Community Safety Bureau
School Security
Booklet
Selecting the Measures
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Introduction: 1.1 The Local Education Authority and the Leicestershire Constabulary Community
Safety Bureau are working together looking at security and personal safety in
educational premises. As part of this partnership, security surveys have been
undertaken in a large number of schools throughout Leicester, Leicestershire &
Rutland.
1.2 This booklet has now been completed as a result of this work. Whilst it is
acknowledged that no two schools are identical and that the design of the
buildings and the lay out of the site will differ from school to school, many of the
issues revolving around security are generic.
1.3 Criminals have nearly always seen schools as a soft target. Most schools were
built many years ago at a time when security would not have been seen as a
briefing issue. Indeed a number of schools were originally built in the thirties
and fifties as temporary schools with a ten-year life span. Some are still in use
today, but because of the design and the materials used in their construction,
they incorporate additional areas of vulnerability. All these features coupled with
frequent and long holidays add to the vulnerability of schools to criminal attack.
1.4 Good security management is about being proactive rather than reactive and
prevention rather than detection. This must be borne in mind when planning
your school's security. Crime against schools falls mainly into the following
categories :
•
Theft by insiders (pupils, staff);
•
Vandalism by insiders (mainly pupils);
•
Theft & vandalism by outsiders connected to the school (pupils
relatives, old pupils);
•
Theft & vandalism by other outsiders (local gangs);
•
Arson;
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Contents;
1.
Introduction…..………………………………… ………………………
1
2.
Outline …………………………………………… ………………………
3
3.
School Security Risk Assessment – The Approach………………….
4
4.
Health & Safety Risk Management Policy ……………………………
4
5.
Perimeter fencing considerations ……………………………………..
5
6.
Car parking and cycle security …………………………………………
6
7.
Landscaping / Defensible Planting .……………………………………
6
8.
Directional and Warning Signs …………………………………………
7
9.
Security Lighting …………………………………………………………
7
10. Closed Circuit Television Systems (“CCTV”) …………………………
8
11. Protecting the school roof …..…………………………………………..
10
12. Windows and External Doors …………………………………………..
11
13. Intruder Alarm ……………………………………………………………
12
14. School Office / Reception – Access Control ………………………….
13
15. Daytime security of vulnerable offices / rooms ………………………
13
16. Secure Store / “IT” Suite ……………………………………………….
14
17. Computer Security ………………………………………………………
15
18. Computer Projectors ……………………………………………..…….
16
19. Property Marking ………………………………….…………………….
17
20. Good Neighbour Scheme ……………………………….…………….
18
21. Conclusion & Bibliography ……………………………….……………
19
•
Appendix “A” = CCTV Good Practice Guidelines ……….………..…
20
•
Appendix “B” = CCTV & Video Evidence ………………….…………
23
•
Appendix “C” = Intruder Alarm Advice …….……………….…………
28
•
Appendix “D” = Section 547 Education Act 1996 …….…….……..…
29
•
Appendix “E” = Occupiers Liability Act 1984 and
Section 164 Highways Act 1980 ……….……………
30
Appendix “F” = Security / Assessment Questionnaire ……………….
31
•
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Outline: 2.1 This booklet is intended only as a guide to school security and to compliment
the documents issued by the Department for Education and Skills on School
Security and the Management of School Premises. Further information can be
found on the Internet at www.dfes.gov.uk/schoolsecurity.
The recommendations are made in good faith. The suggestions contained
in this booklet are proven deterrents. They do not in themselves form any
part of a guarantee that you will not become the victim of crime in the future
or that further offences will not take place, but they reduce the laws of
probability by enhancing your security and thus also reducing the “fear of
crime”.
2.2 School security is ever changing and needs to be kept under constant
review, with vulnerable areas identified and remedial actions implemented to
address them, “Neglect is infectious”.
2.3 One of the main objectives of this booklet is to bring the issue of security within
the school environment to the forefront and offer you advice which is cost
commensurate to the risks, realistically achievable and suitable for purpose
having taking account of local conditions.
A well-managed and maintained school will convey a sense of
security.
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School Security Risk Assessment – The Approach;
3.1 In looking at the security of your school you should start at the perimeter (site
boundary) and work your way in (internal security) recognising areas of concern
and identifying potential measures which could be implemented to address
these. This is known as the onion peeling approach. The layout of this booklet
follows this line.
3.2 Good access control measures should be prioritised for daytime security of the
school and the personal safety of all users. Such control displays that of a wellmanaged and maintained environment in which security is a significant
consideration in the day to day running of the school.
3.3 Designing out Crime and other anti social behaviour from the school
environment out of hours, will require a much more holistic approach, combining
both physical and electronic measures with passive, natural or formal
surveillance methods and other fundamental and intrinsic crime prevention
techniques.
3.4 Please see Appendix “A” for a copy of a Security / Risk Assessment
Questionnaire which you could fill out as a precursor to the drafting of a school
security policy.
Health & Safety Risk Management Policy: 4.1 All schools should have appropriate security measures in place. Security is not
just about choosing the right control measures, it is an attitude of mind. Security
measures are tools and should be treated as such. To ensure the support of
staff, it is helpful if they are involved in the planning of security measures. All
school staff, teaching and non-teaching should be familiar with security
procedures.
4.2 Security and personal safety should be dealt with from a Risk Management
point of view, i.e. taking steps to reduce the likelihood of loss or damage to the
school or injury to staff and pupils. It could be included within a combined
Health and Safety plan/policy for the school and be an agenda item for
School Governors and P.T.A. meetings, even if it is not intended to discuss
specific security issues.
4.3 The risks to schools are dynamic and need to be kept under constant review.
A Risk Management Team should meet, at least on a monthly basis to discuss
issues of security and safety and take the necessary steps to implement
remedial actions to address any concerns. Its membership should include
representatives from all levels of the school, including teaching and non
teaching plus the site supervisor.
4.4 This would provide for a balanced view from all those responsible for the secure
well being of the school. Limited funding from within school budgets should be
allocated, whilst at the same time members of the R.M.T. would be tasked with
identifying and applying where appropriate for funding from outside agencies
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i.e. sponsorship, extra money from government or local authority for school
security.
A)
External Environment – recommendations
Perimeter fencing considerations;
5.1 The main vehicular and pedestrian approaches should ideally be overlooked by
the school office/reception. Separate secondary entrances around the perimeter
for pedestrians are commonplace, but to increase security they should be
opened only at peak arrival and departure times. Appropriately worded signs
should be displayed indicating opening times and directing callers to the school
office at all other times.
•
It is important that the public knows the extent of the school grounds.
The following is an extract from the 1996 DFEE publication "Improving
Security in Schools."
•
Security fencing:The purpose of security fencing is to prevent intrusion. A 1.8 - 2m high
fence usually deters the casual intruder and dog walkers. To deny access
to determined intruders the fence must present a formidable obstacle, at
least 2.5m high and be able to withstand a high level of physical attack. In
very high-risk schools, 3 - 3.5m may be needed.
Fencing of this type is typically palisade or weld-mesh and usually requires
planning permission. To be effective it must be continuous and all gates
must offer the same protection as the main fence line. The long perimeters
of many schools make it a very expensive option.
