fischer Test Report
Fixing Tests for
Hemelite, Topcrete & Toplite blocks
Testing for Topblock
1. Introduction
Test Parameters
Block Information
2. Fixing Products Tested
fischer SX Plug
fischer FU Universal Fixing
fischer UX Universal Fixing
fischer Nylon M Unit
fischer SHR Frame fixing
fischer FUR Universal Frame fixing
fischer SXS Long Shaft fixings
fischer FFS Self Tapping Screw
fischer FSA Sleeve Anchor
fischer FHY Hollow Ceiling Anchor
fischer FISV Injection Resin with FISH N Net and Steel Threaded Rod
fischer PBB Injection Anchor
Fischer
Fischer
Fischer
Fischer
FNH Nail Sleeve
FMD Metal Expansion Fixing
FTP Aircrete Anchor
DHM Metal Insulation Support
3. Test Results
Hemelite 100mm Solid 3.5N/mm2
Hemelite 100 Solid 7.0N/mm2
Hemelite 140mm Cellular 3.5N/mm2
Topcrete 100mm Solid 7.0N/mm2
Topcrete 140mm Cellular 7.0N/mm2
Toplite 100mm Standard 3.5N/mm2
Toplite 100mm GTI 2.8N/mm2
Toplite 100mm ‘7’ 7.0N/mm2
4. Results Summary
5. Conclusion
1.1 Test Parameters
Various fixings were tested into Topblock building products ranging from 3.5N/mm2
Cellular to 7.0N/mm2 solid blocks.
The fixings were installed and tested in to individual blocks and not in a wall
configuration. Both the solid and cellular blocks are manufactured using natural class
1 aggregates to comply with BS6073 part 1. The face size ranges from 215x440mm
and a thickness of 100mm to 215x440mm and 140mm thick.
The tests were carried out at:
fischer fixings UK Ltd
Whitely Road
Hithercroft Ind Est
Wallingford
Oxon OX10 9AT
All tests were carried out using a calibrated 20kN Hydrajaws tensile tester. To
conform to the CFA (Construction Fixing Association) guidelines six separate tests
were carried out on each type of fixing.
1.2 Block Information
Hemelite Standard: Hemelite Standard are lightweight
blocks suitable for construction of walls above and below
ground and for beam and block floor systems. They have a
proven high level of technical performance and provide a
strong background for the application of surface finishes
and fixings.
Material Properties:
- Manufactured to BS EN 771-3, tolerance category D1
- Average compressive strength:
Solid 3.6, 7.3 and 10.4N/mm2
Cellular or hollow 3.6N/mm2
-
Dry Density
Solid, cellular or hollow 3.6N/mm2
Solid 7.3N/mm2-1450kg/m3
Solid 10.4N/mm2-1520kg/m3
-
Thermal Conductivity (at 3% moisture content):
Solid, cellular or hollow 3.6N/mm2 – 0.45W/mK
Solid 7.3N/mm2 -0.47W/mK
Solid 10.4N/mm2 – 0.49W/mK
-
Moisture movement: <0.80mm/m
Block Size: 440mm long x75-215mm (Various Widths) x215mm high
Topcrete Standard: These dense blocks are perfect for
bulding walls above and below ground, as well as for
beam and block floor systems. They’re really durable and
have excellent load bearing and sound insulation
properties, as well as low movement characteristics.
They are ideal for finishing with render, cladding, plaster
and dry lining.
Material Properties:
- Manufactured to BS EN 771-3, Tolerance Category D1
- Average compressive strength:
Solid 7.3, 10.4, 17.5 and 22.5N/mm2
Cellular or hollow 3.6, 7.3 and 10.4N/mm2
-
Dry density: 1900-2000kg/m3
Thermal conductivity (at 3% moisture content): 1.28N/mm3
Moisture movement: <0.5mm/m
Block size: 440mm long x75-215mm (various widths) x215mm high
Toplite Standard: This is a great general-purpose wall
product ideal for everything from inner leaves and solid
walls to internal partitions and walls below DPC. It is also
recommended for separating walls, including ones
conforming to Robust Details E-WM-6. Below ground, you
can use Toplite Standard in sulfate soil conditions not
exceeding DS-3.
