Polyketone
very versatile!
Agenda
I. What is Polyketone?
II. Characteristics
III. Applications
IV. Present & Future
V. Summary
3
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
I. What is Polyketone?
Chemical Structure – aliphatic Polyketonee
The following monomers are the basic components for Polyketone:
o Ethylene
o Propylene
o Carbon monoxide
(chemical formula terpolymer Polyketonee)
4
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
I. What is Polyketone?
History
Hyosung 50kt/yr production plant running since Q2 2015
5
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
I. What is Polyketone?
Polyketonee’s broad range of performance properties make it
“natural” engineering thermoplastic
Mechanical properties are similar to PA 12; the melting point is 40 °C higher (220 °C)
Permanent use temperature up to 120 °C
High resilience and minor creep
Good chemical resistance and superior barrier performance
Good flow behavior  Short cycle times
Low moisture absorption 0,4 % at 23 °C 50 % rel. humidity
Quite high elongation at break
Excellent tribological properties
6
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
I. What is Polyketone?
Polyketone can easily be reinforced with flame retardarant qualities
excellent weld ability: laser welding, vibration welding etc.
gamma sterilization possible
outstanding reproducibility of dimension and tolerances
Attention during processing (POM; PA; retention time)!
7
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
Agenda
I. What is Polyketone?
II. Characteristics
III. Applications
IV. Present & Future
V. Summary
8
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
New Green Polymeric Material based on CO
o New green polymeric material made of the monomer CO, one major air-pollution
source
o AT full plant capacity (50,000 mt/yr) 25,000 mt of harmful CO are atng converted.
In order to purify a similar amount of CO, ~3.8 mln pine trees would be required!
(30yr. Pine tree purify 6.6 Kg/yr CO2)
9
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
High Impact Strength
o More than 230% higher impact strength compared to PA, PBT
(dry, at room temperature)
o No deterioration due to good hydrolysis resistance.
10
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Tensile Properties (unreinforced)
90
PA 6.6 dry
80
Yield Stress [MPa]
70
PA 6.12
Polyketone,PK-HM
average Viscosity
POM
60
PA6.6 cond.
PBT
50
RM-D
PA 12
40
30
20
10
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Elongation at yield [%]
11
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Stress strain diagram for different temperatures (reinforced)
140
30% GF reinforced Polyketone,
average Viscosity, 23°C
120
PA 6, 30% GF reinforced, 23°C kond.
Stress [MPa]
100
30% GF reinforced Polyketone,
average viscosity, 80°C
30% GF reinforced Polyketone,
average viscosity, 120°C
80
PA 6, 30% GF reinforced, 80°C kond.
PA 6, 30% GF reinforced, 120°C kond.
60
30% GF reinforced Polyketone,
average viscosity, 150°C
40
20
0
0
12
1
2 Strain [%] 3
4
5
6
7
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Creep Curve
7000
creep strain [MPa]
6000
5000
4000
3000
A3
GF 30
1 schwarz
bei 120°C
PA 6.6,
30%
GF reinforced,
black at 120°C
C3
GF
30
1
schwarz
(4363)
bei 120°C
PA 6.6.6, 30% GF reinforced, black
at 120°C
B3
GF30%
30 1GFschwarz
bei black
120°Cat 120°C
PA 6,
reinforced,
PK-HM
GF 30
natur
(4709) beiat120°C
Polyketone,
30%
GF reinforced
120°C
Polyketone,
30%
GF reinforced
80°C
PK-HM
GF 30
natur
(4709) beiat80°C
2000
1000
0
Creeplast:
0,00
13
20 MPa
0,01
0,10
1,00
log10 time [h]
10,00
100,00
1.000,00
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
creep strain
0,45
0,40
CreepStrain [mm]
0,35
0,30
0,25
0,20
PA 6.6,
30%
GF reinforced,
black at 120°C
A3
GF 30
1 schwarz
bei 120°C
PA 6.6.6,
GF reinforced,
at 120°C
C3
GF 3030%
1 schwarz
(4363) black
bei 120°C
PA 6,
reinforced,
B3
GF30%
30 1GFschwarz
bei black
120°Cat 120°C
Polyketone,
30%
GF reinforced
120°C
PK-HM
GF 30
natur
(4709) beiat120°C
Polyketone,
30%
GF reinforced
80°C
PK-HM
GF 30
natur
(4709) beiat80°C
0,15
0,10
0,05
Creeplast:
0,00
1,00E-06
14
1,00E-05
1,00E-04
1,00E-03
1,00E-02
1,00E-01
log10 time [h]
1,00E+00
1,00E+01
20 MPa
1,00E+02
1,00E+03
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Creep Characteristics PA6.6 - PK
300
200
creep strain [kpsi]
PK @ 21 °C
PK @ 60 ° C
100
PA6.6 @ 21 ° C
50
PA6.6 @ 60 ° C
30
1
15
3
10
30
100
time [h]
300
1,000
3,000
10,000
Source: Shell
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Excellent Chemical Resistance
o POK’s chemical resistance is the top level among the plastics.