•
Fencing inner area:A cheaper alternative is its use to enclose an inner perimeter, or to close off
recesses, altogether with an increase in the security of the building
envelope, whilst maintaining means of escape in the event of fire. This can
be just as effective as completely encircling the school boundary. Fencing
needs to be inspected to check for breaching, e.g. by digging underneath or
other damage.
Additional comments and recommendations: 5.1.1 In addition to the above, it is recommended that you should consider the
following points before commissioning the erection of any fencing.
5.1.2 Grey galvanised palisade fencing is not recommended as it exudes an
oppressive atmosphere and is not in keeping with the ambience of a
school. This type of fencing also has a number of inherent weaknesses
and needs to be properly and professionally installed.
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• You will frequently find gaps at the bottom of gates large enough for a
person to crawl under.
• Additionally unless the aperture allowing access to the locking bolt is
properly protected this can act as a step enabling person to easily
scale the gates. These are some of the issues that you need to
consider.
5.1.3 There are many different styles of metal fencing available that are more
sympathetic to a school environment whilst at the same time providing the
requisite degree of security. Robust weld mesh or paladin panels, powder
coated (coloured) palisade or a vertical bar style (i.e. Heracles) to an
appropriate height commensurate with the risks, should be considered.
Chain link is no more than a boundary marker and is unsuitable for
security.
5.1.4 Fencing needs to be regularly inspected to check for breaching, e.g. by
digging underneath or other damage.
5.2 Should you require further advice on the issue of fencing or details of at least
three companies who would be able to complete such work, please do not
hesitate to contact your Local Crime Reduction Officer. There is no financial
implication in obtaining quotes from such companies.
Car parking and cycle security: 6.1 It is only recently that schools have been designed with realistic levels of car
parking facilities. Most have had to adapt existing space. Everyone parking in
the school grounds should clearly understand that they are responsible for the
security of their vehicle and its contents. However, it is good practice to provide
some vehicle security. This is better located away from play areas, but with
good surveillance opportunities from the school office and/or occupied
classrooms. Lighting for evening and winter use may be necessary.
6.2 Cycle Storage: A secure area with good surveillance opportunities should be
provided for the storage of bicycles.
Landscaping / Defensible Planting;
7.1 The prudent use of hostile/defensible shrubs, bushes or thorny hedgerows such
as berberis, pyracantha or hawthorn can help prevent graffiti and loitering and
can be used to reinforce perimeter fencing as appropriate. Landscaping should
not impede the opportunity for natural surveillance and must avoid the creation
of potential hiding places. It has a less forbidding appearance and can be very
effective.
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7.2 Attention should be given to the location of walls and hedges so that they do not
obscure doors or windows, and the position of trees that may become climbing
aids into property or obscure lights/CCTV cameras.
Directional and Warning Signs: 8.1 The effectiveness of your “School Security Strategy” can be enhanced with
the prominent display of;
A)
Directional signs indicating the location of and the route visitors should
follow to the school reception /office.
B)
Appropriately worded warning signs regarding the presence of an alarm
system, monitored CCTV, trespassing and the fact that all property of
value on the school premises is property marked.
.
8.2 The implementation of such measures will have a deterrent value far
outweighing the expenditure involved. The best results can be achieved by first
considering the size, layout, warning message, and colouring.
8.3 Section 547 Education Act 1996 (Appendix “F”)
Nuisance or Disturbance on school premises: “Any person who without lawful authority is present on school premises
and who causes or permits nuisance or disturbance to the annoyance of
persons who lawfully use those premises (whether or not such persons
are present at the time) is guilty of an offence and liable on summary
conviction to a fine not exceeding £500.”
Rider: - Dogs fouling the school grounds is a health hazard.
8.3.1
A person exercising the power confirmed by section 547 shall be a
police constable or a person authorised by the local authority or, in the
case of aided or special agreement schools, the school governors.
8.3.2
Optimum colouring for such signs would be red and white or
similar contrasting colours.
8.3.3
Trespass signs are available from the LEA.
Security Lighting: -
9.1
All lighting needs should be appraised having consideration not just for security
but also for the Health and Safety of staff, pupils and other users of the school
buildings throughout the year.
9.2
To be successful, security lighting must be reliable and provide adequate
levels of illumination. In addition those areas lit, must be under regular
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surveillance from one or more of the following, otherwise any benefits provided
could be compromised.
•
Neighbouring property or passing traffic;
•
CCTV, in which case infra red (black or non visible light) can be
used;
•
Random/regular Security patrols.
9.3
Lighting units are prone to vandalism and will need to be suitably protected.
Experience has shown that illuminated areas that do not benefit from additional
perimeter protection or surveillance can and do become informal, floodlit play
areas. The “DFEE” Building Bulletin 78 gives more details on security
lighting.
Closed Circuit Television Systems (“CCTV”): -
10.1
In schools where a quality CCTV system has being installed, it has had a
dramatic impact. This is not just restricted to out of hours security but also in
dealing with daytime security and issues of personal safety of pupils, staff and
users of the site. An effective CCTV system is a combination of people,
procedures and equipment.
10.2 “All such strategies should be compliant with “The Data Protection Act
1998”. Under this act the Data Protection Commissioner should be notified
of all CCTV scheme covering areas to which the public have access, whether
by payment or otherwise. System should be suitable for their stated purpose
and operate to a code of practice”.
10.3
In considering CCTV, it is first important to have an Operational Requirement
and be able to specify exactly what it is you want the system to do. There are
different types of CCTV systems on the market, colour or monochrome,
incorporating digital or analogue recording facilities. Outlined below is a
summary of available CCTV. This is by no way definitive as the array of
equipment and its applications can at times even be confusing for those
involved in the industry.
• Monitor only, with visual camera usage only i.e. no recording capacity.
• 24 hour recording facility.
• Fully monitored system with recording and response personnel i.e.
security staff or police.
• Local monitoring in-house (with or with out “PA” facility).
• Central Monitoring in an in-house control room (with or without “PA”
facility).
• Remote monitoring by a security company i.e. “Service Provider” (with or
with out “PA” facility).
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10.4 When looking at the cost implication and the feasibility, it will also be
necessary to consider the quality of the surrounding lighting.
10.5 The evidential value of a system will depend to a large extent on the
attributes of the equipment initially purchased, providing that it is managed and
operated in a proper manner i.e. the lens, recording facility, monitoring,
maintenance and operating practices. If used in the right place, in the right
way, with the right equipment it can be very effective.
10.6 People will budget for the initial outlay and installation, often forgetting
who is going to be responsible for the day-to-day management, maintenance
and monitoring of the system. The annual maintenance and running costs
involved in maintaining the integrity of the system and the value of recorded
data for evidential purposes can soon exceed the initial outlay for the
equipment.
10.7 In addition to fixed cameras covering identified vulnerable areas and
approaches to the school, properly positioned and programmed, colour, pan,
tilt and zoom dome style cameras, housed within vandal resistant casing
should also be considered.
