Working
Report
2003-23
flectrical Pole-Pole Soundings
at Olkiluoto Site
During Autumn 2002
Mari Lahti
Jalle
Tammenmaa
Suomen Malmi Oy
June
2003
Working Reports contain information on work in progress
or pending completion.
The conclusions and viewpoints presented in the report
are those of author(s) and do not necessarily
coincide with those of Posiva.
TEKIJAORGANISAATIO
SUOMEN MALMI OY
PL 10
Juvan teollisuuskatu 16-18
02921 ESPOO
TILAAJA
POSIVAOY
27160 Olkiluoto
TILAAJAN
YHDYSHENKILO
Eero Heikkinen, Fintact Oy
URAKOITSIJAN
YHDYSHENKILO
Tero Laurila, Smoy
RAPORTTI
WORKING REPORT 2003-23
ELECRICAL POLE-POLE SOUNDINGS AT
OLKILUOTO SITE DURING AUTUMN
2002
TEKIJAT
TARKASTAJA
~,.\2
/\_
l I
Pekka Mikkola, Smoy
\
1
ELECTRICAL POLE-POLE SOUNDINGS AT OLKILUOTO SITE DURING
AUTUMN2002
SAHKOISET POOLI-POOLI -LUOTAUKSET OLKILUODOSSA SYKSYLLA
2002
Mari Lahti
J alle Tammenmaa
ABSTRACT
Suomen Malmi Oy conducted electrical pole-pole soundings for Posiva Oy for studying
the subsurface resistivity structures at Olkiluoto site during autumn 2002. The
soundings were carried out at three lines and altogether 4.9 line-km were measured. The
results are presented in apparent resistivity pseudosections. Generally the detected
apparent resistivity values vary from few hundreds of ohmimeters (ohm-m) to few
thousands of ohmimeters. The low resistivity zone at the eastern part of the site show
apparent resistivities from roughly 20 to 100 ohm-m.
KEYWORDS:
Electrical soundings, pole-pole array, apparent resistivity, pseudosection
TIIVISTELMA
Suomen Malmi teki Posiva Oy:n tilauksesta sahkoisia pooli-pooli -luotauksia
Olkiluodon tutkimusalueella syksyl!a 2002. Luotausten tarkoituksena oli tutkia maa- ja
ka~lioperan
ominaisvastusjakaumaa. Mittauksia tehtiin kolmella erillisella linjalla
yhteensa 4.9 linjakilometria. Tulokset on esitetty naennaisen ominaisvastusjakauman
pseudosektioina.
Yleisesti
naennainen
ominaisvastus
vaihteli
mittausalueella
muutamista sadoista ohmimetreista (ohm-m) muutamiin tuhansiin ohmimetreihin.
Alueen itareunalla havaittiin alhaisen ominaisvastuksen vyohyke, jossa naennainen
ominaisvastus oli no in 20-100 ohm-m.
AVAINSANAT:
Vastusluotaukset, pooli-pooli -luotaus, naennainen ominaisvastus, ps~udosektio
2
TITVISTELMA
ABSTRACT
1
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 3
2
THE SURVEY METHOD AND EQIDPMENT ....••..••.....••.•....•.••...••...•.••.•.........•...•....••.•.••....•....• 4
3
2.1
Electrical sounding cross-sections .................................................................... 4
2.2
Survey configuration ........................................................................................ 4
2.3
Equipment ......................................................................................................... 4
2.4
Field work ................................................................... ~ ..................................... 6
2.4.1
Placement of the lines ............................................................................... 6
2.4.2
Test survey ................................................................................................ 8
2.4.3
Timetable for the surveys ......................................................................... 9
2.4.4
Problems during the survey ...................................................................... 9
RESULTS ........................................................................................................................................ 11
3.1
Calculations .................................................................................................... 11
3.2
Results ............................................................................................................ 11
4
CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................................................. 13
5
APPENDICES ................................................................................................................................. 14
APPENDIX 1. Map of the surveyed lines
14
APPENDIX 2. Technical properties of the equipment
15
APPENDIX 3. Apparent resistivity/IP pseudosections
APPENDIX 3.1 Line L1, resistivity
16
APPENDIX 3.2 Line L2, resistivity
17
APPENDIX 3.3 Line L3, resistivity
18
APPENDIX 3.4 Line L3, chargeability
19
3
1
INTRODUCTION
This working report presents the electrical pole-pole soundings conducted for Posiva Oy
at the Olkiluoto site during autumn 2002. Suomen Malmi Oy conducted the field
survey, geodetic work and processing of the data. The fieldwork included soundings at
three lines totalling 4900 m.