o No drops in properties due to the resistance to acidic/basic solutions.
Chemical resistance (80 °C Exposure for 25 Days)
70
60
50
40
PK
30
PA6.6
20
10
0
Control
Referenz
(0 Tage)
16
Water
Wasser
1 % NaOH
1 % HCl
5 % CaCl₂
50 % ZnCl₂
Ethylenglycol
Source: Shell
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Excellent Chemical Resistance
17
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Excellent Chemical Resistance
o Zinkchlorid at 200 hrs. according to SAE 2044
Polyketone (50% glass fibrereinforced, average Viscosity)
Polyketone (30% glass fibrereinforced, average Viscosity)
for comparison: PA6.6
PA66 (30% glass fibre-reinforced)
nach 2 hrs. storage
18
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Excellent Chemical Resistance
o Calciumchlorid (CaCl₂) according to DBL 5416 Test
average Viscosity, black
Polyketone
50% glass fibre-reinforced, average
Viscosity, black
for comparison: PA6
30% glass fibre-reinforced, black
19
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Excellent Chemical Resistance
o Battery Acid(38 % H₂SO₄)
After30 hrs.
After48 hrs.
PA 6.6 (30% glass fibre reinforced)
20
After 35 Days
Polyketone (50% glass fibre
reinforced, average Viscosity,
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Excellent Fuel Resistance
o Polyketone shows small change even after 3,000 hrs test
o 2 times superior to the PA12, current material for automotive fuel tube
Property (Flexural Modulus)
after treated in Diesel for 3.000 hrs
21
Property (Flexural Modulus)
after treated in Gasoline for 3.000 hrs (60°C)
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
High Heat Deflection Temperature (HDT)
o Polyketone’s HDT is 210℃, superior to other material, possible to use at high
temperature circumstance.
22
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Excellent Tribological Property
o Polyketone has 14 times higher anti-abrasion property than that of POM, currently the
most stiff material. It helps almost permanent use without change.
POK base resin
POK base resin
POK base resin
. with 1% Additiv
23
> POM
> POM with 1% Additiv e
> POM with 3% Additive
→ 14 times higher.
→ 1,7 times higher.
→ 10-times higher
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Excellent Tribological Property
Polyketone and POM is the best known combination in terms of low
wear!! In 20 hrs no wear was measurable!