10.8 It is acknowledged that this type of equipment is very expensive and you would
have to install your CCTV in stages, as funding became available over the
coming years. One colour PTZ camera will give you more flexibility and better
coverage than could be achieved using six fixed cameras.
• Such cameras fit neatly into a school environment. They are discreet,
unobtrusive and aesthetically pleasing, providing you with the requisite level
of formal surveillance, security and safety without increasing the perception
or fear of crime amongst visitors or users of the school premises.
10.9 Out of school hours this system could be linked to a remote monitoring station.
The cameras whilst having a programmed patrol are also linked to external
sensors. Once one of these sensors is triggered, the camera will pan around to
that point and the activation alerts the monitoring station. The operator calls up
your site and takes control of the relevant camera. They can then scan the
area and interrogate the system, to see what caused the activation and if
appropriate issue a verbal warning to those on site. A small number of schools
already have such a system and are extremely pleased with the results.
10.10 An important deterrent feature of whichever system you adopt is its visibility.
The prominent display of appropriately worded signs is strongly recommended.
It is also a requirement under the Data Protection Act 1998.
• The optimum colouring for such signs would be red lettering on a white
background or black lettering on an amber/yellow background.
The Data Protection Act 1998
Summary of implications for CCTV;
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• The 1998 Data Protection Act became law on 1st March 2000.
• The definition of data now covers CCTV pictures.
• There must be a legitimate basis for installing CCTV.
• Clear visible signs should be placed in the proximity of cameras so that the
public are aware they are being monitored, and who is responsible for the
monitoring scheme.
• The Data Protection Commissioner must be notified of a system and its
purpose.
• All equipment must be fit for purpose.
• Information must be processed fairly and lawfully, documented, and
retained no longer than necessary.
• Images may only be disclosed if compatible with the purpose of installing
cameras e.g. to police for the prevention or detection of crime and the
offender.
• Individuals who are the subject of stored data images must be allowed
access to them, subject to certain restriction.
“Please see Appendix “B” for additional information on good practice for
CCTV. Should you be considering CCTV and require further information, please
contact your local Crime Reduction Officer on 0116 2222222”.
B).
Building Shell - recommendations
Protecting the school roof & the use of anti-scaling devices
11.1 Nearly all schools are vulnerable in some degree or other to youths climbing.
Much damage is caused to the fabric of the roof by this unauthorised access.
The damage frequently goes unnoticed until it rains and the roof starts to leak
or other ancillary damage is caused to pipes or wiring.
11.2 A number of measures can be adopted by schools, reducing their vulnerability
to this type of negative attention.
• Good perimeter fencing can assist with restricting access to the school site
out of hours. For further information please see paragraphs 5.1-5.3.
Depending on the risk you may wish to consider suitable topping in areas of
greatest vulnerability. Please see paragraphs 8.
• Suitable worded warning signs regarding trespass, the danger of climbing
on roofs and the application of anti-climb paint in vulnerable areas.
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• CCTV as detailed in paragraph 10.1-10.10.
• Defensible hostile planting at ground level. Please see paragraphs 7.1-7.2.
• Designing out of climbing feature.
• Application of anti-climbing paint, or other anti-scaling device i.e. rotating
vane or cacti spikes, crown of thorns or other suitably customised barrier
restricting access.
11.3 Before implementation a risk assessment should be undertaken to ensure the
health and safety of the pupils and other users of the school premises.
11.4 Please see Appendix “E” for additional information regarding the law in
relation to the use of anti scaling devices.
Windows and External Doors;
12.1 The main entrance door to the school should incorporate some degree of
access control such as a remote electronic lock release device incorporating
an intercom and visual verification if this entrance is not overlooked from the
office / reception.
12.2 All windows and doors should be checked and assessed to ensure that the
locking mechanism are in working order, providing you with the appropriate
level of security commensurate to all prevailing risks i.e. they are suitable for
purpose.
12.3 All doors should be of a sufficiently solid nature and adequately secured
against potential break-in.
12.4 Remedial actions should be implemented to address any identified
weaknesses.
12.5
All fire exits doors should be devoid of external door furniture.
12.6 All ground floor or other easily accessible windows above ground floor level
should have suitable key operable locks fitted for additional security.
12.7 Have you considered security bars or grilles particularly for the most
vulnerable windows?
12.8 Consideration should be given to permanently securing windows not required
for ventilation or other health and safety reasons.
12.9 Windows that are frequently the target of malicious acts of vandalism can be a
major drain upon building maintenance budgets. Options to reduce the
incidence of broken windows include:
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•
Keeping yards and grounds free from any material that could be used as
ammunition.
•
Reducing the amount of glazing. Sometimes windowpanes can be
replaced by solid panels without noticeably reducing natural lighting levels.
This will also result in significant energy savings;
•
Use of laminated glass in vulnerable areas.
•
Use of polycarbonate glazing if suitable, in vulnerable areas.
Polycarbonate glazing is not suitable for use as safety glass.
•
Use of adhesive security film.
•
Use of shutters or grills to protect the glazing.
Intruder Alarm: -
13.1 It is accepted that at the time these systems were initially installed, they were
suitable for their intended purpose. However due to numerous ongoing
changes in policy, procedures and equipment over the years the majority of
these systems no longer offer the essential high standard of security now
demanded by schools.
13.2 The deterrent value of the intruder alarm is reduced due to the lacking of
visible external intruder alarm boxes. These are generic issues common to
most schools.
13.3 It is recommended that visible intruder alarm boxes with a company logo and
an “LED” light are erected on all buildings front and rear.
Reason: - Within the school environment a visible alarm system is
preferred. The prominent display on external elevations of alarm boxes
incorporating “LED” (Light Emitting Diodes) lights, with a visible company
logo provides for a better degree of prevention.
13.4 The alarm system needs to be regularly maintained by a suitably qualified
intruder alarm installer. It should have at least one service visit per year.
13.5
The system should cover all areas of the buildings.
13.6 If the alarm system were to be modernised or extended at anytime in the
future, I would strongly recommend that it be connected to the police via a
remote monitoring station as opposed to the council. This would give you a
guaranteed police response to activation’s subject to compliance with the
Association of Chief Police Officers security Systems Policy 2000.
13.7 “Please see Appendix “C” for further advice and details of compliant intruder
alarm companies. Please note that under normal circumstances these
companies will carry out a survey and offer you a quote free of charge”.
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C).
Internal Security
School Office / Reception – Access Control;
14.1 Good access control is the matrix to the security for any school during the
school day. Procedures should be in place to ensure as far as is reasonably
practicable, that no one is able to access the school buildings unacknowledged
and that once in the building, systems are in place to protect or help pupils and
staff, should support become necessary.
14.2 You should have one entrance to the school building via the office / reception,
with clear directional signs indicating its location to visitors. In turn this door
should incorporate suitable access control with a remote electronic lock
release, intercom and visual verification (CCTV).
14.3 It is recommended that all visitors including school governors etc. should
initially report to the school office / reception, where the purpose of their visit
can be established prior to them signing in and being issued with a visitor’s
badge, valid only on the day of issue.