Material Properties:
- Manufactured to BS EN 771-4
- Average compressive strength: 3.6N/mm2
- Dry density: 630kg/m3
- Thermal conductivity (at 3% moisture content): 0.5W/mK
- Reaction to fire: Class A1
- Typical air tightness: 100mm blocks – all grades, no finish 0.12m3 /(h.m2) at
50PA
- Block size: 440mm long x 75-300mm (various widths) x 215mm high
Toplite GTI: These blocks are mainly used for the inner leaf
of cavity walls or for solid external walls that are clad or
rendered. You can also use them below ground as the inner
leaf of cavity walls or internal walls, in sulfate conditions not
exceeding DS-1.
Material Properties:
- Manufactured to BS EN 771-4
- Average compressive strength: 2.9N/mm2
- Dry density: 460kg/m3
- Thermal conductivity (at 3% content): 0.11W/mK
- Reaction of fire: Class A1
- Typical air tightness: 100mm blocks – all grades, no finish 0.12m3 (h.m2) at 50
PA
- Block size: 440mm long x 100-265mm (various widths) x 215mm high
2. Fixings Products Tested
2.1 fischer SX Plug
Material:
Plug:
Screw:
Range:
4-16mm
Nylon (Polyamide 6)
Metal Grade 5.8
The fischer SX Plug has a four-way expansion section compared to conventional
two-way expansion plugs. This unique four-way expansion gives a greater load
capacity, as the surface area in contact with the substrate is much greater than with
standard plugs. Therefore, the SX plug is designed for both solid and hollow building
materials.
Not only can the SX be installed as a flush fixing, but it can also be installed as a
through fixing due to its retaining collar and ‘knock in’ lock effect just below the collar.
This prevents the plug from expanding prematurely when the plug and screw are
being hammered through the fixture towards the surface of the building material.
2.2 fischer FU Universal Fixing
Material:
Plug:
Screw:
Range:
6-10mm
Nylon (Polyamide 6)
Metal Grade 5.8
The fischer universal fixing FU is suitable for concrete, solid brick, perforated brick,
hollow brick, aerated concrete, plasterboard and other board materials thicker than
6mm.
The rim prevents the fixing from falling through when being installed in to a cavity and
it also has a locking tongue to prevent rotation.
2.3 fischer UX Universal Plug
Material:
Plug:
Screw:
Range:
6-14mm
Nylon (Polyamide 6)
Metal Grade 5.8
The fischer UX sets a new standard for universal fixing. Its innovation design features
ensure problem free and easy handling when installing and tightening. A fixing which
is tough and durable, with improved installation features in board materials. The
universal fixings ‘draws’ (i.e. It give a s good continuous increase in torque).
This fixing expands im solid materials and forms a reliable knot formation in all
cavities. Use the UX6 long version with the fisher spacing screws for maximum loadbearing capacity in perforated materials, double skinned plasterboard and for
bridging non load-bearing layers.
2.4 fischer M Unit
Material:
Plug:
Range:
5-16mm
Nylon (Polyamide 6)
The fischer M Unit is a glass reinforced nylon expansion anchor with an integral
internally threaded brass cone. The M Unit expands like a conventional wall bolt but
due to the walls of the M Unit being glass reinforced nylon; the expansion forces are
less aggressive preventing the substrate from crushing during installation. The glass
reinforced nylon also reduces noise caused by vibration of pipes, for mechanical and
electrical applications.
2.5 fischer S-H-R Frame Fixing
Material:
Plug:
Nylon (Polyamide 6)
Screw: Metal Grade 5.8
Range:
8-14mm
The S-H-R frame fixing operates in the more common two- way expansion, but due
to the longer expansion section a deeper embedment depth is used increasing the
load bearing capability in hollow and softer substrates.
