Advanced Science and Technology Letters
Vol.66 (Networking and Communication 2014), pp.20-23
http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2014.66.06
Enhanced Power Delivery Architecture for Electric
Vehicles
Juyong Lee1, Jihoon Lee1, Young-gon Choi2, Bryan Kisoo Chang2,
and Chun-Su Park3
1
Dept. of Information and Telecommunication Engineering, Sangmyung University,
Cheonan, Korea
2
GloQuad Co.,Ltd. Korea
3
Dep. Digital Contents, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
juyonglee0208@gmail.com, vincent@smu.ac.kr, choi.yg@gloquad.com,
kschang@gloquad.com, cspark@sejong.ac.kr
Abstract. The electric vehicle (EV) is expected to be a next transportation unit
because of the depletion of fossil fuels and increased environmental pollution.
Therefore, the charging infrastructure is important for the efficient energy use.
Especially the electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) is the key component
in EV charging infrastructure because it acts as the direct interface between
power grid network and EV. But, the existing EVSE has a problem that cannot
guarantee the charging of the EV if the power status is not good. So, this paper
proposes the efficient power delivery architecture for EV using a battery station.
Keywords: EVSE Control System, EVSE with Battery, Battery Management
Systems, Electric Vehicles, Power Delivery Architecture
1
Introduction
The electric vehicles have emerged as a new alternative transportation due to the
depletion of fossil fuels and increased environmental pollution [1, 2]. For EV
commercialization, the charging infrastructure is important. In addition, appropriate
communication between among (power grid system & management, EV and EVSE)
is required to provide efficient power delivery. Especially EVSEs are the key factor in
EV charging systems because it conducts the following features: driver’s ID
authentication, charging state monitoring, billing, and so on. But, the existing EVSE
cannot guarantee the charging efficiency of the EV if the power status is not good.
Therefore there are many research works for the enhanced power delivery architecture
to solve these problems. So, this paper proposes enhanced power delivery architecture
that is composed of enhanced electric vehicle supply equipment (eEVSE) using
battery cells and battery station management center (BSMC).
ISSN: 2287-1233 ASTL
Copyright © 2014 SERSC
Advanced Science and Technology Letters
Vol.66 (Networking and Communication 2014)
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2.1
Related works
Basic operation of the existing EVSE
The charging process between the EV and the EVSE can be categorized into plug-in,
authorization, power request, payment, charging cycles, and so on. Figure 1 shows an
overview of the communication between the EVSE and the EV. When the EV is
connected to the EVSE for charging, the EV sends charging request to the EVSE. The
EVSE request ID to the EV for the performance of the authentication process. In
return the EVSE notifies the EV about the success of the authorization. Once the
authentication process ends, EVSE requests EV’s battery information and the state of
charge (SOC) information in turn.
Fig. 1. Overview of the communication between EVSE and EV
The EVSE sends to EV the SOC information (i.e. available power) that acquired by
communication with the smart grid. The driver sends to the EVSE by selecting the
required charging power based on power information received from the smart grid,
and then charging is started. Meanwhile, EVSE regularly sends price information and
the SOC information to the EV during charging. Moreover, when EV charging is
complete, EVSE sends to the EV the information that charging is completed.
However, the existing EV has the limitation when the energy delivery status is under
the normal status. So, this paper targets on the stable charging efficiency for EV
against various cases.
Copyright © 2014 SERSC
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Advanced Science and Technology Letters
Vol.66 (Networking and Communication 2014)
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3.1
The proposed enhanced power delivery architecture
Construction of enhanced power delivery architecture
The proposed enhanced power delivery architecture is composed of battery embedded
EVSE and battery station management center (BSMC). The battery embedded EVSE
is named as enhanced EVSE (eEVSE). Since eEVSE is embedded with a battery, it
can charge the EV using its stored battery if the power status of power provider is not
good. In addition, BSMC looks like a server which manages the battery of eEVSE
and power status of power provider.
3.2
Operation of enhanced power delivery architecture
Fig. 2. Overview of enhanced power delivery architecture’s operation
As shown in figure 2, the key concept of the proposed architecture is to determine an
efficient way to provide power by using the communication between eEVSE and
BSMC. eEVSE transfer its own status of battery station to BSMC to determine an
efficient way to deliver power. After recognizing the status of battery station, BSMC
confirm the power status of provider to determine how to charge the battery. BSMC
informs eEVSE of an efficient charging way considering the power status of provider
and the battery station of eEVSE. In other words, BSMC determine whether the EV is
charged using either charge using the battery of eEVSE or the power of provider
through the comparison of the power status of provider with the battery station of
eEVSE. In addition, BSMC allows efficient power supply to perform a function
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Copyright © 2014 SERSC
Advanced Science and Technology Letters
Vol.66 (Networking and Communication 2014)
called remote energy delivery which delivers stored power in battery station of
eEVSE in good power supply to the eEVSE meeting the required energy. So BSMC
can maximize the effect of power deliver in EV power grid systems.
4
Conclusion and Future works
The proposed enhanced power delivery architecture is operated by using battery
embedded eEVSE and BSMC. The existing system uses a static charging method
dependent on the power status of provider. Meanwhile, the proposed architecture
provides an efficient power supply system through a dynamic charging scheme by
power monitoring technique like transferring the power in battery station of lessloading eEVSE when the specific eEVSE is overloaded. Future work is required to
apply the proposed structure to practical charging environment for the practical
analysis.
Acknowledgement. This work (Grants No.C0150639) was supported by
Business for Cooperative R&D between Industry, Academy, and Research Institute
funded Korea Small and Medium Business Administration in 2014.
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