14.4 In many secondary schools, pupils man a reception desk in the foyer as the
first point of call for visitors. These pupils may be put at unnecessary additional
risks, as they could potentially have to deal with a volatile parent or other
member of the public. Schools should consider the health and safety
implications and ensure that appropriate measures are implemented, taking all
reasonable practicable steps to reduce identified areas of risk.
14.5 Visitors to the school should not be allowed to wonder about the school
unaccompanied.
14.6 Identification provided by local authorities, utilities or other organisations
should not be accepted as an alternative to the school’s own system.
14.7 To further enhance the measure outlined above it is strongly recommended
that all staff wear “ID” badges. This will increase the effectiveness of the
visitors book and badge system and make it easier to challenge those not
wearing the appropriate badge.
14.8 Persons not displaying the proper identification would be more obvious to all
legitimate users of the school building and could be politely challenged and
escorted back to reception to sign in and obtain a visitors badge.
Daytime security of vulnerable offices / rooms: -
15.1 Offices, staff rooms, “IT” Suites and store rooms etc. within a school will
require additional security measures to protect against the casual walk in
thief whether the offender is a stranger to the school or otherwise.
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15.2 Examples of vulnerable items would include Laptop computers, mobile phones,
computer peripherals, software, CDs or DVDs, wallets, purses, bags,
information and any other items that can be easily carried and concealed.
15.3 Doors to these rooms should be fitted with self-closure devices and suitable
access control locks i.e. numeric keypads or electromagnetic locks with
proximity or swipe card facility. These would enable a school to have greater
control over who accesses a particular room or area. Use could be limited to
authorised personnel only.
Secure Store / “IT” Suite: -
16.1 Intruders are unconcerned about damage and are willing to destroy several
items of equipment to steal one. A secure store area should always be
considered for the storage of those items most at risk i.e. computer projectors,
laptops, digital cameras, musical instruments, money, etc.
16.2 Whilst it is accepted because of the very nature of materials used in and the
construction of some schools there will be circumstances where schools may
be unable to achieve the standards set out below. To compensate for this fact,
all efforts must be made to identify the most secure area and incorporate
security features suitable for purpose.
16.3 A secure store should resist attack by any means up to, but excluding power
tools and flame cutters for at least fifteen minutes. A locked door or any
locked metal lockers, desk drawers and filling cabinets contained within, does
not make it a secure area.
• Locate centrally within the school and above ground floor where possible.
• Ensure the approach and the room itself is included in the coverage
provided by the school intruder alarm system.
• Existing classrooms and storerooms will require considerable adaptation
before they can meet the fifteen-minute rule.
• Decide on the necessary security hardware i.e. Roller shutters, grills/bars
locks etc.
• Security of all access and egress doors designed to withstand attack.
• Windows suitably protected to fit in with the school environment, using roller
shutters or collapsible grills.
• Ensure walls offer the same resistance as doors and windows e.g. attack
with sledgehammers.
• Prevent access through ceiling voids or from roofs.
16.4 If required your local Police Crime Reduction Officer can offer further advice on
identifying a suitable room within your school. Please ring 0116 2222222 to
make an appointment.
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Computer Security;
17.1 “Information Technology” plays an ever increasing role in the education of
the young and the administration of schools. Computer projectors, laptops, flat
screen monitors are target items for burglars and are, in everyday use in
schools across the country. The security of these needs to appropriately
considered.
17.2 Whilst all computers, including those used for administrative purposes
require additional security features, to prevent their theft or someone from
tampering with them, the equipment mentioned above also needs to be
considered taking account of all risks. These items or parts of, such as
memory chips, computer projector bulbs, keyboards, optical mice, printers or
scanners etc. can be target items for both the professional and opportunist
thief.
17.3 Having any computer stolen or damaged would have an impact for any school
and not just with the money you spent buying it or the money to replace it.
There's the inconvenience to the school and the disruption to the education of
pupils with the loss of records and schoolwork and the possible negative
impact such an incident would have on a schools good name.
17.4 I recommend that all rooms containing such equipment should be secured with
a solid door incorporating a substantial locking device. Additionally these
devices may also include a form of push button combination lock and self
closer, which could be used during the day, so that persons authorised, would
not be restricted from using these rooms or the equipment within. Out of hours
these locks should not be used to protect these areas and the main locking
devices would also have to be engaged.
17.5 To protect the computer hard drives you will require a “total enclosure”
device. The retaining base plates of such units should be secured to a table or
raw bolted to the floor. They are designed to frustrate dismantling and will
combat theft and removal of components.
17.6 Cable-restraint products should be used for ancillary equipment such as
keyboards and display screens, which require minor position changes during
use.
17.7 Suitable anti-virus and firewall software should be installed to protect the
systems from malicious attack from hackers etc.
17.8 Outlined below are some additional things you can do now to protect your
computer equipment and your school. You can:
• Use cable restraints and anchoring devices to protect work stations.
• The linking of all units in an “IT” suite is recommended.
• Kensington chains or similar devices to protect laptop computers.
• Establish measures to control use and movement of equipment.
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• Mark your equipment - Brand the exterior shell of equipment and mark
exterior and interior where safe and possible with postal codes.
• Keep an audit and record all details of equipment serial
numbers/identification marks. Details need to be readily available in the
event of theft.
• Anchor equipment to solid furniture, floors or nearby walls using appropriate
means.
• “IT” suites and offices containing computers and peripherals should be
protected by the intruder alarm system.
• Store computer equipment within secure rooms/cabinets when buildings or
departments are unoccupied.
• Introduce appropriate access control as outlined previously (page 14
paragraph 14.1 – 14.7).
• Ensure mobile and laptop computers are properly secured when used away
from the school.
• Review existing security precautions, regularly.
• If you need more advice then contact your local Crime Reduction Officer
who will be pleased to help.
Computer Projectors:
18.1 Currently, within the school environment the theft of Data Projectors is causing
great concern. The security of these needs to be appropriately assessed. It
should also be noted that sometimes these projectors are stolen for parts.
Bulbs are very expensive to replace costing in excess 0f £100.
Would you leave a Laptop computer on full view in an insecure and
unoccupied classroom? A Data projector costs as much if not more.
• Overt property marking using a highly visible method should be undertaken
and signs prominently displayed saying that this has been undertaken.
• Consider painting the exterior with a suitable paint. Check with supplier as
to how this can best be done with minimal effect on warranty (invalidating).
• Balance the cost of replacing a broken projector with that of replacing a
stolen one and all other costs associated with being the victim of a burglary.
• Remove projectors at the end of each school day and place in a secure
cabinet and lock the classroom or alternatively place in a secure store-room.
Classroom doors should be secured as in D below.
• As a minimum the projectors should be stored away at weekends and
school holidays. A proper set of steps, an electric screwdriver and two
people will be required as a minimum.
• A secure room/store is defined as a room with brick concrete block walls,
PIR, no roof lights, and a solid timber door secured with the minimum of a 5
17
lever mortise lock kite marked BS 3621. A metal roller shutter could also be
considered.
• A secure cabinet is a proprietary security cabinet anchored to the fabric of
the building.
• Projectors fixed to a ceiling mounted pole should be secured using a
proprietary entrapment device. It is important to ensure that the pole is
adequately secured to the ceiling or unbolt it.
