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ONE TO GROW ON!
Passive Anti-Theft
System Nightmares…
The PATS key has a
transponder located
within the body of the key.
This key can be duplicated
at your local key shop,
but won’t work on your
car until it’s programmed
to the system.
P
assive Anti-Theft System
(PATS) — a car owner’s
dream and a technician’s
nightmare. For the car owner, the need
for a bulky theft deterrent is virtually
gone; as for the technician, the nightmare starts shortly after a PCM replacement.
For over five years now, Ford has
been producing vehicles with anti-theft
systems. As you know, there are anywhere from 4 to 15 modules in today’s
vehicles. All of these modules are used
for one specific task or another, and
they all use each other for communication: This is called a multiplex network.
Those of you already familiar with
multiplex networking diagnosis are
by Lance Wiggins
ready for the new generation of vehicles. Those of you who aren’t, get ready,
because after this article you will be!
As I said earlier, PATS can be a
nightmare waiting in the shadows, but
you can learn a little more about these
modules to help out when the time
comes.
The PATS module may be in one of
a number of different locations,
depending on the application. This
module has one purpose only: Theft
deterrent. Let’s take a look at how this
module works…
The Passive Anti-Theft System
uses radio frequency identification
technology to deter a drive-away theft.
In other words, a thief can’t get in the
Under normal operating conditions the system
will go through a proveout. This is where the
Theft light on the dash stops blinking.
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Passive Anti-Theft System Nightmares…
PATS Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
DTC
Description
Action To Take
B 1213
Anti-Theft Number of Programmed Keys is Below Minimum
GO to DTC B 1213
B 1232 or
Antenna Not Connected—Defective Transceiver
GO to DTC B 2103
PATS Ignition Key Transponder Signal is Not Received—
GO to DTC B 1600
B 2103
B 1600
Damaged Key or Non-PATS Key
B 1601
PATS Received Incorrect Key Code From Ignition Transponder
GO to DTC B 1601
(Unprogrammed Encoded Ignition Key)
B 1602
PATS Received Invalid Key Code format From Ignition
GO to DTC B 1602
Key Transponder (Parts Key Read)
B 1681
PATS Transceiver Signal Is Not Received—
GO to DTC B 1681
Transceiver Defective or Not Connected
B 2139
PCM ID Does Not Match Between PATS and PCM
GO to DTC B 2139
B 2141
NVM Configuration Failure—
GO to DTC B 2141
No PCM ID Exchange Between PATS and PCM
U 1147
SCP Invalid or Missing Data for Vehicle Security
U 1262
Missing SCP Message
GO to DTC U 1147
Refer to Section 18-04
Code Definition and PIDs to help you diagnose your PATS System.
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GEARS October 2002
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The PATS module is
capable of disabling the starter
motor as well as
telling the PCM to
disable the engine.
If the encoded ignition key isn’t correct, the PATS will
disable the starter
relay, so the engine
won’t crank
vehicle and hot wire it, or take a screwdriver to its ignition system. Passive
means that you don’t have to set or arm
anything on the vehicle; it arms automatically. This system is known as
®
in North America,
Secuilock
®
Safeguard in the UK, and PATS in continental Europe. For this article we will
refer to it as PATS, since the name that
acronym refers to is more descriptive of
the system’s function.
The PATS key has a transponder
located within the body of the key. This
key can be duplicated at your local key
shop, but won’t work on your car until
it’s programmed to the system. Each
key has an electronic code that is
capable of producing a staggering 72
million, billion combinations!
The transceiver module — usually
located behind the steering column on
the driver’s side — communicates with
the key. Inside, it has a smaller module
with an antenna mounted to it. This
picks up the signal from the key: It then
tells the PATS module to let the vehicle
start.
The PATS module and the PCM
are sophisticated enough to remember
the key code even if the battery is disconnected. But if you replace either
module, a new code needs to be
entered. This is where you could run
into a problem. For now, this type of
information is only available to the
dealer. But if you, or someone you
know, has an NGS (New Generation
Star) tester, you can use it to reprogram
the PATS module using the green reprogramming card. The procedure for
reprogramming the PATS is simple, but
if you don’t have the NGS tool, you’re
out of luck for now.
The PATS module is capable of
disabling the starter motor as well as
telling the PCM to disable the engine. If
the encoded ignition key isn’t correct,
the PATS will disable the starter relay,
so the engine won’t crank. That’s
because the ignition switch feeds the
PATS module; the PATS module relays
the feed signal to the starter relay. When
the PCM disables the system, the
engine will crank but won’t start: The
fuel and spark are being shut down by
the PCM.