PK
POM
PA
PK
POM
PA
+++
+
+++
--+
+
+
--
Experimental setup: relative wear factor pin on disc (speed 0,25 m/s, pressure 5 MPa)
24
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Excellent Tribological Property
Universal tribometer Pin-Disc
Pin-Disc at RT
Load: 2,5 Mpa
Hub: 1,8 mm
Disc: 100Cr6
Sliding speed: 46 Hz
Ra=0,42
[Source: KuK Fachhochschule Lübeck]
25
Dynamic
Coeeficient
[-]
Specific Wear Rate
k * 10-6 [mm³/Nm]
Polyketone,
average Viscosity
0,52
34
Polyketone,
low Viscosity
0,33
0,8
Polyketone,
average Viscosity,
30% glass fibre
reinforced
0,50
14,5
0,44
3,9
0,44
60
Polyketone,
average Viscosity,
30% glass fibre
reinforced
POM Copolymer
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
High Oxygen Barrier Property
o Same level of EVOH, top class of food packaging material due to the gas barrier
property
26
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
High Hydrocarbon Barrier Property
o Polyketone has excellent barrier property to the hydrocarbon, with good chemical
resistance
Permeation Coefficient at 23°C, 50% RH (g.mm/m²,
day)
Gasoline
Ottokraftstoff
Gasoline
Ottokraftstoff
C + 15% MeOH
35
35
HDPE
PA12
EVOH
POK
27
0,067
12,2
0,002
2,5
0,005
2
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
High Hydrocarbon Barrier Property
Permeability to unleaded Gasoline at 93℃
[g] g
Gewichtsverlust
Weight
Change,
0
Polyketone
-1
TEFLON
-2
-3
-4
NYLON 12
-5
measured by
GM Spec 9061.P
-6
0
2
4
6
8
Auslagerungstimedays
[Tage]
Exposure,
28
10
12
14
Source: Shell
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
General Barrier Characteristics
Polymer
Oxygen
Steam
0,06
11
EVOH
0,01 – 0,09
1,4 – 3,8
PA 6
3,6
22
HDPE
150
0,4
MXD6
0,32
-
PK
oxygen permeability coefficient :
Water vapor permeability:
(cc mil/100in² day atm) at 0%RH / 23°C
(g mil/100in² day) at 90-0%RH / 38°C
[Source: Shell]
29
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Excellent flame retardant
Phosphor flame retardant (Metal
Phosphinat) Test results for UL-V0 Rate
Content %
30
POK
PA66
8
17
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Well Balanced Product Characteristics
o Generally Nylon has high tensile property but impact strength and elongation is low.
o Polyketone has a good impact strength and elongation with enough tensile property.
31
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
High Productivity
o Sealing Point for Polyketone is achieved faster resulting in shorter cycle times
Polyketone, average
PK-HM Viscosity
natur (4773)
44,5
99.5 %
44
Part weight [g)
PA6.6
A3 natur
43,5
99.5 %
43
42,5
42
41,5
41
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Holding pressure time [s]
32
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Flowability
PAGF
6, 50
50%
GF reinforced
B3
natur
(2475)
B3
natur
(2471)
PAGF
6, 30
30%
GF reinforced
0
300
600
Fließspirale [mm]
Melt temperature
Mould
temperature
Pressure
Cross Section
33
Polyketone, average Viscosity,
PK-VM
GFreinforced
50 natur (4905)
50% GF
Polyketone,
Viscosity,
PK-VM
GF 30 average
natur (4706)
30% GF reinforced
900
1200
B3PAnatur
6 (2500)
Polyketone,
low
PK-VM
natur (4774)
Viscosity
0
500
A3PAnatur
6.6 (2414)
Polyketone,
PK-HM
natur (4773)
average Viscosity
1000
Fließspirale [mm]
1500
Polyketone
245 °C
PA 6.6
320 °C
PA 6
270 °C
80 °C
750 bar
7 * 3,5 [mm²]
100 °C
750 bar
7 * 3,5 [mm²]
80 °C
750 bar
7 * 3,5 [mm²]
2000
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
IR-welding – Strength
IR-welding
Zugfestigkeit
IR Schweißen
Basic material
Grundmaterialfestigkeit
140
Processing principle
120
Infraredradiator
100
Stremgth
[MPa]
Festigkeit [MPa]
Part A
80
60
40
Part B
20
0
34
Polyketone,
6.6
Polyketone,
PK-HM
schwarz (4953)
PK-HM GF
30 schwarz (4952)
PA6PA
GF30
average
Viscosity,
30%
GF-reinforced
average Viscosity
30% GF-reinforced
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Laser Welding- Strenth
1600
Beam source: Diode laser
Pressure
Laser transparent
Plastic
1400
1200
[N]
Scherkraft[MPa]
Stremgth
Processing Principle
1000
800
600
400
Absorbing Plastic
200
0
PK-HM
natur (4773)
Polyketone,
+ PK-HMViscosity
schwarz
average
(4953)
35
PK-HM
GF 30 natur
B3 GF 30
Polyketone,
PA natur
6
(4709)
+
B3
GF
30
1
schwarz
average Viscosity,
30% GF-reinforced
+ PK-HM
GF 30
30%
GF-reinforced
schwarz (4952)
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Processing of Polyketone
Extrusion parameters
36
Feed section
𝝑𝑬
60 – 100 °C
Extruder Zones
𝝑𝒁
225 – 240 °C
Melt Temperature
𝝑𝑺
230 -245 °C
Dying
𝝑𝝉
60 – 80 °C (up to 4 hrs.)
