European Network on New Sensing Technologies for Air Pollution
Control and Environmental Sustainability - EuNetAir
COST Action TD1105
IEEE SENSORS 2014 Conference
Special Session: Smart Cities Sensors
Valencia Conference Centre, Valencia, Spain, 2-5 November 2014
COST Action TD1105: New Sensing Technologies for
Environmental Sustainability in Smart Cities
Michele Penza, Chair of COST Action TD1105
ENEA - Italian National Agency for New Technologies,
Energy and Sustainable Economic Development /
Brindisi, ITALY
COST is supported
by the EU Framework Programme
ESF provides the COST Office
through a European Commission contract
OUTLINE
• PROBLEM STATEMENT:
 Urbanisation as Global Challenge
 Urban Air Pollution
• S&T CONTEXT:
 Sensor Technologies: Proofs-of-concept and
devices
 Applications: Indoor/Outdoor Environment and Safety
• COST Action TD1105 EuNetAir:
 Results versus Objectives: Significant Highlights
 Future Plans and Challenges: Expected Impact
• CONCLUSIONS
2
URBANISATION AS GLOBAL CHALLENGE:
URBAN EUROPE - Joint Programming Initiative
3
URBANISATION AS GLOBAL CHALLENGE:
URBAN EUROPE - Joint Programming Initiative
4
URBANISATION AS GLOBAL CHALLENGE:
URBAN EUROPE - Joint Programming Initiative
Green New Deal
IT Green-Economy Report
ENEA and Sustainable Development Foundation
URBAN EUROPE - Joint Programming Initiative
5
URBANISATION AS GLOBAL CHALLENGE:
URBAN EUROPE - Joint Programming Initiative
6
URBANISATION AS GLOBAL CHALLENGE:
URBAN EUROPE - Joint Programming Initiative
7
URBANISATION AS GLOBAL CHALLENGE:
ENERGY PRIORITIES OF EUROPE
J. M. Barroso, EC President to EU Council on 4 February 2011
8
EERA: European Energy Research Alliance
EERA HOT-TOPICS:
TOPICS
•Renewable Energy
•Energy Efficiency
•Smart Grids
•Low-Carbon Technologies
•Smart Cities
ENEA: EERA Secretariat
9
Scientific context: Environmental Sustainability (1/3)
Nitrogen Pollution and the European Environment
Implications for Air Quality Policy
EC In-Depth Report, September 2013
Excess reactive nitrogen represents a
major environmental threat that is only
now beginning to be fully appreciated. At
a global level, humans have more than
doubled the production and cycling of
reactive nitrogen, leading to a plethora of
impacts that interact across all global
spheres: atmosphere, biosphere,
hydrosphere and geosphere.
Sutton et al., 2009
Source: Sutton and Billen, 2010
Nitrogen Pollution:
NOx, N2O, NH3, NH4, NO2-, NO3-, etc.
10
Scientific context: Air Quality Control (2/3)
European Environment Agency, EEA Report 9/2013
Some Environmental Emergencies:
1930
1952
1954
1984
2005
2006
2008
2012
-
Meuse Valley (Belgium)
Great London Smog (UK)
Los Angeles (USA)
Bhopal (India)
Teheran (Iran)
Hong Kong (China)
Shanghai, Peking (China)
Taranto (Italy)
…………..
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
EU DIRECTIVE 2008/50/EC
and Daughters
Pollutant
Limit Level
NOx
100, 200 ppb
CO
8 ppm
SO2
130, 190 ppb
O3
120 g/m3
PM10
50 g/m3
BTEX
6 g/m3
PAH
(BaP)
1 ng/m3
PM2.5
25 g/m3
11
Scientific context: Indoor/Outdoor Energy Efficiency (3/3)
IAQ by WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
1
O. Seppanen,
11th Conference on Indoor Air Quality
2008, Copenaghen, Denmark
41% Primary Energy consumed in Buildings:
• 2/3 in Residential Buildings
• 1/3 in Commercial Buildings
Energy Performance of Buildings EU Directive
EPBD 2010/31/EC
12
SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES
PROOFS-OF-CONCEPT for AIR QUALITY CONTROL
by IREC
Spain
by VITO
Belgium
by IMEC
Netherlands
by ENEA
Italy
13
SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES: Proofs-of-Concept
SURFACE IONIZATION GAS SENSOR (SIGS) (1/3)
A. Modi et al., Nature 424 (July 2003) 171‐174
MWCNT SIGS
Electrode separation: 20 - 130 m
Breakdown Voltage: 350 - 1050 V
High Voltage Operation !
High Sensitivity and Selectivity !
14
SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES: Proofs-of-Concept
SURFACE IONIZATION GAS SENSOR (SIGS) (2/3)
F. Hernandez et al., Nanoscale 3 (2011) 630‐634
Individual SnO2 Nanowire SIGS
with a Vertical Counter Electrode
Courtesy from IREC
Tested Gases: 1% Ethene; 100 ppm NO2, 1000 ppm CO
Electrode separation: ~ 1 m
Breakdown Voltage: 0.5 - 5 V
Sensor Operating Temperature: 200 - 400°C
Low Voltage Operation !
