JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS, VOL. 8, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2013
485
Research on the Novel Charge-discharge System
of Storage Battery
Zheng Zheng
Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Henan Polytechnic University, 454000,Jiaozuo,China
Email:zhengzh@hpu.edu.cn
Wenbin Zhou and Hui He
Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Henan Polytechnic University, 454000,Jiaozuo,China
Email: {zhwbin, herunhaocili}@163.com
Abstract—At present, the issue of low power factor and
harmonic pollution in traditional charge-discharge system is
serious, with the development of PWM rectifier technology,
A novel main circuit topology of charge-discharge system
with a three-phase voltage source PWM rectifier (VSR) and
Bi-directional DC-DC converter are applied in this paper. It
can be used as battery charging power supply, but also as a
discharge load of battery. Regenerative energy is feedback
to power grid and the purpose of energy-saving and
environmental protection are attained. A charge-discharge
simulation model based on constant-current-constantvoltage (CC-CV) charge/ constant-current discharge is
established. Simulation results show compared with the
traditional charge-discharge system, the novel chargedischarge system can achieve sinusoidal input currents and
has lower harmonic pollution, and at the same time
complete discharge process of energy to feedback to power
gird.
Index Terms—battery charging and discharging, PWM
rectifier, Bi-directional DC-DC converter, power factor
I. INTRODUCTION
Due to its stable voltage and reliable power supply, the
battery is used widespreadly various departments of the
national economy and becomes an indispensable part of
the social production and management. In recent years,
with the continued shortage of global energy, ever closer
to depletion of oil resources, air pollution and global
warming have become increasingly prominent,
environmental protection and energy saving have become
the focus of attention, electric vehicle (EV) is becoming
more and more concerned by people [1,2]. However, the
battery acts as power source for EV, it directly influences
and restricts the development of the EV industry. Chargedischarge system’s performance directly affects the
battery technical status, service life, and determines the
discharge of the pollution to the power grid.
At present, the charge-discharge system widely used is
uncontrollable diode rectifier and silicon controlled
rectifier (SCR) technology [3]. The former charges
battery, the input power factor is low and the power grid
is heavily polluted. On battery discharging, because the
system only allows energy to flow in one direction,
© 2013 ACADEMY PUBLISHER
doi:10.4304/jcp.8.2.485-492
charge-discharge system usually uses resistance as load,
which cause electric energy is transformed into heat and
wasted. SCR can work in active inverter mode and realize
energy recycling. On the one hand, there are
shortcomings such as vast size, troublesome operation
and low reliability. On the other hand, discharging on
active inverter mode is prone to subversion and power
grid harmonic pollution is quite serious under the depth
phase control.
Therefore, low power factor and harmonic pollution
has become a major obstacle to the development and
application of charge-discharge system. Inhibiting
harmonic pollution and improving power factor is the
current improvement aspect of charge-discharge system.
In order to solve low power factor and harmonic
pollution of charge-discharge system, for one thing, the
original charge-discharge system can be improved by
installing harmonic compensator; for another thing, in
order to fundamentally eliminate harmonic pollution, it is
possible to change the structure of charge-discharge
system and develop green converter. Owing to VSR’s
advanced features including Bi-directional power flow,
sinusoidal input current at unit power factor and
controllable dc link voltage etc, VSR technology is
applied to charge-discharge system and there are great
industrial application prospects.
According
to
the
battery
charge/discharge
requirements, a novel main circuit topology of chargedischarge system with a three-phase voltage source PWM
rectifier (VSR) and Bi-directional DC-DC converter are
applied in this paper. Simulation results show compared
with traditional charge-discharge system, the novel
charge-discharge system can achieve sinusoidal input
currents and reduce harmonic pollution, and at the same
time complete discharge process of energy to feedback to
power gird and save energy.