• All rooms containing projectors should be alarm protected as should the
approach. It should be configured so a confirmed alarm is achieved when
intruders enter the room.
• Additional security of windows and fire exit doors also needs to be
considered.
• Prevent walk-in thefts by always locking classrooms when unattended.
• Always confirm the identity of contractors and always escort visitors whilst
on the premises.
• As with all items of value, do not leave them insecure and/or unattended
whilst transporting.
• Fully record all details and where mark for auditing purposes and to aid
identification if stolen/lost.
18.2 Security companies supplying equipment. These details are offered to allow
you the opportunity of making a reasonable and realistic informed decision on
appropriate, cost commensurate security.
• www.top-tec.co.uk
• www.bossuk.com
• www.integrex.co.uk
• www.interactive-whiteboards.co.uk
Property Marking: -
19.1 By clearly marking your property, particularly your “I.T.” equipment, it makes
it less attractive to a potential thief. They find identifiable property dangerous to
handle and difficult to dispose of. There is an increased likelihood of your
property been returned, if stolen. I accept that it is always possible for the
markings to be defaced or removed, but this reduces the resale value and also
extends the time the thief is at risk.
19.2 In a school environment I would recommend the use of visible marking as I
feel they have a far more effective deterrent value. In you circumstances this
can be best achieved by using a “stencil solution marking system” which
cannot be erased. This is a visible, professional, cost effective and
aesthetically pleasing way of marking your property.
19.3 A cheaper alternative would be to scratch, engrave, stencil or stamp the post
code and school name on to equipment. The standard, quality and aesthetic
18
features of this type of marking will rely on the person nominated to carry out
such work.
19.4 The use of property marking within the school needs to be clearly displayed
and should be clearly indicated on school literature by incorporating company
logos where permissible along with suitable wording i.e. “School Property is
protected by ACME Property Marking Systems”.
Good Neighbour Scheme: -
20.1 This would work along the lines of an active Neighbourhood Watch scheme
which encourages members of the community to take an interest in protecting
each others property as well as their own. The effect this has is to develop
community spirit, reduce crime, enhance personal safety and lessen the public
perception and “Fear of Crime”.
20.2 The object of the scheme would be cut down on burglaries, theft and
vandalism by reducing the number of trespassers on the school grounds out of
hours.
20.3 Trespass on school premises is a serious problem. It takes many forms. The
school grounds may provide a convenient shortcut and playing fields used for
unauthorised organised football games, dog walking, golfers or informal
association areas in which local youths just hang around.
20.4 Historically schools are seen as belonging to the local authority and at worst,
belonging to everyone and no one’s responsibility. Such a scheme would
involve encouraging those persons who overlook your school to use a set
procedure for reporting intruders and trespassers on your school.
20.5 In launching such a scheme, local residents would need to be circulated with a
letter outlining the problems your school is suffering and the effect, this has on
the school budget and how this in turn affects all users of the school and
properties abutting. If persons trespassing on school grounds are not
perceived to be a problem and are allowed to access the school grounds
unchallenged this also leaves neighbouring properties vulnerable. In most
residential burglaries the perpetrator gains access via the rear of the property.
Such a scheme stands to benefit all. If a local Neighbourhood Watch scheme
exists, perhaps a “Good Neighbour” scheme for your school could link into
this.
20.6 The scheme involves people who live handy to your school, volunteering to
watch the school and report any suspicious activity to an identified school
contact. The neighbours remain completely anonymous. As a result, prompt
detection of vandalism and trespass occurs.
• Reporting any activation of the school alarm.
• Noting the time of any suspicious incident.
19
• Describing the people involved.
• Noting the presence of any vehicle, which appears to be involved in an
incident together with its registration number and description.
• Reporting the incident as fully as possible to any one of the people whose
names and telephone numbers are supplied in a circular that is distributed
to the neighbours.
• In most cases the people to be contacted will be members of the school
staff or governing body.
Conclusion and Bibliography:
21.1 There is no single answer to improving your security and this booklet is not
intended, as the definitive answer to your needs. In compiling and researching
it, the following sources of information are some of those considered;
• www.dfes.gov.uk/schoolsecurity/
• www.securedbydesign.com/pdfs/schools.pdf
• DFES Publication “Improving Security in Schools”.
• ACPO (Association of Chief Police Officers) Security Systems Policy 2000.
21.2 Further information and advice can be obtained by contacting either your local
Crime Reduction Officer or Education Department.
The Metropolitan Police & London Borough of Havering are thanked &
acknowledged for their assistance in the production of this booklet.
1
Appendix “A”
GOOD PRACTICE GUIDELINES FOR
ANALOGUE & DIGITAL CCTV
1.1
A Closed Circuit Television System is a set of equipment and procedures
designed to collect and process data. Images are recorded using videotapes
(analogue) or digital formats.
1.2
These guidelines are intended as a brief introduction to good practice for all
persons using or considering the use of CCTV surveillance equipment to collect
and process data for the prevention of crime, collection of evidence and personal
safety. The implications that the “Data Protection Act 1998” has for CCTV are
summarised below in paragraphs 2.0 to 3.0.
1.3
The guidance outlined in this document applies equally to Digital and Analogue
CCTV Recording Systems. One of the fundamental requirements of either is the
need to safeguard the integrity of images and for an audit trail to be started at the
earliest stage.
1.4
The use of Digital CCTV is becoming more common as the technology evolves.
The key is the creation of a master reference copy on, write once read many
times (WORM) media i.e. CD-R or DVD-R. Licence free software, enabling the
sequences to be viewed and copied as appropriate should be included.
1.4.1 In February 2005 the Home office issued the following guidance, “UK
Police requirements for Digital CCTV Systems”.
www.crimereduction.gov.uk/digitalcctvleaflet.pdf
1.5
The day to day running of the CCTV System should be the responsibility of an
identified manager. It is accepted that this role may form part of the work
responsibility of a manager with other duties.
1.6
Daily activities and incidents will need to be recorded to assist with subsequent
enquiries on an Incident Report Record Sheet.
1.7
Movement or usage of the tape should be recorded on a Videotape Control
Sheet.
1.8
It is important that the images produced by a system are as clear as possible to
ensure that they are suitable for the purpose(s) for which they are intended. An
initial check should be undertaken to ensure that the system performs properly.
21
• The tapes should be used no more then 12 times, erased and then disposed of
confidentially i.e. 31 high quality video tapes, allowing one videotape per
recorder per day. A library maintained under these terms would have a life
span of a year. (Third Data Protection Principle).
• Tapes should be erased immediately prior to re-use or disposal, using a
purpose made Videotape Eraser.
• Each Tape should be given a Unique Reference Number marked on an
appropriate label attached to the tape.
• Movement or usage of the tape should be recorded on a Videotape Control
sheet.
• Used Videotape Control sheets should be securely stored.
• Cameras should be situated where they will capture images relevant to the
purpose for which the scheme has been established. For example, if the
purpose of the scheme is the prevention and detection of crime, the cameras
should be sited so that facial images are captured.
• When installing cameras, account must be taken of the light conditions in
which the cameras are expected to operate.