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Water uptake 500 h 70 °C / 62 % rel. humidity
3,000
Moisture
absorption
[%] [%]
Feuchtezunahme
PA 6.6, black
A3 GF 30 1 schwarz
30% GF-reinforced
Polyketone, average Visc.,
PK-HM GF 30 natur (4709)
30% GF-reinforced
Polyketone, average Visc.,
PK-HM GF 50 natur (4741)
50% GF-reinforced
PA 6.6, black
A3 GF 50 1 schwarz
50% GF-reinforced
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
0,500
0,000
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Auslagerungstime [hrs.]
Time [h]
37
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Summary:
Polyketones is a new green polymer material based on carbon
monoxide. It features :
•
•
•
•
•
excellent impact resistance
excellent chemical resistance
very good tribological Characteristics
high gas barrier Characteristics
excellent flame retardant
and can be applied as an engineering plastic in a broad spectrum due
to its unique characteristics.
38
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Summary:
o Comparison of PA* and Polyketone
Mech. Characteristics
39
Test Specifications
Test Method
Unit
Polyketone,
Polyketone,
low Viscosity
average Viscosity
PA 12
PA 6.6
dry
kond.
dry
kond.
dry
kond.
dry
kond.
Tensile Modulus
1 mm/min
ISO 527-1/2
MPa
3100
1100
1500
1500
1450
1400
1400
1100
Tensile stress at yield
5 mm/min
ISO 527-1/2
MPa
85
50
60
60
60
60
45
40
Elongation at yield
5 mm/min
ISO 527-1/2
%
4,5
20
29
-
32
32
5
12
Elongation at break
5 mm/min
ISO 527-1/2
MPa
>25
>50
>200
>200
>300
>300
>50
>50
Charpy Impact Strength
23 ℃
ISO 179-1/1eU
kJ/m²
o.b.
o.b.
o.b.
o.b.
o.b.
o.b.
o.b.
o.b.
Charpy
notched Impact Strength
23 ℃
ISO 179-1/1eA
kJ/m²
3
13
10
10
17
17
6
7
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
II. Characteristics
Summary:
o Comparison of 50%-glass fibre reinforced Polyketone and PA 12, PA 612 & PBT*
Polyketone
Mech.
Characteristics
PA 6,
PA 12,
PA 6.12,
average
50% glass fibre- 50% glass fibre- 50% glass fibreViscosity,
reinforced
reinforced
reinforced
50% glass fibrereinforced
dry
kond.
dry
kond.
dry
kond.
dry
kond.