II. THE TRADITIONAL CHARGE-DISCHARGE SYSTEM
STRUCTURE
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JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS, VOL. 8, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2013
With the development of the power device and microprocessor control techniques, charge-discharge system
which include DC-DC converter and control computer is
popularized. Block diagram of traditional chargedischarge system is showed in Fig. 1. It consists of diode
rectifier and Bi-directional DC-DC converter. When the
system charges battery, diode rectifier converts grid
voltage to direct current, then direct current is reduced to
suitable voltage to charge battery by DC-DC converter.
When battery is discharged, the energy is consumed in
resister load by boost chopper. Because the system is
controlled by control computer, system’s operation is
simple and has high degree automation; DC-DC
converter has good reliability, more flexible configuration
and can achieve the multiple charge-discharge device
control [4]. However, its disadvantage is that AC side
current distortion is serious and energy only flows in one
direction, this will increase maintenance cost.
U in
c1
VD1
V1
RL
VD2
adjustable voltage, a novel configuration which consists
of a three-phase voltage source PWM rectifier (VSR) and
Bi-directional DC-DC converter was proposed.
Block diagram of the novel charge-discharge system is
showed in Fig. 2. The main circuit of charge-discharge
system consists of four parts [5, 6, 7]: the three-phase
power supply, rectifier module unity, Bi-directional DCDC converter and storage battery. In order to improve the
dynamic performance and reduce the harmonic content,
the system’s main circuit adopts voltage type rectifier.
C1 denotes the dc-link capacitance which inhibits dc link
harmonic voltage and stabilizes dc link voltage, L1
denotes inductance of the inductor on the ac side which
realizes filtering and four quadrant operation. RL is to
start to establish dc link voltage and wait for charging or
discharging. C 2 is to store energy .The role of VSR is to
provide a stable dc link voltage for post-stage DC-DC
converter and achieve Bi-directional transmission of
energy. Bi-directional DC-DC converter is to expand the
range of output voltage and achieve charge or discharge
to the battery.
When DC-DC converter operates at buck mode, switch
V1 is closed and switch V2 is opened, battery is
L1
c2
V2
recharged via the charge-discharge system, electric
energy transfers from the power grid to the battery. When
DC-DC converter operates at boost mode, switch V1 is
Figure 1. Block diagram of the traditional charge-discharge system
opened and switch V2 is closed, the low-voltage side
battery will discharge and provide power for dc link.
Because dc link voltage rises, the energy of battery is
transmitted to the power grid through the PWM rectifier
and the purpose of saving energy is achieved.
III. A NOVEL CHARGE-DISCHARGE SYSTEM STRUCTURE
AND OPERATING PRINCIPLE
There are many shortcomings of traditional chargedischarge system. According to Bi-directional flow
characteristics of PWM rectifier, VSR is applied in
charge-discharge system. First of all, because battery
needs constant charging current, the dc link voltage is
changing rapidly and the VSR’s dc link voltage is usually
controlled by a constant value; secondly, VSR is
equivalent to boost converter, the dc link voltage is
always higher than the AC side grid voltage and can not
regulate from zero. For these reasons, Owing to Bidirectional DC-DC converter advanced features including
IV. CONTROL OF THE NOVEL CHARGE-DISCHARGE
SYSTEM
A. Vector Control Scheme based on VSR
V1
ea
eb
ec
L1
VD1
L
L
L
R
ia
R
ib
c2
c1
V2
VD 2
RL
R
ic
Figure 2. Block diagram of the novel charge-discharge system
© 2013 ACADEMY PUBLISHER
JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS, VOL. 8, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2013
According to [8], VSR current control is divided into
direct current and indirect current control; indirect current
control has a series of shortcomings such as slow
dynamic response of ac side current, sensitivity to the
variation of system parameters and so on. It has been
gradually replaced by direct current control. In this paper,
direction current control based on space vector pulse
width modulation (SVPWM) control strategy is proposed;
it not only improves the voltage utilization and reduces
switching losses, but also achieves sinusoidal input
currents and fast dynamic response.