15
High Sensitivity and Enhanced Selectivity
SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES: Proofs-of-Concept
SURFACE IONIZATION GAS SENSOR (SIGS) (3/3)
A. Ponzoni et al., IMCS‐2012 Proceedings (2012) 391‐394
Bundle CuO Nanorods SIGS
with a Planar Counter Electrode
Courtesy from
University of Brescia
Test Gases: 100-1600 ppm Acetone; 100-800 ppm EtOH
Electrode separation: ~ 10 m
Breakdown Voltage: 10 - 50 V (~ 150 kV/m)
Sensor Operating Temperature: 200 - 400°C
Low Voltage Operation compared to other Planar SIGS
16
High Sensitivity and Enhanced Selectivity
SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES: Proofs-of-Concept
GaN/AlGaN NOx ppb GAS SENSOR
R. Van Schaijk et al., COST Brindisi Workshop, 25‐26 March 2014 Comparison NO2 Sensor with
NOx Chemiluminescence Analyzer
Courtesy from IMEC
Slope based detection allows FAST response:
20 sec. for 25 ppb NO2
17
SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES: Proofs-of-Concept
EveryAware GAS SENSOR BOX
J. Theunis et al., COST Barcelona Workshop, 20 June 2013 Courtesy from VITO
CO_B4-Alphasense
CO_Mics_SGX
CO_TGS2600_Figaro
NO2_Mics_SGX
NO2_TGS2106_Figaro
O3_Mics_SGX
3 month campaign
VOC_Figaro
7 sensors (6 MOX+ 1 EC) to detect
traffic pollution (e.g., CO, NO2, VOC)
Ozone, T and RH
18
SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES: Proofs-of-Concept
NASUS GAS SENSOR BOX
M. Penza et al., COST Brindisi Workshop, 25‐26 March 2014 Courtesy from ENEA
Real Measurements in collaboration with
JRC-IES, Ispra, Italy
COCX_A3_Alphasense
NO2A1_A3_Alphasense
SO2AF_A3_Alphasense
H2SA1_A3_Alphasense
4 sensors (Electrochemical) to detect
air-pollutants (e.g., CO, NO2, SO2)
H2S, T and RH
Air Quality Index (AQI) by NO2 Sensor
And NOx Chemiluminescence Analyzer
19
SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES
MARKET-ORIENTED OR COMMERCIAL DEVICES
• Sensor-Systems for Air-Pollution Control in Smart Cities
• Gas Sensors for Indoor Energy Efficiency
• Sensors for Odour Monitoring
• Sensors for CO2 Monitoring
• Sensors for Automotive Air Quality Measurements
• Particulate Counters/Sensors
20
Sensor Technologies: Sensors for Smart Cities (1/2)
V. Bright et al., COST Brindisi Workshop, 25‐26 March 2014 SNAQ sensor node
Courtesy from University of Cambridge and Alphasense Ltd
Prof. Rod Jones and Dr. John Saffell
• Sensor Instrumentation
Chemical species:
• (a) Gas phase species: CO, NO, O3, SO2,
NO2 – (electrochemical sensors (EC) at 2 s) (c)
• (b) CO2 & total VOCs (optical at 10 s).
• (c) Size-speciated particulates
0.38 to 17.4 µm, optical (OPC) at 20 s
(b)
(a)
~49 x 22 x 16 cm. ~2.8 kg
21
Sensor Technologies: Sensors for Smart Cities (2/2)
V. Bright et al., COST Brindisi Workshop, 25‐26 March 2014 SNAQ sensor node
Courtesy from University of Cambridge and Alphasense Ltd
Prof. Rod Jones and Dr. John Saffell
• Sensor Instrumentation
Meteorology:
• (d) Wind speed and direction –
Sonic anemometer.
• (e) Temperature and RH (probe).
(d)
(f)
(e)
Other:
• (f) GPS and GPRS (position and
near-real time data transmission).
~49 x 22 x 16 cm. ~2.8 kg
22
Sensor Technologies: Gas Sensors for Energy Efficiency
T. Conrad et al., COST Copenhagen Workshop, 3‐4 October 2014 VOCs Sensor-System for IAQ Monitoring
Naphtalene
Formaldehyde
Benzene
Courtesy from 3S GmbH
•
IAQ Modular system based on two commercial MOX gas sensors
•
CO2-sensor and RH-sensor also incorporated
•
SD-card for raw data collection in field tests
•
Bus interface for ready results communication and power supply
•
Application specific sensor systems
23
Sensor Technologies: Sensors for Odour Monitoring
A.C. Romain et al., COST Copenhagen Workshop, 3‐4 October 2014 Odour Monitoring Information System (ODOMIS)
WEB-based PLATFORM:
the heart of the Information
and Monitoring System
CHALLENGE:
integration of citizens as
“community-based”
observation providers
Odour Sniffing-System
based on Commercial Gas Sensors
Courtesy from
24 Project
OMNISCIENTIS FP7
Sensor Technologies: Sensors for CO2 Detection
I. Bryntse et al., COST Copenhagen Workshop, 3‐4 October 2014 NDIR CO2 Platform for IAQ Monitoring
CO2 impact on health
Courtesy from SenseAir AB
The main CO2 sensor applications:
1.Alarm
2.Process control
3.Ventilation
25
Sensor Technologies: Automotive Air Quality Sensors
N. Moser et al., COST Barcelona Workshop, 21 June 2013 Courtesy from SGX-Sensortech Ltd
Odorous Events
Diesel Exhaust
Gasoline Exhaust
Sensing Layer
Heating Resistor
Diaphragm
Silicon Base
HydroCarbons
Carbon Monoxide
Ammonia
Nitrogen Dioxide
Particulate Matter
26
Sensor Technologies: Particulate Counter/Sensor (1/2)
M. Penza et al., COST Brindisi Workshop, 25‐26 March 2014 PPD20V
Low-Cost Optical Particle Sensor
by Shinyei Ltd, Japan
Detectable Particle Size: 1 - 5 m
C(t) = A0 + S x V(t)
C(t) = PM Concentration [g/m3]
A0 = Bias Constant (3.2795 g/m3)
S = Sensor Sensitivity (46.85 (g/m3)/V)
V(t) = Sensor Output Voltage [V]
27
Sensor Technologies: Particulate Counter/Sensor (2/2)
M. Penza et al., COST Brindisi Workshop, 25‐26 March 2014 E(t) = Error
CN(t): PM sensor concentration
CA(t): PM10 analyzer concentration
E(t) = |CN(t)-CA(t)|
Mean E(t) = 8.98 g/m3
Max E(t) = 41.76 g/m3
Very Good
Accuracy !