The field group consisted of one supervisor and 2-3 observers. Geophysical supervisors
Leo J okinen and Antero Saukko as well as observer Pertti Kurkinen and several helpers
participated to the fieldwork. Geophysicist Jalle Tammenmaa processed the data and
geophysicist Mari Lahti compiled the working report.
The work was organised as a co-operation between Posiva Oy, Finland, and ANDRA,
France. The field work was assessed and the design agreed in field meeting in
September 2002. ANDRA representatives involved were Yannick Leutsch and Joseph
Roux (Cogema).
From Posiva's side the work was supervised by Heikki Hinkkanen, and from Fintact Ltd
as Posiva's consultant, by Eero Heikkinen. The investigations were planned in cooperation with ANDRA,
and
designed to
support
the
separately reported
electromagnetic frequency soundings with Gefinex 400 Stool on the same base line.
This report deals with the field work, results and data delivery.
4
2
2.1
THE SURVEY METHOD AND EQUIPMENT
Electrical sounding cross-sections
Galvanic electrical soundings utilize feeding of current into the ground through a pair of
electrodes and measuring the voltage variations through another pair of electrodes. The
measured voltages are associated with the resistivity of the material where the current
flows through. Electrical soundings are carried out using a characteristic array of
electrodes; in this case a pole-pole array. The chosen electrode array affects e.g. the
resolution of the survey. The separation of the current electrodes defines e.g. the depth
penetration, the scale, and the resolution of the survey.
2.2
Survey configuration
The electrical soundings were conducted using a pole-pole -configuration (see Figure
1). That comprehends locating remote groundings for current and potential electrodes at
considerable distances from the surveyed lines. In this survey it was possible to locate
the groundings at 1.0-1.5 km minimum distances from the surveyed lines. The electrode
separation used was 50 m. However, the first 100 m of each electrode spread was
measured with closer separations due to the expected shallow 0-10 m glacial
overburden, and the high resistivity contrast between water saturated till and the highly
resistive crystalline bedrock. The separations at each spread were then 5m, 1Om, 25m,
50m, 75m, lOOm and further on increasing with 50 m intervals. The number of nominal
separations was 14 and the length of the total spread was 500 m. Each of the lines ended
close to sea shore (last potential electrode station). The layout was not extended with
shorter spreads over the last planned current station (L1 3200 m, L2 500 m and L3 1200
m), thus leaving the end of line slightly incomplete in coverage at surface parts.
2.3
Equipment
The fieldwork was conducted using a 8-channel Scintrex IPR-12 receiver and an Iris
Instruments VIP3000 transmitter. The technical properties of the equipment are
presented in Appendix 2.
The transmitter was powered using a 2,5 kW generator. Stainless steel electrodes were
used for the groundings. The cable used for the remote groundings was 2.5 mm2 single
conductor cable. A multi-electrode cable system was not applied due to the expected
high noise level and risk for interferences with high transmission power as well as the
5
long 50 m separations between subsequent P1 stations on harsh boggy and wooded
terrain.
Both the transmitter and receiver were computer controlled. The power transmission
was applied with adjustable current, used at a range of 100 mA to 1400 mA during the
survey. The current feed was arranged in cycles of positive and negative ramps with
equal length, and with an equal interval between the pulses. The time of each pulse was
adjustable between 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 seconds, of which 1, 2 and 4 seconds were
tested. Finally 2 second pulse length was selected. Transmission was on continuously
over a survey day. The current was adjusted according to the separation between the
current and potential electrodes.
The receiver recognises the pulse from the ramp form and length, and compensates for
self potential drift and noise during the selectable number of pulse cycles. Four cycles
were selected for the survey. The tool records also the induced polarisation on 14 time
channels, and calculates further IP parameters. All results for each recording are stored
on the computer.
