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
RF Output & Test Port: F
Output Test Port Level: -30 ±2 dB
Gain Control Range: 10 dB
Slope Control Range: 8 dB
Optical Input Indicator: Tri-color LED
Hum Modulation: -70 dB
RF Gain: 43 dB
Return Loss: 16 dB Minimum
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FRRA-S4A-860-43PA
To ensure link fidelity, both the transmitter and receiver shall be provided by the same manufacturer. The fiber receiver shall receive 110 channels downstream on
9/125 mm or 10/125 mm single mode fiber. Receiver shall be a rack mount unit with an internal power supply. The receiver shall have a tri-color status indicator LED
on the optical input. The receiver shall have the provision to use an external FAM attenuator to prevent overdriving of the hybrid amplifiers. The receiver shall be equal
to Blonder Tongue FRRA-S4A-860 Series and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Output Impedance: 75 Ω
b)Bandwidth: 47 to 860 MHz
c) Optical Input: -6.0 to +3.0 dBm
d) Max Channel Load: 110
e) Operating Wavelength:
1310 or 1550 nm, Field Selectable
f)CNR of link: 53 dB
(1 dBm input, 110 Ch, Load)
g)Optical Connector: FC/APC Standard,
SC/APC Optional
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
RF Output & Test Port: F
Output Test Port Level: -30 ±2 dB
Gain Control Range: 10 dB
Slope Control Range: 8 dB
Optical Input Indicator: Tri-color LED
Hum Modulation: -70 dB
RF Gain: 43 dB
Return Loss: 16 dB Minimum
IPME-CH
The rack chassis and power supply shall provide three modular slots for mounting and powering IPME-2 video encoders. The rack chassis shall occupy 1RU in a 19 inch
rack. The rack chassis power supply shall be equal to Blonder Tongue IPME-CH and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Power Requirements:
Input: 115 VAC 50/60 Hz
Output: 3.3 VDC
b) Operating Temperature Range: 0 to 50° C
c) Chassis Size: (W x H x D): 19 X 1.75 x 8.25 in.
IPME-2
The IPTV video encoder shall be housed in a compact modular package for easy integration with existing or new systems. Three IPTV encoders when installed in their
IPME-CH rack chassis shall occupy only 1RU in a 19 inch rack. The IPTV video encoder shall be equal to Blonder Tongue IPME-2 and shall meet or exceed the following
specifications:
a) Compression: MPEG-2 Standards Compliant, RFC-1889 & RFC-2250
g) Front Panel Connectors:
b) Ethernet: 10BaseT Ethernet or 100 BaseTX Fast Ethernet (Auto-sensing)
RJ-45 Ethernet 10/100
c) Bandwidth Control: RS-232 Serial Connector
Minimum: 30 FPS @ 1.5 Mbits/s, 325 x 240 resolution
h) Rear Panel Connectors:
Recommended: 30 FPS @ 3.8 Mbits/s, 720 x 480 resolution
Video Input: F
Maximum: 30 FPS @ 7.5 Mbits/s, 720 x 480 resolution
Audio (L/R): RCA
d) Streaming Modes: Multicast or Unicast
Power: 6 Pin +3.3 VDC
e) Multicast Sessions: Unlimited number of client viewing sessions Operating Temperature Range: 0 to 50° C
f) Video Input/Output Formats: NTSC and PAL
KU 1.0 UNV
The 1 meter off-set feed satellite antenna shall have a stamped single piece 18 gauge galvanized steel reflector. The antenna shall include a universal AZ/EL mount that
can either be wall or roof mounted. The satellite dish shall be equal to Blonder Tongue KU 1.0 UNV and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Size: 1 Meter
b) Frequency Range: 10.95-12.75 GHz
c) Gain @ 12.1 GHz: 40.5 dBi (typical)
d) 3 dB beamwidth: 1.8 degrees
LNBF-Dual-R
The dual low noise block downconverters shall convert KU-band frequencies in to L-Band frequencies. The low noise block downconverters shall be capable of
providing two independent outputs. The feed tube mounting shall be rectangular style. The dual low noise block downconverters shall be equal to Blonder Tongue
LNBf-Dual-R and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Input Frequency Range: 12.2 to 12.7 GHz
b) Output Frequency Range: 950 to 1450 MHz
c) F/D Ratio: 0.59
d) Flatness (Over Any 25 MHz): 0.5 dB
e) Operating Temperature: -35 to +65° C
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LPI-188PS
The indoor power supply for powering multiswitches or LNBs shall be housed in an wall mountable case with four mounting screws. The power supply shall insert
+18VDC on to one coaxial cable. The power supplies shall be equal to Blonder Tongue LPI-188PS, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Impedance: 75 Ω
b) Output Voltage: +18 VDC
c) Current: 800 mA
d) Output Connector: “F”
LPI 3300
The indoor dual power inserter shall provide 13 and 18 volt outputs for LNBF powering from an 18 VDC power source. All connectors shall be F type. The power
inserter shall be equal to Blonder Tongue LPI 3300, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 950-2150 e) Connectors: “F”
b) Impedance: 75 Ω
f) Inserting Current: 800 mA
c) Output Voltage: 13/18 VDC
d) Insertion Loss (950-2150): 0.8 dB
MAVM-60-861-TX
The modulator shall be channelized agile channel, solid state heterodyne audio/video modulator. The modulator shall modulate a 0.7-2.8 volt peak to peak sync
negative video source and a 140 mV RMS audio source to output CATV channels T7 to T11 by changing field changeable output filter modules. The modulator shall
have front panel controls for video and audio modulation levels, aural to visual ratio and RF output level. The modulator shall be BTSC compatible via field-defeatable
audio pre-emphasis. The modulator shall be equal to Blonder Tongue MAVM-60-861-TX and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 7-37 MHz e) C/N In Channel: 65 dB
b) Output Level: 60 dBmV Minimum
f) Output Return Loss: 15 dB Minimum
c) Output Level Control: 15 dB
g) Broadband Noise: -110 dBc
d) Spurious Outputs: -60 dBc
MAVM-861-XX
The modulator shall be channelized agile channel, solid state heterodyne audio/video modulator. The modulator shall modulate a 0.7-2.8 volt peak to peak sync
negative video source and a 140 mV RMS audio source to output CATV channels 2 to 135 by changing field changeable output filter modules. The modulator shall
have front panel controls for video and audio modulation levels, aural to visual ratio and RF output level. The modulator shall be BTSC compatible via field-defeatable
audio pre-emphasis. The modulator shall be equal to Blonder Tongue MAVM-861-XX and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 54-860 MHz
e) C/N In Channel: 65 dB
b) Output Level: 40 dBmV Minimum
f) Output Return Loss: 15 dB Minimum
c) Output Level Control: 15 dB
g) Broadband Noise: -95 dBc
d) Spurious Outputs: -66 dBc
MAVM-861-TX
The modulator shall be channelized agile channel, solid state heterodyne audio/video modulator. The modulator shall modulate a 0.7-2.8 volt peak to peak sync
negative video source and a 140 mV RMS audio source to output CATV channels T7 to T11 by changing field changeable output filter modules. The modulator shall
have front panel controls for video and audio modulation levels, aural to visual ratio and RF output level. The modulator shall be BTSC compatible via field-defeatable
audio pre-emphasis. The modulator shall be equal to Blonder Tongue MAVM-861-TX and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 7-37 MHz
e) C/N In Channel: 65 dB
b) Output Level: 40 dBmV Minimum
f) Output Return Loss: 15 dB Minimum
c) Output Level Control: 15 dB
g) Broadband Noise: -95 dBc
d) Spurious Outputs: -66 dBc
MIBT-S3A-XXX
To ensure link fidelity, both the transmitter and receiver shall be provided by the same manufacturer. The fiber transmitter shall transmit 110 channels downstream
on 9/125 mm or 10/125 mm single mode fiber. The transmitter shall have a modular chassis requiring 2 slots in a MIRC-12 rack chassis. It shall have a tri-color LED
status indicator for the RF input. The transmitters shall be equal to Blonder Tongue MIBT-S3A-XXX Series and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
Operating Wavelength: 1310 nm
Bandwidth: 45 to 860 MHz
Input Impedance: 75 Ω
Back Reflection: -50 dB Maximum
Optical Output Power: 6-14 dBm
(Output power dependant on model used)
RF Input Level (110 Ch. Load): +18 dBmV
CNR (0 dBm In, 110 Ch Load): 54 dB
CTB (110 Ch Load): -69 dB Minimum
i) CSO (110 Ch Load): -63 dB Minimum
j) Optical Output Connector: FC/APC
k) RF Input Connector: F
l) RF Input Adjustment Range: 4dB
m)Optical Output: FC/APC Standard, SC/APC Optional
n) RF Input Indicator: Tri-color LED
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MICM-45C
The modulator shall be a channelized audio/video modulator. It shall have a modular die cast chassis for superior RFI protection and heat dissipation. The modulator
shall modulate a nominal 1.0 volt peak to peak, negative sync video source and 140 mV RMS audio source to a CATV channel from 2 to 135. The modulator shall
have front panel controls for video, audio modulation levels, aural to visual ratio and output level. The modulator shall be equal to Blonder Tongue MICM-45C and
shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 54 to 860 MHz
e) C/N In Channel: 60 dB
b) Output Level Control: 10 dB
f) Output Return Loss: 12 dB Minimum
c) Output Level: 45 dBmV Minimum
g) Broadband Noise: -90 dBc
d) Spurious Outputs: -60 dBc
MICM-45S
The modulator shall be a channelized stereo audio/video modulator. It shall have a modular die cast chassis for superior RFI protection and heat dissipation. The
modulator shall modulate a nominal 1.0 volt peak to peak, negative sync video source and left and right line level stereo audio source to a CATV channel from 2 to
135. The modulator shall have front panel controls for video, audio modulation levels, aural to visual ratio and output level. The modulator shall be equal to Blonder
Tongue MICM-45S and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Frequency Range: 54 to 860 MHz
Output Level: 45 dBmV Minimum
Output Level Control: 10 dB
Spurious Outputs: -60 dBc
C/N In Channel: 60 dB
f) Output Return Loss: 12 dB Minimum
g) Broadband Noise: -90 dBc
h) Stereo Separation: 25 dB @1KHz
MIDM-806C
The demodulator shall be frequency agile, modular in style and built in a die cast chassis. The demodulator shall demodulate NTSC, HRC or IRC cable TV channels to
1 volt peak to peak video and audio signals. The channel tuning shall be via front panel up-down push button channel switches and 2 digit LED display. It shall have
a front panel channel mode switch to select off-air or CATV channels. There shall be RF AGC circuitry to compensate for input level variations. The demodulator shall
be equal to Blonder Tongue MIDM 806C and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 54 to 88, 108 to 806 MHz
b) Input Level: +2 to 12 dBmV (CATV input)
c) Video Output Level : 1 V p-p
d) Audio Output Level: 1 V p-p
e) Input Impedance: 75 Ω
MIRC-4D
The rack chassis and UL Listed power supply shall provide four modular slots for mounting and powering compatible UL Recognized components. The rack chassis shall
use 1RU of 19 inch rack space. The rack chassis shall be equal to Blonder Tongue MIRC-4D, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Power Requirements:
Input: 100-240 VAC 50/60 Hz
Output: 5 VDC &12 VDC @ 1.8 A
b) Operating Temperature Range: 0 to 50º C
c) Size (W x H x D): 19 X 1.75 x 8.25 in.
MIRC-12V/MIPS-12C
The rack chassis and UL Listed power supply shall provide 12 modular slots for mounting and powering compatible UL Recognized components. The rack chassis shall
use 2RU of a 19 inch rack space. The rack chassis and power supply shall be equal to Blonder Tongue MIRC-12 and MIPS-12C, and shall meet or exceed the following
specifications:
a) Power Requirements:
Input: 100-240 VAC 50/60 Hz
Output: 5 VDC @ 5.5 A, 12 VDC @ 4.0 A
b) Operating Temperature Range: 0 to 50º C
c) Size (W x H x D): 19 x 3.5 x 7.5 in.
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MPG-1100
A high-speed broadband Internet access solution over coaxial cable shall be equal to Blonder Tongue’s MPG-1100 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
10/100 BaseT Ethernet Port
WAN/LAN Interface
Remote or Local provisioning and control
Frequency Range D/S: 40 to 80 MHz
Frequency Range U/S: 5 to 32 MHz
Output Level: +50 dBmV
Modulation Type: QAM 64
Symbol Rate: 1 to 4 Msym/sec
Bandwidth: 1.15 to 6.9 MHz
Spurious: -60 dBc
Receive Range: -10 to +15 dBmV
MPO-ESM-XX
A high-speed broadband Internet access solution over coaxial cable shall be equal to Blonder Tongue’s MPO-ESM-XX Series and shall meet or exceed the
following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
MAC Address Identifier
In/Out Coaxial Female F Connector
10BaseT RJ-45 Receptacle
Transmission Level: +48 dBmV Max.