Real Measurements in collaboration with
JRC-IES, Ispra, Italy
PM10 Threshold:
50 g/m3
Courtesy
from ENEA
Optical Particle Sensor
PPD20V
by Shinyei Ltd, Japan
Measurement Timing:
29 Jan 2014 - 19 Feb 2014
28
SENSOR APPLICATIONS
INDOOR AND OUTDOOR SCENARIO
• Regulation and Requirements for Air-Pollution Control:
 EU Air Quality Directive 2008/50/EC
• Roadmap for Next Generation Air Monitoring:
 US EPA Draft Roadmap NGAM
• Selected International Research Projects:
 Indoor/Outdoor Applications
29
EU Air Quality Directive 2008/50/EC: Requirements (1/4)
Michel Gerboles, JRC‐Ispra, IES
30
EU Air Quality Directive 2008/50/EC: Requirements (2/4)
Michel Gerboles, JRC‐Ispra, IES
31
EU Air Quality Directive 2008/50/EC: Requirements (3/4)
Michel Gerboles, JRC‐Ispra, IES
32
EU Air Quality Directive 2008/50/EC: Requirements (4/4)
Michel Gerboles, JRC‐Ispra, IES
33
Roadmap for Next Generation Air Monitoring
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Data Quality Requirements for the range of NGAM applications
US EPA, March 2013:
Tim Watkins, US EPA
Watkins.Tim@epa.gov
Viens Matthew, US EPA
Viens.Matthew@epa.gov
http://epa.gov/research/airscien
ce/docs/roadmap-20130308.pdf
34
SOME FP-7 PROJECTS ON AIR QUALITY: OUTDOOR
Project Acronym
CITI-SENSE
FP7-ENV-2012
AIRMONTECH
FP7-ENV-2012
Title of Project / Coordinator / Email
Development of Sensor-based Citizens' Observatory
Community for Improving Quality of Life in Cities
Coordinator: Alena Bartonova, NILU, Kjeller, Norway
Email: alena.bartonova@nilu.no
Air Pollution Monitoring Technologies for Urban Areas
Coordinator: Thomas Kuhlbusch, IUTA eV, Duisburg, Germany
Email: tky@iuta.de
OMNISCIENTIS A Living Lab Approach to Develop Sustainable
FP7-ENV-2013
Environmental Governance
Partner: Anne-Claude Romain, Universitè de Liege, Belgium
Email: acromain@ulg.ac.be
EVERYAWARE Enhance Environmental Awareness through Social
FP7-ICT-FET2012 Information Technologies
Coordinator: Vittorio Loreto, ISI Foundation, Torino, Italy
Email: vittorio.loreto@isi.it
MACPOLL
FP7-EMRP-2012
Metrology for Chemical Pollutants in Air
Coordinator: Annarita Baldan, VSL B.V., Delft, The Netherlands
35
Email: abaldan@vsl.nl
SOME FP-7 PROJECTS ON AIR QUALITY: INDOOR
Acronym
Title of Project / Coordinator / Email
SENSINDOOR Nanotechnology-based Intelligent multi-Sensor System with
FP7-NMP-2013 Selective Pre-concentration for IAQ Control
Coordinator: Andreas Schuetze, Saarland University, Germany
Email: schuetze@lmt.uni-saarland.de
Multi-Sensor Platform for Smart Building Management
MSP
FP7-ICT-2013 Coordinator: Anton Kock, Materials Center Leoben, Austria
Email: Anton.Koeck@mcl.at
INTASENSE Integrated Air Quality Sensor for Energy Efficient Environment
EeB-ENV-2011 Control
Coordinator: Robert Bell, C-Tech Innovation Ltd, Chester, UK
Email: rob.bell@ctechinnovation.com
Cost-Effective Tools for Better Indoor Environment in Retrofitted
CETIEB
FP7-ICT-2011 Energy Efficient Buildings
Coordinator: Jurgen Frick, University of Stuttgart, Germany
Email: Juergen.Frick@mpa.uni-stuttgart.de
On the Reduction of Health Effects from Combined Exposure to
OFFICAIR
FP7-ENV-2010 Indoor Pollutants in Modern Offices
Coordinator: John Bartzis, University of Western Macedonia,Greece
36
Email: bartzis@uowm.gr
SENSOR APPLICATIONS
SAFETY AND SECURITY SCENARIO
• Mobile Sensing for Safety
• Participatory Sensing for Citizens-Community Science
• Environmental Sensors Network for Smart Cities
37
Nanobreak Plug-in Sensor from Nasa
38
Sensor Applications: Mobile Sensing for Safety
A 32-channel sensor chip (1 cm x 1 cm) with
different nanostructured materials for
chemical sensing and safety applications
Courtesy by M. Meyyappan
NASA Ames
Smartphone based plug-in sensor prototype.
Courtesy: Yijiang Lu by NASA
39
1. Temperature data
2. Humidity data
3. Pressure data
4. Altitude data
9. Chemical ID and concentration
5. Sensor state
8. Pump state
Sensor state
Pump condition
Pump location
•
7. Sensor settings
6. App information
Dept. of Homeland Security (DHS) funded development of a
cell-phone version of this sensor engineered by NASA Ames.
• DHS independently tested the sensor for undisclosed chemical
threats in an undisclosed location in Alabama and informed
NASA Ames of the success.
• DHS also arranged for Los Angeles Fire Department test the
cell phone sensors for CO detection in a public event in 2011.
Environmental Gas Sensors & Smartphones
• Humidity and Temperature sensing
• Oxygen level
• CO2 level for air quality
• VOCs: Ethanol, Formaldehyde
• Others: NO, Isoprene, NH3
• CHALLENGES FOR SMARTPHONE IMPLEMENTATION
– Manufacture in high volume
– Small size and power requirement
– Low cost sensors (less than €10 per module)
– Lifetime/Selectivity/Sensitivity
42
PHONE PLUG-IN CARD-SENSOR HERE NOW
J. Gardner et al., Open Session COST at EUROSENSORS 2014, Brescia, 7‐10 September 2014 • Ethanol level detection before car driving
• Low power and digital
• iPhone plug in for safety and security
43
Sensor Applications:
Participatory Sensing for Citizens-Community Science
N. Castell et al., NILU, Norway
COST Workshop
Brindisi, 25‐26 March 2014 Sensing the OSLO city with buses
Sensors on buses
•
•
•
•
We will employ regular lines
Lines 20, 21, 31, 37 and 54 are
the ones that run with higher
frequency.
20s: are ring lines that bypass
the city center.
30s: are radial lines through the
city center.