Test Specifications
Test Method
Unit
Tensile Modulus
1 mm/min
ISO 527-1/2
MPa
Tensile stress at
break
5 mm/min
ISO 527-1/2
MPa
140
130
230
145
155
135
5 mm/min
ISO 527-1/2
MPa
2
2
2,5
4,5
5
23 ℃
ISO 179-1/1eU
kJ/m²
65
50
100
110
23 ℃
ISO 179-1/1eA
kJ/m²
20
20
20
26
1,8 MPa
ISO 75-2
°C
Properties
Elongation at break
Charpy
Impact Strength
Charpy
notched Impact
Strength
HDT-A
40
12500 11500 17000 10300 12000 11500 16500
220
220
PBT
50% glass fibrereinforced
12000
16000
200
145
160
6
2,0
2,5
2,5
90
80
70
72
50
19
20
13
16
10
165
205
210
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
Agenda
I. What is Polyketone?
II. Characteristics
III. Applications
IV. Present & Future
V. Summary
41
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
III. Applications
Overview:
Electro/
Electronic
Automotive
Industrial
• Gear-wheels
• Valves
• Connectors
• Fuel tank
• Fuse holders
• Switches
• Sockets
• Fuel line
• Fuel filter
• Connectors
• Injection rails
• Inlet manifolds
• Wheel covers
42
• Gear-wheels
• Clips
• Bearings
• Conveyor systems
• Hoses
• Liners
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
III. Applications
Realised Applications
Gear by Öchsler AG, Ansbach
43
Flatfilm by LITE GmbH (200 µm)
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
III. Applications
Realised Applications
Raw Stock SUSTAKON by Röchling Sustaplast KG
44
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
III. Applications
Realised Applications
Water Pipe produced by IKV Aachen
45
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
Agenda
I. What is Polyketone?
II. Characteristics
III. Applications
IV. Present & Future
V. Summary
46
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
IV. Present & Future
2004
• Start Lab. Scale Development
• Bench scale Polymerization Equipment setup (10 MT/Yr, R&D Lab)
2006
2008
2011
• Start ENPLA materials development
• Start Fiber Development
1,000 MT/yr Plant
(Ulsan, Korea)
• 1st Polymerization Plant start
2012 • ( 1,000 MT/Y, Ulsan, Korea)
2013
• Finish engineering for 50,000 MT/Yr Plant
• B2nd Polymerization Plant start (50,000
MT/Y, Ulsan, Korea)
2015
47
50,000 MT/yr Plant
(Ulsan, Korea)
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
IV. Present & Future
Packaging of the product
25kg bagged cargo
48
1 FCL : 14MT on palett[ 875 kg (25
kg x 35 bags) / palett
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
IV. Present & Future
base resin grades:
High Flow M230A
Medium Flow M330A
High Impact M630A
Method
Unit
M230A
M330A
M630A
ASTM D792
g/cm³
1,24
1,24
1,24
ASTM D570
%
0,45
0,5
0,5
Melting Temperature
ASTM D1525
°C
220
220
200
Melt Flow Rate (240°C, 2.16kg)
ASTM D1238
g/10min
150
60
6
Deflection Temperature :
HDT 0.45 Mpa (4.6 kg/cm²)
ASTM D648
°C
205
210
210
Mechanical
Tensile Strength
Normal Strain at Break
ASTM D638
ASTM D638
kg/cm²
%
700
>25
700
>250
700
>300
Flexural Strength
Flexural Modulus
ASTM D790
ASTM D790
kg/cm²
kg/cm²
700
18.000
700
18.000
700
18.000
Charpy Notched Impact Strength
ASTM D256
kg - cm/cm
5
12
18
ASTM D257
ASTM D149
Ωcm
KV/mm
20
17
17
Item
Physical
Density
Water Content (23°C, 60% RH, Eq.)
Thermal
Electrical
Volume Resistivity
Di-electric Strength
49
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
Agenda
I. What is Polyketone?
II. Characteristics
III. Applications
IV. Present & Future
V. Summary
50
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
V. Summary
Polyketones are true engineering polymers with a broad and very attractive range of
performance properties
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Excellent impact performance over a broad temperature range
Outstanding chemical resistance and barrier performance
Excellent fuel resistance
High heat distortion temperature
Good friction and wear characteristic
Superior resilience and snapability
Excellent hydrolytic stability
Short molding cycles
extremely small tolerances possible (high crystalisation speed)
Total market potential is broad and large to very large
50KT/Y new commercial plant came on stream in 2015, 2Q by Hyosung’s proprietary
catalyst and production technology.
51
K.D. Feddersen Ueberseegesellschaft mbH
Ein Unternehmen der Feddersen-Gruppe
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