Modulation Type: QPSK
Symbol Rate: 1.5 to 3 Msym/sec
Bandwidth: 1.875 to 3.75 MHz
h) Receive Range: -10 to +40 dBmV
i) Frequency Range D/S:
a. MPO-ESM-52 — 48 to 56 MHz
b. MPO-ESM-70 — 64 to 76 MHz
j) Frequency Range U/S: 5 to 32 MHz
MSBC
The sub band block converter shall be housed in a modular die cast chassis. It shall accept sub band input channels T7-T13 and convert them to VHF highband
channels 7 to 13. The sub band converter shall be equal to Blonder Tongue MSBC and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
f) Flatness: 1.5 dB PV
a) Input Frequency Range: 5.75-47.75 MHz
g) Input Return Loss: 15 dB
b) Output Frequency Range: 174-216 MHz
c) Output Level: 45 dBmV Minimum
h) Output Return Loss: 17 dB
d) Recommended Input Level: 0 to +20 dBmV
e) Conversion Gain: 3 dB
OC-8D
The channel combiner shall have eight (8) input ports for combining signal sources in the headend. The combiner shall be internally constructed of -120 dB radiation
proof passives. The combiner shall have a -20 dB test point for testing of signals without interruption or service. The combiner shall be equal to Blonder Tongue OC-8d,
and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Frequency Range: 5-1000 MHz
Impedance: 75 Ω
Output Test Port: -20 dB
Return Loss:
(1) Input: 17 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 17 dB Minimum
Isolation
(1) Adjacent Ports: 25 dB Minimum
(2) Non-Adjacent Ports: 50 dB Minimum
f) Insertion Loss: 24 dB Maximum
g) Slope: 1.50 dB
h) Flatness: ±0.20 dB Relative to Slope
OC-12D
The channel combiner shall have twelve (12) input ports for combining signal sources in the headend. The combiner shall be internally constructed of -120 dB
radiation proof passives. The combiner shall have a -20 dB test point for testing of signals without interruption or service. The combiner shall be equal to Blonder
Tongue OC-12d, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Frequency Range: 5-1000 MHz
Impedance: 75 Ω
Output Test Port: -20 ±2 dB
Return Loss:
(1) Input: 13 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 13 dB Minimum
e) Isolation
(1) Adjacent Ports: 25 dB Minimum
(2) Non-Adjacent Ports: >40 dB
f) Insertion Loss: 20 dB Maximum
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OC-24E
The channel combiner shall have twenty four (24) input ports for combining signal sources in the headend. The combiner shall have a -20 dB test point for testing of
signals without interruption or service. The combiner shall be equal to Blonder Tongue OC-24E, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Frequency Range: 5-1000 MHz
Impedance: 75 Ω
Output Test Port: -20
Return Loss:
(1) Input: 18 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 16 dB Minimum
e)
f)
Isolation
(1) Adjacent Ports: 25 dB Minimum
(2) Non-Adjacent Ports: >40 dB
Insertion Loss: 20 dB Maximum
OC-32E
The channel combiner shall have thirty two (32) input ports for combining signal sources in the headend. The combiner shall have a -20 dB test point for testing of
signals without interruption or service. The combiner shall be equal to Blonder Tongue OC-32E, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Frequency Range: 5-1000 MHz
Impedance: 75 Ω
Output Test Port: -20
Return Loss:
(1) Input: 18 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 16 dB Minimum
e)
f)
Isolation
(1) Adjacent Ports: 25 dB Minimum
(2) Non-Adjacent Ports: >40 dB
Insertion Loss: 20 dB Maximum
PS-1526
The indoor power supply for powering pre-amplifiers shall be a combination of power supply and power inserter. The unit shall be capable of wall mounting and
contain an auxiliary AC outlet. The power supply shall insert –21 VDC on to one coaxial cable, and shall have a fused input to protect the connected electronics. The
power supplies shall be equal to Blonder Tongue PS-1526, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
Insertion Loss:
(1) 10 to 300 MHz: 0.3 dB Maximum
(2) 470 to 806 MHz: 0.5 dB Maximum
Return Loss:
(1) 10 to 300 MHz: 26 dB Minimum
(2) 470 to 806 MHz: 22 dB Minimum
Impedance: 75 Ω
Output Voltage: -21 VDC
e)
f)
g)
Current at 105 VAC: 40 mA
Isolation
(1) Adjacent Ports: 25 dB Minimum
(2) Non-Adjacent Ports: >40 dB
Insertion Loss: 20 dB Maximum
PS-1536
The indoor power supply for powering pre-amplifiers shall be a combination of power supply and power inserter. The unit shall be capable of wall mounting and
contain an auxiliary AC outlet. The power supply shall insert –21 VDC on to two coaxial cables, and shall have a fused input to protect the connected electronics. The
power supplies shall be equal to Blonder Tongue PS-1536, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Insertion Loss:
d) Impedance: 75 Ω
(1) 10 to 300 MHz: 0.2 dB Maximum
e) Output Voltage: -21 VDC
(2) 470 to 806 MHz: 0.2 dB Maximum
f) Current at 105 VAC: 100 mA
b) Return Loss: 20 dB Minimum
c) Isolation: 35 dB Minimum
RMDA-550-30P
The headend launch amplifiers shall be housed in an industry standard 19” EIA rack mountable enclosure. The amplifiers shall employ power doubling hybrid circuitry
for forward path amplification and be UL listed. The amplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue RMDA-550-30P, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Forward Passband: 47 to 550 MHz
f) Test Ports:
b) Flatness: ±0.75 dB
(1) Input: -20 ±2 dB
c) Gain: 33 dB
(2) Output: -20 ±2 dB
d) Manual Gain Control Range: 15 dB
g) Return Loss:
e) Manual Slope Control Range: 10 dB
(1) Input: 14 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 14 dB Minimum
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RMDA-750-30P
The headend launch amplifiers shall be housed in an industry standard 19” EIA rack mountable enclosure. The amplifiers shall employ power doubling hybrid circuitry
for forward path amplification and be UL listed. The amplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue RMDA-750-30P, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
Forward Passband: 47 to 750 MHz
Flatness: ±1.00 dB
Gain: 31 dB
Manual Gain Control Range: 15 dB
Manual Slope Control Range: 10 dB
Test Ports:
(1) Input: -20 ±2 dB
(2) Output: -20 ±2 dB
Return Loss:
(1) Input: 14 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 14 dB Minimum
Impedance: 75 Ω
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
Noise Figure: 7.0 dB Maximum
Hum Modulation: -70 dB
Number of Channels: 110
Output Level:
(1) Lowest Channel: 36 dBmV
(2) Highest Channel: 44 dBmV
Composite Triple Beat Distortion -66 dB
Cross Modulation: -67 dB
Transformer AC input: 120 VAC, 60 Hz
Operating Temperature: -20° C to 60° C
RMDA-860-30P
The headend launch amplifiers shall be housed in an industry standard 19” EIA rack mountable enclosure. The amplifiers shall employ power doubling hybrid circuitry
for forward path amplification and be UL listed. The amplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue RMDA-860-30P, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
Forward Passband: 47 to 860 MHz
Flatness: ±1.00 dB
Gain: 31 dB
Manual Gain Control Range: 15 dB
Manual Slope Control Range: 10 dB
Test Ports:
(1) Input: -20 ±2 dB
(2) Output: -20 ±2 dB
Return Loss:
(1) Input: 14 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 14 dB Minimum
Impedance: 75 Ω
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)
n)
o)
p)
Noise Figure: 8.5 dB Maximum
Hum Modulation: -70 dB
Number of Channels: 129
Output Level:
(1) Lowest Channel: 36 dBmV
(2) Highest Channel: 44 dBmV
Composite Triple Beat Distortion: -61 dB
Cross Modulation: -59 dB
Transformer AC input: 120 VAC, 60 Hz
Operating Temperature: -20° C to 60° C
RMDA-860-43P
The headend launch amplifiers shall be housed in an industry standard 19” EIA rack mountable enclosure. The amplifiers shall employ power doubling hybrid circuitry
for forward path amplification and be UL listed. The amplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue RMDA-860-43P, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Forward Passband: 47 to 860 MHz
f) Test Ports:
b) Flatness: ±1.00 dB
(1) Input: -20 ±2 dB
c) Gain: 43 dB
(2) Output: -20 ±2 dB
d) Manual Gain Control Range: 15 dB
g) Return Loss:
e) Manual Slope Control Range: 10 dB
(1) Input: 14 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 14 dB Minimum
RMDA-86A-30
The distribution amplifiers shall be housed in an industry standard 19” EIA rack mountable enclosure. The amplifiers shall employ push pull hybrid circuitry for both
forward and return path amplification. The amplifier shall be field selectable for either active or passive reverse path operation. The amplifier shall have optional
plug-in equalizer and attenuator capability for input signal conditioning. The unit shall be powered via an external UL listed 26 VAC power supply. The amplifiers shall
be equal to Blonder Tongue RMDA-86A-30, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Forward Passband: 54 to 860 MHz
i) Hum Modulation: -70 dB
b) Return Passband: 5 to 40 MHz
j) Number of Channels (Fwd): 129
c) Flatness: ±1.00 dB (Fwd), ±0.5 dB (Rev)
k) Output Level (Fwd):
d) Gain: 32 dB (Fwd), 22 dB (Rev)
(1) Lowest Channel: 34 dBmV
e) Manual Gain Control Range:
(2) Highest Channel: 42 dBmV
10 dB (Fwd), 18 dB (Rev)
l) Composite Triple Beat Distortion: -58 dB
f) Manual Slope Control Range: 8 dB (Fwd)
m) Cross Modulation: -58 dB
g) Impedance: 75 Ω
n) Transformer AC input: 120 VAC, 60 Hz
h)Noise Figure: 8.5 dB Maximum (Fwd), 6.0 dB (Rev)
o) Operating Temperature: -20° C to 60° C
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RPR-8
The remote power reset unit shall be housed in a 1RU chassis and provide two independently switched AC receptacles. Switching can be done either manually or on
a scheduled basis. The remote power reset unit shall be equal to Blonder Tongue RPR-8, and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Operating Voltage: 120 VAC
b) Current Capacity: 15 A (total)
c) Control Interface: Ethernet (RJ45) Depending on Model
d) Number of Controlled Outlets: 8
e) Control: Via Standard Explorer Browser
f) Sensing Features: Total Current, Ambient, Temperature
SAIP-60-860
The processor shall be a frequency agile input, channelized agile output, solid state heterodyne processor that is equipped with alternate IF input via an external IF
loop. The processor shall be used to process all inputs to VHF or CATV channels. The processor shall have dual SAW filters to assure proper adjacent channel rejection
and delayed AGC circuitry to automatically compensate for input signal variations. The processor shall be capable of moving any input channel, to any output VHF or
CATV channel. The processor shall be equal to Blonder Tongue SAIP-60-860 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Input Frequency Range: 54 to 88, 108 to 806 MHz
f) Broadband Noise: -95 dBc
b) Output Frequency Range: 5 to 860 MHz (VHF or CATV)
g) Spurious Outputs: -60 dBc
c) Output Level: 60 dBmV Minimum
h) Aural / Visual Carrier Adjustment Range: 0 to –10 dB
d) Output Level Adjust: 15 dB
e) Return Loss:
(1) Input: 12 dB Minimum
(2) Output: 14 dB Minimum
SCMA-Ub
The single channel, UHF preamplifiers shall be two piece construction to allow optimum placement of the amplifier in relation to the antenna. The amplifier shall be
housed in a rugged, mast mount, die-cast housing and have a -20 dB backmatched test port. The single channel, UHF preamplifiers shall be equal to Blonder Tongue
SCMA-Ub with power supply PS-1526 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 450-806 MHz
b) Gain: 24 dB Minimum
c) Input Capability: -10.5 to +35 dBmV per channel
d) Noise Figure: 2.5 dB Maximum
SMR-1600
The indoor, 16 port satellite multiswitch shall be constructed in a rack mounted housing to ensure proper mounting in headend applications. The multiswitches should
have dedicated +13V and +18V input ports, and sixteen output ports. All connectors shall be type F. The 16 port satellite multiswitch shall be equal to Blonder Tongue
SMR-1600 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 950 to 2150 MHz
b) Isolation: 20 dB Minimum
c) Insertion Loss: 4 dB Maximum
SMS-3400
The indoor, four port satellite multiswitch shall be constructed in a die-cast housing to ensure high RFI shielding. The multiswitches should have dedicated +13V and
+18V input ports, and four dedicate output ports. The multiswitch shall have a separate port for terrestrial input to diplex the local off air or CATV signals. All connectors
shall be type F. The indoor, four port satellite multiswitch shall be equal to Blonder Tongue SMS-3400 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 47 to 806, 950 to 2150 MHz
b) Isolation:
(1) Input to Output: 25 dB Minimum
(2) Output to Output: 25 dB Minimum
c) Insertion Loss:
(1) 47 to 806 MHz: 16 dB Maximum
(2) 950 to 2150 MHz: 5 dB Maximum
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SRT
The indoor, one port directional coupler shall be constructed in a die-cast housing with a soldered back plate to ensure high RFI shielding. The couplers should be of
a ‘T’ style construction and the connectors on the unit shall be type F. The RFI shielding shall be at least 120 dB to prevent signal ingress or egress. The indoor, one
port directional coupler shall be equal to Blonder Tongue SRT and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 5 to 1000 MHz
b) Isolation Output to Tap: 18 dB Minimum across all tap values
c) Tap Values Required: 30, 27, 24, 20, 16, 12, 9, 6, 4 dB
d) RFI Shielding: 120 dB Minimum
SRT-2A
The indoor, two port directional coupler shall be constructed in a die-cast housing with a soldered back plate to ensure high RFI shielding. The couplers should be of
a ‘L’ style construction and the connectors on the unit shall be type F. The RFI shielding shall be at least 120 dB to prevent signal ingress or egress. The indoor, two
port directional coupler shall be equal to Blonder Tongue SRT-2A and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 5 to 1000 MHz
b) Isolation:
(1) Output to Tap: 22 dB Minimum across all tap values
(2) Tap to Tap: 22 dB Minimum
c) Tap Values Required: 32, 29, 26, 23, 20, 17, 14, 11, 8, 4 dB
d) RFI Shielding: 120 dB Minimum
SRT-4A
The indoor, four port directional coupler shall be constructed in a die-cast housing with a soldered back plate to ensure high RFI shielding. The couplers should be of
a ‘L’ style construction and the connectors on the unit shall be type F. The RFI shielding shall be at least 120 dB to prevent signal ingress or egress. The indoor, one
port directional coupler shall be equal to Blonder Tongue SRT-4A and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 5 to 1000 MHz
b) Isolation:
(1) Output to Tap: 24 dB Minimum across all tap values
(2) Tap to Tap: 22 dB Minimum
c) Tap Values Required: 35, 32, 29, 26, 23, 20, 17, 14, 11, 8 dB
d) RFI Shielding: 120 dB Minimum
SRT-8A
The indoor, eight port directional coupler shall be constructed in a die-cast housing with a soldered back plate to ensure high RFI shielding. The couplers
should be of a ‘L’ style construction and the connectors on the unit shall be type F. The RFI shielding shall be at least 120 dB to prevent signal ingress or egress.