From Fig. 1, we can get VSR mathematical model in
the three-phase stationary reference frame as follows [9]
dudc
u
= ∑ ik sk − dc
(1)
dt
RL
k = a,b,c
di
1
(2)
L k + Rik = ek − udc ( sk − ∑ si )
dt
3 i = a ,b,c
Where ek and sk denote three-phase source voltages
C
and single polarity binary logic switch function
respectively.
From (1) and (2), VSR mathematical model has clear
physical meanings in the three-phase stationary reference
frame, the every phase variables in model are mutual
coupling and time-varying, which are not good for the
design of controlling system. For this reason, three-phase
stationary reference frame is transformed into d-q
synchronous reference frame (SRF) which rotates with
the fundamental grid frequency. Fundamental sine wave
variables in three-phase stationary reference frame are
transformed into dc component in SRF. The PWM
rectifier dynamics in SRF is described as follows [10].
⎡ed ⎤ ⎡ Lp + R − ωL ⎤ ⎡id ⎤
(3)
⎢e ⎥ = ⎢
⎥ ⎢i ⎥
+
L
Lp
R
ω
q
q
⎣
⎦
⎣ ⎦
⎣ ⎦
3
(ud id + uq iq ) = udcidc
(4)
2
Where udc and idc denote the dc link voltage and dc link
current respectively, ed and eq the d- and q-axes source
voltages, ud and
voltages, and
uq the d- and q-axes rectifier terminal
id and iq the d- and q-axes line current, ω
denotes the angular frequency of the source voltage and
p is the differential operators.
From (3), we can obtain variables in the d-q axes are
mutual coupling, so it is difficult to control voltage alone
and the feed-forward decoupling control scheme is
introduced. When proportional-integral (PI) controller is
applied in inner current control loop, we can obtain the
decoupling equations of
ud* and uq* are as follow [11].
⎡ud∗ ⎤ ⎡− ( K ip + K iI s )(id∗ − id ) + ωLiq + ed ⎤
⎥ (5)
⎢ ∗⎥ = ⎢
∗
⎢⎣uq ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ − ( K ip + K iI s )(iq − iq ) − ωLid + eq ⎥⎦
487
Where K ip and K iI denote the inner current loop
proportional gain and the inner current loop derivative
∗
∗
gain respectively. id 、 iq denote Current command.
VSR adopts double closed-loop that is an outer dc link
voltage control loop and an inner input current control
loop. The dc link voltage outer loop is designed for
stabilizing dc link voltage and the inner current control
loop tracks current command which is provided by dc
link voltage outer loop. The current control loop is to
realize unity power factor sinusoidal current control.
Obviously, from (5), voltage commands have achieved
decoupling control. Block diagram of three-phase PWM
rectifier is showed in Fig. 3. Its working principle is as
follow: comparison values that voltage command minus
voltage sampling data is sent to voltage PI controller and
turned into current command. Because rectifier works in
unit power factor in charge-discharge system, we regulate
iq to be zero. Comparison values that current command
minus current sampling data is send to current PI
controller and turned into voltage signal, and this voltage
is send into PWM pulse unity through coordinate
transformation to complete current closed-loop control.
Vector control module generates the PWM wave by
vector operation, controls Bi-directional PWM converter
and achieves sinusoidal input current and output voltage
stability.
u*dc
id*
id
ωL
ed *
ud
ed id
udc
iq*
iq = 0
uq*
ωL
eq
eq iq udc
Figure 3. Control block diagram of three-phase PWM rectifier
B. Bi-directional DC -DC Converter Control
As can be shown in Fig. 2, DC-DC converter operates
in buck or boost mode [12,13,14], respectively, to
achieve charge or discharge. In order to meet different
charge-discharge requirements, Bi-directional DC-DC
converter adopts current mode control that is an outer
output voltage control loop and an inner averaged
inductor current control loop. The system having double
closed-loop can achieve precise control of output voltage
and output current. Control block diagram of Bidirectional DC-DC converter is showed in Fig. 4 [15].