• Maintenance of the cameras should be undertaken on a regular basis in order
to ensure that clear images are recorded.
• Cameras should be protected from vandalism in order to ensure that they
remain in working order.
• Where tapes holding incidents are identified they should be securely stored
until required.
• A secure unused stock of spare tapes should be maintained to replace any
withdrawn from the videotape library for any reason.
• The secure cabinet should be kept locked and access should be authorised
only by the CCTV system manager or deputy in their absence.
2.0 Signage: Signs should be placed in the proximity of the cameras so that the public are
aware that they are entering a zone that is covered by surveillance equipment.
• The signs should be clearly visible to members of the public.
• It is recommended that such signs should be at least A3 size.
• The signs should contain the following information.
• Identity of the person or organisation responsible for the scheme.
22
• The purpose of the scheme.
• Details of who to contact regarding the scheme.
Conclusions: The information contained in the above handout is a brief outline of good practice
and the requirements of the Data Protection Act 1998. Additional information and
free impartial advice on CCTV and all other aspects of security can be obtained
from your local Crime Reduction Officer.
Useful web sites: www.homeoffice.gov.uk/docs/digimpro.pdf
PSDB Digital CCTV
Guide.
www.homeoffice.gov.uk/docs/or_manual.pdf
Operational
Requirement.
Appendix “A2”
Good Practice Aide Memoir
1.
The camera(s) lens is clean.
2.
Glassing on the camera(s) housing is clean.
3.
All moving parts are functioning correctly.
4.
Nothing is obstructing the camera view.
5.
The video recording equipment is functioning correctly.
6.
Date and time generator is operating correctly.
7.
Videotapes are checked for suitability of use.
8.
A fresh videotape is properly fitted into the recording equipment.
9.
A replacement videotape is available for immediate use.
10.
Following use, videotapes are safely and securely stored and tape use has been
fully recorded according to procedures.
23
Appendix “B”
“The following guidelines were produced by the Crime Prevention
Office of the Metropolitan Police Service, Robbery Squad”.
CCTV and Video Evidence
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Introduction
Understanding CCTV
Quality
Purchase, usage and Storage
Cataloguing
Making Recordings Tape re-usage
The Video as Evidence
INTRODUCTION
Security monitoring of premises and the movement of people by the use of CCTV systems can
provide aid to the security of premises and the safety of staff and visitors. In combination with
access control and fire and intruder alarm systems it can prove to be a formidable tool in the
fight against crime. But no matter how good the system is, its effectiveness will be diminished
unless cameras are monitored, pictures recorded and a means by which its use can be
documented and its integrity proved, is established from the outset.
The following are suggestions for the way of ensuring best practice in relation to the gathering
and presentation of video evidence. If these general guidelines concerning the handling of
evidential videotapes and equipment are followed it will greatly assist prosecution cases. This
may lead to an increase in 'Guilty Pleas' at court and a decrease in the amount of staff time
wasted in attending court to give evidence.
The Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 requires that the gathering of Police evidence be
procedurally correct and as far as possible, technically verifiable. It therefore puts the emphasis
on improving the standard of evidence required, to catch suspects "in the act" of committing a
crime.
24
UNDERSTANDING CCTV
If you are considering the purchase of a CCTV system here are a few points that
you may wish to consider before making the decision to installing a system. This
will ensure that it meets all your expectations.
−
WHAT USE IS CCTV
•
Countering fraud
•
Public Area monitoring
•
Health and safety monitoring
•
Providing evidential material
•
Alarm confirmation
−
CCTV CAN
•
Help control crowds etc
•
Help deter crime
•
Reassure staff
•
Monitor opening and closing hours
•
Aid in the identification of criminals
•
Assist in Health and Safety issues
•
Assist in the rapid, effective, and appropriate response to an incident
QUALITY
It should be established at the outset whether the purpose of the system is intended to identify
an incident or to provide identification evidence of suspects suitable for presentation to the
courts.
The quality of any recording depends on the standard and condition of both the videotape and
the system used to make the recording. Equipment used must be in good order and regularly,
professionally maintained and serviced, details of which should be recorded from the date of
purchase and commissioning of the system.
25
Unless the camera is set to record a fixed point, i.e. a particular door or piece of equipment, a
preference should tend towards pan tilt and zoom cameras or 360 degree speed dome cameras
with zoom lens in order to focus on the subject and give as clear as possible picture of events.
Adequate lighting or infrared assisted recording should be employed for night-times.
A member of staff should be in a position to explain to any court, procedures relating to the
systems, its installations and use.
PURCHASE, USAGE and STORAGE
Much criticism is levelled by the Police and others that the standard of video reproduction is of
poor quality. There may be many reasons for this but the most common is the over usage of the
recording tape. In an ideal world tapes would only be used once. It is appreciated that cost
effectiveness is a necessity, therefore it is suggested that a library of 31 tapes is established,
one for each day of the month period. Thus giving the maximum usage of twelve times per tape.
Tapes tend to show signs of wear and deterioration after this amount of usage. Good quality
recording tapes must be used for this purpose.
Obviously the more recording machines used, the more 'libraries' will be required. It should be
borne in mind that although this may appear to be excessive, the cost of the tapes is only a
small percentage of the overall cost of the complete video security system.
Tapes should be stored in a secure cupboard or cabinet so that their integrity can be
maintained also avoiding the possibility of accidental damage or use. This should also
apply to the video recording equipment. Once purchased it is important that the life of
the tapes is fully recorded.
CATALOGUING
It is of the utmost importance, when presenting a video recording as evidence, that the tapes
have not been interfered with and that their integrity can be proved. The best manner to prove
this is to establish strict procedures for usage, these being fully documented in a prepared
register that can be subsequently produced at court if required. Each tape should be given a
unique reference number and be labelled accordingly. The principles of the register should be
able to prove the life of the tape its movements and usage.
26
The register will also prove to be a useful management tool in evaluating the system, as it will
contain information relating to the number of tapes used and the number of cases where video
evidence was presented. In conjunction with this, where manually monitored, a daily 'incident
log' should be kept on which the person monitoring the system can record details of
occurrences that have been recorded on the tape. The log should include: The date, time, brief
description of incident and tape counter reading at the start and finish of the incident and should
bear details of the person who monitored the incident. It follows therefore that not only will
provision have to be made for the secure storage of videocassettes but also for the tape register
and the daily incidents logs.
If the use of a bulk eraser is not practical or commercially feasible this will not automatically
disqualify the use of the tape as evidence at court. However, it must be remembered that the
integrity of the tape may be impaired due to images from previous recordings appearing at the
beginning or end of the tape. It is therefore essential that the time and date generator is working
correctly.
Making Recordings Tape re-usage
•
Making Recordings
Before recording cheek that the equipment is in good working order.
See that the tape counter is set to zero.
Check that the time and date generator is correctly set and displayed.
All recordings should be made without interruption unless it is absolutely necessary and any
such interruptions should be recorded so that allegations of malpractice can be disproved.