The indoor, eight port directional coupler shall be equal to Blonder Tongue SRT-8A and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 5 to 1000 MHz
b) Isolation:
(1) Output to Tap: 26 dB Minimum across all tap values
(2) Tap to Tap: 24 dB Minimum
c) Tap Values Required: 35, 32, 29, 26, 23, 20, 17, 14, 11 dB
d) RFI Shielding: 120 dB Minimum
SXRS-2
The indoor, two-way splitter shall be constructed in a die-cast housing with a soldered back plate to ensure high RFI shielding. The splitter should have an
in-line connector orientation, and the connectors on the unit shall be type F. The RFI shielding shall be at least 120 dB to prevent signal ingress or egress.
The indoor, two-way splitter shall be equal to Blonder Tongue SXRS-2 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 5 to 1000 MHz
b) Isolation: 22 dB Minimum
c) Return Loss: 16 dB Minimum
d) Insertion Loss: 4.2 dB Maximum
e) RFI Shielding: 120 dB Minimum
SXRS-3
The indoor, three-way splitter shall be constructed in a die-cast housing with a soldered back plate to ensure high RFI shielding. The splitter should have an
in-line connector orientation, and the connectors on the unit shall be type F. The RFI shielding shall be at least 120 dB to prevent signal ingress or egress.
The indoor, three-way splitter shall be equal to Blonder Tongue SXRS-3 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 5 to 1000 MHz
b) Isolation: 21 dB Minimum
c) Return Loss: 16 dB Minimum
d) Insertion Loss: 6.8 dB Maximum
e) RFI Shielding: 120 dB Minimum
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Equipment Specifications Library
SXRS-4
The indoor, four-way splitter shall be constructed in a die-cast housing with a soldered back plate to ensure high RFI shielding. The splitter should have an
in-line connector orientation, and the connectors on the unit shall be type F. The RFI shielding shall be at least 120 dB to prevent signal ingress or egress.
The indoor, four-way splitter shall be equal to Blonder Tongue SXRS-4 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 5 to 1000 MHz
b) Isolation: 25 dB Minimum
c) Return Loss: 18 dB Minimum
d) Insertion Loss: 8 dB Maximum
e) RFI Shielding: 120 dB Minimum
SXRS-8
The indoor, eight-way splitter shall be constructed in a die-cast housing with a soldered back plate to ensure high RFI shielding. The splitter should have an ‘L-style’
connector orientation, and the connectors on the unit shall be type F. The RFI shielding shall be at least 120 dB to prevent signal ingress or egress. The indoor, eightway splitter shall be equal to Blonder Tongue SXRS-8 and shall meet or exceed the following specifications:
a) Frequency Range: 5 to 1000 MHz
b) Isolation: 22 dB Minimum
c) Return Loss: 15 dB Minimum
d) Insertion Loss: 12 dB Maximum
e) RFI Shielding: 120 dB Minimum
TF-GF-FT
The wall plate shall be designed to fit all standard single-gang electrical boxes. It shall have a “G/F” style feed thru connector mounted in the center of a steel cover
plate. The cover plate shall be painted a textured ivory. The wall plate shall have high RFI shielding characteristics for CATV applications. The wall plate shall be equal
to Blonder Tongue TF-GF-FT.
TVCB-PC
The TV channel blocker shall provide 40 channel blocking capability from channel 2 to 86 (54-600 MHz) with a passband up to 860 MHz. The blocker shall have push
button controls and an LED display for setting the channels to be blocked. The blocker’s enclosure shall provide tamper protection on the RF connections and have
provisions for locking to prevent unauthorized access. The channel blocker shall be equal to Blonder Tongue TVCB-PC and shall meet or exceed the following specifications.
a) Bandwidth: 54 to 860 MHz
b) Nominal Gain: 1.5 dB
c) Flatness: ±1.5 dB
d) Return Loss: 16 dB
e)Output Level (when input is 9 dBmV @54 MHz;
15 dBmV @ 600 MHz):
(1) 54 MHz: 10 dBmV
(2) 600 MHz: 16 dBmV
(3) 750 MHz: 17 dBmV
(4) 860 MHz: 18 dBmV
f) Distortions (@ 77 Channel Loading):
(1) CTB: -60 dBc
(2) CSO: -60 dBc
(3) Spurious: -60 dBc
(4) C/N: 59 dB
g) Return Path Bandwidth: 5 to 40 MHz
h) Return Path Gain: - 2 dB
i) Number of Jamming Oscillators: 8 (54 - 600 MHz )
j)RF Leakage: Complies with FCC Part 76, Sub part K
k) Power Requirements Voltage: 37-95 VAC
l) Current Consumption @ 60 VAC IN: 200 mA
m) Operating Temperature Range: -40° to +60° C
n) Relative Humidity: 5-100 %
o)Housing - Dimensions:
9.5 x 4.0 x 10.0 in., (L x H x W)
p) Connectors: “F” Type, Female
V-1GF-FT
The wall plate shall be designed to fit all standard electrical boxes. It shall have a “G/F” feed thru connector mounted on a steel back plate for mechanical
strength. The wall plate shall have a duplex style plastic ivory filler plate and requires a standard duplex cover plate to finish it off. The wall plate shall have
high RFI shielding characteristics for CATV applications. The wall plate shall be equal to Blonder Tongue V-1GF-FT.
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Broadband Specification Guide
CATV Terms & Definitions
8VSB
Amplifier Spacing
8VSB is the 8-level vestigial sideband modulation method adopted for
terrestrial broadcast by the ATSC digital television standard in the United
States, Canada, and other countries. The 6 MHz channel used for ATSC
broadcasts carries 19.39 Mbit/s of usable data.
The spacing in transmission loss, expressed in decibels, between
cascaded, or serially connected, amplifiers. Also sometimes used to
denote the linear cable distance between amplifiers in a system.
Absorption
A process whereby the amplitude of a single frequency carrier is varied in
accordance with the instantaneous values of a modulating wave.
Amplitude Modulation
In an optical fiber, loss of optical power resulting from conversion of that
power into heat.
Analog Signal
Absorption Losses
A signal which is continually variable and not expressed by discrete states
of amplitude, frequency, or phase.
Losses caused by impurities, principally transition metals and neighboring
elements (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni), and also by water as well as intrinsic
material absorption.
Angle of Incidence
The angle between an incident ray and the normal to a reflecting or
refracting surface.
AC Hum Modulation (See Hum Modulation)
Acceptance Angle
Angstrom (A)
Half the vertex angle of that cone within which optical power may be
coupled into bound modes of an optical waveguide.
10-11 meters. Its use as a unit of optical wavelength has largely been
supplanted in recent years by the nanometer (10-9 meter).
Acceptance Cone
Anti-reflection Coating
A cone whose included angle is equal to twice the acceptance angle.
A single or multiple layer of thin dielectric coating that reduces the
reflectivity of an optical surface.
Active
Containing, or connected to and using, a source of energy.
Antenna Gain
Aerial Cable
The ratio, expressed in decibels, of the signal level received or transmitted
by an antenna, to the signal level received or transmitted by an isotropic
antenna at that same location which is subject to the same power level.
Cable suspended in the air on poles or other overhead structures.
Usually implies the use of a "messenger strand" to which the cable is
lashed for support.
Alternating Current (AC)
APD (See Avalanche Photodiode)
Armored Cable
An electric current which continually varies in amount, and reverses its
direction periodically. The plot of current vs. time is usually a sine wave.
A cable having one or two layers of steel tapes or steel wires spirally
applied to the sheath to provide mechanical protection.
AML (Amplitude Modulated Link)
Asynchronous
A registered trademark for microwave equipment that is manufactured
by Hughes Communications Products Co.
Not synchronous.
Ampere
The decrease in signal strength along a conductor, cable, or optical fiber.
In an optical fiber acting as a waveguide, it is caused by absorption and
scattering. This parameter is usually measured in decibels per kilometer.
Attenuation
Unit of electric current, or rate of flow of electricity. One coulomb per
second. One volt impressed across a resistance of one ohm causes a
current of one ampere to flow.
Attenuation-limited Operation
Amplification
The act of increasing the amplitude or strength of a signal.
The condition prevailing when the received signal amplitude rather than
distortion limits performance.
Amplifier
Attenuator
A device that accepts a signal at it’s input and presents that same signal,
without appreciable distortion, but at higher level amplitude, at its
output. CATV amplifiers pass and amplify a relatively wide spectrum.
A device or network for reducing the amplitude of a signal without
introducing distortion. May be fixed or variable, with the loss introduced
expressed in decibels. Often called a pad.
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temperature sensitivity, high reverse bias voltages (200 to 400 V to
achieve current multiplication of 100), and prices higher than PIN
photodiodes.
AGC
Abbreviation for Automatic Gain Control. Units with this feature maintain
a constant output level when the input signal level varies within a
specified AGC range.
Axial Mode
Agile (Frequency Agile)
Axial Ray
See longitudinal mode.
The capability to change channels quickly and easily, usually by setting
switches, i.e. agile modulator, agile processor.
A ray passing through the axis of the optical waveguide without any
internal reflection.
Amplifier
Azimuth
Device used to increase strength of TV signals.
Degrees clockwise from true north. For a compass heading a correction
for local magnetic deviation is required.
Attenuation
Reduction of signal strength.
Azimuth-Elevation Mount
Attenuator
Two pivot system consisting of separate azimuth and elevation
adjustments for aiming a satellite antenna.
Device used to receive radiated electro-magnetic signals such as radio
or TV.
Backscattering
Atmosphere
The scattering of light in a direction generally reverse to the original one.
The gaseous envelope surrounding the Earth, composed of 78% nitrogen,
21% oxygen, 0.9% argon, plus some carbon dioxide and water vapor. The
atmosphere is divided into several layers, as follows:
Balun
Bandwidth
Troposphere:
Stratosphere:
Ionosphere:
Exosphere: 370 + miles
0-10
10-50
50-370
Acronym for Balanced- Unbalanced. Refers to a 75 ohm to 300 OHM
impedance matching transformer.
miles
miles
miles
1. A range of frequencies (a portion of spectrum) defined by upper and
lower frequency limits.
2. T he capacity of an optical fiber to transmit information expressed in
bits of information transmitted in a specific time period for a specific
length of optical waveguide. Usually expressed like 10 megabits/sec/
km. Bandwidth is limited by pulse spreading or broadening due to
dispersion, so that adjacent pulses overlap and cannot be distinguished.
Automatic Gain Control (AGC)
A feature of some amplifiers and radio receivers which provides a
substantially constant output even though the signal input varies over
wide limits.
Automatic Level Control (ALC)
See Automatic gain control.
3. T he range of frequencies within which a fiber optic waveguide or
terminal device performs at a given specification.
Automatic Slope Control (ASC)
Bandwidth-limited Operation
A circuit that controls the slope of an amplifier automatically. See Slope.
The condition prevailing when the system bandwidth, rather than the
amplitude (or power) of the signal, limits performance. The condition is
reached when the system distorts the shape of the wave form beyond
specified limits. For linear systems, bandwidth- limited operation is
equivalent to distortion -limited operation.
Avalanche Effect
The cumulative multiplication of carriers in a semiconductor caused by
an electric field across the barrier region strong enough so that electrons
collide with valence electrons, releasing new electrons which have more
collisions, which release more electrons, etc.
Beam Splitter
A device that divides an incident beam into two or more separate beams.
Prisms, thin films, sheets of glass, and partially silvered mirrors can be
used to split a beam.
Avalanche Photodiode (APD)
A photodiode designed to take advantage of avalanche multiplication of
photo-current. As the reverse-bias voltage approaches the breakdown
voltage, hole-electron pairs created by absorbed photons acquire
sufficient energy to create additional hole-electron pairs when they
collide with substrate atoms; thus a multiplication effect is achieved.
Amplification is almost noiseless, and this makes APD's 10 to 15 dB more
sensitive than PIN photodiodes. The problems with APD's are:
Beat
1. T o combine two carriers, so as to produce new sum and difference
frequency carriers.
2. A
carrier generated by two or more carriers which have been passed
through a non-linear circuit.
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Broadband Specification Guide
CATV Terms & Definitions
Bel
Broadband Radio Service (BRS)
The fundamental division of a logarithmic scale for expressing the ratio of
two powers, which are in the ratio of one to ten. The Bel is an awkwardly
large unit, so the "decibel" (one-tenth of a Bel) is used instead.
Acronym for bit error rate.