Monitoring at the source
44
Sensor Applications:
Participatory Sensing for Citizens-Community Science
N. Castell et al., NILU, Norway
COST Workshop
Brindisi, 25‐26 March 2014 Sensing the OSLO city with cycles
We will measure where the people cycle
45
Sensor Applications:
Participatory Sensing for Citizens-Community Science
N. Castell et al., NILU, Norway
COST Workshop
Brindisi, 25‐26 March 2014 Sensing the OSLO city with people
We will measure where the people walk
NO2+O3
AQ &
Temp
UV
46
Sensor Applications:
Participatory Sensing for Citizens-Community Science
N. Castell et al., NILU, Norway
COST Workshop
Brindisi, 25‐26 March 2014 Challenge: Visualizing OSLO city data
End-user testing in
real-world conditions
47
Sensor Applications:
Participatory Sensing for Citizens-Community Science
Mobile Monitoring in Antwerp
J. Peters et al., VITO, Belgium
COST Workshop, Brindisi, 25‐26 March 2014 • Research questions:
– Mapping of the air quality in urban micro-environments
– Variability of hot-spots
– Data coverage and data processing
• Sensors:
– Aeroflex VITO (Elen et. al., Sensors 13(1), 221-240)
• Micro-aethalometer
• P-Trak
48
Sensor Applications:
Participatory Sensing for Citizens-Community Science
J. Peters et al., VITO, Belgium
COST Workshop, Brindisi, 25‐26 March 2014 City Guards in Antwerp
• Research question: mapping of black carbon in urban
environment by city personnel
• Sensors: black carbon mapper
1. Data collection
2. Data transmission
3. Data storage
Raw data in DB
4. Automated data pre-processing chain
(data validation)
5. Data visualization
and analysis
Pre-processed
data in DB
49
Sensor Applications:
Participatory Sensing for Citizens-Community Science
• Research question: mapping of black carbon in urban
environment by city personnel
City Guards in Antwerp
• Sensors: black carbon mapper
• Methods: mobile monitoring (opportunistic - targeted)
• Participation: city authority, interest group
J. Peters et al., VITO, Belgium
• Results: Mapping
COST Workshop, Brindisi, 25‐26 March 2014 50
Sensor Applications:
Environmental Sensors Network for Smart Cities

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cambridge Sensor Network
EUROPE:
London Heathrow Airport, UK
Cambridge, UK
Zurich, Lausanne, Switzerland
Vigo and La Coruna, Spain
Antwerp, Belgium
Copenhagen, Denmark  ASIA:
Oslo, Norway
• Dubai, Arabian Emirates
Porto, Portugal
• Shanghai, Cina
Bari, Italy
 USA:
Others
• NYC
• Los Angeles
51
EXAMPLES OF SENSORS DEMONSTRATION IN EU CITIES
London: Heathrow Airport
SNAQ-Heathrow project: Wireless Sensors Network
Courtesy by Rod Jones and Alphasense Ltd
•
~ 36 sensor nodes located in and around the airport
•
Web: http://www.snaq.org/
SNAQ sensor node
by Cambridge
~49 x 22 x 16 cm
~2.8 kg
52
EXAMPLES OF SENSORS DEMONSTRATION IN EU CITIES
Cambridge: City
MESSAGE project: Wireless Sensors Network
Courtesy by Rod Jones and Alphasense Ltd
Sensor units components
Simple
operation!
Satellite
navigation
Mobile
phone
Gas sensors
400 gm (incl. batteries)
Lisbon
13-14 November 2009
NO - NO2
53
EXAMPLES OF SENSORS DEMONSTRATION IN EU CITIES
Lausanne and Zurich: City
OpenSense project: Wireless Fixed/Mobile Sensors Network
Courtesy by Karl Aberer and OpenSense Consortium
Sensor Node for Air Quality Monitoring:
CO, NOx, O3, UFP, etc.
54
EXAMPLES OF SENSORS DEMONSTRATION IN EU CITIES
Vigo and La Coruna: City
Mobile Wireless Sensors Network on Public Transportation
Courtesy by F. Lopez-Pena et al., Sensors & Transducers, 8, 13-25, February 2010
Mobile Sensor Node
for Air Quality Monitoring:
CO, NOx, O3, SO2, CO2, T, RH
55
EXAMPLES OF SENSORS DEMONSTRATION IN EU CITIES
Copenhagen and Other Cities around World
Wireless Fixed AQ Sensors Network
Courtesy by Raviv Yatom, Airbase Systems Ltd
Live Data: http://sensors.myairbase.com/
Airbase CanarIT AQ sensor-node:
NO2, O3, VOC, PM, Noise, T, RH
56
EXAMPLES OF SENSORS DEMONSTRATION IN CITIES
Dubai: Network in City
Wireless Fixed AQ Sensors Network
Courtesy by Paul Pickering, Aeroqual Ltd
AEROQUAL, AQM 60 - Air Quality Sensors Station:
CO, NOx, O3, SO2, H2S, VOC, NMHC, CO2, TSP,
PM10, PM2.5, PM1.0, Meteorological Parameters: T,
RH, Wind velocity/direction
Dubai Municipality
57
EXAMPLES OF SENSORS DEMONSTRATION IN EU CITIES
Bari, Italy: City RES-NOVAE national IT project:
Networks, Buildings, Streets for New Challenges towards Environment and Energy
ENEA: Coordinator
Courtesy by RES-NOVAE Consortium
Demonstration an
integrated solution
for urban context
with distributed
Energy
functionalities
(smart grids),
management of
buildings network,
management of
streets and real-time
environmental
monitoring in City
58
are cooperative.
IT NATIONAL PROJECT RES-NOVAE: APPLICATIONS SCENARIO
Smart City Bari
Smart
Smart Grid
Grid
Urban
Urban Renewables
Renewables ed
ed
Ecobuildings
Ecobuildings
Building
Building Diagnostics
Diagnostics
&
& Control
Control
Integration
Integration Renewables
Renewables
Active
Active Demand
Demand
Management
Management
Energy
Energy Storage
Storage Systems
Systems
Smart
Smart Grids
Grids
(Distributors)
(Distributors)
Smart
Smart
District
District
(Aggregators)
(Aggregators)
Energy
Energy
Environment
Environment
Mobility
Mobility
City-Energy
City-Energy Database
Database
Urban
Urban Data
Data
Center
Center
(Municipality)
(Municipality)
Smart
Smart Street
Street Control
Control
Public
Public Light
Light control
control
Smart
Smart Urban
Urban Objects
Objects
59
IT NATIONAL PROJECT RES-NOVAE: INDOOR APPLICATIONS
Smart City Bari
ENEA AQ Sensor Node
Residential
Buildings
(IACP)
School
Carducci
Municipality
Offices
11 cm
Real-Word Scenario for Sensor Technology Demonstration:
Schools, Public Offices, Buildings
19 cm
60
IT NATIONAL PROJECT RES-NOVAE: OUTDOOR APPLICATIONS
Real-Word Scenario for Sensor Technology Demonstration:
AQ ENEA Sensors Mobile Node mounted on public bus (AMTAB) in Bari (Italy).