Current command is provided by voltage controller or the
function control unit. By controlling switch states of
s1 and s2 , the system can change closed-loop structure,
which switches between single-loop and double-loop; and
the function unit controls the voltage settings U set and
current settings I set , so the DC-DC converter can achieve
© 2013 ACADEMY PUBLISHER
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JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS, VOL. 8, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2013
different ways to meet charge and discharge requirements,
such as constant current charge, CC-CV charge, and
constant current discharge and so on. Where VR and CR
denote the voltage controller and current controller
respectively, K PWM is scale factor.
CC-CV mode is applied in this paper, switch
s1 and s2 is closed at this point. U set denotes given
charging voltage. Comparison values that given charging
voltage minus feedback voltage is sent to voltage
controller and turn into current command. When charging
voltage does not come to given value, Voltage controller
output rapidly reaches saturation, under the current loop
control, the battery charges in constant current mode.
Charging current is equal to constant value and the
battery voltage is gradually increased. When the battery
voltage exceeds given charging voltage, voltage
controller exit saturated state. AS the battery voltage
increases, current command is reduced. It converts into
constant voltage mode.
Function control
unit
Uset
S1
IVR
VR
Uf
Iset
N(S)
S2
CR
KPWM
U1
filter
i1
battery
if
U0
K fi
K fv
Figure 4. Control block diagram of Bi-directional DC-DC converter
C. The Battery Model
The battery is modeled using a simple controlled
voltage source in series with a constant resistance, as
shown in Fig. 5. This model assumes the same
characteristics for the charge and the discharge cycles and
uses only state of charge (SOC) as a state variable in
order to accurately reproduce the manufacturer’s curves
for the battery chemistries. The open voltage source is
calculated with a non-linear equation based on the actual
SOC of the battery. The model parameters can be
deduced from a manufacturer’s discharge curve [16].
Ibatt
+
+
Vbatt
-
Where E = no-load voltage (V), Eo = battery constant
voltage(V), K = polarization voltage(V), Q = battery
∫ idt =
capacity(Ah),
actual
battery
charge(Ah),
A = exponential zone amplitude(V), B = exponential zone
Vbat =
battery
time
constant
inverse(Ah)-1,
voltage(V), Rbat = internal resistance( Ω ) , i = battery
current(A).
The model represents a non-linear voltage which
depends uniquely on the actual battery charge. This
means that when the battery is almost completely
discharged and no current is flowing, the voltage will be
nearly zero. Therefore, this model can accurate represents
the behavior of the battery.
V. SIMULATION RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
In order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of
the novel charge-discharge system, the paper makes
comparison between traditional and novel system. A
charge-discharge simulation model is established in
Mathlab/Simulink. Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 shows simulation
model of the traditional charge-discharge system and
simulation model of the novel charge-discharge system
respectively. They both consist of rectifier and Bidirectional DC-DC converter. The former is
uncontrollable diode rectifier, the latter is PWM rectifier.
The internal structure of DC-DC converter module is
shown in Fig. 9.When battery charges, DC-DC converter
operates at buck mode, when battery is discharged, DCDC converter operates at boost mode. Select a group of
dedicated lithium-ion battery of electric vehicles as the
research object, its rated voltage is 330V and rated
capacity is 50Ah. Simulation model of battery is shown
in Fig. 8. Simulation studies were carried out under the
condition in Tab.1 and Tab.2.
TABLE I.
.
