NPGA Annual Meeting
January 22, 2013
Kevin McPhee
Associate Professor, NDSU
Department of Plant Sciences
 Plant
breeding basics
 Principles
 Objectives
 Methods
 Results
for achieving objectives
from 2012 yield trials
• 1251E, 1251T, 1252
 What
we see – Phenotype
1.
Results from genetic potential – genes
2.
Modified by the environment
3.
Interaction of genes with environment
 Genetic variation
• High yielding
• Disease resistance
• Superior quality traits
 Recombination
• Methods to combine desired traits from
contrasting parents (high yield with high quality)
 Selection
• Methods that will discriminate among desired
and undesired types
 Increased
seed yield
 Food quality traits
 Disease
resistance
• Ascochtya blight
• Appearance
• Powdery mildew
• Cooking
• Sclerotinia white mold
• Protein
• Fusarium wilt
• Mineral nutrients
• Fusarium root rot
 Agronomic
performance
• Shatter resistance
• Lodging resistance
• Viruses
• Anthracnose
• Stemphylium blight
• Bacterial blight
 Existing
 Public
varieties
breeding programs (USDA-ARS)
 Germplasm
accessions (USDA, ICARDA,
ICRISAT)
 International
breeding
programs/exchanges
Parent A
High Yield
Resistant to Stemphylium Blight
Plump Seed
Susceptible to Anthracnose
Light Red Cotyledon Color
Short Plant Height
X
F1
Parent B
Low Yield
Susc. to Stemphylium Blight
Flat Seed
Resistant to Anthracnose
Dark Red Cotyledon Color
Tall Plant Height
 Hand
pollinations
 Crosses
in GH and
field
 Grow
F1 to produce
the greatest number
of F2
 Self-
pollinating
 Make cross
before the
flowers open
 Flowers are
small
 Agronomic
 Disease
 Quality
 Yield
evaluations
nurseries/screening
assessments
evaluations
 Alive
or Dead
 Presence or absence
Average
Increasing Values
 Range
 Art
of resistance/yield values
is knowing where to make selection
 Minimizing
environmental influence
 Ascochyta
blight – chickpea (2-3 major
genes) QTL
 Ascochyta blight – lentil (AbR1) QTL
 Anthracnose (LCt1, LCt2) QTL
 Powdery mildew (er1, er2, Er3) simple
inheritance
 Root rots (many genes) QTL
 Fusarium wilt (Fw, Fnw) simple
inheritance
 Virus (En, sbm-1, lr) simple inheritance
 North
Central REC
 Williston REC
 Hettinger REC
 Langdon REC
 Carrington REC
 NPGA
 NDSU
 Shana
Pederson
 Deven Styczynski
 Danielle Fiebelkorn
 Dana Beckedahl
 Kayla Graber
 Allison Walter
 Axel Morales
 Angela Christopher
 Many
others not
named individually