Urban Control Center (UCC) collects ENV/ENE/OTH data from City.
Smart City Bari
AMTAB Public Buses
ENEA ICT Server
ENEA Mobile Sensor Node
for Air Quality Monitoring:
CO, NOx, O3, SO2,
CO2, PM10, T, RH
UCC by IBM Italia
61
IT NATIONAL PROJECT RES-NOVAE: OUTDOOR APPLICATIONS
AQ ENEA Sensors Fixed Nodes Network distributed in Bari (Italy)
Urban Control Center (UCC) collects data from City.
Smart City Bari
Sensor-Node
62
IT NATIONAL PROJECT RES-NOVAE: OUTDOOR APPLICATIONS
AQ ENEA Sensors Fixed Nodes Network distributed in Bari (Italy)
Urban Control Center (UCC), hosted by ENEA server, senses real-time City
Smart City Bari
63
Air Quality Index (AQI):
(AQI) Simple Provision of Real-Time Data
AQI for each Pollutant:
EU Air Quality Directive
2008/50/EC
CurrentPollutionLevel
AQI 
*100
PollutionS tan dardLevel
Pollutant
Limit Standard Level
NOx
100 ppb (200 g/m3)
200 ppb (400 g/m3)
CO
8 ppm (10 mg/m3)
SO2
130 ppb (350 g/m3)
190 ppb (500 g/m3)
O3
120 g/m3 (90 ppb)
PM10
50 g/m3
PM2.5
25 g/m3
BTEX
5 g/m3
PAH (BaP)
1 ng/m3
64
Air Quality Index (AQI): Categories & Risk for Health
US EPA AQIs Classification
AQI Values
Levels of Health Concern
Colours
When AQI is in this range
…. air quality conditions are:
… as symbolized
by this colour:
0 to 33
VERY CLEAN AIR - Excellent
BLUE
34 to 66
CLEAN AIR - Good
GREEN
67 to 99
LIGHT POLLUTION - Moderate
YELLOW
100 to 150
SIGNIFICANT POLLUTION - Bad
RED
> 150
HEAVY POLLUTION - Worse
PURPLE
65
Air Quality Index (AQI): Sensors versus Analyzers
NO2 detection at an air quality station (JRC-IES, Ispra) and
related AQI by sensor and analyzer for general public
Very Good
Correlation
66
Air Quality Index (AQI): Sensors versus Analyzers
CO detection at an air quality station (ARPA-Puglia, Brindisi)
and related AQI by sensor and analyzer for general public
Very Good
Correlation
67
COST Action TD1105 EuNetAir:
European Network on New Sensing
Technologies for Air-Pollution and
Environmental Sustainability
 Results versus Objectives: Significant Highlights
 Future Plans and Challenges: Expected Impact
 Next EuNetAir Meetings and related Events
68
Action’s Objectives
MoU Main Objectives of COST Action TD1105:
• To establish a Pan-European multidisciplinary R&D platform on new
sensing paradigm for Air Quality Control (AQC) contributing to
sustainable development, green-economy and social welfare.
• To create collaborative research teams in the ERA on the new
sensing technologies for AQC in an integrated approach to avoid
fragmentation of the research efforts.
• To train Early Stage Researchers (ESRs) and new young scientists in
the field for supporting competitiveness of European industry by
qualified human potential.
• To promote gender balance and involvement of ESRs in AQC.
• To disseminate R&D results on AQC towards industry community
and policy makers as well as general public and high schools.
69
Action Research Directions: Methodology
DELIVERABLES of COST Action TD1105. MoU areas of S&T cooperation include:
• Workshops on sensor materials and nanotechnologies, sensor-systems for AQC,
environmental measurements, air-pollution modelling, chemical weather forecasting,
distributed computing, wireless sensor networks, protocols and pre-standardisation;
organization of open conferences to improve knowledge transfer and dissemination.
• Training Schools on sensor materials, technologies, processes, methods, modelling,
forecasting, applications, environmental certification and validation, project management.
• International ESRs exchange and Scientists Mobility (STSMs) between partners
involved in Action and Non-COST partnership at incoming/outcoming level.
• New collaborative research actions and research projects providing synergies
between partners capabilities.
• Participation in Conferences, Short Courses, Mutual Publications, Reports, White Papers,
Position Papers, etc.
• Outreach activities
• Enforcement of the Gender Balance agenda
• Coordinated Dissemination of the networking activities towards Academia, Industry and
General Public.
70
Action TD1105 EuNetAir: Working Groups
MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE:
CORE-GROUP & STEERING COMMITTEE
WG1:
Sensor Materials
&
Nanotechnologies
• Editorial Board
• Dissemination
WG2:
• Training Schools
Sensors, Devices
& Systems for AQC
• Gender Balance
I
SPE NTERD
ISCI
CIAL
INTE PLINA
R
RES
WG4:
T GR Y
OUP
Protocols &
S
Standardisation
WG3:
Methods
Env. Measurements
&
Air Pollution Modelling
• Early Stage Researchers (ESR)
• Short-Term Scientific Mission (STSM)
• Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)
• Local Organizing Committee (LOC)
• SIG 1: Network of Spin-offs
• SIG 2: Smart Sensors for Urban Air
Monitoring in Cities
• SIG 3: Guidelines for Best Coupling Air
Pollutant-Transducer
• SIG 4: Expert comments for the Revision
71
of the Air Quality EU Directive
COST Action TD1105 EuNetAir: 28 COST Countries (Parties) have
already signed Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)
PARTIES:
already accepted
MoU: 28 Countries
Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Czech
Republic, Denmark,
Finland, France,
Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Israel, Italy,
Latvia, The Former
Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia,
Netherlands,
Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania,
Serbia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey,
United Kingdom.