•
Tape Re-usage
Best practice dictates that before re-using a tape it should be erased by the use of a bulk
eraser, which uses a magnetic field to erase previously recorded material. It should be erased
just prior to its reuse, this giving one month in which to decide if any recordings need to be
viewed before erasing as later events may prove the importance of previously recorded
material. By starting with a freshly erased tape that has been documented to that effect, its
integrity is enhanced.
If the use of a bulk eraser is not practical or commercially feasible this will not automatically
disqualify the use of the tape as evidence at court. However, it must be remembered that the
integrity of the tape may be impaired due to images from previous recordings appearing at the
beginning or end of the tape. It is therefore essential that the time and date generator is working
correctly.
27
The Video as Evidence
•
There must be evidence of continuity of handling of the videotape from the time it is first
taken into use, up to its production as an exhibit at court.
•
The videotape evidence must be the original recording and there must be no evidence of
editing, either by physically cutting and splicing or mechanically recording from separate
sources.
•
The tape used should be either new or evidence should be produced to show that it was
erased prior to its use. If the tape was not erased prior to its use this fact should be notified
to the Police Officer investigating the incident.
•
The VCR must include a date and time generator.
It should be appreciated that the identification of a defendant must not exclusively
rely on the evidence from the videotape; the proof of the crime must be supported by
other testimony.
28
Appendix “C”
ADVICE ON INTRUDER ALARMS
Leicestershire Constabulary accepts installation of remote signaling alarms from alarm
companies, whose business is subject to inspection by one of the following two
independent inspectorate organisations.
1. NACOSS Security Systems: Telephone – 01628 637 512
A division of the National Security Inspectorate “NSI”.
Queensgate House, 14 Cookham Road, Maidenhead, Berkshire SL6 8AJ
Web site = www.nacoss.org
2. SSAIB: Telephone – 0191 296 3242
Security Systems and Alarm Inspection Board.
Suite 3, 131 Bedford Street, North Shields, Tyne & Wear, NE29 6LA
Web site = www.ssaib.co.uk
Questions you need to ask: 1. Check the address and credentials of any company and ask for proof of identity from their
surveyor/representative before disclosing any personal security details.
2. Is the company a member of one the two Inspectorate bodies named above?
3. Is the installation of an alarm a requirement of an insurance company and does the alarm
company belong to one of the Inspectorate Bodies they recognise?
4. Does the company operate a 24-hour call-out service and emergency attendance within 4
hours?
5. Companies will normally quote for free. Check this and does the quotation:
•
Specify that the installation will be to EN50131
•
Include the terms of maintenance and monitoring contracts?
6. If you require a monitored alarm, can the company provide you with a copy of police rules
for such systems and written confirmation that the company is currently acceptable to
Leicestershire Constabulary?
7. Both the above Inspectorate Bodies publish lists of member companies. We recommend
that you choose at least three companies and get a quote from each one prior to making a
final decision.
8. Leicestershire Constabulary alarms office can be contacted on 0116 2222222 Ext. 2715
29
Appendix “D”: Education Act 1996 – Section 547
“Nuisance or disturbance on school premises”
(1) Any person who without lawful authority is present on premises to which this section
applies and causes or permits nuisance or disturbance to the annoyance of persons
who lawfully use those premises (whether or not any such persons are present at
the time) is guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not
exceeding level 2 on the standard scale (£500).
(2) This section applies to premises, including playgrounds, playing fields and other
premises for outdoor recreation, of
(a) Any school maintained by a local education authority, or
(b) Any grant maintained school
(3) If: (a) a police constable, or
(b) (subject to subsection (5)) a person whom a local education authority have
authorised to exercise the power conferred by this subsection, has
reasonable cause to suspect that any person is committing or has committed
an offence under this section, he may remove him from the premises in
question.
(4) The power conferred by subsection (3) may also be exercised, in relation to
premises of an aided, special agreement or grant-maintained school, by a person whom
the governing body have authorised to exercise it.
(5) A local education authority may not authorise a person to exercise the power
conferred by subsection (3) in relation to premises of a voluntary or grant-maintained
school without first obtaining the consent of the governing body.
(6) Subject to subsection (7), no proceedings for an offence under this section shall be
brought by any person other than: (a) a police constable, or
(b) a local education authority.
(7) Proceedings for an offence under this section committed on premises of an aided,
special agreement, or grant maintained school may be brought by a person whom
the governing body have authorised to bring such proceedings.
30
(8) A local education authority may not bring proceedings for an offence under this
section committed on premises of a voluntary or grant maintained school without first
obtaining the consent of the governing body.
Appendix “E”
“Highways Act 1980 & The Occupiers Liability Act 1980”
Section 164 Highways Act 1980, says that where, on land adjoining a highway, there
is a fence made with barbed wire in or on it and the wire is a nuisance to the highway, a
notice may be issued by the Local Authority for the nuisance to be removed.
•
Being a nuisance means that it is likely to cause injury to people or animals using
the highway.
•
In practice, most Local Authority Highways Departments usually consider that
barbed wire lower than eight feet from the ground could be a nuisance to highway
users.
•
The term "Barbed Wire" means anything with spikes or jagged projections, so would
also include the wooden carpet gripper strips which have nails sticking up through
the wood.
If the barbed wire is not adjoining the highway and an injury results, you could still be
faced with a claim for damages under the Occupier Liability Acts. Occupiers of premises
have a duty of care, to people entering or using their premises. This duty even extends
to trespassers, although it is not as extensive as it is to people lawfully using or visiting
the premises. So a burglar, who could not be aware that barbed wire was on top of a
fence and injured himself on it, could have a claim against you despite the fact that he
was a trespasser.
Occupiers Liability Act 1984; Section 1(3)
An occupier of premises owes a duty to another (not being his visitor) in respect of any
such risk….if;
•
He is aware of the danger or has reasonable grounds to believe it exists
•
He knows or has reasonable grounds to believe that the other is in the vicinity of the
danger concerned or that he may come into the vicinity of the danger (in either
case, whether the other has lawful authority for being in the vicinity or not) and
•
The risk is one against which, in all the circumstances of the case, he may
reasonably be expected to offer the other some protection.
Section 1(5)
Any duty owed by virtue of this section in respect of a risk may in appropriate cases, be
discharged by taking such steps as are reasonable in all the circumstances of the case
to give warning of the danger concerned or to discharge persons from incurring the risk.
31
Appendix “F”
Security of School Premises
Risk / Security assessment questionnaire
Introduction: Staff and pupils need to be able to work and learn in a safe and secure environment.
Most schools were not designed with security as a briefing issue. The question of
security within schools is ever changing and needs to be kept under constant review,
with measures implemented to target harden and safeguard identified areas of risk.
Vandalism is the most common crime experienced on school property, followed by theft.
The great majority of these crimes occur after school hours, especially where vandalism
is concerned. Persons trespassing i.e. dog walkers, footballers, golfers and youths who
use the school grounds as an unsupervised informal association area, damage school
property either recklessly or intentionally.
Contributory factors: Some of the main features, which give rise to security problems for existing schools,
are:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Low front perimeter.
Open sites with long boundaries.
Multiple entrances.
Spread out school comprising of a number of buildings.
Isolated and/or temporary building.
Right of way through school grounds.