The S-H-R frame fixings has an ancillary tool known as GBS hole punch. The GBS
has been specifically designed for aircrete substrates. The hole punch has an SDS
drive adaptor, so it can be used with a hammer drill and the anti-rotational chuck
prevents any rotational movement allowing the GBS hole punch to vibrate its way
through the block. This in turn compresses the excavated material against the walls,
resulting in the walls of the hole being more dense and therefore more suitable for
fixing into.
2.6 fischer FUR Universal Frame Fixing
Material:
Plug:
Screw:
Range:
8-14mm
Nylon (Polyamide 6)
Steel
The fischer FUR frame fixing sets a new standard fro frame fixings. Its innovative
expansion section results in the FUR being suitable for virtually all construction
materials with high loads and optimum reliability. Anchorage in solid materials is by
friction locking. The close-set teeth provide ideal expansion and form load in hollow
materials.
2.7 fischer SXS Long Shaft Fixing
Material:
Plug:
Nylon (Polyamide 6)
Screw: Metal Grade 5.8
Range:
8-10mm
The fischer SXS frame fixing with CONA screw. The CONA screw makes the SXS
economic as it allows high permissible loads and bending moments which reduces
the amount of necessary fixings. All the fixings come with preinstalled screws. The
integral hammer-in stop prevents the fixing from expanding prematurely during
installation. The SXS-F US version does not require additional washers and prevents
contact corrosion. The SXS achieves four way expansion, a previously unequalled
hold force in solid construction material at an anchorage depth of only 50mm.
2.8 fischer FFS Self Tapping Screw
Material:
Screw:
Hardened Steel
Range:
7.5mm by various lengths
The fischer FFS allows a stress free ‘through fixing’ into most substrates. A predrilled 6mm hole is require into the concrete, the FFS is then driven into the substrate
with ease this is due to the tapered lead-in thread which has a smooth hardened
screw surface and slim thread pitch. The minimum embedment depth into concrete is
20mm, which is perfect when fixing into pre-cast Hollow core units, as the web
thickness is 30mm.
The FFS has many advantages over other fixings:
Drill hole diameter is only 6mm
Installation using a machine with Torx 30 bit is very quick
Immediate loading
Through fixing, easy for numerous fixing points i.e. battens or insulation
Cover caps available for aesthetic finish
2.9 fischer FSA Sleeve Anchor
Material:
Metal, Zinc Plated Passivated
Range:
M4.5-M16
The fischer sleeve anchor FSA is a torque controlled expanding steel anchor for all
through fixings for light and medium loads. Unlike ordinary sleeve anchors, the
geometry of the expansion sleeve and the cone has been improved and the
combined effect of these two functions optimized. This guarantees full expansion in
all cases, thus providing safety and reliability.
The half moon shaped recesses stamped in the sleeve effect contraction in length
when tightened. This clamps the item being attached firmly against the concrete.
FSA-S version is available with sophisticated design which means no protruding
thread after the installation.
2.10 fischer FHY Expansion Anchor
Material:
Metal, bright zinc plated or stainless steel
Range:
M6-M10
The fischer FHY Expansion Sleeve Anchor with internal thread specially designed for
anchoring into prestressed concrete hollow ceilings. The taper section has a
continuous internal threat, which permits use with both bolts and threaded rod. The
high expansion capacity of the anchor makes it suitable for both solid and hollow
ceiling slabs with a thickness greater than 25mm. The shield 21mm from the anchor
collar allowing maximum expansion; it is at this point where the anchor is in contact
with the concrete. The shield is divided into for segments so that the load is evenly
distributed onto the walls of the hollow section. It is with these characteristics that the
anchor expands creating friction and form locking.
2.11 fischer FISV 360 S & FISH N Net with Steel
Threaded Rod
Material:
Resin: Vinyl Ester
Rod:
M10 Zinc Plated Grade 5.8
Sleeve: Plastic Frame with Flexible Nylon Netting
Range:
M8-M30
The fischer FISV injection anchor contains a styrene-free, quick setting, high quality
hybrid resin mortar, which is characterized by its universal suitability for many
applications.
Ergonomic injection guns for quick & easy installation. A variety of approvals cover
many applications in nearly all building materials and guarantee maximum safety.