The parameters were tested and adjusted during initialisation of the survey. The
readings were monitored by repeating them 2-3 times for each station and spread. The
each survey day results were plotted to sounding curves in order to analyse the
performance and possible disturbances.
6
OM
5fll
10M'
25M
C2
'7.5i-l
-25M
-50 M
-75M
-lOOM
-1251"1
-1501"1
-1751"1
-2001"1
-2251"1
-2501"1
Cl=OM
C1=50M
Figure 1. The pole-pole survey configuration and the principle for pseudosection
presentation.
2.4
2.4.1
Field work
Placement of the lines
The 3.2 km long main line along the Olkiluoto island in mainly E-W direction as well as
the 0.5 km and 1.2 km long N-S crossing lines were located using differential GPS
positioning with YLE Fokus differential correlation service. The practical accuracy is
better than 2 m. The coordinates of the starting and ending points as well as the folding
points of the main line are presented in Table 1. The locations of the lines and the fixed
current C2 and potential P2 electrode stations for each line are shown on a site map in
Appendix 1.
The field work initiated with GPS placement and light staking of the pre-designed lines,
construction and testing of the remote groundings, and building the remote electrode
connection lines. The cables were lifted onto trees to avoid leakages, cutting by elks,
also avoiding interference on the roads, and power lines. The grounding resistance of
the remote electrodes was excellent, 40-100 ohms, due to location at moist places.
7
Table 1. The coordinates of the measured lines.
Line
Easting
start
Northing
start
Easting
end
Northing
end
Length m
L1, E-W
1524300
6792450
1527345
6791562
3200
L 1_700m (folding)
1525000
6792380
L 1_2250m (folding)
1526503
6792001
L2 (1524500), N-S
1524500
6792300
1524500
6792800
500
L3 (1526000), N-S
1526000
6791600
1526000
6792800
1200
The coordinates for remote groundings are presented in Table 2 and are shown in the
map in Appendix 1. The initial remote grounding for current transmission for line L 1
was placed at the western end of the Olkiluoto Island called Ulkopaa, approximately 1.2
km distance from the beginning of the line Ll (C2, red colour in Appendix 1). The
remote grounding for potential measurement was placed at the northern side of the
island, at Marikarinnokka (P2, red in Appendix 1). The smallest distance from the
potential grounding to the survey line Ll was app. 1.0 km. At location 1950 m the
remote groundings were relocated due to the problems discussed in chapter 2.4.4. Three
overlapping stations were surveyed at 1950-2050 m for comparison of resistivity
levelling. The -new current remote grounding was located at the same position of the
first potential grounding at Marikarinnokka (C2, green in Appendix 1) and the potential
grounding was moved to the southern side of the island at Liiklanpera (P2, green in
Appendix 1). Permission for the placing the remote grounding at an environmental
protection area was granted by Environmental authorities. The both remote groundings
for line L2 were the same as for line Ll from 0 m to 1900 m (C2 and P2, red in
Appendix 1). The remote current grounding for line L3 was located at Ulkopaa (C2,
blue in Appendix 1) and the potential grounding at Liiklanpera (P2, blue in Appendix
1).
8
Table 2. Coordinates of the remote current and potential groundings.
Line
Easting,
current
Northing,
Easting,
Northing,
current
potential
potential
L1, Om-1900m
1523350
6793020
1526060
6793250
L1, 1950m-3200m
1526060
6793250
1525067
6791381
L2
1523350
6793020
1526060
6793250
L3
1523350
6793020
1525067
6791381
2.4.2
Test survey
The actual survey started with test measurements in September. The plan was to survey
the first 500 m of the main line and based on the results evaluate the suitability of the
method. The test surveys lasted 2-3 days and during those considerable difficulties were
detected with the current feed and automatic trigging.
During the tests the automatic trigging to voltage signal failed at large distances e.g.
over 200 m. This was probably due to the power line interference. The noise level
exceeded 10-50 mV, whereas the P1-P2 dipole voltage decreased near to this level at
the larger separations C1-Pl. Using an extra dipole P3-P2 solved the trigging problem.