COST Action TD1105 EuNetAir:
7 Non-COST Countries and 8 Non-COST Institutions
Non-COST Countries:
Australia, Canada, China,
Morocco, Russia, Ukraine,
USA
Non-COST Institutions:
CSIRO (Australia);
University of Waterloo
(Canada); Chinese
Academy of Sciences,
Shanghai Institute of
Ceramics (China);
University of Agadir IBN
Zohr (Morocco); National
Research Center Kurchatov
Institute (Russia); O.M.
Marzeiev Institute for
Hygiene and Medical
Ecology of Academy of
Science of Ukraine
(Ukraine); Southern Illinois
University Carbondale,
NASA Ames Research
Center (USA).
O.M. Marzeiev Institute
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
University of Agadir IBN Zohr
NNC - Near Neighbour Countries
IPC - International Partner Countries
Riga Technical University
180
MC Chair:
Michele Penza, ENEA, IT
MC Vice Chair: Anita Lloyd Spetz, Linkoping University, SE
Grant Holder: Eurice GmbH, Saarbrucken, DE
Country
MC Members (54): Male (70%) ‐ Female (30%)
Austria
Dr. Anton KOCK
Belgium
Dr Jan THEUNIS; Dr Anne‐Claude ROMAIN
Bulgaria
Dr Dimiter SYRAKOV; Dr Ivan NEDKOV
Country
MC Substitutes (31)
Croatia (NEW Party)
Dr. Irena CIGLENECKI‐JUSIC
Austria
Dr Stefan DEFREGGER
Czech Republic
Dr. Vera KURKOVA; Dr. Zdenek ZELINGER
Denmark
Prof. Ole HERTEL
Finland
Prof. Kaarle HAMERI; Prof. Jyrki LAPPALAINEN
France
Prof. Marcel BOUVET; Prof. Jerome BRUNET
Belgium
Czech Republic
Denmark
Finland
Dr Julien DELVA
Dr. Roman NERUDA
Dr. Lise Lotte SORENSEN
Prof. Jorma KESKINEN
Germany
Prof. Andreas SCHUETZE; Dr Corinna HAHN
France
Dr Jean SUISSE; Prof. Alain PAULY
Greece
Prof. George PAPADOPOULOS; Prof. Kostas KARATZAS
Iceland
E
EDr. Daniela SCHONAUER‐KAMIN
T
T
I
M
M
O
Germany
Dr. Thomas KUHLBUSCH
C
T
Ms Krisztina LABANCZ; Dr Zita FERENCZI AGEMEN
Dr. Juliane ROSSBACH
N
A
M
Dr Arngrimur THORLACIUS
Prof. George KIRIKIADIS
Ireland
Israel
Dr. Francesco PILLA; Prof. John WENGER
Dr. Liad ORTAR; Prof. Hossam HAICK
Italy
Dr Michele PENZA; Prof. G. SBERVEGLIERI; Dr. G. DE GENNARO
Latvia
Macedonia Rep.
Dr Iveta STEINBERGA; Dr. Gita SAKALE
Dr. Igor ATASANOV; Dr. Ljupcho GROZDANOVSKI
Netherlands
Hungary
Greece
Dr. Christos KOULAMAS
Italy
Dr. Roberto SIMMARANO
Dr. Marco ALVISI; Dr. Saverio DE VITO
Macedonia Rep.
Dr. Beti ANGELEVSKA
Norway
Dr Sywert BRONGERSMA; Dr. Ernie WEIJERS
Dr Nuria CASTELL BALAGUER; Dr. Philipp SCHENEIDER
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Dr. Rene OTJES
Prof. Jacek SZUBER
Dr. Joao Paulo TEIXEIRA
Poland
Dr Monika KWOKA; Prof. Janislaw GAWRONSKI
Romania
Dr. Cristina RUSTI; Dr. Marcel Adrian IONICA
Portugal
Prof. Bernadete RIBEIRO; Prof. Carlos BORREGO
Romania
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Slovenia
012
ay 2Prof. Andrej DOBNIKAR
M
6
1
n
o
ls
e
s
s
ru
Prof. Albert ROMANO‐RODRIGUEZ
Dr Marcel IONICA; Dr Roxana Mioara PITICESCU
Spain
ff Meeting at B
o
kk
ic
K
Dr. Jordi LLOSA
Dr. Anka CVETKOVIC
Dr Grisa MOCNIK; Dr Rahela ZABKAR
Prof. Juan Ramon MORANTE; Prof. Eduard LLOBET VALERO
Prof. Anita LLOYD SPETZ; Prof. Ingrid BRYNTSE
Switzerland
Dr Danick BRIAND; Dr. Nicolas MOSER
United Kingdom
Dr John SAFFELL; Prof. Roderic JONES
Turkey
Prof. Zafer ZIYA OZTURK; Prof. Mehmet Fatih DANISMAN
Sweden
Dr Ulf THOLE; Dr. Marina VOINOVA
Switzerland
Dr Christoph HUEGLIN
Turkey
Prof. Necmettin KILINC
UK
Prof. Julian GARDNER
Dr Robin NORTH; Prof. Florin UDREA 76
COST Action EuNetAir: ROADMAP 2012-2016 and GANTT
YEARS
Y1
Y1
Y1
Y1
Y2
Y2
Y2
Y2
Y3
Y3
Y3
Y3
Y4
Y4
Y4
Y4
QUARTERS
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
REAL TIME ‐ START (MM.YY)
07.12 10.12 01.13 04.13 07.13 10.13 01.14 04.14 07.14 10.14 01.15 04.15 07.15 10.15 01.16 04.16
REAL TIME ‐ STOP (MM.YY)
09.12 12.12 03.13 06.13 09.13 12.13 03.14 06.14 09.14 12.14 03.15 06.15 09.15 12.15 03.16 06.16
WG1 Activities
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
WG2 Activities
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
WG3 Activities
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
WG4 Activities
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Kick‐Off Meeting
X
Establish Workplan
X
Action Website Setup/Update
X
Action Leaflet & Brochure
X
Newsletter
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Workshop
X
X
X
X
Training School
X
X
X
X
Annual/Final Report
X
State‐of‐Art
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Exchange Visits: STSMs
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
Exchange Visits of ESRs
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
‐
Field Campaigns
Mutual Publications
‐
‐
‐
‐
International Conference
X
WGs Meeting
MC Meeting
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Year 3: Scientific Planning of EuNetAir
(1/2)
Meetings/Workshops/Training Schools planned for upcoming year
(Year 3: 1 July 2014 - 30 June 2015):
•WG1-WG4 Meeting on New Sensing Technologies for Air-Pollution
Monitoring and Start of the Air Quality Joint-Exercise Intercomparison at
IDAD - University of Aveiro, Aveiro (Portugal), 13 - 15 Oct. 2014.