SIMULATION PARAMETERS OF TRADITIONAL CHARGE-DISCHARGE
SYSTEM
parameter
Abbr
value
Phase
voltage
ea
220V
L0
0.5mH
R
DC link
voltage
DC link
resister
AC side
Equivalent
induction
AC side
Equivalent
resistance
parameter
DC-DC
converter
Switching
frequency
Abbr
value
f dc − dc
20KHZ
DC link
induction
L
6mH
0.1 Ω
DC-DC
Converter
induction
L1
20mH
u dc
500V
Battery side
capacitance
C1
6400uF
RL
35 Ω
DC link
capacitance
C
2000uF
t
Q
E = E0 - K
+ A exp(−B • it)
Q − it
∫
0
Figure 5. Non-liner battery model
The controlled voltage source is described by (6) and
(7):
E = Eo − K
Q
+ A exp(− B × it )
Q − it
Vbatt = E − Rbat × i
© 2013 ACADEMY PUBLISHER
(6)
(7)
When the battery charges, Bi-directional DC-DC
converter operates in buck mode, the initial status of
battery is set to 90% SOC (charge state). The charging
current is constant which is 0.3*C=15A; when the battery
voltage reaches to 359V, the charging mode changes
from constant current to constant voltage.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS, VOL. 8, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2013
TABLE II.
SIMULATION PARAMETERS OF HIGH POWER FACTOR CHARGE-
489
Step
1
g
m
1
2
g
m
C
E
IL
L1
i
- +
i
+ -
I_battery
IGBT/Diode
Conn1
m
2
DISCHARGE SYSTEM
ea
AC side
induction
220V
L
0.5mH
AC side
Equivalent
resistance
R
DC link
voltage
u dc
0.1 Ω
Abbr
value
+
f dc − dc
V
Vbattery
Out1
charge mode
-
R
20KHZ
I
+
- v
C1
charge mode
0
Step1
+
v
-
Battery 330V 50AH
g
C
Phase
voltage
parameter
DC-DC
converter
Switching
frequency
VSR
Switching
frequency
DC-DC
Converter
induction
value
IGB T/Diode1
1
Switch3
m
E
Abbr
g
1
parameter
charge method
fVSR
6mH
2
Conn2
I_L
Switch1
charge and discahrge control
Out1
Switch2
V_load
L1
20mH
0
dischare mode
Vb
Vb1
SOC
Current
Voltage
Battery Status
50 Ω
RL
Discrete,
Ts = 1e-005 s.
pow ergui
C1
DC link
capacitance
C
6400uF
Figure 9. Simulation model of bidirectional DC-DC converter
2000uF
L
R L0
+
i
-
A
K
Conn1
A
N
C
B
B
Conn2
C
A
C
Inductive source
with neutral
DC-DCbianhuan
Diode
Figure 6. Simulation model of the traditional charge-discharge system
Discrete,
Ts = 1e-005 s.
pow ergui
+ i
-
1
g
z
eA
A
eB
B
+ i
ia
+
L
i
+ ib
+
C
Conn1
A
R
eC
iL
v +
-
B
i
ic
C
udc
-
Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 show simulation results of A phase
voltage and current in charge mode. As can be seen from
the figures, compared with the traditional chargedischarge system, the input current of the novel chargedischarge system has smaller overshoot and shorter
dynamic adjustment time. System can run quickly under
unity power factor. The source voltage and current have
the same phase.
400
A Phase Voltage(V) A Phase Current(A)
DC link
resister
600V
Battery side
capacitance
300
200
100
0
-100
-200
-300
Conn2
-400
C
shuangxiangDC-DC
voltage Source
0
0.05
pulses
Converter Controller
Figure 7. Simulation model of the novel charge-discharge system
m
Current
V
Model
Discrete
+
i
-
+
Current
1
A phase Voltage(V) A phase Current(A)
eabc
300
200
100
0
-100
-200
-300
-400
Internal Resistance
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
+
Time(s)
Figure 11. Simulation results of A phase voltage and current for the
novel charge-discharge system
-
s
0.2
400
iL
current
0.15
Figure 10. Simulation results of A phase voltage and current for the
traditional charge-discharge system
iabc
m
1
0.1
Time(s)
Udc
2
m1
2
Figure 8. Simulation model of battery
© 2013 ACADEMY PUBLISHER
Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 show simulation Harmonic content
of input current in charge mode. As can be seen from the
figures, for traditional charge-discharge system, the total
harmonic distortion of input current is 28.49%. In order
to meet harmonic pollution requirement to power grid,
the total harmonic current of charge-discharge system
should be less than 5% of the rated value, Whereas, the
total harmonic distortion of input current is only 2.3% for
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JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS, VOL. 8, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2013
700
the novel charge-discharge system. So, the total harmonic
distortion (THD) of input current meets this standard.