Formerly known as MDS (Multi-point Distribution System) is a microwave
service in the 2150-2162 MHz frequency range consisting of (2) 6 MHz
channels used to deliver analog premium TV channel(s) to subscribers.
These two channels are in a FCC transition process to be re-located to
2496-2502 MHz and 2618-2624 MHz. Advanced wireless services (AWS)
will eventually occupy the former MDS spectrum.
Bi-directional
BTSC
Having equal effectiveness in two directions which are separated by 180
degrees in azimuth.
Acronym for Broadcast Television Stereo Committee.
BER
Buffer
Bi-directional Transmission
I. A
device used as an interface between two circuits or pieces of
equipment to reconcile their incompatibilities or to prevent variations
in one from affecting the other.
2. A circuit used for transferring data from one unit to another when
temporary storage is required because of different operating speeds
or times of occurrence of events.
Signal transmission in both directions along an optical waveguide or
other transmission medium.
Binary
Having two possible states or values.
Binary Digit
Buffer Tube
One unit of information in binary (two-level) notation.
An element that may be used to protect an optical fiber waveguide from
physical damage, providing mechanical isolation and protection.
Binary State
Either of the two conditions of a bi-stable device, the 11 one" state or
the "zero" state.
Buried Cable
A cable installed directly in the earth without the use of underground
conduits.
Bit
1. A
n electrical or light pulse whose presence or absence indicates data.
The capacity of the optical waveguide to transmit information through
the waveguide without error is expressed in bits per second per unit
length.
Cabling
1. T he act of twisting together two or more wires, pairs, or pair groups by
machine to form a cable.
2. The act of installing distribution cable, particularly in a new area.
2. An acronym for "binary digit."
Cable Equalizer
Bit-error Rate
The speed at which digital information is transmitted, usually expressed
in bits per second.
Device used to counter the effects of cable slope. Can be a stand alone
device or an optional plug-in module for an amplifier. dB values for
equalizers can be specified in two ways. First and most common is to
specify the equalizer dB value based upon the calculated high frequency
loss of the cable run to be equalized. The second way is to specify the dB
value relating to attenuation at 50 MHz as compared to upper frequency.
Example: A 6 dB 450 MHz equalizer would have essentially 0 dB of
insertion loss at 450 MHz and gradually increase to its rated 6 dB at 50 MHz.
Bridger Amplifier
Cable Loss
In a digital communications system, the fraction of bits transmitted that
are received incorrectly. If BER is specified at 10(-9) (a typical value), then
an average of one bit per one billion sent will be read wrong by the receiver.
Bit Rate
An amplifier introduced into a system to transition from low transmission
levels in the trunk sub-system, to higher transmission levels in the feeder
sub-system, of a trunk plus feeder designed CATV system. Also used to
provide signal feed points to feeder cables from trunk cables.
The reduction in signal level introduced by passing the signal (or signals)
through a length of cable, expressed in decibels.
Carrier
A sinusoidal current which can be modulated with intelligence for
communications purposes.
Brightness
An attribute of visual perception in accordance with which a source
appears to emit more or less light; since the eye is not equally sensitive to
all colors, brightness cannot be a quantitative measure.
Carrier-to-Noise Ratio (C/N Ratio)
The difference in amplitude of a carrier, and the noise power that is
present in that portion of spectrum occupied by the carrier. See Noise.
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Carrier Frequency
Circuit Reliability
1. T he frequency of an un-modulated carrier wave.
2. Any of the frequencies, which are suitable for, use as carriers.
The percentage of time a circuit was available to the user during a
specified period of time.
Carrier System
Cladding
A method of transmitting electrical intelligence by modulating it onto a
higher frequency carrier wave, and then, at the receiving end, recovering
the original intelligence by the reverse process of demodulation.
Useful because many channels of intelligence can be modulated on one
carrier wave on a single transmission channel.
The low refractive index material, which surrounds the core of the fiber
and protects against surface contaminant scattering. In all-glass fibers the
cladding is glass. In plastic-clad silica fibers, the plastic cladding also may
serve as the coating.
Carrier to Noise Ratio (CNR)
Two metallic conductors separated by a dielectric material, which share
the same axis.
Coaxial Cable
Ratio of carrier level to noise level measured in decibels. In TVRO systems
it is calculated from satellite power, antenna gain, and antenna/LNB noise
temperatures.
Collimation
The process by which a divergent or convergent beam of radiation is
converted into a beam with the minimum divergence possible for that
system (ideally, a parallel bundle of rays).
Carrier Transmission
A means of transmitting information electrically in which the transmitted
wave is a wave resulting from the modulation of a single- frequency
sinusoidal wave by a complex modulating wave.
Combiner
The sinusoidal single-frequency wave which is modulated by a complex
intelligence wave (called the modulating wave) to obtain a modulated
wave capable of carrying much intelligence over a single channel.
Device, which permits combining of several signals into one output with
a high degree of isolation between, inputs. Usually used for combining
outputs of processors and modulators. Combiners can be “passive”
(non-amplified output) or “active” (amplified output) with typically 8 or
12 input ports.
Cascade
Composite Triple Beat (CTB)
Carrier Wave
Community Antenna Television.
Spurious carriers that are generated by the sum and difference products
of any three carriers present, as many carriers are passed through a
nonlinear circuit or device. Composite triple beat is calculated as a voltage
addition.
Cavity
Conduit
The volume (resonator) which provides feedback for laser oscillations.
The most common configuration consists of an active medium between
two plane or curved mirrors, called cavity mirrors or end mirrors.
A pipe or tube, of tile, asbestos-cement, plastic or steel, which is placed
underground to form ducts through which cables can be passed.
C-Band
A reusable device for making temporary junctions between two optical
fibers.
Term used when referring to amplifiers serially connected.
CATV
Connector
Range of microwave frequencies typically used in satellite uplink 5.9 to
6/4 GHz, downlink 3.7 to 4.2 GHz.
CONUS
CCTV
Contiguous United States (48 states)
Closed-Circuit Television. Television intended for controlled distribution
usually through cables.
Converter
A circuit or device that changes the frequency of a carrier by heterodyning
it against a locally generated carrier. See Heterodyne.
Cherry Picker
Type of headend system where a desired limited number of channels
are selected from a CATV feed, rather than distributing all of the available
CATV channels. This system is common in schools since it allows
educators to distribute only those channels deemed accomplished with
heterodyne signal processors.
Converter, Set Top
See Converter, subscribers.
Converter, Subscribers
A unit or device that changes the frequency of carriers delivered at
a subscriber's premises from a CATV system, to a carrier (or carriers)
that can be tuned, detected, and displayed by conventional television
receivers at the subscriber's premises.
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Broadband Specification Guide
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Core
Decibel-milliwatt (dBm)
The light conducting portion of an optical waveguide. It is composed of
a high refractive index material made typically of silicon tetrachloride
(SiC14). The addition of germanium tetrachloride (GeC14) increases the
refractive index of the core and creates an index gradient along a waveguide.
A unit of power. Decibels referenced to a unit of one milliwatt.
Zero dBm = I mW.
Decibel-Watt (dBW)
A unit of power. Decibels referred to a unit of one watt. Zero dBW = I Watt.
Core Diameter
Demodulator
The diameter of the circle that circumscribes the core area.
Cross Modulation
Device that provides baseband audio and video outputs from a TV
channel input.
Interference created by operating equipment beyond limitations. In TV
broadband RF amplifiers it produces a “windshield wiper” interference on
the screen. In severe cases video content from another channel can be seen.
Detect
To rectify a modulated carrier wave and thereby recover the original
modulating wave.
Couplers
Detection
In fiber optics, a device which links three or more fibers, providing two or
more paths for the transmission signal. In an "active" coupler, a switching
mechanism selects among several routes; in a "passive" coupler, routing
is determined by the geometry of the device.
The process by which a wave corresponding to the modulating wave is
obtained from a modulated wave.
Dielectric
Cross-modulation (X-Mod)
A nonconducting (insulating) material, such as glass.
Modulation (intelligence or information) that is superimposed onto a
different modulated or un-modulated carrier, from another modulated
carrier that is present, when both signals are passed through a nonlinear circuit.
Digital Signal
A signal which is expressed by discrete states. For example, the absence
or presence of a voltage, the level of amplitude of a voltage, the duration
of the presence of a voltage, etc. Information or intelligence to be
transported may be assigned value or meaning by combinations of the
discrete states of the signal using a code of pulses or digits.
Cycle
One complete sequence of values of an alternating wave starting at zero,
increasing to a maximum positive value, decreasing to zero, increasing
to a maximum negative value, and decreasing to zero again. Also called
a Hertz.
Directional Coupler
A network or device that diverts a predetermined amount of its input
signal to one of two outputs, with the remaining balance of the input
energy being presented to a second Output.
DBS
Direct Broadcast Satellite. Pending high power Ku-Band satellite service
to provide programming directly to home subscribers via small diameter
(3 feet or less) parabolic antennas.
Dichroic Filter
An optical filter designed to transmit light selectively according to
wavelength (most often, a high-pass or low-pass filter.
Decibel (dB)
1. A
logarithmic unit of measure expressing the ratio of two discrete
levels, input and output for example, of power, voltage, or current.
May be used to denote either loss (-dB) or gain (+dB). One cannot
denote input or output signal level in dB, but one can denote gain or
loss in dB.
Dichroic Mirror
A mirror designed to reflect light selectively according to wavelength.
Diffraction
The deviation of light rays from the paths predicted by geometrical optics.
2. The standard unit used to express gain or loss of power.
Diffraction Grating
Decibel-millivolts (dBmV)
An array of fine, parallel, equally spaced reflecting or transmitting lines
that mutually enhance the effects of diffraction to concentrate the
diffracted light in a few directions determined by the spacing of the lines
and the wavelength of the light.
A logarithmic unit of measure of absolute power, voltage, or current. The
dB denotes a ratio between two levels (see Decibel) but the qualifying
term mV establishes one of the levels as a reference. Zero dBmV (0
dBmV) is one millivolt (0.001 or 10-1 volts) measured across a 75 Ω
impedance. Since the impedance is specified and fixed (75 ohms), 0
dBmV is also a reference power level of 0.0133 microwatts. One cannot
denote cable loss or amplifier gain in dBmV, but one can denote input or
output signal levels in dBmV.
Digital
Referring to the use of digits to formulate and solve problems, or to
encode information.
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Digital Data
Educational Broadband Service (EBS)
Any data which is expressed in digits. Usually implies the use of binary digits.
(Formerly known as ITFS) Microwave Transmission in the frequency
range of 2500 MHz to 2686 MHz.
Digital Signal
Electronic
A signal which is expressed by discrete states. For example, the absence
or presence of a voltage, the level of amplitude of a voltage, the duration
of the presence of a voltage, etc. Information or intelligence to be
transported may be assigned value or meaning by combinations of the
discrete states of the signal using a code of pulses or digits.
Describing devices, which depend upon the flow of electrons in vacuum
or in semiconductors, such as electron tubes, transistors, etc.
Electron Volt
Diplexer
The amount of energy gained by one electron in passing from a point to
another point which is one volt higher in potential.
A device used to combine or separate two signals. A U/V band separator
is one example of a diplexer.
Electromagnetic Wave
A wave capable of propagating energy through space at the speed of
light, consisting of electric and magnetic fields at right angles to each
other and to the direction of propagation. Depending upon its frequency
it may be known as a radio wave, a light wave, or a x-ray, etc.
Direct Pickup Interference (DPI)
Interference displayed as a leading ghost (left of the main image) on a
TV. This occurs in “on-channel” installations in close proximity to the TV
transmitters (generally within 10 miles).
ETV
Directional Coupler
Educational Television.
Type of tap that has a designated input and output port besides the tap
port(s). These devices exhibit high isolation between output and tap
ports. Unlike resistive MATV (non-directional) tapoffs, care must be taken
during installation for correct in/out connections.
Equalize
To apply to a transmission facility a network, whose characteristics are
complementary, such that the loss or delay in the facility and in the
equalizing network combined, make the overall loss or delay almost the
same for all frequencies passed through the facility or network.
Dish
A parabolic antenna used for satellite reception.
Equalizer
Dispersion
A network designed to compensate for an undesired frequency or delay
characteristic of a system or a device.
A term used to describe the chromatic or wavelength dependence
of a parameter as opposed to the temporal dependence, which is
referred to as distortion. The term is used, for example, to describe the
process by which an electromagnetic signal is distorted because the
various wavelength components of that signal have different propagation
characteristics.
Equalizer, Cable
A network designed to compensate for the frequency/loss characteristics
of a cable, so as to permit the system to pass all frequencies in a
uniform manner.
Domsat
FCC
Domestic Satellite System.
Federal Communications Commission. Regulatory agency that sets
communication standards in the US.
Downlink
FCC Docket 21006
Transmission from a satellite earthward. Can also refer to a TVRO
receive station.
An FCC ruling which set forth frequency off-sets on certain CATV channels
to minimize potential interference to aeronautical communications.
Double Window
Feeder
An optical fiber having desirable transmittance characteristics in both the
first and second window regions.
Dynamic Range
A sub-system within a trunk plus feeder designed CATV system, which
provides complete distribution of signals to subscribers within a limited
section of the CATV service area.
In a transmission system, the difference in decibels between the noise
level of the system and its overload level.
FET Photodetector
A photodetector employing photo-generation of carriers in the channel
region of a Field Effect Transistor structure to provide photo-detection
with current gain.
Echo
Reflected energy confined to only a portion of the spectrum which is
occupied by the originating signal.