•The 3rd International Workshop of the COST Action TD1105 on
New Trends and Challenges on Air Quality Control at University of
Latvia, Riga (Latvia), 26 - 27 March 2015.
•The Action 3rd International Training School on Atmospheric
Aerosol Physics, Measurements and Sampling at Hyytiala Station of the
University of Helsinki, Helsinki (Finland), 2 - 8 May 2015.
78
Year 3: Scientific Planning of EuNetAir
(2/2)
MC/WG Meetings planned for the upcoming year
(Year 3: 1 July 2014 - 30 June 2015):
•3rd SCIENTIFIC MEETING: WGs Meeting and 6th MC Meeting at
Bahcesehir University and GEBZE Institute of Technology, Istanbul
(Turkey), 3 - 5 Dec. 2014.
•4th SCIENTIFIC MEETING: WGs Meeting and 7th MC Meeting at
Linkoping University, Linkoping (Sweden), 3 - 5 June 2015.
•Special Session EuNetAir / Core-Group Meeting to
EUROSENSORS 2014, Brescia (Italy), 7 - 10 September 2014.
•Special Session EuNetAir / Smart Cities Sensors to
IEEE SENSORS 2014, Valencia (Spain), 2 - 5 November 2014.
79
OUTREACH ACTIVITIES from Action TD1105
Action website:
www.cost.eunetair.it
hosted by ENEA
Dr. Marco Alvisi, Webmaster Coordinator
Sebastiano Dipinto, Valerio Pfister, Gianfranco Zingarelli, Webmaster
Team
Social Scientific ESRs Network (SSEN) by LinkedIn
Moderator(s): Mar Viana, Mariacruz Minguillon
Issue 1: published on Dec. 2012
Issue 2: published on June 2013
Issue 3: published on Dec. 2013
Issue 4: published on June 2014
Issue 5: planned on Dec. 2014





Prof. Ralf Moos, Editor-in-Chief
Dr. Daniela Schonauer-Kamin, Editorial Board Manager
Editorial Activities: WGs MEETING at EEA
New Sensing Technologies for Air-Pollution Control and Environmental Sustainability
• Special Issue Urban Climate (Elsevier)
New Sensing Technologies and Methods for Air-Pollution Monitoring
Proceedings of the Action EEA Meeting open to external contributors.
Peer-review process (http://ees.elsevier.com/uclim/)
• Guest Editors:
 Michele Penza, ENEA, Italy
 Anita Lloyd Spetz, Linkoping University, Sweden
 Ole Hertel, Aarhus University, Denmark
 Ulrich Quass, IUTA eV, Germany
• Deadline for submission: 28 February 2014 (Close)
• Number of Submissions: 22 Manuscripts
• Expected Publication: Fall 2014 (Nov-Dec 2014)
81
Editorial Activities: Symposium at EMRS
New Sensing Technologies for Air-Pollution Control and Environmental Sustainability
• Special Issue Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems
(Copernicus Publications)
Advanced Functional Materials for Environmental Monitoring and Applications
Proceedings of Symposium-B EMRS Spring Meeting 2014, 26-30 May 2014, Lille (FR)
Peer-review process (www.journal-of-sensors-and-sensor-systems.net)
• Guest Editors:
 Michele Penza, ENEA, Italy
 Anita Lloyd Spetz, Linkoping University, Sweden
 Albert Romano-Rodriguez, Barcelona University, Spain
 Yongxiang Li, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
 Meyya Meyyappan, NASA Ames Research Center, USA
• Deadline for submission: 31 July 2014
• Expected Publication: Fall 2014 (Nov-Dec 2014)
82
Aveiro Joint-Exercise Intercomparison & WG Meeting
13 - 27 October 2014: Starting Joint-Exercise (2 weeks duration)
14 - 15 October 2014: EuNetAir WG1-WG4 Meeting
EuNetAir Air Quality Joint-Exercise Intercomparison 2014
Local Organizers: Prof. Carlos Borrego and Dr. Ana Margarida Costa (IDAD)
Air Quality Monitoring campaign at Aveiro (Portugal) city centre 2014
Continuous measurements: CO, benzene, NOx, SO2, PM10, VOC
Temperature, humidity, wind velocity, wind direction, solar radiation, precipitation
COST partners (15 teams joined from 12 COST Countries) installed
their microsensors side-by-side to compare performance with
referenced equipment in the Air-Quality Mobile Laboratory
83
THIRD SCIENTIFIC MEETING: WG & 6th MC Meeting
New Sensing Technologies for Indoor Air-Pollution
Bahcesehir University, Istanbul (Turkey), 3 - 5 December 2014
PLENARY SESSION:
EU Projects Cluster on
Indoor Environments
Quality and Applications
Multidisciplinary Meeting:
International Experts and Coordinators
of FP7 and H2020 research projects
related to the IEQ Cluster
are highly expected to participate
Local Organizers:
Prof. Zafer Ziya Ozturk,
GEBZE, Istanbul (Turkey)
Prof. Ali Gungor,
Bahcesehir University,
Istanbul (Turkey)
84
COST Action TD1105: Related EVENTS
New Sensing Technologies for Air-Pollution Control and Environmental Sustainability
COST Transdisciplinary (TUD, ESSEM, ISCH, ICT) Strategic Event:
Cities of Tomorrow
Turin (Italy), 17 - 19 September 2014
Action TD1105 represented as Invited Speaker by Prof. Anita Lloyd-Spetz,
Action Vice-Chair, Linkoping University, Sweden and Oulu University, Finland
EUROSENSORS 2014
XXVIII Edition of Conference Series: European Forum to cover the entire
field of Sensors, Actuators, Microsystems and Nanosystems
Brescia, (Italy), 7-10 September 2014
General Conference Chair: Prof. G. Sberveglieri
•Action represented as Technical Program Committee (TPC) Member
by Dr. Michele Penza, Action Chair, ENEA, Brindisi, Italy
•Open Session COST Action TD1105 with 6 Speakers (1 Invited). 85
Video: EuNetAir at COST Strategic Event Cities of Tomorrow
Turin (Italy), 17-19 September 2014
New Sensing Technologies for Air-Pollution Control and Environmental Sustainability
COST Action TD1105 represented by
Vice-Chair, Prof. Anita Lloyd-Spetz,
Linkoping University (Sweden) and University of Oulu (Finland)
86
Expected Impact by Action TD1105
• European Leadership on AQC Science &
Technology
• Development of Green-Economy
• Support to Sustainable Development
• Support to Monitoring System of Clean Air for
Europe
• Fostering Research & Innovation on New Sensing
Technologies for Environmental Monitoring
87
Challenges addressed by Action TD1105
• Nanomaterials for AQC sensors
• Low-cost Gas Sensors
• Low-power Sensor-Systems
• Wireless Technology (Environmental Sensors Network)
• Air Quality Modelling
• Environmental Measurements
• Standards and Protocols
88
Selected Examples of Gas Sensors and Sensor Systems
TiO2 Nanotube
by Univ. Rovira I Virgili
and SICCAS
Metal oxide (SnO2)
Nanowires nets Carbon Nanotubes
by Univ. of Brescia by Ames NASA
GasFET by EPFL, CH
UNITEC srl, ETL3000
multi-component outdoor
air quality monitor
AEROQUAL, AQM 60
Air Quality Sensors Station
IT PATENT ENEA
Carbon Nanotube Gas Sensors
Cantilever Sensor by DTU, DK
Autonomous Gas Sensor System
by IREC and Univ. of Barcelona
Sensor units components
Simple
operation!