This is the first injection system world wide with approvals for concrete, reinforcement
bars, solid bricks, perforated bricks and aircrete.
This resin can be used solo or in conjunction with an anchor sleeve dependant on
application and substrate. When fully cured this resin produces a foam type locking in
solid material, allowing the application to be a stress free fixing.
2.12 fischer PBB Undercut Anchor
Material:
Cone Drill PBB, Centering Sleeve PBZ and FISV 360 S Resin
Range:
M8-M12
The PBB undercut anchor system is designed specifically for aircrete with the fischer
FISV injection resin system and threaded rod. The special PBB drill produces a
conical hole, which when filled with resin, produces a mechanical interlock which
guarantees maximum load bearing capacity with stress free installation.
In order for the stud to remain central within the hole a plastic centering sleeve is
placed in the month of the conical hole.
3.2 Hemelite 100mm Solid 3.6N/mm2
Fixing
Hole
Dia.
Embedment
Axial
Edge
Average Average
Depth
Spacing Spacing Ultimate
Safe
Load kN Working
Load kN
Remarks
SX 8
8mm
40mm
80mm
80mm
1.40kN
0.20kN
1st Tensile Slip
UX 8
8mm
50mm
80mm
80mm
1.00kN
0.14kN
1st Tensile Slip
FUR
10x80
10mm
70mm
220mm
110mm
5.70kN
0.81kN
1st Tensile Slip
SXS
10x80
10mm
50mm
220mm
110mm
7.75kN
1.11kN
1st Tensile Slip
FU 8
8mm
50mm
80mm
80mm
1.68kN
0.24kN
1st Tensile Slip
FSA M8
10mm
40mm
80mm
80mm
4.33kN
1.08kN
1st Tensile Slip
FISV
360 S
10mm
80mm
220mm
110mm
7.33kN
1.83kN
Concrete Cone
Failure
All of the above fixings were tested in to 100mm deep Hemelite 3.6N/mm2 solid
block. For loading data for other blocks not included into this report please contact
either fischer fixings or Tarmac Topblock technical department.
3.0 Test Results
3.1 Hemelite 100mm Solid 7.3N/mm2
Fixing
Hole
Dia.
Embedment
Axial
Edge
Average Average
Depth
Spacing Spacing Ultimate
Safe
Load kN Working
Load kN
Remarks
SX8 Plug
8mm
40mm
80mm
80mm
5.60kN
0.80kN
1st Tensile Slip
UX8 Plug
8mm
50mm
80mm
80mm
2.30kN
0.33kN
1st Tensile Slip
M8 Unit
16mm
50mm
110mm
110mm
5.16kN
0.73kN
1st Tensile Slip
FUR
10x80
10mm
70mm
220mm
110mm
5.11kN
0.73kN
1st Tensile Slip
SXS
10x80
10mm
50mm
220mm
110mm
6.16kN
0.90kN
1st Tensile Slip
FFS Screw
6mm
40mm
220mm
110mm
5.35kN
1.33kN
1st Tensile Slip
FSA M8
10mm
40mm
220mm
110mm
6.15kN
1.53kN
1st Tensile Slip
FISV 360
S
10mm
80mm
220mm
110mm
8.05kN
2.01kN
Concrete Cone
Failure
All of the above fixings were tested into 100mm deep Hemelite 7.3N/mm2 solid block.
For loading data for other blocks not included into this report please contact either
fischer fixings or Tarmac Topblock technical department.
3.3 Hemelite 140mm Cellular 3.6N/mm2
Fixings
Hole
Dia.
Embedment
Axial
Edge
Average Average
Depth
Spacing Spacing Ultimate
Safe
Load kN Working
Load kN
Remarks
UX 8
8mm
N/A
220mm
110mm
0.74kN
0.10kN
1st Tensile Slip
M8 Unit
16mm
N/A
220mm
110mm
3.96kN
0.56kN
1st Tensile Slip
FFS
Screw
6mm
N/A
220mm
110mm
0.69kN
0.69kN
1st Tensile Slip
FISV 360
S
10mm
N/A
220mm
110mm
1.80kN
1.80kN
Concrete Cone
Failure
All of the above fixings were tested in to 140mm deep Hemelite 3.6N/mm2 solid
block. For loading data for other block not included in to this report please contact
either fischer fixings or Tarmac Topblock technical department.