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Broadband Specification Guide
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Filter
Giga
Device used to reject or pass a specified frequency or range of frequencies.
Some examples are band-pass filters, notch filters, channel elimination
filter, low & high pass filters.
A prefix used to represent one billion or 101 or 1,000,000,000; abbreviated
as G as in GHz, one billion cycles (Hertz) per second.
FM
See Gigahertz.
Gigacycle (Gc)
Frequency Modulation. Usually means stations in the 88-108 MHz band.
Gigahertz (GHz)
Footprint
One billion hertz. One billion cycles per second. See Hertz and Cycle.
The anticipated EIRP levels of a given satellite displayed upon a map.
Used to determine required antenna gain at a particular TVRO site.
Graded Index Fiber
An optical fiber which has a refractive index that gets progressively
lower away from the center. This characteristic causes the light rays to
be continually refocused by refraction in the core. A fiber type wherein
the core refractive index decreases almost parabolically radially outward
toward the cladding. This type of fiber combines high-bandwidth capacity
with moderately high coupling efficiency.
Forbidden Conversion
Term used when referring to a particular UHF to VHF or VHF to VHF
channel conversion that cannot be performed due to interferences that
occur internal to the unit.
Frequency Coordination
G/T
A computerized service using a database to resolve existing or potential
conflicts between users of microwave frequencies.
Figure of merit of a TVRO system relating to gain divided by noise
temperature expressed in dB/K.
Frequency Reuse
Ghost
A technique in which independent information is transmitted on
horizontal and vertical polarization’s to reuse a given band of frequencies.
Single or multiple images on a TV screen. Causes can be multi-path
reflections in the receiving path of an antenna, Direct Pick-Up interference
(DPI, or impedance mismatches.
FSM
Field Strength Meter. A test instrument for measuring RF signals.
Guard Band
Fusion Splicer
An instrument which permanently joins two optical fibers by welding
their cores together with a brief electric arc.
A portion of spectrum left vacant and not utilized between two
carriers or bands of carriers, to provide a margin of safety against
mutual interference.
Gain
Guided Wave
An increase in power produced by an amplifier and expressed in decibels.
See Amplifier.
A wave which is concentrated between materials having different
properties, and is propagated within those boundaries.
Gain Control
Hard Line Cable
A device on amplifiers to adjust the gain.
Semi-rigid coaxial cable consisting of a solid tubular aluminum outer
shield used in CATV trunk and feeder applications. Typical sizes range
from .412” OD to 1.0” OD.
Gain Module
A mechanical sub-assembly within an amplifier housing which produces gain.
Headend (HE)
Gain, Usable
The equipment where all signals are received, processed and combined
prior to distribution.
The gain presented for use between the input and output connections
of an amplifier housing. Since several accessory items may be included
inside the housing, but external to the gain module, such as pads,
equalizers, two-way filters, etc., the gain provided by the gain module
itself will generally be somewhat higher than the usable gain actually
available between the housing cable connections.
Hertz (Hz)
Frequency of periodic oscillations, expressed in cycles per second.
Gallium Aluminum Arsenide (GaAlAs)
The compound used to make most semiconductor lasers that operate at
800 to 900 nanometers in wavelength.
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Heterodyne
Hyperband
The process of mixing (beating) two frequencies together to generate
frequencies of their sum and difference. This process is used for
channel conversion.
CATV channels AA thru YY (numeric equivalents -37 thru 61) falling in the
frequency range of 300 to 450 MHz.
1. C
ombining two carriers to generate a new carrier which may be either
the sum or difference addition of the original frequencies.
Short for intermediate distribution frame, a cable rack that interconnects
and manages the telecommunications wiring between an MDF and
workstation devices. Cables entering a building run through a centralized
MDF, then each individual IDF and then on to specific workstations. For
example, an enterprise that encompasses a building with several floors
may have one MDF on the first floor and one IDF on each of the floors
that is connected to the MDF.
IDF
2. T o shift a carrier frequency to a new frequency by combining it with
another carrier which is locally generated.
Heterodyne Signal Processor
A unit employed in CATV systems to convert a carrier frequency to
an intermediate frequency (IF). The intermediate frequency carrier
may then be filtered, regulated, or otherwise conditioned, and then
heterodyned back to either the original carrier frequency, or to a
completely new carrier frequency.
Index Matching Material
Highband
A material, often a liquid or cement, whose refractive index is nearly
equal to an optical element index. Material with an index nearly equal
to that of an optical fiber's core is used in splicing and coupling to reduce
reflections from the fiber end face.
The radio spectrum between 174 and 216 megahertz (MHz). Standard
television channels 7 through 13 fall within this spectrum.
Index Profile
High-Split
A characteristic of an optical fiber which describes the way its index of
refraction changes with its radius.
Two-way cable communication frequency plan, where the diplex filter’s
cross-over frequency is in the high-band. Consists of an incoming
frequency range of 7-186 MHz and an out-going of 222-450 MHz.
Impedance
Circuit characteristic) voltage divided by current). TV distribution has
standardized on 75 ohm and 300 ohm.
Home Run Cabling
Insertion Loss
Wiring method where each subscriber is fed via a dedicated drop cable.
Horsepower
The loss introduced into a cable or system by the Insertion of a device or
network expressed in decibels. See Loss.
A unit of mechanical power equivalent to 550 foot-pounds per second,
or to 745.7 Watts.
Instructional Television Fixed Service (ITFS)
ITFS is a microwave transmission in the frequency range of 25002686 MHz used by educational entities for distributing programming
employing analog TV transmissions. This band was also referred to as
MMDS and was used by wireless cable operators. The FCC has since
re-designated this band as BRS (Broadband Radio Service) and EBS
(Educational Broadband Service) and has established provisions for
digital transmissions.
HRC
Harmonically Related Carriers. Frequencies plan used by some CATV
companies which provides for lower perceived distortion levels in
cascaded amplifiers. HRC channels assignments with the exception of
channels 5 and 6 (.75 MHz higher than standard).
Hum Modulation
Interference
Undesired low frequency modulation of a carrier at the frequency of the
source of the interference, or a harmonic of that frequency, usually 60 Hz
or 120 Hz, for example.
Noise or other disturbances such as spurious signals that, when
introduced to a desired signal, reduce the intelligibility of the information
carried on that signal.
Hybrid System
Intermodulation Distortion
In Cable Television systems, this refers to a system that incorporates
lightwave transmission on optical fibers for a part of the system, and
extends the plant on RF broadband coaxial cables for distribution and
connection to subscribers.
The distortion introduced when several or many carriers are passed
through a nonlinear circuit. This includes the spurious signals (beats)
produced as sum and difference additions of the carriers present, and
the transfer or superimposition of modulating information from one
carrier to another.
Hydroxylion Absorption
Absorption of optical power in optical fiber due to hydroxyl (OH) ions. This
absorption has to be minimized for low fiber loss.
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Broadband Specification Guide
CATV Terms & Definitions
Infrared
Light Emitting Diode (LED)
Electromagnetic radiation with wavelength between 0.7 micrometer
and about I millimeter. Wavelengths at the shorter end of this range
are frequently called "near" infrared, and those longer than about 20
micrometers, "far" infrared.
Acronym for light emitting diode.
Intrinsic Noise (See Noise, intrinsic)
Isolation
Light Source
Electrical separation (or loss) between two locations or pieces of
equipment. Degree of isolation usually specified in dB.
Lightwave
Lightguide
Synonym for optical waveguide.
A generic term that includes lasers and LED's.
Any electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength in the Range from
800 to 1,600 nanometers in the near infrared region.
Jacket
A layer of material, generally plastic, that surrounds an optical fiber
to protect it from physical damage. Unlike the cladding, the jacket is
physically distinct from the fiber core.
Linear
Joule
Line Extender
The characteristic of a device or network whose output signal voltage is
directly proportional to its input signal voltage.
An international unit of work or energy. The work required to maintain a
current of one ampere through one ohm for one second. A Watt-second.
Kilo
An unsophisticated amplifier operating at relatively high transmission
levels in the feeder sub-system of a trunk plus feeder designed
CATV system.
A prefix for one thousand (1,000 or 101).
LNA
Kilobit
Low Noise Amplifier. Provides initial amplification of downlink signal at
antenna location.
One thousand bits.
LNB
Kilocycle (Kc)
Low Noise Block (converter). Integrated LNA and down converter.
Available in either C or Ku band inputs. The most prevalent output
frequency scheme is 950-1450 MHz, however other schemes that have
been used include 900-1400, 1000-1500 and 270-770 MHz.
See Kilohertz.
Kilohertz (kHz)
1. One thousand hertz.
2. One thousand cycles per second.
Local Origination
Channels that are generated on site, such as those that are derived from
character generators, laser disks, or VCR’s in the headend.
Ku Band
Range of frequencies used in satellite transmissions. Common uplink
frequency for U.S. domestic satellites is 14 to 14.5 GHz with a downlink
frequency of 11.7 to 12.2 GHz.
Long Wavelength
As applied to fiber optic systems, this term generally refers to operation
at wavelengths in the range of 1,100 nanometers to 1,700 nanometers.
Laser
Look Angle
Acronym for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation."
A device which generates or amplifies electromagnetic oscillations at
wavelengths between the far infrared (sub-millimeter) and ultraviolet.
Like any electromagnetic oscillator, a laser oscillator consists of two basic
elements: an amplifying (active) medium and a regeneration or feedback
device (resonant cavity). A laser's amplifying medium can be a gas,
semiconductor, dye solution, etc. Feedback is typically from two mirrors.
Distinctive properties of the electromagnetic oscillations produced
include monochromaticity, high intensity, small beam divergence, and
phase coherence. As a description of a device, "laser" refers to the active
medium plus all equipment necessary to produce the effect called lasing.
TVRO term that refers to both the azimuth and elevation angles required
to sight or aim a dish to a given satellite.
Loss
Reduction in signal strength usually expressed in dB. Synonymous
with attenuation.
Low Band
The radio spectrum between 54 and 88 MHz. Standard VHF television
channels 2 through 6 fall within this spectrum.
Lashed Cable
An aerial cable fastened to its supporting messenger by a continuous
spirally wrapped steel wire.
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Broadband Specification Guide
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Loss
Micron
Power dissipated in a device, cable, or network expressed in decibels.
See attenuation.
The unit used for specifying the wavelength of light, equal to one
millionth of a meter.
Matching
Microwave
Obtaining like impedances to provide a reflection free transfer of signal.
A term denoting radio waves which are in the electromagnetic spectrum
at frequencies approximately 1,000 MHz and higher.
Matching Transformer
Mid-band
Device to transform signals from one impedance to another impedance.
IN TV systems usually 75 ohm unbalanced to 300 ohm balanced. Also
known as a balun.
The radio spectrum between 88 and 174 MHz, which lies between
standard VHF television, channels 6 and 7. CATV channels A through I
(nine channels) fall within the mid-band spectrum.
MATV
Master Antenna Television.
Mid-Split
MDF
Two way cable communications frequency plan, where the diplex
filter’s crossover frequency is in the mid-band. Consists of an incoming
frequency range of 5-108 MHz and an out-going of 150-450 MHz.
Short for main distribution frame, a cable rack that interconnects and
manages the telecommunications wiring between itself and any number
of IDFs. Unlike an IDF, which connects internal lines to the MDF, the MDF
connects private or public lines coming into a building with the internal
network. For example, an enterprise that encompasses a building with
several floors may have one centralized MDF on the first floor and one
IDF on each of the floors that is connected to the MDF.
MilliA prefix for one thousandth (10-1).
Milliwatt
One thousandth of a Watt.
MDS
Mixer
Is an acronym for Multipoint Distribution System. MDS is former
line-of-sight microwave transmission consisting of two 6 MHz analog
channels in the 2150-2162 MHz frequency range. It was typically used
to provide premium programming on a subscription basis. The FCC has
subsequently relocated this service to the BRS/EBS band. The 2150-2162
MHz band is now allocated for Advanced Wireless Services (AWS).
Device to combine signals while maintaining impedance.
Mechanical Splice
Mode Field Diameter
A functional representation of the energy carrying region
of the fiber. Also referred to as Spot size.
MMDS
Abbreviation for Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service, also
known as Wireless Cable. Over-the-air subscription service transmitted
on MDS and ITFS frequencies now known as the BRS/EBS band.
A fiber splice accomplished by fixtures or materials, rather than by
thermal fusion. Index matching material may be applied between the
two fiber ends.
Modem
Media Retrieval
A single unit of equipment which combines the functions of modulator
and demodulator. This is an economical arrangement, since the two
circuits can use common elements.
Type of headend system used in educational facilities that allows remote
control of headend video playback equipment (VCR’s, laser disks, etc.)
from the classrooms.
Modulation
Mega-
MER is a measure used to quantify the performance of a digital
RF transmitter or receiver in a communications system using digital
modulation such as QAM or QPSK. It is caused by various system
imperfections such as noise, low image rejection ratio, phase noise,
carrier suppression, distortion, etc.
A prefix for one million (1,000,000 or 101).
Megabit (mb)
One million bits.
Modulation Error Rate (MER)
Megacycle (mc) (See Megahertz)
Megahertz (MHz)
The process by which some characteristic of a wave such as amplitude,
frequency, or phase is varied in accordance with a modulating wave. This
term is also commonly used to refer to the information (intelligence)
present on a modulated carrier.
One million hertz. One million cycles per second. See Hertz and Cycle.
MicroA prefix for one millionth (10-').
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Broadband Specification Guide
CATV Terms & Definitions
Modulator
Optical Fiber
A device, which produces a TV channel from baseband audio/
video, inputs.