Perceived permissible community use of playing fields and school grounds out side
of school day.
Over complicated building perimeters with many recesses.
Excessive glazing.
Lack of appropriately worded signage.
Every school incurs some degree of financial loss, the true costs of which are often
underestimated. They include: •
•
•
•
Repairs to broken windows, doors and furniture.
Replacing stolen or damaged equipment.
Repairing / resetting intruder alarms.
Staff overtime.
Today, schools will contain many expensive items including computers, musical
instruments, TVs, video recorders and cameras etc. These need protecting against theft
32
or damage. Paying for crime means using money intended for other purposes such as
maintenance, new equipment or more staff.
Survey Details: -
Name: -
……………………………………………………………………………
Address: -
……………………………………………………………………...
………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………….
Post Code: - …………………………………………………………………………
Head Teacher: - ….………………………………………………………………….
Deputy Head: Secretary: -
………...……………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
Site Manager/Caretaker: - …………………………………………………………
Chair of Governors: - ………………………………………………………………
Checklist completed by: ………………………………………………… ………
Position: -
……………………………………………………………………………
Audit of school premises: The number of: •
Pupils
………………………………
•
Teaching Staff
………………………………
•
Non Teaching Staff
………………………………
•
Classrooms
. ………………………………
•
Main teaching blocks
………………………………
33
•
Mobiles (single and double)
•
Other ancillary buildings
•
Floors
. ………………………………
•
Toilets / cloakrooms
. ………………………………
•
Halls
……………………………….
•
Kitchens
……………………………….
•
Secure store area
……………………………….
Yes / No
•
IT suite
……………………………….
Yes / No
•
Nursery unit attached
……………………………….
Yes / No
………………………………
………………………………
Number of hours community use - per week. ………………………
Community use at weekends
………………………………
Community use during school holiday …………………………….
Crime and Disorder in last twelve months: Allegation and number of incidences if known (all occurrences): •
Assaults on pupils or staff
•
Incidences of “Threatening abusive or insulting words
or behaviour used against members of staff by persons
visiting school (parents or otherwise).
•
Vandalism (reckless or intentional damage to school
property including fixtures and fittings)
•
Theft
•
Burglary
•
Arson
Yes / No
Yes / No
34
Incidence of anti-social behaviour: •
Youths using the school grounds for informal association
•
Evidence of drug, alcohol or solvent abuse
•
Focal point where youths gather ………………………………………………………
Site security - incorporating passive, natural or formal target hardening features:•
Does the school benefit from natural surveillance from residential
properties backing onto or fronting the school site?
Yes / No
Please indicate the extent and nature of properties adjoining your school.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
•
Height of front boundary fence
•
Height and main fence type, used to protect rest of perimeter
……………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………….
•
•
Is there a secondary fence line protecting
building shell and playground area?
Height and fence type
Yes / No
35
Yes / No
•
Other fencing incorporated for security i.e. protecting nursery
•
Location ………………………………………………………………………………..
•
Height
•
Type
Signage “Warning signs” etc: -
•
Trespassing on school premises
Yes / No
•
Electronic security Intruder alarm installed
Yes / No
•
CCTV surveillance in operation
Yes / No
•
School Watch scheme in existence
Yes / No
•
Random Security patrols
Yes / No
•
Property marked stickers displayed in classroom
windows throughout the school
Yes / No
Day Time security
• Does the school office overlook
•
Pedestrian entrance
•
vehicle entrance
•
Is the school office located adjacent to main entrance
door to school building?
•
During the school day the main entrance should be the only
door in use and should incorporate an element of access
control, allowing you to monitor visitors?
•
Do you have clear signage directing visitors to the
School office / reception?
Yes / No
36
Yes / No
•
Are visitors asked for identification and requested to
sign in?
•
Do you have a pass system in operation with badges
issued to all visitors?
•
Are visitors escorted to their location?
•
Are measures taken to prevent unauthorised entry
during school hours?
•
Is there any emergency means of communication. In the
office / reception i.e. to summons help should a caller to the
school be exhibiting some form of criminal or disturbed
behaviour?
•
Have adequate measures been made for the personal safety
of staff and pupils who work in isolated areas?
•
Are staff and pupils made aware of the school security
policy and objectives?
•
Are rooms containing valuable property such as “IT”
equipment or personal property etc. such as offices, staff
rooms, workshops and storerooms locked when not in use?
Security outside of the school day
•
Are special arrangements made for surveillance during
vulnerable times i.e. evenings, weekends and holidays?
•
Are the locking mechanism on all external doors checked to
ensure that they engage securely and are suitable for purpose?
•
Are all ground floor windows suitable protected & checked to
ensure that they are locked shut at the end of each school day?
• Have all external lights been checked to ensure they
are working properly?
•
Are the out of hours lighting needs for your school balanced
between Security / Safety / Courtesy?
37
Yes / No
•
Do you have any natural surveillance from neighbouring
residential property?
•
Does your site benefit from any passive surveillance i.e. passing
traffic or persons walking past?
•
Is there any form of formal surveillance from CCTV?
•
Do you have frequent security patrols?
• Does the Caretaker / site manager live on site?
Does the perimeter fencing provide adequate protection to prevent?
1. Trespass
2. Casual intruder
3. Determined Burglar
•
Do you have an intruder alarm fitted?
•
Is it regularly maintained?
•
Is it connected to the police via a remote monitoring station?
(If so it must be compatible with the Association of Chief
Police Officers Intruder Alarm policy)
•
Is it monitored by the local council?
•
Does the alarm system cover all areas of main building?
•
Do you have prominent intruder alarm boxes on all external
38
elevations?
Security of premises: Yes / No
•
Are the premises kept in good repair?
•
Are windows closed, catches and locks engaged?
•
Is a regular check made of the building to ensure all
damage is reported and repaired?
•
Is graffiti removed immediately it appears?
•
Is there an established routine for ensuring that all external
doors are locked when the building is closed?
•
Have all bolts and security hardware been checked to ensure
that it works correctly and is fit for purpose?
•
Do you have a secure store for valuable equipment?
•
Do you have a secure “IT” suite?
•
Are security devices used to secure computers?
•
Does the “IT” suite main server benefit from additional
protection i.e. total enclosure device?
•
Does the school office incorporate additional security features?
•
Are the school admin computers suitably protected?
•
How often is the information backed up?
Daily / weekly / monthly.
39
Community use: Yes / No
•
Are members of the public restricted to the relevant
part of the building?
•
Are rooms such as toilets checked to make sure nobody
is hiding in the building when it is closed?
•
Are other users encouraged to report any criminal /
suspicious behaviour?
Miscellaneous: •
Is valuable equipment prominently and visibly marked?
•
Are they notices prominently displayed about the school
to this effect?
•
Does the school have a Risk Management Team to oversee
security issues?
•
Do you seek the co-operation of parents in preventing crime
within or around the school?
Conclusion: The Leicestershire Constabulary Crime Reduction Officers can offer schools free and
impartial advice on all aspects of security, please do not hesitate to contact us on 0116
2222222
Crime prevention advice is given free without the intention of creating a contract.
Leicestershire Constabulary takes no responsibility for the advice given.