3.4 Topcrete 100mm Solid 7.3N/mm2
Fixings
Hole
Dia.
Embedment
Axial
Edge
Average Average
Depth
Spacing Spacing Ultimate
Safe
Load kN Working
Load kN
Remark
SX8
8mm
40mm
80mm
80mm
1.58kN
0.23kN
1st Tensile Slip
UX8
8mm
40mm
80mm
80mm
0.73kN
0.11kN
1st Tensile Slip
FUR
10x80
10mm
70mm
220mm
110mm
6.75kN
0.96kN
1st Tensile Slip
SXS
10x80
10mm
50mm
220mm
110mm
8.58kN
1.23kN
1st Tensile Slip
FU8
8mm
50mm
80mm
80mm
1.42kN
0.20kN
1st Tensile Slip
FSA M8
10mm
50mm
220mm
110mm
6.16kN
1.54kN
1st Tensile Slip
FISV 360
S
10mm
N/A
220mm
110mm
7.32kN
1.83
Concrete
Cone Failure
All of the above fixings were tested in to 100mm deep Topcrete 7.3N/mm2 solid
block. For loading data for other blocks not included into this report please contact
either fischer fixings or Tarmac Topblock technical department.
3.5 Topcrete 140mm Cellular 7.3N/mm2
Fixings
Hole
Dia.
Embedment
Axial
Edge
Average Average
Depth
Spacing Spacing Ultimate
Safe
Load kN Working
Load kN
Remarks
FHY M8
12mm
N/A
220mm
110mm
3.83kN
0.96kN
1st Tensile Slip
M8 Unit
16mm
N/A
220mm
110mm
4.00kN
1.00kN
Concrete Cone
Failure
FISV 360
S
18mm
N/A
220mm
100mm
6.88kN
1.72kN
Concrete Cone
Failure
All of the above fixings were tested into 140mm deep Topcrete 7.3N/mm2 cellular
blocks. For loading data for other blocks not included into this report please contact
either fischer fixings or Tarmac Topblock technical department.
3.6 Toplite 100mm Standard 3.6N/mm2
Fixings
Hole
Dia.
Embedment
Axial
Edge
Average Average
Depth
Spacing Spacing Ultimate
Safe
Load kN Working
Load kN
Remarks
SX8
8mm
40mm
100mm
60mm
1.57kN
0.22kN
1st Tensile Slip
UX8
8mm
50mm
130mm
60mm
0.53kN
0.08kN
1st Tensile Slip
FUR
10x80
10mm
70mm
220mm
110mm
2.15kN
0.31kN
1st Tensile Slip
GB 8
10mm
N/A
220mm
110mm
2.17kN
0.31kN
1st Tensile Slip
FTP M8
8mm
N/A
220mm
110mm
0.88kN
0.22kN
1st Tensile Slip*
FISV 360
S + PBB
10mm
80mm
220mm
110mm
7.38kN
1.84kN
Concrete Cone
Failure
FNH 6/60
6
70
210
110
0.51
0.13
1st Tensile Slip
FMD 6x32
-
40
120
110
2.27
0.56
1st Tensile Slip
FTP M6
8
50
150
75
2.18
0.54
1st Tensile Slip
DHM
8
50
150
75
0.76
0.19
1st Tensile Slip
* Two out of the six fixings failed upon installation.
All of the above fixings were tested into 100mm deep Toplite 3.6N/mm2 standard
blocks. For loading data for other blocks not included in this report please contact
either fischer fixings or Tarmac Topblock technical department.
3.7 Toplite 100mm GTI 2.8N/mm2
Fixings
Hole
Dia.