The extra dipole for trigging was placed near the current feed station typically 100 m
from the current electrode Cl. The P3-P2 results were highly repeatable within some
0,5% or better. Noise level increased at larger separations, but based on repeatability the
accuracy of voltage P1-P2 is still better than 5%.
After the test survey, the results and the layout were reviewed and adjusted with
ANDRA representatives, and the surveys were continued. The daily quality control of
the results included checking of the groundings and cables, accuracy of the readings,
repeatability, data recording etc.
9
2.4.3
Timetable for the surveys
The survey was carried out with 3 persons field group (one at the transmitter, 2 on the
moving electrodes and the receiver). The work proceeded roughly at a rate of 5-6 active
current stations per day (250-300 m) except on days when disturbances were met. In
total some 100 stations were recorded.
The survey lasted from 18.9.-24.9. (the testing and demonstration days) until November
4th. The survey comprised of 38 working days. Unexpectedly long time emerged due to
difficult conditions, see chapter 2.4.4 below.
After the survey the current and potential remote groundings were dismantled.
2.4.4
Problems during the survey
The receiver and transmitter were being synchronized between a fixed potential
electrode and a measuring electrode. When the distance between the current feed
electrode and the measuring electrode grew larger than 100 m the synchronization failed
due to disturbances. At each current feed station at measuring distances from 150m to
500m the synchronization was done utilizing a fixed electrode located at the station
lOOm.
When measuring the main line at distance 1950 m it became impossible to feed the
current to the ground. The disturbances seemed similar in nature as the 50 Hz and
higher frequency interference met frequently, e.g., in borehole geophysical logging,
borehole seismics, and microseismic stations at the site. It was assumed that the nearby
drilling operation might disturb the measurements. The drilling rods were at 500 m
depth during the measurements. The disturbances, however, continued after the drilling
finished.
The remote groundings were moved to new locations for being able to continue the
measurements. The coordinates of those groundings are presented in Table 2. After
relocating the groundings the current feed became easier. At time to time some
disturbances occurred.
When measuring the last approximately 450 m of the main line (distances 2750-3200m)
the synchronization failed again. The synchronization electrode was then moved along
the line, 20 m ahead of the measurement electrode.
10
At some locations, the current feed failed with the settings. A lower current feed
(resulting lower measurable potential) was applied instead, and it usually helped. This
phenomenon was discussed with field crew and assessed to be due to too good contact
grounding, and a polarisation of the ground itself near the electrode station. Lowering
the grounding resistance also helped in places. Only at 2300-2400 m Cl stations this did
not produce high enough measurable potential at Pl.
For the last part of the Ll, due to failures in the power transmission and in recording
adequate voltage level, the C2 current electrode was moved closer to the site, to former
P2 location to north at Marikarinnokka, and correspondingly the remote voltage station
P2 to Liiklanpedi bay in the southwest of the site, to reduce the power line interferences
in the voltage bipoles. Overlapping stations were placed at the 1950-2050 m. The results
are presented as continuous image in Appendix 3.1, but it should be noted that there
may be a difference in the resistivity level due to the change of the remote grounding
locations.
Due to the interference, and probably very low resistivity, or a high contrast, some of
the last potential spreads 400-500 m at 2550-2700 m were not possible to record. This
can be seen as a lack of data at 2800-2950 m of the line Ll resistivity pseudosection in
Appendix 3.1. The electrodes were placed on a clayey field, but there is probably also a
conductive horizon in the bedrock.
Each day's results were immediately monitored by field crew and also assessed both by
Mr Tammenmaa and by Mr Heikkinen to check the measurement consistency and
performance. The disturbance situations were covered, checked and decided right
during the survey or latest on the next day.
