Introduction
Active Resistance Emulation in Three-Phase
Rectifier with Suboptimal Current Injection
Milan Darijević1 , Predrag Pejović1 , Yasuyuki Nishida2 , and
Johann Walter Kolar3
I
three-phase current injection based rectifier
I
suboptimal current injection
I
resistance emulator to improve efficiency
I
to use the dc-side filter or not?
Predrag Pejović, Predrag Božović, Doron Shmilovitz, “Low Harmonic, Three-Phase
Rectifier that Applies Current Injection and a Passive Resistance Emulator,” IEEE
Power Electronics Letters, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 96–100, September 2005
1 University
of Belgrade, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Serbia
darijevic@gmail.com, peja@etf.rs
2 Chiba Insitute of Technology, Japan
nishida_yas@nifty.com
3 Swiss Federal Insitute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland
kolar@lem.ee.ethz.ch
Introduction, the rectifier
vA
iY /2
iER
C
D3
D5
+
i1
v2
i2
v3
i3
vAV
CPA
IOUT
1
D2
D4
iX
models needed to optimize RE
I
optimization
I
experiments
D6
iX
I
three-phase current injection based rectifier
I
suboptimal current injection
I
vOUT
resistance emulator to improve efficiency
I
to use the dc-side filter or not?
−
p(t)
iX
the optimum somewhere close to the CCM-DCM boundary
I
LF
1
v1
optimization of RE to achieve minimal THD
I
Introduction, now makes sense
iA
D1
I
RE
Predrag Pejović, Predrag Božović, Doron Shmilovitz, “Low Harmonic, Three-Phase
CF
Rectifier that Applies Current Injection and a Passive Resistance Emulator,” IEEE
C
iY /2
iB
1
1
CPB
Power Electronics Letters, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 96–100, September 2005
vB
1
iY
1
1
1
I
optimization of RE to achieve minimal THD
I
the optimum somewhere close to the CCM-DCM boundary
I
models needed to optimize RE
I
optimization
I
experiments
vN
Models
I
I
I
I
Model of the rectifier with the filter
DA
goal: determine ik , k ∈ {1, 2, 3}
vA0
equivalent circuit methods
+
−
iY
Electric Power Applications, vol. 152, no. 2, pp. 199-208
vB0
1. vA0 = max (v1 , v2 , v3 )
2. vB0 = min (v1 , v2 , v3 )
vAV
−
1
+
IOUT − IER
diodes DA and DB to model the DCM
out of four possible diode state combinations, three are of
interest
Model of the rectifier without the filter
iA
iIA
vN = 0
iY
vB
IER = vAV iY / (vA − vB ) , averaging present
+
VC
1
−
+
vAV
−
1
+
vT
−
+
+
−
C
VC
−
iIB
iB
iB
Solving the models
I
vT
R
DB
vA
C
+
−
VC
−
iIB
I
DA
−
+
+
−
C
I
DB
−
+
vT
let’s define:
vB0
VC
1
vT
R
vN = 0
Diode Bridge Rectifier Operating in Discontinuous Conduction Mode,” IEE Proceedings
vA0
+
iIA
C
include the DCM!!!
Predrag Božović, Predrag Pejović, “Current Injection Based Low Harmonic Three Phase
I
vA
iA
simplify the circuit as much as reasonably possible
vB
iER = vAV iY / (vA − vB ) , no averaging
iER
IOUT
determine iA and iB from the equivalent circuits
I
determine i1 , i2 , and i3 from iA and iB
I
convenient to normalize, v’s over Vm , i’s over IOU T
I
the rest is mathematics . . .
I
iterate over RE to optimize
I
normalization, not exactly RE , but G , Vm /(IOU T RE )
Optimization
Optimization results
35
filter,
filter,
no filter,
no filter,
30
CCM
DCM
CCM
DCM
I
with filter:
1.
2.
3.
4.
[%]
20
T HD
25
15
I
without filter:
1.
2.
3.
4.
10
I
5
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
GOP T = Vm /(IOU T RE OP T ) = 6.62
optimum in CCM
T HDmin = 4.01%
on RE there is 8.66% of PIN
GOP T = Vm /(IOU T RE OP T ) = 6.50
optimum in DCM
T HDmin = 4.22%
on RE there is 8.40% of PIN
there is no need to use the filter!
8
G
Experiments
Resistance emulator
I
goal: to verify models and the analysis
I
up to 2 kW experimental setup
I
input voltages 100 V rms
I
output voltage about 230 V
I
output current 5 A
D
LB
LEMI
DER1
iER
DER3
CPA
CB
CEMI
S
DER2
DER4
CPB
CONTROL
n
1
iY
+
Experimental results, with the filter
35
vAV
−
Experimental results, without the filter
35
theoretical
experimental
20
[%]
25
20
15
T HD
25
[%]
30
T HD
30
15
10
10
5
5
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
G
filter
filter
no filter
no filter
30
[%]
T HD
25
10
5
0
0
1
2
3
1
2
3
4
Experiment, no filter, i1 and v1
35
15
0
G
Experimental results, joined
20
0
theoretical
experimental
4
G
5
6
7
8
5
6
7
8
Experiment, with filter, i1 and v1
Experiment, no filter, iY and vAV
Experiment, with filter, iY and vAV
Experiment, phase currents shapes
no filter
Conclusions
I
three-phase rectifier with suboptimal current injection
I
resistance emulator, output filter needed or not?
I
models developed, DCM included
I
optimization over RE to minimize T HD performed
optimization results:
I
1. with filter T HDmin = 4.01%, in CCM, 8.66% of PIN
2. without filter T HDmin = 4.22%, in DCM, 8.40% of PIN
I
filter not needed!!!
I
experimental verification
I
excellent agreement with the model
with filter