Embedment
Axial
Edge
Average Average
Depth
Spacing Spacing Ultimate
Safe
Load kN Working
Load kN
Remarks
SX8
8mm
40mm
100mm
60mm
0.38kN
0.06kN
1st Tensile Slip
UX8
8mm
50mm
130mm
60mm
0.53kN
0.08kN
1st Tensile Slip
FUR
10x80
10mm
70mm
220mm
150mm
1.53kN
0.22kN
1st Tensile Slip
GB 10
10mm
N/A
220mm
110mm
1.62kN
0.23kN
1st Tensile Slip
FTP M8
10mm
N/A
0
0
0
0
*
FISV 360
S + PBB
10mm
80mm
220mm
110mm
6.38kN
1.59kN
Concrete Cone
Failure
FNH 6/60
6
70
210
110
0.23
0.06
1st Tensile Slip
FMD 6x32
-
40
120
110
1.20
0.30
1st Tensile Slip
FTP M6
8
50
150
75
1.40
0.35
1st Tensile Slip
DHM
8
50
150
75
0.69
0.17
1st Tensile Slip
* Product would not install properly in to this particular block.
All of the above fixings were tested in to 100mm deep Toplite GTI 2.8N/mm2 blocks.
For loading data for other blocks not included in this report please contact either
fischer fixings or Tarmac Topblock technical department.
3.8 Toplite 140mm ‘7’ 7.3N/mm
Fixings
Hole
Dia.
Embedment
Axial
Edge
Average Average
Depth
Spacing Spacing Ultimate
Safe
Load kN Working
Load kN
Remarks
SX8
8mm
40mm
130mm
80mm
1.98kN
0.28kN
1st Tensile Slip
UX8
8mm
50mm
130mm
80mm
1.00kN
0.15kN
1st Tensile Slip
FUR 10x80
10mm
70mm
220mm
110mm
2.99kN
0.43kN
1st Tensile Slip
GB 10
10mm
N/A
220mm
110mm
2.52kN
0.36kN
1st Tensile Slip
FTP M8
8mm
N/A
220mm
110mm
0.10kN
0.03kN
*
FISV 360 S
+ PBB
10mm
80mm
220mm
110mm
7.38kN
1.84kN
Concrete Failure
FNH 6/60
6
70
210
110
0.85
0.21
1st Tensile Slip
FMD 6x32
-
40
120
110
4.45
1.11
1st Tensile Slip
* Product would not install properly into this block.
All of the above fixings were tested in to 140mm deep Toplite ‘7’ 7.0N/mm solid
block. For loading data for other blocks not included in this report please contact
either fischer fixings or Tarmac Topblock technical department.
4. Results Summery
The tables below show the safe working loads of all the fixings tested into the
Topblock range of blocks.
Products Tested
SX 8
UX 8
FUR 10x80
SXS 10x80
FU 8
FSA 10
FISV 360 S M8
Products Tested
SX 8
UX 8
M8 Unit
FUR 10x80
SXS 10x80
FFS
FSA 10
FISV 360 S M8
Products Tested
UX 8
M8 Unit
FFS
FISV 360 S M8
Products Tested
SX 8
UX 8
FUR 10x80
SXS 10x80
FU 8
FSA 10
FISV 360 S M8
Hemelite 100mm Solid 3.6N/mm2
Average Ultimate
Safe Working
Load
Load
1.40kN
0.20kN
1.00kN
0.14kN
5.70kN
0.81kN
7.75kN
1.11kN
1.68kN
0.24kN
4.33kN
1.08kN
7.33kN
1.83kN
Characteristic
Axial Spacing
80mm
80mm
110mm
110mm
80mm
220mm
220mm
Hemelite 100mm Solid 7.3/mm2
Average Ultimate
Safe Working
Load
Load
5.60kN
0.80kN
2.30kN
0.33kN
5.16kN
0.73kN
5.11kN
0.73kN
6.16kN
0.90kN
5.35kN
1.33kN
6.15kN
1.53kN
8.05kN
2.01kN
Characteristic
Axial Spacing
80mm
80mm
220mm
110mm
110mm
110mm
220mm
220mm
Hemelite 100mm Cellular 3.6N/mm2
Average Ultimate
Safe Working
Load
Load
0.74kN
0.10kN
3.96kN
0.56kN
2.71kN
0.69kN
7.20kN
1.80kN
Characteristic
Axial Spacing
80mm
220mm
110mm
220mm
Topcrete 100mm Solid 7.3N/mm2
Average Ultimate