Any filament or fiber, made of dielectric materials, that guides light,
whether or not it is used to transmit signals.
Monochromatic
Optical Link
Consisting of a single wavelength or color. In practice, radiation is
never perfectly monochromatic but, at best, displays a narrow band of
wavelengths. Monomode optical waveguide Synonym for single mode
optical waveguide.
Any optical transmission channel designed to connect two end terminals
or to be connected in Series with other channels.
Optical Power
Colloquial synonym for radiant power.
MTS
Optical Spectrum
Multiple Television Sound. Referred to as BTSC, system allows TV stereo
sound transmission with a second audio program (SAP). Similar to FM
stereo, composite baseband audio signal consists of L+R, L-R, and a
15,734 KHZ pilot carrier.
Generally, the electromagnetic spectrum within the wavelength
region extending from the vacuum ultraviolet at 40 nm to the far
infrared at I mm.
Multimode
Optical Time-domain Reflectometer
Emission at several frequencies simultaneously, generally closely spaced,
each frequency representing a different mode of laser oscillation in the
resonant cavity. A term that describes optical waveguide that permits the
propagation of more than one mode.
An instrument which locates faults in an optical fiber by sending a short
pulse of light through the fiber, then timing the arrival of backscattered
signals, which originate at discontinuities in the fiber.
Multimode Fiber
Pertaining to a device that responds to optical power, emits or modifies
optical radiation, or utilizes optical radiation for its internal operation. Any
device that functions as an electrical-to-optical or optical-to-electrical
transducer.
Opto-electronic
A fiber that supports propagation of more than one mode of a
given wavelength.
Multiplexer
Note: P
hotodiodes, LED's, injection lasers and integrated optical elements
are examples of opto-electronic devices commonly used in optical
waveguide communications.
A device which combines two or more optical signals onto one
communications channel. The signals can be of different wavelengths
(wavelength -division multiplexing) or can occupy different time slots
(time-division multiplexing). Combination of information signals from
several channels into one single optical channel for transmission.
Oscillator
A circuit generating an alternating current wave at some
specific frequency.
Noise Figure (NF)
A measure of how much noise an active device, such as a TV amplifier,
adds to the thermal noise level constant of –59 dbmv
Output Capability
Defines the relationship between the intermodulation distortion
introduced, and the operating output signal levels of an amplifier, with
the traffic loading of the device as a factor.
Off Channel Processsing
Processing a channel on a frequency other than its’ received frequency.
Example: Channel 40 UHF processed and distributed as Channel 5;
Channel 4 processed and distributed as Channel 10.
Output Power
Radiant power, expressed in Watts.
OMT
Pad
Orthomode Transducer. A section of waveguide connected to the feed at
the focal point of the TVRO antenna that separates horizontal and vertical
polarities. An OMT is required for simultaneous reception of even and
odd number transponders from a given satellite.
See Attenuator.
Paired Cable
Cable in which the conductors are combined in pairs, i.e.: two wires
which are twisted about each other. Each wire of the pair has its
distinctive color of insulation.
On Channel Processing
Processing a channel on its received frequency. Example: Channel 2 off
air being processed and distributed as Channel 2.
Parabolic Antenna
Consists of a round (parabolic) reflector, which focuses all received RF
energy to a single point. Commonly referred to as a “dish.”
Optical Detector
A transducer that generates an output electrical signal when irradiated
with optical power.
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Broadband Specification Guide
CATV Terms & Definitions
Passive
Pulse Broadening
Describing a device which does not contribute energy to the signal
it passes.
An increase in pulse duration. Note: Pulse broadening may be specified
by the impulse response, the root-mean-square pulse broadening, or the
full-duration-half-maximum pulse broadening.
Phase Lock
Pulse Decay Time
The control of an oscillator such that its output signal maintains a
constant phase angle relative to a second, reference signal.
The time required for the instantaneous amplitude of an electrical wave
to go from 90% to 10% of the peak amplitude.
Photodetector
Pulse Length
Any device which detects light, generally producing an electronic signal
with intensity proportional to that of the incident light.
The time duration of the burst of energy emitted by a pulsed laser; also
called pulse width. Usually measured at the "half-power" points (0.707
times the full height of a voltage or current pulse).
Photodiode
A diode designed to produce photo-current by absorbing light.
Photodiodes are used for the detection of optical power and for the
conversion of optical power to electrical power.
Pulse Rise Time
The time required for the instantaneous amplitude of an electrical wave
to go from 10% to 90% of the peak amplitude.
Photon
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)
A quantum of electromagnetic energy.
QAM is a modulation technique employing both phase and amplitude
modulation. It is widely used to transmit digital CATV programs and cable
Internet service. There are different QAM levels based upon the number
of modulation states used. QAM64 utilizes 6 bits for 64 modulation
states, QAM128 uses 7 bits for 128 states, QAM 256 uses 8 bits for 256
states, etc.
PicoA prefix denoting one millionth of a millionth; one trillionth (10-11).
Pronounced "pie-ko."
Pigtail
A short length of optical fiber, permanently fixed to a component, used to
couple lightwave power between it and the transmission fiber.
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
QPSK uses four phase angles to represent each 2 bits input. It is similar
to QAM4 without amplitude modulation. QPSK is used in many CATV
satellite transmissions.
PIN Photodiode
A diode with a large intrinsic region sandwiched between p-doped and
n-doped semiconducting regions. Photons absorbed in this region create
electron-hole pairs that are then separated by an electric field, thus
generating an electric current in a load circuit.
Radiant Energy
Energy (joules) which is transferred via electromagnetic waves; there is
no associated transfer of matter.
Plant
Ray
A general term applied to any of the physical property of a
service company, which contributes to the furnishing of power or
communication services.
A geometric representation of a light path through an optical device:
a line normal to the wave front indicating the direction of radiant
energy flow.
Polarization
Rayleigh Scattering
A waveform characteristic of electromagnetic radiation. Two types of
polarizations are used, linear (horizontal and vertical) and circular (right
and left hand).
Scattering of a lightwave propagating in a material medium due to the
atomic or molecular structure of the material and variations in the structure
as a function of distance. The scattering losses vary as the reciprocal of
the fourth power of the wavelength. The distances between scattering
centers are small compared to the wavelength. Rayleigh scattering is
the fundamental limit of fiber loss in the operating wavelength region
(0.8-1.6 um) of optical fiber systems.
Power
Energy per unit of time.
Pre-Amplifier
Low noise amplifier usually mounted in close proximity to a receiving
antenna. Used to compensate for down lead losses.
Ratio
The relative size of two quantities indicated by the quotient obtained by
dividing one quantity by the other.
Receiver
A unit including a detector and signal-processing electronics that converts
optical input into electronic output; often used in communications.
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Broadband Specification Guide
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Reflection
Riser
1. R
eflected energy which substantially covers the spectrum occupied by
the originating signal.
Term generally used to describe a simplified single line distribution
drawing. In buildings, a riser refers to a location where cable routing can
pass from floor to floor.
2. T he abrupt change in direction of a light beam at an interface between
two dissimilar media so that the light beam returns into the medium
from which it originated.
Second-order Distortion
Spurious signals generated when two or more carriers are passed
through a nonlinear circuit. The spurious signals are sum and difference
products of any two carriers. Sometimes referred to as second-order
"beats." Second order distortion is calculated as a power addition.
Refraction
The bending of a beam of light at an interface between two dissimilar
media or in a medium whose refractive index is a continuous function of
position (graded-index medium).
Second Window
Characteristic of an optical fiber having a region of relatively high
transmittance surrounded by regions of low transmittance in the
wavelength range of 1200 to 1350 nanometers.
Refractive Index
The ratio of the velocity of light in a vacuum to the velocity of light in the
specified medium.
Semiconductor
Remote Local Origination
A signal amplification device, often used along cables to extend
transmission distances.
A material whose resistivity is between that of conductors and insulators,
and whose resistivity can sometimes be changed by light, an electric
field, or a magnetic field. Current flow is sometimes by movement of
negative electrons, and sometimes by transfer of positive holes. Used
in transistors, diodes, photodiodes, photocells, and thermistors. Some
examples are: silicon, germanium, selenium, and lead sulfide.
Response
Semiconductor, n-type
Closed-circuit program generated some place other than the headend.
Example: Sub-channel origination.
Repeater
A semiconductor material, such as germanium or silicon, which has a
small amount of impurity, such as antimony, arsenic, or phosphorous
added to increase the supply of free electrons. Such a material conducts
electricity through movement of electrons.
The fidelity with which the output of a system, device, or network
corresponds to its input.
Responsivity
The ratio of an optical detector's electrical output to its optical input, the
precise definition depending on the detector type; generally expressed in
Amperes per Watt or Volts per Watt of incident radiant power.
Semiconductor, p-type
A semiconductor material which has been doped so that it has a net
deficiency of free electrons. It therefore conducts electricity through
movement of "holes," which see.
Return Loss
A ratio expressed in dB between the reflected signal and the total
signal applied to a device. In 75 ohm systems, the closer the device’s
impedance is to 75 ohms, the higher the return loss.
Sensitivity
Imprecise synonym for responsivity. In optical system receivers, the
minimum power required to achieve a specified quality of performance
in terms of output signal-to-noise ratio or other measure.
Return Loss, Structural
The return loss of coaxial cable as established by discrete discontinuities
introduced during the manufacturing process.
Scattering
Radio Frequency (10 KHz-100GHz).
The change in direction of light rays or photons after striking a small
particle or particles. It may also be regarded as the diffusion of a light
beam caused by the inhomogeneity of the transmitting medium.
RFI
Signal Level Meter (SLM)
RF
A tuned radio frequency voltmeter, usually calibrated in decibels per
millivolt (dBmV) as well as voltage.
Radio Frequency Interference. Undesired RF signals.
Ribbon Cable
Signal-to-noise Ratio (S/N ratio)
A cable whose conductors lie side by side in a single plane. Usually has a
molded polyethylene insulation.
The difference in amplitude of a signal (before modulation or after
detection of a modulated carrier), and the noise present in the spectrum
occupied by the signal, when both are measured at the same point in
the system.
Rise Time
For an emitter, the time it takes for light intensity to rise from 10% to 90%
of peak output. Detector rise time, also called response time, is the time
in which the detector output goes from 10% to 90% of peak.
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Broadband Specification Guide
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Single-cable Design
Step-index Fiber
A technique for designing CATV systems that utilizes a single type of
amplifier with identical transmission levels throughout the system. It
may, or may not, actually require some placement of paralleling cables in
portions of the system.
A type of fiber which has an abrupt change in index of refraction at the
core/cladding interface. Generally such fibers have larger cores, higher
losses, and lower bandwidths than graded-index types.
Single-mode Fiber
A refractive index profile characterized by a uniform refractive index
within the core and a sharp decrease in refractive index at the corecladding interface.
Step-index Profile
An optical waveguide through which only one mode will propagate.
Single-mode waveguide is produced by reducing the diameter of the
core of the waveguide to 2 to 10 microns. The diameter of the core
is dependent on the difference in the refractive index of the core and
cladding. As the difference in the refractive index of the core and cladding
decreases, the diameter of the core increases. Theoretically, the core
could be infinitely large as the difference in index become infinitely
small. Single-mode operation is desirable because all modes except the
lowest and simplest mode are excluded. This reduces time distortion of
signals propagating in unwanted modes, retains phase relationships, and
reduces dispersion to the lowest possible value.
Strip Amplifier
Slang expression for a channelized high-output AGC’d amplifier used in
processing VHF or UHF channels in a headend.
Sub-Band
The radio spectrum between 5 and 40 MHz.
Sub-Split
Two-way cable communication frequency plan. Consists of an incoming
frequency range of 5-40 MHz and an out-going of 50-450 MHz.
Slope
Difference in attenuation between specified low and high frequencies.
Subscriber Converter
SLM
See Converter, subscriber.
Signal Level Meter. Test equipment used to measure RF signal strengths
in CATV/MATV systems. Also referred to as FSM.
Subscriber’s Loop
Circuit between a local office and a subscriber's telephone set.
SNR
Super-Band
Acronym for signal-to-noise ratio.
The radio spectrum between 216 and approximately 400 MHz.
Source
Super-Trunk
A device that, when properly driven (with electrical energy), will produce
information-carrying optical signals.
A sub-system cable transmission link for transporting television signals
between two discrete locations.
Sparklies
Sync Pulse
Black or white dots or streaks that may appear in a satellite program’s
picture. This condition is caused by an insufficient carrier-to-noise ratio.
Information included in a composite video signal to synchronize the
television receiver's picture tube electron beam with the electron beam
in the television camera which originated the video signal, or with any
other source of a video signal.
Spectrum
A range of frequencies within which waves have common characteristics.
For example, audio spectrum, radio spectrum, etc. Radio spectrum is
generally accepted to include the range between 8 KHz and 300 GHz.
Tap, Subscriber
A device that diverts a predetermined amount of its input energy to one
or more tap outputs for the purpose of feeding energy into subscriber
service drop cables. The remaining balance of the input energy is
presented to a tap output port for propagation farther out into the system.
Splice
A permanent connection of two optical fibers.
Splitter
Tap, Optical
A network or device that divides its input energy equally between two
outputs. It is possible to cascade (serially connect) splitters to provide
more than two outputs, but usually the input energy is not then equally
divided across those outputs if the outputs are not multiples of two.
A device for extracting a portion of the optical signal from a fiber.
Tapoff
Device to provide a small amount of signal from a distribution line to feed
a TV set. Provides an asymmetrical signal split.