D C Link Vo ltag e (V)
Fundamental (50Hz) = 27.16(A) , Total Harmonic Distortion= 28.49%
100
Magnitude (% of Fundamental)
600
80
60
500
400
300
200
100
40
0
20
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
Time(s)
10
Harmonic order
15
20
Figure 12. Harmonic content of input current for the traditional chargedischarge system in charge mode
Fundamental (50Hz) = 27.54(A) , Total Harmonic Distortion= 2.84%
M a g n itu d e (% o f Fu n d a m e n ta l)
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
5
10
15
20
Harmonic order
Figure 13. Harmonic content of input current for the novel chargedischarge system in charge mode
Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 show simulation results of dc link
voltage at two modes. As can be seen from the figures,
the dc-link voltage of two modes has strong static
stability. When the novel charge-discharge system
compared with traditional charge-discharge system, it is
evident that the dc link voltage overshoot of the novel
charge-discharge system is smaller than that of the
traditional charge-discharge system, the time of dc-link
voltage returning to steady state is shorter and the
dynamic process is non-oscillatory, this means that the
novel charge-discharge system has quicker response.
700
90.04
90.03
90.02
90.01
600
300
20
10
0
359
358
357
356
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Time(s)
Figure 16. Battery simulation results of the traditional chargedischarge system
500
400
90
30
-10
-15
Battery Current(A)
DC Link Voltage (V)
Fig. 16 and Fig. 17 show the result of battery current,
voltage and soc in charge mode. According to Fig. 16 and
Fig. 17, charging currents can fast track current command
and small ripple at two modes, when the battery voltages
reaches to the limit value, the charge current reduces
slowly, the battery voltage is held constant to achieve
constant voltage function. They are able to complete the
good work of the battery charge.
State of Capacity(%)
800
Figure 15. Waveform of dc link voltage for the novel charge-discharge
system in charge mode
State Of Capacity (%)
5
Battery Current(A)
0
Battery Voltage(V)
0
90.04
90.03
90.02
90.01
90
30
20
10
0
-10
-15
200
0
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
Time(s)
Figure 14. Waveform of dc link voltage for traditional charge-discharge
system in charge mode
Battery Voltage(V)
360
100
359
358
357
356
355
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
Time(s)
2.5
3
3.5
4
Figure 17. Battery simulation results of the novel charge-discharge
system
When the battery is discharged, Bi-directional DC-DC
converter operates in boost mode. The initial status of
battery is set to 100% SOC (discharge state). The
traditional charge-discharge system can only achieve
energy to flow in one direction. However, the novel
© 2013 ACADEMY PUBLISHER
JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS, VOL. 8, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2013
A Phase Voltage(V) A Phase Current(A)
400
State of Capacity(%)
100
99.98
99.96
99.94
Battery Current(A)
100
80
60
40
30
20
0
386
Battery Voltage(V)
charge-discharge system adopts PWM rectifier as the
main circuit, it can allow energy which is discharged by
battery to feedback to power grid and improve the energy
utilization efficiency. The discharging current is constant
which is 0.6*C=30A. Fig. 18 and Fig. 19 show
simulation results of source voltage and current and
harmonic content of input current for the novel chargedischarge system in discharge mode. The source voltage
and current become reverse after the adjustment of 1.5
frequency cycle and power factor is nearly -1. THD of
input current is small and only 4.36% in discharge mode,
this reduces power gird harmonic effectively and meets
energy to Bi-directional flow.