Safe Working
Load
Load
1.58kN
0.23kN
0.73kN
0.11kN
6.75kN
0.96kN
8.58kN
1.23kN
1.42kN
0.20kN
6.16kN
1.54kN
7.32kN
1.83kN
Characteristic
Axial Spacing
80mm
80mm
110mm
110mm
80mm
220mm
220mm
Products Tested
FHY M8
M8 Unit
FISV 360 S M12
Product Tested
SX 8
UX 8
FUR 10x80
GB 10
FTP M8
FISV 360 S M8
FNH 6/60
FMD 6x32
FTP M6
DHM
Products Tested
SX 8
UX 8
FUR 10x80
GB 10
FTP M8
FISV 360 S M8
FNH 6/60
FMD 6x32
FTP M6
DHM
Products Tested
SX 8
UX 8
FUR 10x80
GB 10
FTP M8
FISV 360 S M8
FNH 6/60
FMD 6x32
Topcrete 140mm Cellular 7.3N/mm2
Average Ultimate
Safe Working
Load
Load
3.83kN
0.96kN
4.00kN
1.00kN
6.88kN
1.72kN
Characteristic
Axial Spacing
220mm
220mm
220mm
Toplite 100mm Standard 3.6N/mm2
Average Ultimate
Safe Working
Load
Load
1.57kN
0.22kN
0.53kN
0.08kN
2.15kN
0.31kN
2.17kN
0.31kN
0.88kN
0.22kN
7.38kN
1.84kN
0.51kN
0.13kN
2.27kN
0.56kN
2.18kN
0.54kN
0.76kN
0.19kN
Characteristic
Axial Spacing
80mm
80mm
110mm
220mm
220mm
220mm
210mm
120mm
150mm
150mm
Toplite 100mm GTI 2.8N/mm2
Average Ultimate
Safe Working
Load
Load
0.38kN
0.06kN
0.53kN
0.08kN
1.53kN
0.22kN
1.62kN
0.23kN
0.00kN
0.00kN
6.38kN
1.59kN
0.23kN
0.06kN
1.20kN
0.30kN
1.40kN
0.35kN
0.69kN
0.17kN
Characteristic
Axial Spacing
80mm
80mm
110mm
220mm
220mm
210mm
120mm
150mm
150mm
Toplite 140mm ‘7’ 7.3N/mm2
Average Ultimate
Safe Working
Load
Load
1.98kN
0.28kN
1.00kN
0.15kN
2.99kN
0.43kN
2.52kN
0.36kN
0.10kN
0.03kN
7.38kN
1.84kN
0.85kN
0.21kN
4.45kN
1.11kN
Characteristic
Axial Spacing
80mm
80mm
110mm
220mm
220mm
220mm
210mm
120mm
5. Conclusion
A variety of fixings were tested in conjunction with the range, which means this
report provides a comprehensive guide to end users, specifiers and distributors
when selecting a fixing.
The choice of fixing depends on the load requirement, method of installation and
installation environments.
The test results for all the fixings tested show a good variation of ultimate load
performance. This allows the engineer/architect/end user to have a broader range
of fixings to choose from, depending on their individual requirements.
All fixings were installed in accordance with the manufactures guidelines and
tested in a controlled environment.
Failure of the fixings was determined by ultimate load failure or excessive
displacement.
Excessive load displacement is technically a serviceability failure rather than an
ultimate load.
Ultimate load failure was either substrate failure or fixing failure, however these
values were used to ensure conservatism.
Axial spacings vary from fixing to fixing due to their expansion or form locking
characteristics; axial spacings given in the test report should be used as a guide
only.
It is in our opinion that the characteristic axial spacing should be three times the
anchorage depth; this is to prevent stress interference between adjacent fixings.
For further information regarding this test report please contact the technical
department on 01491 827920.