Star Coupler
A passive device in which power from one or several input waveguides
is distributed amongst a larger number of output optical waveguides.
TASO
Television Allocation Study Organization, Industry group that advised the
Federal Communications Commission on TV matters.
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Broadband Specification Guide
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Termination
Two-way
Resistive device at end of distribution line or unused outputs of equipment
to avoid reflections (ghost).
Describing a transmission system, which can transport signals in both
directions simultaneously.
Thru-Line Loss
Two-way Filter
Insertion loss of a tapoff.
A combination of low and high pass filters to subdivide spectrum in a
CATV system, allocating some spectrum for transmission in one direction,
and some spectrum for transmission in the opposite direction.
Tilt Control
Circuit on an amplifier to compensate for cable slope. Also referred to as
slope control.
T-1 Carrier System
A 24-channel, transistorized, time-division, pulse-code modulation, voice
carrier used on exchange cable to provide short-haul trunks. Uses two
pairs, in one or two cables, for two directions of transmission. Requires
regenerative pulse repeaters at 6000 feet intervals.
Transmitter
In a fiber optic system, the device which converts a modulated
electrical signal into an optical signal for transmission through a fiber. A
transmitter typically consists of a light source (LED or diode laser) and
driving electronics.
UHF
Ultra High Frequencies TV channels 14-69 (470-806 MHz)
Transponder
Ultra-high Frequency (UHF)
A frequency converter (translator) aboard a satellite that changes the
uplink signal to the downlink signal and provides amplifications. Typical
C-Band domestic satellites have 24 transponders.
The radio spectrum between 300 and 3,000 MHz. The term UHF is also
commonly used to denote standard television channels 14 through 69,
which fall within this spectrum.
Trap
Ultraviolet
A device used to attenuate specific frequencies of channels.
Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between about 40 and 400
nanometers. Radiation between 40 and 200 nm is termed "vacuum
ultraviolet" because it is absorbed by air and travels only through a
vacuum. The "near" ultraviolet has wavelengths close to those of visible
light; the "far" ultraviolet has shorter wavelengths.
Triple Beat Distortion
Spurious signals generated when three or more carriers are passed
through a nonlinear circuit. The spurious signals are sum and difference
products of any three carriers, sometimes referred to as "beats." Triple
beat distortion is calculated as a voltage addition.
Underground Cable
Trunk
Cable installed in subsurface conduits terminating at intervals in manholes,
thus permitting the placing, replacing, or removal of cables at will.
1. O
ne telephone communication channel between (a) two ranks of
switching equipment in the same central office, (b) between central
office units in the same switching center, or (c) between two switching
centers. A trunk is for the common use of all calls of one class between
its two terminals.
Uplink
Transmission from earth to a satellite.
Usable Gain (See Gain, usable)
VHF
2. A
sub-system within a trunk plus feeder designed CATV system which
provides somewhat limited, arterial distribution of signals broadly
across the CATV service area.
Very High Frequencies TV channels 2 thru 13 and FM (54-216 MHz).
Velocity of Light
Trunk Plus Feeder Design (trunk/feeder)
A technique for designing CATV systems which involves two or more
transmission levels, applied within different sub-systems of the same
system. Generally requires some significant amount of paralleling
cable placement.
The velocity of light in a vacuum is 2,997,925. meters per second or
186,280 miles per second. For rough calculations the figure of 3,000,000
meters per second is generally used.
TVRO
The radio spectrum between 30 and 300 MHz. The term VHF is also
commonly used to denote standard television channels 2 through 13,
which fall within this spectrum.
Very High Frequency (VHF)
An abbreviation for "television receive only." Defines a facility which can
include antennas, preamplifiers, and receivers for the reception only of
television signals from a geostationary satellite in space.
Vestigial Side Band (VSB)
In amplitude-modulated transmissions, a portion of only one sideband
of a modulated carrier. The modulated carrier is passed through a filter
having a graduated cut-off characteristic near the carrier frequency. A
substantial portion of the modulated carrier is suppressed in this fashion.
Twinlead
A balanced transmission line usually of 300 ohm impedance.
94
Broadband Specification Guide
CATV Terms & Definitions
Video
Wideband Passing
1. Pertaining to the signal which carries a television picture.
A Wide Range of Frequencies.
2. Describing the four megahertz wide band of frequencies which
constitutes a television signal.
Windloading
Force exerted upon a structure based upon wind speed, direction and
projected area of the structure.
Video All-Call
Feature on a headend system which allows for all channels to be
preempted with an emergency message or program. The headend
generally employs heterodyne processors and/or modulators. Electronic
A/B switches inserted in the IF loops substitutes the emergency program
IF signal when all-call is invoked.
Visible Light
That part of the spectrum to which the human eye is sensitive, usually
defined as wavelengths between 390 and 780 nanometers.
Voice Channel
A transmission path suitable for carrying analog voice signals, covering a
frequency band of 250-3400 Hz.
VSWR
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio. A measure of how much signal is reflected
from a device. If no signal is reflected the VSWR would be 1. This occurs
when the signal source and the device the signal is applied to have the
same impedance. This term is mostly used when referring to transmitters
and microwave components. For RF distribution systems see “return loss.”
Watt
The unit of electric power, equal to the rate of work when a current of
one ampere flows under a pressure of one volt. For direct currents, it is
equal to the product of the voltage and current, or the product of circuit
resistance by the square of the current. For alternating currents it is equal
to the product of effective volts and effective current times the circuit
power factor.
Wave
1. A periodic variation of an electric voltage or current.
2. A
wave motion in any medium: mechanical as in water, acoustical as
sound in air, electrical as current waves on wires, or electromagnetic
as radio and light waves through space.
Waveguide
Any device which guides electromagnetic waves along a path defined by
the physical construction of the device.
Wavelength
The distance between three consecutive nodes of a wave, equal to 360
electrical degrees. It is equal to the velocity of propagation divided by the
frequency, when both are in the same units.
Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)
The provision of two or more channels over a common optical waveguide,
the channels being differentiated by optical wavelength.
95
Broadband Specification Guide
Frequency Charts (CATV, Off-Air)
CATV Channels, North America
EIA
Standard
Video
Incremental
Video
Audio
Audio
Harmonic
Video
Audio
Chan.
Chan.
T7
none
7.0000
11.5000
NA
NA
NA
NA
T8
none
13.0000
17.5000
NA
NA
NA
NA
T9
none
19.0000
23.5000
NA
NA
NA
NA
T10
none
25.0000
29.5000
NA
NA
NA
NA
T11
none
31.0000
35.5000
NA
NA
NA
NA
T12
none
37.0000
41.5000
NA
NA
NA
NA
T13
none
43.0000
47.5000
NA
NA
NA
NA
T14
none
49.0000
53.5000
NA
NA
NA
NA
2
02
55.2500
59.7500
3
03
4
04
A8
01
5
05
6
55.2625
59.7625
54.0027 58.5027
61.2500 65.7500
61.2625
65.7625
60.0030 64.5030
67.2500 71.7500
67.2625
71.7625
66.0033 70.5030
73.2625
77.7625
72.0036 76.5036
77.2500 81.7500
79.2625
83.7625
78.0039 82.5039
06
83.2500 87.7500
85.2625
89.7625
84.0045 88.5042
A5
95
91.2500 95.7500
91.2625
95.7625
90.0045 94.5045
A4
96
97.2500 101.7500
97.2625
101.7625
96.0048 100.5048
NA
NA
A3
97
103.2500 107.7500
103.2625 107.7625
102.0051 106.5051
A2
98*
109.2750 113.7750
109.2750 113.7750
A1
99*
115.2750 119.7750
115.2750 119.7750
Cannot lock to comb
ref: refer to FCC regs
A
14*
121.2625 125.7625
121.2625 125.7625
120.0060 124.5060
B
15*
127.2625 131.7625
127.2625 131.7625
126.0063 130.5063
C
16*
133.2625 137.7625
133.2625 137.7625
132.0066 136.5066
D
17
139.2500 143.7500
139.2625 143.7625
138.0069 142.5069
E
18
145.2500 149.7500
145.2625 149.7625
144.0072 148.5072
F
19
151.2500 155.7500
151.2625 155.7625
150.0075 160.5078
G
20
157.2500 161.7500
157.2625 161.7625
156.0078 160.5078
H
21
163.2500 167.7500
163.2625 167.7625
162.0081 166.5081
I
22
169.2500 173.7500
169.2625 173.7625
168.0084 172.5084
7
07
175.2500 179.7500
175.2625 179.7625
174.0087 178.5087
8
08
181.2500 185.7500
181.2625 185.7625
180.0090 184.5090
9
09
187.2500 191.7500
187.2625 191.7625
186.0093 190.5093
10
10
193.2500 197.7500
193.2625 197.7625
192.0096 196.5096
11
11
199.2500 203.7500
199.2625 203.7625
198.0099 202.5099
12
12
205.2500 209.7500
205.2625 209.762
204.0102 208.5102
13
13
211.2500 215.7500
211.2625 215.7625
210.0105 214.5105
J
23
217.2500 221.7500
217.2625 221.7625
216.0108 220.5108
K
24*
223.2500 227.7500
223.2625 227.7625
222.0111 226.5111
L
25*
229.2625 233.7625
229.2625 233.7625
228.0114 232.5114
M
26*
235.2625 239.7625
235.2625 239.7625
234.0117 238.5117
N
27*
241.2625 245.7625
241.2625 245.7625
240.0120 244.5120
O
28*
247.2625 251.7625
247.2625 251.7625
246.0123 250.5123
P
29*
253.2625 257.7625
253.2625 257.7625
252.0126 256.5126
Q
30*
259.2625 263.7625
259.2625 263.7625
258.0129 262.5129
R
31*
265.2625 269.7625
265.2625 269.7625
264.0132 268.5132
S
32*
271.2625 275.7625
271.2625 275.7625
270.0135 274.5135
T
33*
277.2625 281.7625
277.2625 281.7625
276.0138 280.5138
U
34*
283.2625 287.7625
283.2625 287.7625
282.0141 286.5141
V
35*
289.2625 293.7625
289.2625 293.7625
288.0144 292.5144
W
36*
295.2625 299.7625
295.2625 299.7625
294.0147 298.5147
* Means aeronautical channels visual carrier frequency tolerance ± KHz
96
Broadband Specification Guide
Frequency Charts (CATV, Off-Air)
CATV Channels, North America
EIA
Chan.
Chan.
AA
37*
Standard
Video
Incremental
Video
Audio
301.2625 305.7625
Audio
301.2625 305.7625
Harmonic
Video
Audio
300.0150 304.5150
BB
38*
307.2625 311.7625
307.2625 311.7625
306.0153 310.5153
CC
39*
313.2625 317.7625
313.2625 317.7625
312.0156 316.5156
DD
40*
319.2625 323.7625
319.2625 323.7625
318.0159 322.5159
EE
41*
325.2625 329.7625
325.2625 329.7625
324.0162 328.5162
330.0165 334.5165
FF
42*
331.2750 335.7750
331.2750 335.7750
GG
43*
337.2625 341.7625
337.2625 341.7625
336.0168 340.5168
HH
44*
343.2625 347.7625
343.2625 347.7625
342.0168 346.5168
348.0168 352.5168
II
45*
349.2625 353.7625
349.2625 353.7625
JJ
46*
355.2625 359.7625
355.2625 359.7625
354.0168 358.5168
KK
47*
361.2625 365.7625
361.2625 365.7625
360.0168 364.5168
366.0168 370.5168
LL
48*
367.2625 371.7625
367.2625 371.7625
MM
49*
373.2625 377.7625
373.2625 377.7625
372.0168 376.5168
NN
50*
379.2625 383.7625
379.2625 383.7625
378.0168 382.5168
OO
51*
385.2625 389.7625
385.2625 389.7625
384.0168 388.5168
PP
52*
391.2625 395.7625
391.2625 395.7625
390.0168 394.5168
QQ
53*
397.2625 401.7625
397.2625 401.7625
396.0168 400.5168
RR
54
403.2500 407.7500
403.2625 407.7625
402.0201 406.5201
SS
55
409.2500 413.7500
409.2625 413.7625
408.0204 412.5204
TT
56
415.2500 419.7500
415.2625 419.7625
414.0207 418.5207
UU
57
421.2500 425.7500
421.2625 425.7625
420.0210 424.5210
VV
58
427.2500 431.7500
427.2625 431.7625
426.0213 430.5213
WW
59
433.2500 437.7500
433.2625 437.7625
432.0216 436.5216
XX
60
439.2500 443.7500
439.2625 443.7625
438.0219 442.5219
YY
61
445.2500 449.7500
445.2625 449.7625
444.0222 448.5222
ZZ
62
451.2500 455.7500
451.2625 455.7625
450.0225 454.5225
AAA
63
457.2500 461.7500
457.2625 461.7625
456.0228 460.5228
BBB
64
463.2500 467.7500
463.2625 467.7625
462.0231 466.5231
CCC
65
469.2500 473.7500
469.2625 473.7625
468.0234 472.5234
DDD
66
475.2500 479.7500
475.2625 479.7625
474.0237 478.5237
EEE
67
481.2500 485.7500
481.2625 485.7625
480.0240 484.5240
FFF
68
487.2500 491.7500
487.2625 491.7625
486.0243 490.5243
GGG
69
493.2500 497.7500
493.2625 497.7625
492.0246 496.5246
HHH
70
499.2500 503.7500
499.2625 503.7625
498.0249 502.5249
III
71
505.2500 509.7500
505.2625 509.7625
504.0252 508.5252
JJJ
72
511.2500 515.7500
511.2625 515.7625
510.0255 514.5255
KKK
73
517.2500 521.7500
517.2625 521.7625
516.0258 520.5258
522.0261 526.5261
LLL
74
523.2500 527.7500
523.2625 527.7625
MMM
75
529.2500 533.7500
529.2625 533.7625
528.0264 532.5264
NNN
76
535.2500 539.7500
535.2625 539.7625
534.0267 538.5267
OOO
77
541.2500 545.7500
541.2625 545.7625
540.0270 544.527C
PPP
78
547.2500 551.7500
547.2625 551.7625
546.0273 550.5273
-
79
553.2500 557.7500
553.2625 557.7625
552.0276 556.5276
-
80
559.2500 563.7500
559.2625 563.7625
558.0279 652.5279
-
81
565.2500 569.7500
565.2625 569.7625
564.0282 568.5282
-
82
571.2500 575.7500
571.2625 575.7625
570.0285 574.5285
-
83
577.2500 581.7500
577.2625 581.7625
576.0288 580.5288
-
84
583.2500 587.7500
583.2625 587.7625
582.0291 586.5291
-
85
589.2500 593.7500
589.2625 593.7625
588.0294 592.5294
* Means aeronautical channels visual carrier frequency tolerance ± KHz
97
Broadband Specification Guide
Frequency Charts (CATV, Off-Air)
CATV Channels, North America
EIA
Standard
Video
Incremental
Audio
Video
Audio
Harmonic
Video
Chan.