11
3
3.1
RESULTS
Calculations
The apparent resistivities were calculated using the theoretical equation for homogenous
half-space:
where:
U =voltage
I= current
R 1 =distance from the local potential electrode to the local current electrode
R2 = distance from the local potential electrode to the remote current electrode
R3 = distance from the remote potential electrode to the local current electrode
~
= distance from the remote potential electrode to the remote current electrode
Taking into account all the true electrode positions, occurrence of small but influencing
gradient effects due to non-ideal positions of remote C2 and P2 were removed. It should
be considered that the influence of 3-D resistivity variation (off-line, near the remote
groundings, and between the survey lines and the remote groundings), will affect the
results as well. Ideally all the lines should have performed with the same remote
groundings, but this was not possible due to the interferences and probably the
resistivity distribution at the site. It should also be noted that the pseudosections in
Appendix 3.1 are distorted images of the ground conductivity distribution due to the
projections, for example the 45 degrees dipping conductive regions near a strong,
outcropping conductive horizon. A later processing with inversion will better describe
the real conductivity distribution in the subsurface.
3.2
Results
The results are presented as pseudosections where the calculated apparent resistivities
are being projected at the depth of a/2, where "a" denotes the C1-P1 separation. Each
reading was projected to mid-point location between Cl and P1 (see Figure 1). The
pseudosection presentation is an approximate presentation of the distribution of
12
subsurface apparent resistivities. The shape of the apparent resistivity contours depends
on the type of survey array as well as the distribution of the true subsurface resistivities.
The pseudosection images can be used for data quality checking and selection of
interpretational models for preliminary interpretation purposes.
The pseudosections are presented in appendices 3.1-3.3. The data of line L1 are
combined to a continuous line although the remote groundings were changed at location
1950m. This may be visible in the pseudosection as levelling contrast.
The data has been arranged in Geosoft XYZ text files including positions of the current
electrodes, potential electrodes, and the projected locations of the apparent resistivity
values. The original results recorded and stored in Scintrex IPR-12 (current, voltage, IP
parametres, SP, noise, coordinates, geometrical factor K) are saved in IGS files.
An example of induced polarisation results on time window 650-910 ms at line 3, is
presented in Appendix 3.3.
All the · initial and processed results have been delivered with their descriptions to
Posiva, and to ANDRA, and stored in POSIVA's investigation data archive (TUTKA).
13
4
CONCLUSIONS
The scope of the survey was to study the electrical subsurface properties of the soil and
bedrock. Three lines, altogether 4.9 km, were surveyed with electrical soundings using a
pole-pole array. The results are presented as apparent resistivity pseudosections in
Appendices 3.1-3.3.
The problems encountered during the survey were related to different sources of
electrical interference. In practise the problems occurred as triggering failure and
current feeding difficulties.
The performed extent of the survey (4.9 km) is about the same as the planned extent
(5.0 km). The main line (Line 1) is shorter than planned and only two crossing lines
were surveyed instead of three planned. Line 3 is longer than planned though.
The apparent resistivity pseudosections show· the low resistivity of the shallow
overburden, regions of resistive bedrock as well as regions of moderately or highly
conductive bedrock at certain depth levels, especially at the eastern part of Line 1.
D
0
APPENDIX 3.1
16
.; i. ·~
Line L1, resistivity
-100
O.t- r
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
?300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000
3100
3200
3300
3400
3500
+
+
+
-100
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-!-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
(0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
BOO
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000
3100
3200
3300
3400
3500
Scale 1:1 0000
100
0
100
200
300
'·r
1252
1008
~ 882
0
0
784
-j o 707
648
600
~ 8 545
489
4 ~ 423
0
369
~ ~ 330
0 290
264
221
174
132
103
71
~~
metres
Res
Ohm*m
VIP 3000
COMPLETE DISPLAY
WORKS WITII ALMOSI'
POWER GENERATOR
A baclclighted liquid crystal alphanumeric
display is provided for the simultaneous
indication of aB output parameten.
Ouput current, output voltage, contact
resistance and output power are
continuously displayed.
ANY
The VIP 3000 lP transmitter can be
powered by almost uy motor &enerator
providing a nominal 230V, 4S-450 Hz
output, single phase, at a suitable KVA
rating.
ERROR MESSAGES
Low cost commercial generator sets,
available at local hardware or equipment
rental stores are perfectly suitable.
Intelligent messa&es and warniDgs are
displayed in case of problem or
malfunction.
