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problems which impact mission-critical facilities
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Protection of Industrial Power Systems
by
Er. Dr. Lock Kai Sang
Approved
16 PDU by PEB
BSc PhD FAAET FIES FIEE FICS FSIArb MIEM CEng ACPE PEng(S)
Principal, PQR Consultants
Co-author of “Grounds for Grounding – A Circuit-to-System Handbook” published by IEEE/Wiley
22 - 23 August 2012
York Hotel Singapore
27 - 28 August 2012
Hotel Royal, Kuala Lumpur
8.30 am - 5.30 pm
Course Objectives
This comprehensive course is intended to provide a broad-based and yet in-depth coverage of the various important issues related
to power system faults and their protection. Fundamental principles will be developed first upon which applications will be illustrated.
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Who Should Attend
Electrical design engineers
Project engineers
Lecturers at tertiary institutes
Plant & maintenance engineers
Electrical contractors
Technical support engineers
Operation and management staff of mission-critical facilities
Learning Framework/ Methodology
The course delivery adopts a combination of lectures, class
discussions and tutorials. The learning experience will be
enhanced by taking the course attendees through real-life
protection coordination exercise based on principles learned
in the course.
Course Outline
1.
Protection fundamentals
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Basic principles
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Types of abnormalities requiring protection
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Zones of protection
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Basic protective equipment
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Protection requirements – reliability, selectivity, sensitivity, stability, speed
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Primary protection & backup protection
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Terms and definitions
2.
Relays, current & voltage transformers
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Types of relay
Device number
CT characteristics & specification
VT characteristics & specification
Application & selection
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Fault calculations
Per unit system
Symmetrical component analysis
Sequence impedances of power system components
Symmetrical & asymmetrical faults
Three phase fault calculation
Earth fault calculation
4.
Fuses, circuit breakers & switchgears
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Types of fuse, their characteristics & applications
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Types of circuit breaker, their characteristics & applications
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HV & LV switchgears
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Vacuum & GIS
•Current-limiting
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Zone selective interlocking
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Ratings & specifications
5.
Overcurrent protection
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Principle of time-current grading
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Grading margin
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Definite minimum time
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Directional protection
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Standard IDMTL overcurrent relays
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Very inverse & extremely inverse characteristics
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Typical examples of time & current grading
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Protection against excessive arc flash energy
6.
Earth fault protection
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Role of earth fault protection – safety and availability
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Types of system earthing and impacts on earth fault current
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Earth fault relays
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RCD characteristics, types & applications
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Origins of stray/ leakage current & nuisance tripping
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Calculation of stray current from power cables
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Discrimination between earth fault protective devices
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Differential & unit protection
Principle of differential protection
Unit protection
Busbar protection
8.
Cable protection
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Overload protection of cables
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Short circuit protection of cables
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Feeder protection
•Examples
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Transformer protection
Types of transformers
Magnetizing inrush
Transformer overheating
Overcurrent protection
Earth fault protection
Differential protection
Oil and gas devices
Condition monitoring of transformers
10.
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AC motor protection
Types of protection – overload, phase unbalance, loss of supply, stalling, insulation failure
HV motor protection
LV motor protection
Short circuit motor contribution
11. Generator protection
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Overload protection
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Short-circuit performance, sub-
transient & transient periods
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External short circuit protection
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Earthing & earth fault protection
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Loss of field, over-speed, overvoltage protection
12. Protection discrimination and coordination
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Discrimination & coordination between upstream and downstream protective devices
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Co-ordination of HV/LV protection
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Work examples/tutorial s
EEM Advancement Centre Pte Ltd
CPD Advancement Centre
Your Partners in Professional Advancement Since 1989
About the Instructor
Er. Dr. Lock Kai Sang
BSc PhD FAAET FIES FIEE FICS FSIArb MIEM ACPE CEng PEng(S)
Dr. Lock is well-received as a short course instructor. Participants appreciate his course delivery based on his unique blend
of hands-on professional and academic experience, including 14 years as practicing professional engineer and 17 years as
university lecturer.
He is a specialist consulting engineer in the areas of mission-critical electrical design, power quality, EMC, motor & drives, and
safety. He is well-sought for advice and trouble-shooting challenging electrical problems of datacenters, high-tech manufacturing
facilities, rail transport systems, industrial & commercial buildings, and offshore platforms.
His team conducts power system analysis including short-circuit calculation, protective relays coordination, load flows, and
harmonic analysis. He also conducts audit of electrical systems for mission-critical facilities, such as data centres.
Dr. Lock received his B.Sc. (1st Class Honours) in Electrical and Electronics Engineering in 1975 from the University of
Strathclyde, UK. He completed his Ph.D. degree at the same university in 1979 researching on the design optimization of
electrical machines. He joined the National University of Singapore as a lecturer in 1980 and was the Head of its Power and
Machines Division, Department of Electrical Engineering, when he left in 1997 to set up his consulting practice.
He is very well-versed with standards and codes of practice. He was the Chairman of Singapore Standards Council for 6 years,
actively contributing to the promotion and establishment of Standards and Codes of Practice in Singapore. He served 9 years
as a member of the Electrical Industry Practice Committee.
He is a Past President of the Institution of Engineers, Singapore, a Past Chairman of the IEE, Singapore Centre and founding
Chairman of IEEE Power Chapter, Singapore. He served 8 years as a Board Member of Professional Engineers Board. He is
still actively serving as a volunteer, being the Chairman of Accreditation Committee for Energy Service Companies (ESCOs)
and the Immediate Past Chairman of Engineering Accreditation Board.
He is the co-author of a book “Ground for Grounding: A Circuit to System Handbook” published by IEEE/John Wiley.
Other courses to be conducted by Dr Lock in 2012
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Electrical Safety - Causes and Prevention of Electrical Hazards (September)
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Electrical Installations Design (October)
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Ligntning Protections Buildings, Services and Electronic Systems (November)
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Technical Report Writing (December)
Registration Details
Registration Form
How to Register
TEL : (02) 64699615
FAX : (02) 64695190
Email : eem@pacific.net.sg
Fee & Payment : S’pore
M’sia
Individual Fee
S$ 1,098 RM 1,990
Group for 3 or more delegates S$ 998 RM 1,790
Fee includes tuition, training materials, lunch, morning/
afternoon refreshments and certificate of completion.
For Singapore Course : Please made payment in S$ to
“EEM Advancement Centre Pte Ltd”
For Malaysia Course : Please made payment in RM to
“CPD Advancement Centre”.
Mail complete registration with appropriate payment to:
EEM Advancement Centre Pte Ltd, 170 Upper Bukit Timah
Road, #18-01 Bukit Timah Shopping Centre, Singapore
588179.
Protection of Industrial Power Systems
 22 - 23 August 2012 @ York Hotel Singapore
 27 - 28 August 2012 @ Hotel Royal Kuala Lumpur
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Cancellation & Refunds : You may cancel your registration up
to two weeks before the course and your registration fee will be
refunded in full. If you need to cancel less than two weeks prior
to the course, you (1) may send a substitute, (2) will be liable for
10% of the fee. Confirmed registrants who fail to attend and do not
cancel their registrations in advance are liable for the entire fee.
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courses without prior notice.
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