Chan.
-
86
592.2500 599.7500
595.2625 599.7625
594.0297 598.5297
-
87
601.2500 605.7500
601.2625 605.7625
600.0300 604.5300
-
88
607.2500 611.7500
607.2625 611.7625
606.0303 610.5303
-
89
613.2500 617.7500
613.2625 617.7625
612.0306 616.5306
-
90
619.2500 623.7500
619.2625 623.7625
618.0309 622.5309
-
91
625.2500 629.7500
625.2625 629.7625
624.0312 628.5312
Audio
-
92
631.2500 635.7500
631.2625 635.7625
630.0315 634.5315
-
93
637.2500 641.7500
637.2625 641.7625
636.0318 640.5318
-
94
643.2500 647.7500
643.2625 647.7625
642.0321 646.5321
-
100
649.2500 653.7500
649.2625 653.7625
648.0324 652.5324
-
101
655.2500 659.7500
655.2625 659.7625
654.0327 658.5327
-
102
661.2500 665.7500
661.2625 665.7625
660.0330 664.5330
-
103
667.2500 671.7500
667.2625 671.7625
666.0333 670.5333
-
104
673.2500 677.7500
673.2625 677.7625
672.0336 676.5336
-
105
679.2500 683.7500
679.2625 683.7625
678.0339 682.5339
-
106
685.2500 689.7500
685.2625 689.7625
684.0342 688.5342
-
107
691.2500 695.7500
691.2625 695.7625
690.0345 694.5345
-
108
697.2500 701.7500
697.2625 701.7625
696.0348 700.5348
-
109
703.2500 707.7500
703.2625 707.7625
702.0351 706.5351
-
110
709.2500 713.7500
709.2625 713.7625
708.0354 712.5354
-
111
715.2500 719.7500
715.2625 719.7625
714.0357 718.5357
-
112
721.2500 725.7500
721.2625 725.7625
720.0360 724.5360
726.0363 730.5363
-
113
727.2500 731.7500
727.2625 731.7625
-
114
733.2500 737.7500
733.2625 737.7625
732.0366 736.5366
-
115
739.2500 743.7500
739.2625 743.7625
738.0369 742.5369
-
116
745.2500 749.7500
745.2625 749.7625
744.0372 748.5372
-
117
751.2500 755.7500
751.2625 755.7625
750.0375 754.5375
-
118
757.2500 761.7500
757.2625 761.7625
756.0378 760.5378
-
119
763.2500 767.7500
763.2625 767.7625
762.0381 766.5381
-
120
769.2500 773.7500
769.2625 773.7625
768.0384 772.5384
-
121
775.2500 779.7500
775.2625 779.7625
774.0387 778.5387
-
122
781.2500 785.7500
781.2625 785.7625
780.0390 784.5390
-
123
787.2500 791.7500
787.2625 791.7625
786.0393 790.5393
-
124
793.2500 797.7500
793.2625 797.7625
792.0396 796.5396
-
125
799.2500 803.7500
799.2625 803.7625
798.0399 802.5399
-
126
805.2500 809.7500
805.2625 809.7625
804.0402 808.5402
-
127
811.2500 815.7500
811.2625 815.7625
810.0405 814.5405
-
128
817.2500 821.7500
817.2625 821.7625
816.0408 820.5408
-
129
823.2500 827.7500
823.2625 827.7625
822.0411 826.5411
-
130
829.2500 833.7500
829.2625 833.7625
828.0414 832.5414
-
131
835.2500 839.7500
835.2625 839.7625
834.0417 838.5417
-
132
841.2500 845.7500
841.2625 845.7625
840.0420 844.5420
-
133
847.2500 851.7500
847.2625 851.7625
846.0423 850.5423
-
134
853.2500 857.7500
853.2625 857.7625
852.0426 856.5426
-
135
859.2500 863.7500
859.2625 863.7625
858.0429 862.5429
-
136
865.2500 869.7500
865.2625 869.7625
864.0432 868.5432
-
137
871.2500 875.7500
871.2625 875.7625
870.0435 874.5435
-
138
877.2500 881.7500
877.2625 881.7625
876.0438 880.5438
-
139
883.2500 887.7500
883.2625 887.7625
882.0441 886.5441
* Means aeronautical channels visual carrier frequency tolerance ± KHz
98
Broadband Specification Guide
Frequency Charts (CATV, Off-Air)
CATV Channels, North America
EIA
Standard
Video
Incremental
Video
Audio
Audio
Harmonic
Video
Chan.
Chan.
-
140
889.2500 893.7500
889.2625 893.7625
888.0444 892.5444
-
141
895.2500 899.7500
895.2625 899.7625
894.0447 898.5447
-
142
901.2500 905.7500
901.2625 905.7625
900.0450 904.5450
-
143
907.2500 911.7500
907.2625 911.7625
906.0453 910.5453
-
144
913.2500 917.7500
913.2625 917.7625
912.0456 916.5456
-
145
919.2500 923.7500
919.2625 923.7625
918.0459 922.5459
-
146
925.2500 929.7500
925.2625 929.7625
924.0462 928.5462
-
147
931.2500 935.7500
931.2625 935.7625
930.0465 934.5465
-
148
937.2500 941.7500
937.2625 941.7625
936.0468 940.5468
-
149
943.2500 947.7500
943.2625 947.7625
942.0471 946.547
-
150
949.2500 953.7500
949.2625 953.7625
948.0474 952.5474
Audio
-
151
955.2500 959.7500
955.2625 959.7625
954.0477 958.5477
-
152
961.2500 965.7500
961.2625 965.7625
960.0480 964.5480
-
153
967.2500 971.7500
967.2625 971.7625
966.0483 970.5483
-
154
973.2500 977.7500
973.2625 977.7625
972.0486 976.5486
-
155
979.2500 983.7500
979.2625 983.7625
978.0489 982.5489
-
156
985.2500 989.7500
985.2625 989.7625
984.0492 988.5492
-
157
991.2500 995.7500
991.2625 995.7625
990.0495 994.5495
-
158
997.2500 1001.7500
997.2625 1001.7625
996.0498 1000.5498
* Means aeronautical channels visual carrier frequency tolerance ± KHz
99
Broadband Specification Guide
CATV, QAM Channel Center Frequency (54 MHz - 860 MHz)
EIA
Chan.
2
3
4
5
6
95
96
97
98
99
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
MHz
Center
Freq.
57
63
69
79
85
93
99
105
111
119
123
129
135
141
147
153
159
165
171
177
183
189
195
201
207
213
219
225
231
237
243
249
255
261
267
273
279
285
291
297
303
309
315
321
327
MHz
Center
Freq.
EIA
Chan.
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
333
339
345
351
357
363
369
375
381
387
393
399
405
411
417
423
429
435
441
447
453
459
465
471
477
483
489
495
501
507
513
519
525
531
537
543
549
555
561
567
573
579
585
591
597
100
EIA
Chan.
MHz
Center
Freq.
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
603
609
615
621
627
633
639
645
651
657
663
669
675
681
687
693
699
705
711
717
723
729
735
741
747
753
759
765
771
777
783
789
795
801
807
813
819
825
831
837
843
849
855
861
Broadband Specification Guide
Frequency Charts (CATV, Off-Air)
Off-Air Channels, North America (CCIR Standard M; NTSC)
CHAN
BW (MHZ)
VIDEO
CHROMA
AUDIO
Lo VHF
2
3
4
5
6
54-60
60-66
66-72
76-82
82-88
55.25
61.25
67.25
77.25
83.25
58.83
64.83
70.83
80.83
86.83
59.75
65.75
71.75
81.75
87.75
Hi VHF
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
174-180
180-186
186-192
192-198
198-204
204-210
210-216
175.25
181.25
187.25
193.25
199.25
205.25
211.25
178.83
184.83
190.83
196.83
202.83
208.83
214.83
179.75
185.75
191.75
197.75
203.75
209.75
215.75
470-476
476-482
482-488
488-494
494-500
500-506
506-512
512-518
518-524
524-530
530-536
536-542
542-548
548-554
554-560
560-566
566-572
572-578
578-584
584-590
590-596
596-602
602-608
608-614
614-620
471.25
477.25
483.25
489.25
495.25
501.25
507.25
513.25
519.25
525.25
531.25
537.25
543.25
549.25
555.25
561.25
567.25
573.25
579.25
585.25
591.25
597.25
603.25
609.25
615.25
474.83
480.83
486.83
492.83
498.83
504.83
510.83
516.83
522.83
528.83
534.83
540.83
546.83
552.83
558.83
564.83
570.83
576.83
582.83
588.83
594.83
600.83
606.83
612.83
618.83
475.75
481.75
487.75
493.75
499.75
505.75
511.75
517.75
523.75
529.75
535.75
541.75
547.75
553.75
559.75
565.75
571.75
577.75
583.75
589.75
595.75
601.75
607.75
613 75
619.75
UHF
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
101
Broadband Specification Guide
Frequency Charts (CATV, Off-Air)
Off-Air Channels, North America (CCIR Standard M; NTSC)
CHAN
UHF
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
BW (MHZ)
VIDEO
CHROMA
AUDIO
620-626
626-632
632-638
638-644
644-650
650-656
656-662
662-668
668-674
674-680
680-686
686-692
692-698
698-704
704-710
710-716
716-722
722-728
728-734
734-740
740-746
746-752
752-758
758-764
764-770
770-776
776-782
782-788
788-794
794-800
800-806
621.25
627.25
633.25
639.25
645.25
651.25
657.25
663.25
669.25
675.25
681.25
687.25
693.25
699.25
705.25
711.25
717.25
723.25
729.25
735.25
741.25
747.25
753.25
759.25
765.25
771.25
777.25
783.25
789.25
795.25
801.25
624.83
630.83
636.83
642.83
648.83
654.83
660.83
666.83
672.83
678.83
684.83
690.83
696.83
702.83
708.83
714.83
720.83
726.83
732.83
738.83
744.83
750.83
756.83
762.83
768.83
774.83
780.83
786.83
792.83
798.83
804.83
625.75
631.75
637.75
643.75
649.75
655.75
661.75
667.75
673.75
679.75
685.75
691.75
697.75
703.75
709.75
715.75
721.75
727.75
733.75
739.75
745.75
751.75
757.75
763.75
769.75
775.75
781.75
787.75
793.75
799.75
805.75
102
Broadband Specification Guide
Additional Reading and Web Listings
Additional Reading
For more information, check these publications:
Cable Television
By: William Grant (text book)
Society of Cable Television Engineers, Inc.
140 Philips Road
Exton, PA 19341-1318
Phone: 610-363-6888
Fax: 610-363-5898
Wireless Cable and SMATV
By: Steve Berkhoff and Frank Baylin
Baylin Publications (paperback)
1905 Mariposa
Boulder, CO 80302
Phone: 303-449-4551
Fax: 303-939-8720 Website Listings
Web Listings
www.blondertongue.com
www.antennaweb.org
www.fcc.gov
http://silmaril.ie/cgi-bin/uncgi/acronyms
www.lyngsat.com
www.satsig.net
www.satellite-calculations.com
www.geo-orbit.org
www.satnews.com
www.its.bldrdoc.gov/fs-1037
www.scte.org
www.dtv.org
Reference, Products
Ben Sexton - Off-Air Products
Federal Communications Commission - CATV Rules
Acronym Search
Satellite Information
Satellite Signals Information - Internet Service
Online Satellite Calculations
Satellite Lookup
Glossary
Rules for Telecommunications
Society of Cable Television Engineers
FCC Digital Transition Website
CD ROM Information
In order to provide easy access to all of the information in this guide, we have included a CD Rom that is located inside the back cover which contains
the following documents:
Complete Broadband Specification Guide
• .PDF
Functional Block Diagrams
• .DWG
• .DXF
• .EPS
• .PDF
Reference - .PDF
• Complete Appendix
• Functionality and In Depth Descriptions
• Broadband Reference Guide
• Blonder Tongue Catalog
Specification Library
• .PDF
103
One Jake Brown Road
Old Bridge, NJ 08857-1000 USA
(800) 523-6049 • FAX: (732) 679-4353
www.blondertongue.com