Satellite
navigation
Mobile
phone
SenseAir SA,
A Robust Low-Cost NDIR Sensor
Platform for sub-ppm Gas Detection
Gas sensors
400 gm (incl. batteries)
Lisbon
13-14 November 2009
An Octocopter,
Octocopter the first platform on
which we (Max Planck Institute for
Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany)
tested a measurement sensor
package for air quality sensors.
89
EuNetAir INNOVATION on AIR QUALITY MONITORING
11 cm
Wireless sensor network for air-quality monitoring
around Heathrow airport
by University of Cambridge and Alphasense Ltd, UK
19 cm
Autonomous Gas Sensor System
by IREC and Univ. of Barcelona
Autonomous EC Gas AQ Sensor System
by ENEA, Italy
Air Quality Bike (Aeroflex) for Mobile AQ Measurements
by VITO, Belgium
Miniaturized CMOS Sensor
by CCMOS Sensors Ltd and Warwick University
A low‐cost modular sensor platform combining IR spectrometry and MOX gas sensors for IAQ monitoring (CO2, VOC) and medical applications
by 3S GmbH and Saarland University, Germany
Non-Dispersive Infra Red (NDIR) Gas
Sensors (CO2) by SenseAir, Sweden
SGX‐Sensortech MOX Gas Sensors
for Automotive AQ Measurements
by SGX‐Sensortech, Switzerland
90
PRIORITIES & ROADMAP
• What do we want to provide on the long-term in relation to
routine monitoring and public information ?
• Micro-sensors should not substitute but supplement
routine monitoring devices
• Future routine networks may look very different from
today and include low-cost and accurate sensors ?
• The green routes through the city or access to
information about air-pollution load at specific local
address might be future goals
• Pervasive low-cost microsensors for indoor energy
efficiency should be a must for future green-buildings
91
COST Action TD1105 EuNetAir:
SOME INPUTS for FUTURE RESEARCH in AQC
• Wearable Sensors to Monitor Air-Pollution Personal Exposure
• Mobile Sensing (Smartphones, Tablets, Watches)
• Fixed Sensor Nodes in Urban Wireless Networks
• Mobile Sensor Nodes on Public Transports (Buses, Trams, etc.)
• Sensing City (bikes, city guardians, citizens, etc.)
• Indoor Energy Efficiency Sensors (VOCs, Formaldehyde, etc)
• Sensors for Greenhouse Gases Monitoring (CO2, CH4, N2O, etc.)
• Sensors for Odour Monitoring
• Sensors for PM Detection at Low-Cost
92
CONCLUSIONS
The COST Action TD1105 EuNetAir is proposed to
solve problems in the area of:
• Air Quality Control
• Environmental Sustainability
• Indoor/Outdoor Energy Efficiency
• Climate Change Monitoring
• Health Effects of Air-Pollution
93
Dr. Michele Penza, ENEA, IT
michele.penza@enea.it
Prof. Anita Lloyd Spetz
Linkoping University, SE
MC Vice Chair:
spetz@ifm.liu.se
Dr. Corinna Hahn, Dr. Juliane Rossbach
Grant Holder:
Eurice GmbH, DE
c.hahn@eurice.eu; j.rossbach@eurice.eu
Dr. Annamaria Demarinis Loiotile
Scientific Secretary:
annamaria.demarinis@uniba.it
Dr. Deniz Karaca
Science Officer:
deniz.karaca@cost.eu
Dr. Andrea Tortajada
Administrative Officer:
andrea.tortajada@cost.eu
Prof. Kostantinos Kourtidis (GR)
4
Rapporteur ESSEM:
1
0
2
kourtidi@env.duth.gr
pt
e
S
0
Prof. Joaquim Manuel Vieira (PT)
3
m
Rapporteur MPNS: fro
D jvieira@cv.ua.pt
E
S
EA
Prof. Antonio Lagana (IT)
C
Rapporteur CMST:
lagana05@gmail.com
MC Chair:
CSO Approval: 01 Dec. 2011
Kick-off Meeting: 16 May 2012
Start of Grant:
01 July 2012
End of Grant:
30 June 2016
www.cost.eunetair.it
KICK-OFF MEETING
Brussels, 16 May 2012
http://www.cost.eu/domains_actions/essem/Actions/TD1105
94
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The COST Action TD1105 EuNetAir
thanks very much
IEEE SENSORS 2014 Organizers for kind invitation !
N!
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A
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IN
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YOUR
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F
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C
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THANK YOU V
95