491
384
382
380
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
Time(s)
2.5
3
3.5
4
Figure 21. Battery simulation results in discharge mode
300
200
VI. CONCLUSION
100
0
-100
-200
-300
-400
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
Time(s)
Figure 18. Waveforms of source voltage and current for the novel
charge-discharge system in discharge mode
Fundamental (50Hz) = 17.92(A) , Total Harmonic Distortion= 4.36%
Magnitude (% of Fundamental)
100
80
60
40
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
20
0
0
5
10
Harmonic order
15
20
Figure 19. Harmonic content of input current for the novel chargedischarge system in discharge mode
Fig. 20 shows simulation result of dc link voltage in
discharge mode, the dc link voltage is restored to the
steady-state value in short time and the dynamic process
is non-oscillatory. Fig. 21 shows the result of batter
current, voltage and soc in discharge mode. The
discharge current has a big overshoot in the initial state
and can achieve a given current after a brief adjustment.
This meets the discharge requirements of battery.
700
600
DC Link Voltage (V)
The novel charge-discharge system consists of VSR
and Bi-directional DC-DC converter. It can be used as
battery charging power supply, but also as a discharge
load of battery. Regenerative energy is feedback to power
grid and the purpose of energy-saving and environmental
protection are attained. Simulation results show compared
with traditional charge-discharge system ， the novel
charge-discharge system can realize sinusoidal input
currents and Bi-directional power flow. When PWM
technology is applied to charge-discharge system, this
effectively improves power supply quality, increases the
utilization rate of electric energy and suppresses
harmonic content. Therefore, charge-discharge system
based on three-phase reversible rectifier has a great
industrial application value and prospect.
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
Time(s)
Figure 20. Waveforms of dc link voltage for the novel charge-discharge
in discharge mode
© 2013 ACADEMY PUBLISHER
This work is supported by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant No 51077125),
Hennan Science and Technology key project (Grant No
082102240008) and Educational Commission of Henan
Province of china (Grant No 2008A470004).
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Zheng Zheng (Nanyang, Henan, China,
1965) received the the B.E. degree from
Jiaozuo Mining Institute at Jiaozuo,
Henan, China, in 1986, and the M.S. and
Ph.D. degrees in information and
electrical engineering from China
University of Mining and Technology ,
Beijing,
China,
in
1994
and
2011,respectively, all in information and
electrical engineering.
She is currently a professor at the Electrical Engineering and
automation Department of Henan Polytechnic University,
Jiaozuo, Henan, China. She undertakes vice-president in
electrical engineering and automation. Her published articles:
Zheng Zheng, Wang Cong, Ge Guangkai, “A new calculation
algorithm of positive and negative sequence component of
PWM converter under voltage unbalance condition,”
Engineering Journal of Wuhan University, vol. 43, pp. 642-645,
October 2010. Zheng Zheng, Ge Guankai, “Design of AC side
Inductor for three-phase PWM rectifier,” Electric Drive, 2011,
41(3): 24-27. and Zheng Zheng, Cuijing Du, and Wangcang
Chang, “New method of harmonic current detection for
unbalanced three-phase power system,” Proceeding of the CSUEPSA, vol. 22, pp. 50-54, June 2010.
© 2013 ACADEMY PUBLISHER
JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS, VOL. 8, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2013
Her main interests are power electronics, electrical drive,
control theory and control engineering.
Wenbin Zhou (Xiangtan, Hunan, China,
1987) received his B.E. degree in
electrical engineering and automation
from Wangfang College of Science and
technology HPU (Henan Polytechnic
University), Jiaozuo, Henan, China, in
2009. His main interests are electrical
drive system and control.
Hui He (Zhang Jiajie, Hunan, China,
1982) received his B.E. degree in safety
engineering and technology from
College of Safety Science and
Engineering,
Henan
Polytechnic
University, Jiaozuo, Henan, China, in
2007. His main interests are control
theory and control engineering, power
electronics and electric drive.