Besides, the permanent
storage of all the parameters relating to
the operation of the unit make easier the
remote identification of a trouble by the
manufacturer for quicker instrument
servicing.
I
I SPECIFICATIONS
SPECIFICATIONS
• Output Power: 3000 VA maximum
• Output Voltage: 3000 V maximum
Automatic voltage range selection
Inputs
1 to 8 dipoles are measured simultaneously.
• Output Current: 5 amperes
maximum, current regulated
SA
I
3000 W
• Dipoles: 8, selected by push button
Input Voltage (Vp) Range
50 pvolt to 14 volt
• Output Connectors: UniclipTM
connectors accepts bare wire or
plug of up to 4 mm. diameter.
Chargeability (M) Range
0 to 300 millivolt/volt
INTELLIGENT REGULATION
The VIP 3000 internal microprocessor is
capable of excellent curreat regulation
in almost any load.
Current is operator selectable in
preprogrammed steps from SOmA to S
amperes. Intelligent current adjustment
algorithms are always in operation. For
example, the contact resistance will
occasionally be too high for the VIP
3000 to provide the requested current
setting. In such cases, the VIP 3000 will
display a warning message and will set
the current to the maximum value
allowable under that combination of
current setting and contact resistance.
Some reserve current capacity will
always be kept to insure that the current
stays constant during the measurements,
whatever
the
contact
resistance
fluctuations.
GROUND I.ESISTANCE(kll)
VIP 3000 LOAD LIMITS
1
Absolute Accuracy of Vp, SP and M
Better than 1%
• Frequency DomaiD Waveforms:
Common Mode Rejection
At input more than lOOdb
• Display:
Alphanumeric liquid crystal display.
Simultaneous display of output current,
output voltage, contact resistance, and
output horse-power
VIP 3000 BLOCK DIAGRAM·
• Protection:
Short circuit at 20 ohms,
Open loop at 60000 ohms,
Vp Integration Time
10% to 80% of the current on time.
lP Transient Program
Total measuring time keyboard selectable at
1, 2, 4, 8, 16 or 32 seconds. Normally 14
windows except that the first four are not
measured on the 1 second timing, the first three
are not measured on the 2 second timing and
the first is not measured on the 4 second
timing. An additional transient slice of minimum
10 ms width, and tOms steps, with delay of at
least 40 ms is keyboard selectable.
Programmable windows also available.
Transmitter Tuning
Equal on and off times with polarity change
each half cycle. On/off times of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 or
32 seconds. Timing accuraq• of ±lOO ppm or
better is required.
Thennal
Input overvoltage and undervoltage.
keyboard sele<.1able dipole. Umited to avoid
mistriggering.
Filtering
RF filter, 10Hz 6 pole low pass filter, statistical
noise spike removal.
Internal Test Generator
1200 mV ofSP; 807 mV ofVp and
30.28 mV/V of M.
Analog Meter
For monitoring input signals; switchable to any
dipole via keyboard.
Keyboard
17 key keypad with direct one key access to the
most frequently used functions.
Display
16lines by 40 characters, 128 x 240 dots,
Backlit SuperTwist Uquid Crystal Display.
Displays instrument status and data during
and after reading. Alphanumeric and
graphic displays.
Display Heater
Available for below ·15"C operation.
Memory Capacity
Stores approximately 400 dipoles of information
when 8 dipoles are measured simultaneously.
return delay to accommodate slow peripherals.
Hand-shaking is done by X-on/X-olf.
Standard Rechargeable Batteries
Eight rechargeable Ni·Cad 0 cells. Supplied with
a charger, suitable for 1101230V, 50 to 60 Hz,
lOW. More than 20 hours service at +25"C,
more than 8 hours at -30"C.
Ancillary Rechargeable Batteries
An additional eight rechargeable Ni-Cad 0 cells
may be installed in the console along with the
Standard Rechargeable Batteries. Used to
power the Display Heater or as backup power.
Supplied with a second charger. More than
6 hours service at · 30"C.
Use of Non-Rec.hargeablc Batteries
Can be powered by 0 size Alkaline batteries,
but rechargeable batteries are recommended
for lower cost over time.