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Passive Anti-Theft System Nightmares…
PATS Parameter Identification (PID) Index
Display
Description
CONTPATS
IGN_PAT
NUMKEYS
M_KEYS
ENABL_S
ACCESS
MIN # KEY
Number of Continuous DTCs in PATS
One count per bit
Ignition Switch
RUN/OFF
Number of Ignition Key Codes Programmed
BCD (valid range 0-8
Programmed Key in Ignition
Yes/No
Has PATS Enabled the Vehicle?
Enabled/Disabled
Security Access Status
Timed. Coded
Minimum Number of Programmed Keys
BCD (Valid Range 2-8)
Required to Start the Vehicle
Time Out For Unprogrammed PATS Key
ACTIVE, not ACT
(Active Will Last Up to 20 Seconds)
Is PCM ID Stored in PATS Control?
STORED, not STR
Can you add Spare Key with Two Programmed Keys?
YES. NO
Service Module?
YES. NO
PCM ID Matches Between PCM and PATS Control?
YES. NO
ANTISCN
PCM_ID
SPAREKY
SERVMOD
PCM_VFY
PID Content
Code Definition and PIDs to help you diagnose your PATS System.
The only reprogramming that can be
performed without the NGS tester is
programming spare keys, as long as two
or more keys are already programmed.
The components the PATS system
uses to arm and disarm are:
• PATS control module
• Theft indicator in the instrument
cluster
• Transceiver electronics
• PCM (Powertrain Control Module)
• Encoded ignition key
• Antitheft alarm control mounting
bracket
• Communications network
• Data link connector
• Starter relay
The PATS will disable the system if
any of these conditions exist:
• Encoded key failure
• Encode key not programmed
• Non-encoded key (key has no electronics)
• Wiring problem
• Transceiver problem
• PATS control module problem
42
• Network failure
• PCM failure
• Less then two keys programmed
• No ID stored in the PATS or the
PCM
• PATS/PCM IDs don’t match
Under normal operating conditions
the system will go through a proveout.
This is where the Theft light on the dash
stops blinking. Normal proveout of the
theft indicator is three seconds on and
off after the ignition switch has been
turned from the Off position to the Run
or Start positions. During proveout the
system will check all of the inputs and
outputs by sending a small pulse of
voltage through the system, similar to
the PCM. If the system fails, the
Antitheft light will continue blinking
and the vehicle won’t crank or start.
The only reprogramming that can
be performed without the NGS tester is
programming spare keys, as long as two
or more keys are already programmed.
This can even be done by the car’s
owner. The procedure is simple:
Insert the first programmed ignition key into the ignition lock cylinder.
Turn the ignition switch from Off
to Run, and keep the ignition switch in
the Run position for three seconds.
Turn the ignition switch off and
remove the first key from the ignition
lock cylinder.
Within seconds of turning the ignition switch off, insert the second programmed ignition key into the ignition
lock cylinder.
Turn the ignition switch from Off
to Run, and keep the ignition switch in
the Run position for three seconds.
Turn the ignition switch off and
remove the second key from the ignition lock cylinder.
Within 20 seconds, insert the
unprogrammed (new) ignition key into
the ignition lock cylinder.
Turn the ignition switch to Start
(attempt to start vehicle).
GEARS October 2002
LCDYNO_T.QXD
9/12/02
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Page 43
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Passive Anti-Theft System Nightmares…
If you need to program additional
keys, repeat the key programming procedure from the beginning.
If the programming procedure isn’t
successful, the new keys won’t start the
vehicle and the Theft indicator will
flash.
If the programming procedure
wasn’t successful, leave the ignition
switch in the Run position for at least
30 seconds, and repeat the key programming procedure from step one. If
the failure repeats, the system may be
damaged; check for codes and proceed
as necessary.
The PATS system isn’t all that difficult to deal with. The only thing is,
you will need to deal with it if you have
Item
Part Number
1
14A664
2
3
4
5
A
3511
14A206
390345-S36
15607
—
Steering Column
to replace the PATS
module or PCM. So,
if the PCM or PATS
module needs to be
replaced, make sure
you include the time
for reprogramming
the PCM or the ignition key, as necessary.
If you don’t, it will
cost you… in time,
effort, and nightmares.
Description
Air Bag Sliding Contact
Steering Column Lock Cylinder Housing
Wire Connector Bracket
Screw
Passive Anti-Theft Transceiver Module
Tighten to 2 N-m (18 Lb-In)
Refer to Chart at left.
Code Definition and PIDs to help you diagnose your PATS System.
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