Operating Temperature Range
-30"C to +50"C
Storage Temperature Range
·30"C to +50"C
Dimensions
Console: 355 x 270 x 165 mm
Charger: 120 x 95 x 55 mm
Weights
Console: 5.8 kg
Charger. 1.1 kg
Batteries: 1.3 kg
,__.
Vl
Transmitters Available
IPC-9 200 W
TSQ-2E 750 W
TSQ-3 3 kW
TSQ-4 10 kW
VERSA TX
Real Time Clock
Data is recorded with year, month, day, hour,
minute and second.
Digital Data Output
Formatted serial data output for printer and PC
etc. Data output in 7 or 8 bit ASCil, one start,
one stop bit, no parity format. Baud rate is
keyboard selectable for standard rates between
300 baud and 57.6 kBaud. Selectable carriage
• Remote Control:
FuU duplex RS-232A, 300-19200 bauds.
Direct wire sync for on-time and polarity.
I GENERAL FEATURES
r
2~
.3~
4- - - - - - - - - - - - - VIP 3000 CURRENT WAVEFORMS
Reading Resolution of Vp, SP and M
Vp, 10 microvolt; SP, 1 millivolt; M, 0.01
millivolt/volt
• TDDe and Frequency Stability:
0.01 %, 1 PPB optional
The VIP 3000 can also be linked to an
intelligent receiver, or to a computer, for
the automatic recording of current
settings.
Finally, syoc:hrooization with a receiver
or system is also possible in both
directions (i.e. Rx to Tx or Tx to Rx).
Tori~ Toff
• Tmae DomaiD Waveforms:
On+, off, on-, off, (on =off)
preprogrammed cycle.
Automatic circuit opening in off time.
Preprogrammed on times from 0.5 to 8
seconds by factor of two.
Other cycles programmable by user.
Preprogrammed frequencies from 0.0625
Hz to 4Hz by factors of2.
Alternate or simultaneous transmission of
any two frequencies.
Other frequencies programmable by user.
The VIP 3000 is provided with a remote
control port. By using radio modems,
it can be operated from a remote
location.
1 ..J
Tau Range
60 microseconds to 2000 seconds
Square wave,
REMOTE CONTROL
Self ~-ynchronization on the signal received at a
SP Bucking
± I 0 volt range. Automatic linear correction
operating on a cycle by cycle basis.
• Current stability: 0.1%
.. UJ>.IUM Ot1TPIJT CURJl£HT (4)
Synchronization
Input Impedance
16 Megohms
• Current accuracy: better than 1%
External Circuit Test
All dipoles are measured individually in
sequence, using a 10Hz square wave. The
range is 0 to 2 Mohm with 0.1 kohm resolution.
Circuit resistances are displayed and recorded.
1,_..,._
IRIS INSTRUMEim
lP 6007 - 45060 Orlens o4u %, FraiCt
"'-•: (33)31.63.11.00
Fox: (33)31.U.Il.l%
• Dimensions (h w d): 41 x 32 x 24 cm.
e Weight: 16 kg
• Power Source:
175 to 270 VAC, 45-450 Hz, single
phase.
• Operating Temperature: -40 to +SO
degrees Celsius.
• Supplied Accessories:
Programming key
Operation manual.
I
SCINTREX
~
~
Earth Science Instrumentation
222 Snidercroft Road, Concord, Ontario, Canada l4K 165
Head Office
SCINTREX Limited
222 Snidercroft Road
Concord, Ontario, Canada L4K 185
Telephone: (905) 669-2280
Fax: (905) 669·6403
a-mail: scintrexOscintrexltd.com
website: www.scintrexltd.com
SCINTREX/AUSLOG
~
76205 U.S.A.
P.O. BOX 125 Summer Park
B3 Jijaws Street, Brisbane
Telephone: -H31·7-3376-5188
N
Telephone: (940) 591-n55
Fax: (940) 591-1968
a-mail: richardj Oscintrexusa.com
e-mai: auslog 0 auslog.com.au
website: www.auslog.com.au
In the U.S.A.
SCINTREX Inc.
900 Woodrow Lane, Suite 1100
Denton, Texas
In S.E.Asia
Fax: +61-7-3376-6626
~
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